Evidence Of Climate-Induced Range Contractions In Bull Trout Salvelinus Confluentus In A Rocky Mountain Watersehd, U.S.A.,
2014
University of Montana - Missoula
Evidence Of Climate-Induced Range Contractions In Bull Trout Salvelinus Confluentus In A Rocky Mountain Watersehd, U.S.A., Lisa A. Eby, Olga E. Helmy, Lisa M. Holsinger, Michael K. Young
Wildlife Biology Faculty Publications
Many freshwater fish species are considered vulnerable to stream temperature warming associated with climate change because they are ectothermic, yet there are surprisingly few studies documenting changes in distributions. Streams and rivers in the U.S. Rocky Mountains have been warming for several decades. At the same time these systems have been experiencing an increase in the severity and frequency of wildfires, which often results in habitat changes including increased water temperatures. We resampled 74 sites across a Rocky Mountain watershed 17 to 20 years after initial samples to determine whether there were trends in bull trout occurrence associated with temperature, …
Interspecific Variation In Juvenile Snapper Otolith Chemical Signatures In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico,
2014
University of South Alabama and Dauphin Island Sea Lab
Interspecific Variation In Juvenile Snapper Otolith Chemical Signatures In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, William F. Patterson Iii, Beverly K. Barnett, Michelle Zapp Sluis, James Howan Cowan Jr., Alan M. Shiller
Faculty Publications
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether age-0 lane snapper Lutjanus synagris otolith chemical signatures could serve as accurate proxies for those of its congener, red snapper L. campechanus, among northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM) nursery regions. Red (n = 90) and lane (n = 53) snappers were sampled from 3 regions of the northern GOM in fall 2005, and their otolith chemistry was analyzed with sector field-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (Ba:Ca, Mg:Ca, Mn:Ca, Sr:Ca, Li:Ca) or stable isotope ratio-mass spectrometry (δ13C and δ18O). Chemical signatures were significantly different among regions (MANOVA, p < 0.001) and between species (MANOVA, p = 0.029), with the species effect being driven by significant differences in 4 of the 7 constituents analyzed (ANOVA, p < 0.036). The significant region effect persisted (MANOVA, p < 0.001), but the species effect was non-significant (MANOVA, p = 0.964) when constituent values were normalized to species-specific means. Mean regional classification accuracies from linear discriminant functions computed with otolith constituent data were 84% for lane snapper and 80% for red snapper whether data were normalized or not. Maximum likelihood models parameterized with normalized lane snapper otolith chemistry data estimated red snapper regional composition reasonably well among mixed-region samples (mean error = 9.7% among models). Therefore, it appears age-0 lane snapper otolith chemical signatures can serve as accurate proxies for those of red snapper in the northern GOM. These results have broader implications for deriving natural tags based on otolith chemistry for fishes that may have low abundance in parts of their range.
Fine-Scale Features On The Sea Surface In Sar Satellite Imagery - Part 2: Numerical Modeling,
2014
Nova Southeastern University
Fine-Scale Features On The Sea Surface In Sar Satellite Imagery - Part 2: Numerical Modeling, Silvia Matt, A. Fujimura, Alexander Soloviev, S. H. Rhee, R. Romeiser
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles
With the advent of the new generation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellites, it has become possible to resolve fine-scale features on the sea surface on the scale of meters. The proper identification of sea surface signatures in SAR imagery can be challenging, since some features may be due to atmospheric distortions (gravity waves, squall lines) or anthropogenic influences (slicks), and may not be related to dynamic processes in the upper ocean. In order to improve our understanding of the nature of fine-scale features on the sea surface and their signature in SAR, we have conducted high-resolution numerical simulations combining …
Book Review - Abominable Science!: Origins Of The Yeti, Nessie, And Other Famous Cryptids,
2014
Nova Southeastern University
Book Review - Abominable Science!: Origins Of The Yeti, Nessie, And Other Famous Cryptids, J. Matthew Hoch
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles
No abstract provided.
Report On The 2013 Rapid Assessment Survey Of Marine Species At New England Bays And Harbors,
2014
University of New Hampshire - Main Campus
Report On The 2013 Rapid Assessment Survey Of Marine Species At New England Bays And Harbors, Christopher D. Wells, Adrienne L. Pappal, Yuangyu Cao, James T. Carlton, Zara Currimjee, Jennifer A. Dijkstra, Sara K. Edquist, Arriaan Gittenberger, Seth Goodnight, Sara P. Grady, Larry G. Harris, Leslie H. Harris, Lindsay A. Green, Niels-Viggo Hobbs, Gretchen Lambert, Judith Pederson, Macarena Ros, Jan P. Smith, Lauren Stefaniak, Alexandra Stevens
PREP Reports & Publications
Introduced species (i.e., non-native species that have become established in a new location) have increasingly been recognized as a concern as they have become more prevalent in marine and terrestrial environments (Mooney and Cleland 2001; Simberloff et al. 2005). The ability of introduced species to alter population, community, and ecosystem structure and function, as well as cause significant economic damage is well documented (Carlton 1989, 1996b, 2000; Cohen and Carlton 1995; Cohen et al. 1995; Elton 1958; Meinesz et al. 1993; Occhipinti-Ambrogi and Sheppard 2007; Pimentel et al. 2005; Thresher 2000). The annual economic costs incurred from managing the approximately …
Ultraviolet Led Biofouling Mitigation,
2014
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
Ultraviolet Led Biofouling Mitigation, Andrew Lam
Computer Engineering
The goal is to determine if low-cost UV LEDs can mitigate marine biofouling on small glass or acrylic camera lenses. A microprocessor-controlled experimental setup to control the illumination of low-cost UV LEDs of various wavelength and packaging was fashioned. The system consists of a programmed microcontroller, a manufactured LED breakout interface, and a submergible UV LED array enclosed in a borosilicate glass tube. A preliminary qualitative assessment of four different UV LEDs was conducted during a three-week deployment of the experimental setup in the raw seawater system at the Cal Poly Center for Costal and Marine Sciences in Avila Beach, …
Memorandum: Quality Assurance Of 2013 Great Bay Estuary Eelgrass Monitoring Program Conducted By Kappa Mapping, Inc.,
2014
NH Department of Environmental Services
Memorandum: Quality Assurance Of 2013 Great Bay Estuary Eelgrass Monitoring Program Conducted By Kappa Mapping, Inc., Matthew A. Wood
Quality Assurance Project Plans
The purpose of this memorandum is to document the results of quality assurance checks on the 2013 Great Bay Estuary Eelgrass Monitoring Program.
Distribution And Dynamic Habitat Use Of Young Bull Sharks Carcharhinus Leucas In A Highly Stratified Northern Gulf Of Mexico Estuary,
2014
University of South Alabama, Dauphin Island Sea Lab
Distribution And Dynamic Habitat Use Of Young Bull Sharks Carcharhinus Leucas In A Highly Stratified Northern Gulf Of Mexico Estuary, J. Marcus Drymon, Matthew J. Ajemian, Sean P. Powers
University Faculty and Staff Publications
Understanding how animals alter habitat use in response to changing abiotic conditions is important for effective conservation management. For bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas), habitat use has been widely examined in the eastern and western Gulf of Mexico; however, knowledge of their movements and the factors influencing them is lacking for populations in the more temperate north-central Gulf of Mexico. To examine how changes in hydrographic conditions affected the presence of young bull sharks in Mobile Bay, Alabama, thirty-five sharks were fitted with internal acoustic transmitters and monitored with an acoustic monitoring array consisting of thirty-three receivers between June …
Eelgrass Distribution In The Great Bay Estuary And Piscataqua River For 2013,
2014
Photointerpretation Consultant
Eelgrass Distribution In The Great Bay Estuary And Piscataqua River For 2013, Seth Barker
PREP Reports & Publications
Eelgrass distribution and cover in Great Bay, Little Bay, and the Piscataqua River Estuary were mapped from aerial photography acquired on August 24, 2013. The total area of eelgrass beds with 10% or greater cover was 1683.4 acres. The largest concentration of eelgrass was found in Great Bay with lesser amounts in the vicinity of Portsmouth Harbor. Comparisons to previous years are not made here.
Detection Of Pahs In Commercial And Wild Caught Fish Oil Using Scanning Fluorescence Spectroscopy,
2014
Seton Hall University
Detection Of Pahs In Commercial And Wild Caught Fish Oil Using Scanning Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Edwin Antonio Pena
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
The DeepWater Horizon (DWH) oil spill contaminated a large area in the Gulf of Mexico in summer 2010. It is likely that many aquatic species in the Gulf were affected by the spill. Crude oil contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs). Some PAHs are carcinogenic to fish and humans. The purpose of this project was to develop menhaden fish oil as a biomonitoring tool for crude oil contaminants such as PAHs using scanning fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS). Menhaden (Genus Brevoortia) is one of the most ecologically and economically important marine fish species along the Atlantic and Gulf coast; however, it is …
Use Of Coastal Islands By Seabirds: A Tool To Guide Future Marine Protected Areas In California,
2014
University of San Francisco
Use Of Coastal Islands By Seabirds: A Tool To Guide Future Marine Protected Areas In California, Dana A. Page
Master's Projects and Capstones
Seabird breeding colonies on islands off the coast of California offer a unique tool to help guide marine spatial planning. The life histories of seabirds can be used to develop locations of ecological importance along the coast of California. Tracking methodologies and habitat modeling related to seabird habitat utilization can be used to inform management approaches which can aid in the expansion of marine protected areas (MPAs). Protecting ocean habitats will help mitigate impacts of climate change and ensure the ecosystem services provided by marine environments. Areas within the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary were analyzed to locate candidate MPA …
Water Water Everywhere: Analyzing Long Island's Water Issues And Finding Solutions For A Sustainable Future,
2014
Fordham University
Water Water Everywhere: Analyzing Long Island's Water Issues And Finding Solutions For A Sustainable Future, Anthony T. Becker
2014 Student Theses
Over three million people call Long Island their home. With access to beautiful landscapes, world-renowned beaches, and proximity to New York City, it is no wonder that so many proudly call this geographic stretch of glacial till their home. However, throughout the years our actions do not necessarily reflect this affection we have to our home. Years of sprawl and human infestation across the island have resulted in widespread environmental degradation. Specifically, the water we drink and the beaches we enjoy have become endangered. I plan on studying the urban ecology of how intensified population growth led to the eutrophication …
Elements Of A Successful Plan: Marine Invasive Species Management,
2014
University of Southern Maine, Muskie School of Public Service
Elements Of A Successful Plan: Marine Invasive Species Management, Caitlin Gerber
Muskie School Capstones and Dissertations
Marine invasive species are becoming an increasing threat to marine ecosystems and coastal economies around the world. The purpose of this study is to determine the elements of an effective invasive species program in a variety of places and to come up with suggestions for how to implement this in Maine, specifically in terms of combatting Green Crabs
Prokaryotic Diversity Of The Wastewater Outfalls, Reefs, And Inlets Of Broward County,
2014
Nova Southeastern University
Prokaryotic Diversity Of The Wastewater Outfalls, Reefs, And Inlets Of Broward County, Alexandra Mandina Campbell
HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations
We applied culture-independent, next-generation sequencing (NGS) high throughput pyrosequencing, to characterize the microbial communities associated with near shore seawater in Broward County, FL. These waters flow over coral reef communities, which are part of the Florida reef tract, and are close to shore where bathers frequent. Through a close partnership with the NOAA FACE program, 38 total seawater samples were taken from 6 distinct locales -the Port Everglades and Hillsboro Inlets, Hollywood and Broward wastewater outfalls, and the associated reef waters-over the course of one year. Tagged 16S rRNA amplicons were used to generate longitudinal taxonomic profiles of marine bacteria …
The Detection Of Amazonian Manatees (Trichechus Inunguis) Using Side-Scan Sonar And The Effect Of Oil Activities On Their Habitats In Eastern Ecuador,
2014
Nova Southeastern University
The Detection Of Amazonian Manatees (Trichechus Inunguis) Using Side-Scan Sonar And The Effect Of Oil Activities On Their Habitats In Eastern Ecuador, Caitlin E. Brice
HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations
Substantial hunting pressure and habitat destruction caused by oil extraction has critically endangered the Amazonian manatee in Ecuador. The current population status is unknown because an effective method to observe them in the wild has yet to be developed. This study explored whether the Amazonian manatee persists or has been extirpated in the eastern Ecuadorian Amazon utilizing side-scan sonar to increase odds of detection. Spatial differences in probability of detection were quantified if manatees were observed. The level of chemical contamination was determined and compared spatially and temporally against historical data. Data were collected using opportunistic transect surveys and grab …
Conch Population Demographics And Habitat Association Near Port Everglades Inlet, Florida,
2014
Nova Southeastern University
Conch Population Demographics And Habitat Association Near Port Everglades Inlet, Florida, Charlotte A. Berry
HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations
The queen conch (Strombus gigas) is a large marine gastropod found throughout the tropical western Atlantic including Florida. Overfishing and habitat loss have led to Caribbean-wide population declines requiring regional protections. On Florida’s east coast, aggregations of conch were previously reported just south of a major shipping port near Ft. Lauderdale, unusually high latitude for the species. This study was designed to investigate the spatial extent and population demographics of the Ft. Lauderdale conch. In summer 2012, broad-scale population surveys were conducted to document benthic cover and conch distribution and size data along 72 random transects stratified across …
Results Of 2013 Macroalgal Monitoring And Recommendations For Future Monitoring In Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire,
2014
University of New Hampshire - Main Campus
Results Of 2013 Macroalgal Monitoring And Recommendations For Future Monitoring In Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire, Elisabeth Cianciola, David M. Burdick
PREP Reports & Publications
We undertook this study in an effort to quantify the abundance of macroalgae in Great Bay Estuary and to describe the dominant species composition and distribution in the Estuary. Based on previous research in the Estuary, we developed a three-part research approach. In the first approach, percent cover and biomass data were collected by species/genus on permanent transects at four intertidal sites at four different times of year. The second approach tested the possibility of using random sampling to collect data that were more representative of the entire Estuary over a 1-month time period. In the third research approach, isotope …
An Assessment Of Gelatinous Zooplankton And Impacts On Planktonic Community Structure In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey,
2014
Montclair State University
An Assessment Of Gelatinous Zooplankton And Impacts On Planktonic Community Structure In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, Christie L. Castellano
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Local populations of gelatinous zooplankton are experiencing increases in response to changes in coastal ecosystems due to anthropogenic forces. The abundance of the Atlantic sea nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) has dramatically increased in Barnegat Bay, NJ. Lift net sampling was used to determine the density and distribution of sea nettle and ctenophore {Mnemiopsis leidyi) populations, while zooplankton tows were used to compare relationships between their abundance to that of other zooplankton species. Lift net results showed substantial spatial and temporal variability in density and distribution of ctenophores and sea nettles, with these patterns being inversely proportional. Chrysaora quinquecirrha was more abundant …
Response Of Large River Fishes To A Prolonged High Water Event In The Missouri River, Nebraska,
2014
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Response Of Large River Fishes To A Prolonged High Water Event In The Missouri River, Nebraska, Nicholas Paul Hogberg
School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Regulation and modification of large rivers to accommodate human uses have been a root cause of freshwater biodiversity declines. The Missouri River is among the most drastically-altered large river systems in North America, with a series of mainstem impoundments in the upper watershed altering flow characteristics downstream, and channelization throughout the lower river homogenizing instream habitat and reducing off-channel habitat. Precipitation events during the winter and spring 2010-2011 caused flooding of the greatest magnitude and duration since reservoir completion. The large magnitude and long duration of this flood made it unlike any flood in recent history and provided a unique …
Restoration Of Tryptophan Hydroxylase Functions And Serotonin Content In The Atlantic Croaker Hypothalamus By Antioxidant Treatment During Hypoxic Stress,
2014
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Restoration Of Tryptophan Hydroxylase Functions And Serotonin Content In The Atlantic Croaker Hypothalamus By Antioxidant Treatment During Hypoxic Stress, Md. Saydur Rahman, Peter Thomas
School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications
Antioxidants are prototypical scavengers of oxygen-free radicals and have been shown to prevent neuroendocrine dysfunction in vertebrates during oxidative stress. In the present study, we investigated whether antioxidant treatment can reverse hypoxia-induced down-regulation of hypothalamic tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) and serotonergic functions in Atlantic croaker. Hypothalamic neuronal contents of TPH-1 and TPH-2 proteins, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and its precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) as well as hypothalamic TPH-1 and TPH-2 mRNA expression and TPH activity were measured in croaker after exposure to hypoxia and treatment with pharmacological agents. Multiple injections of N-ethylmaleimide, a sulfhydryl alkylating agent, caused comparable decreases in hypothalamic TPHs functions …
