Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Life Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 54811 - 54840 of 256031

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Editorial Board Feb 2022

Editorial Board

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Causal Factors Of Breeding Success And Frequency In Threatened Grassland Birds On The Ingula Nature Reserve, South Africa, R. B. Colyn, C. Pienaar, H. Smit-Robinson, K. Chetty Feb 2022

Causal Factors Of Breeding Success And Frequency In Threatened Grassland Birds On The Ingula Nature Reserve, South Africa, R. B. Colyn, C. Pienaar, H. Smit-Robinson, K. Chetty

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The high-altitude grasslands covering the eastern escarpment of South Africa is one of the country’s most valuable habitats for biodiversity, livestock and water production. The habitat hosts several threatened bird species including endangered species such as the Rudd's Lark (Heteromirafra ruddi) and Grey Crowned Crane (Balearica regulorum), and vulnerable species such as the Blue Crane (Grus paradisea), Wattled Crane (Bugeranus carunculatus), Southern Bald Ibis (Geronticus calvus), and Yellow-breasted Pipit (Anthus chloris). Avian research and monitoring have been ongoing within the recently declared Ingula Nature Reserve for more than …

Go to article

Animal Performance In Signalgrass Monoculture Or In Silvopastoral Systems, I. A. Gomes Da Silva, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., A. C. L. De Melo, Márcio V. Da Cunha, Mércia V. F. Dos Santos, V. X. O. Apolinário, Erinaldo Viana De Freitas, S. B. M. Costa Feb 2022

Animal Performance In Signalgrass Monoculture Or In Silvopastoral Systems, I. A. Gomes Da Silva, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., A. C. L. De Melo, Márcio V. Da Cunha, Mércia V. F. Dos Santos, V. X. O. Apolinário, Erinaldo Viana De Freitas, S. B. M. Costa

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Silvopastoral systems (SPS) can increase overall productivity and long-term income due to the simultaneous production of trees, forage, and livestock. This 2-yr study evaluated animal performance and herbage responses in C4-grass monoculture or in SPS in the sub-humid tropical region of Brazil. The experimental design was randomized complete block with three replications. Treatments were: Urochloa decumbens (Stapf.) R. Webster (Signalgrass) + Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth (SPS-Mimosa); Signalgrass + Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp (SPS-Gliricidia); and Signalgrass monoculture (SM). Response variables included herbage and livestock responses. Cattle were managed under continuous stocking with variable stocking rate. There was interaction between treatment …

Go to article

Legume And Nitrogen Fertilization Affect Animal Performance And Enteric Methane Emission Of Nellore Heifers, B. G. C. Homem, I. B. G. Lima, P. P. Spasiani, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., A. Berndt, D. R. Casagrande Feb 2022

Legume And Nitrogen Fertilization Affect Animal Performance And Enteric Methane Emission Of Nellore Heifers, B. G. C. Homem, I. B. G. Lima, P. P. Spasiani, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., A. Berndt, D. R. Casagrande

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Methane emission from livestock operation is an important source of greenhouse gas and contributes to global warming. Forage legume secondary compounds may mitigate methane emissions by reducing methanogenic population in the rumen. This study evaluated animal performance and methane emission from beef cattle grazing either a mixed pasture [Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu (palisadegrass) and Arachis pintoi (forage peanut) cv. BRS Mandobi] or a palisadegrass monoculture with or without nitrogen (N) fertilisation. A 2.5-yr continuous stocking experiment was carried out in southeast Brazil, on a randomized complete block design with three treatments and four replicates. Two Nellore heifers were used …

Go to article

People-Environment Trade-Offs In Managing Communal Rangelands Of South Africa, J. E. Bennett, S. Lemke, T. Marandure Feb 2022

People-Environment Trade-Offs In Managing Communal Rangelands Of South Africa, J. E. Bennett, S. Lemke, T. Marandure

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Communal rangelands in South Africa support a range of ecosystem services including water provision, carbon sequestration and livestock production for different stakeholders. Delivering these in a sustainable and socially appropriate manner necessarily requires trade-offs to be made between the different environmental and social outcomes required. We draw on empirical fieldwork and a two-day participatory stakeholder workshop to report on the early stages of a project evaluating these trade-offs in communal rangelands of the uMzimvubu catchment in Eastern Cape Province. Our findings suggest that trade-offs will be necessary at a variety of different levels within this system. For example, a key …

Go to article

Effect Of Mulch Type And Depth On Rooting Of Stem Cuttings And Weed Control In Containers, Isha Poudel, Anthony L. Witcher Feb 2022

Effect Of Mulch Type And Depth On Rooting Of Stem Cuttings And Weed Control In Containers, Isha Poudel, Anthony L. Witcher

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Weeds are a major problem in cutting propagation and compete with the main crop for water, sunlight, and nutrients, thus reducing growth and marketable quality of rooted cuttings. Due to the high labor cost of hand weeding, mulches can be an alternative method for weed control in the propagation environment. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of mulches (coarse vermiculite, rice hulls, paper pellets, and pine pellets) on rooting of stem cuttings and weed control when applied at 0.5- and 1-inch depths. Cuttings of three plant species [‘Nanho Blue’ butterfly bush (Buddleja davidii), ‘Catawba’ …

Go to article

Parasite Dynamics In Untreated Horses Through One Calendar Year, Ashley E. Steuer, Haley P. Anderson, Taylor Shepherd, Jessica A. Scare, Holli S. Gravatte, Martin K. Nielsen Feb 2022

Parasite Dynamics In Untreated Horses Through One Calendar Year, Ashley E. Steuer, Haley P. Anderson, Taylor Shepherd, Jessica A. Scare, Holli S. Gravatte, Martin K. Nielsen

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Background: Horses are host to a plethora of parasites. Knowledge of the seasonality of parasite egg shedding and transmission is important for constructing parasite control programs. However, studies describing these patterns are sparse, and have largely been conducted only in the United Kingdom. This study evaluated strongylid egg shedding patterns and transmission dynamics of Strongylus vulgaris in naturally infected and untreated mares and foals through one calendar year in Kentucky, USA. The study also investigated the existence of a peri-parturient rise (PPR) in strongylid egg counts in foaling mares and collected information about Strongyloides westeri and Parascaris spp. in the …

Go to article

Harnessing The Four-Dimensional Ecology Education Framework To Redesign An Introductory Ecology Course In A Changing Higher Education Landscape, Nathan Ruhl, Patrick Crumrine, Jennifer Oberle, Courtney Richmond, Shelly Thomas, Sara Wright Feb 2022

Harnessing The Four-Dimensional Ecology Education Framework To Redesign An Introductory Ecology Course In A Changing Higher Education Landscape, Nathan Ruhl, Patrick Crumrine, Jennifer Oberle, Courtney Richmond, Shelly Thomas, Sara Wright

School of Earth & Environment Departmental Research

As higher education undergoes rapid and fundamental change, eco-educators need to be prepared to promote the inclusion of the ecological sciences in the biological sciences curriculum of the future. Here, we present an instructional alignment for an introductory ecology course, which is informed by and integrated with the Four-Dimensional Ecology Education (4DEE) Framework. Our instructional alignment was created collaboratively among faculty involved in teaching the course and emphasizes the relevance and utility of the ecological sciences. We believe that this approach positions the ecological sciences for continued success and inclusion in the biological sciences curriculum of tomorrow.

Go to article

Selective Elimination Of Pluripotent Stem Cells By Pikfyve Specific Inhibitors., Arup R Chakraborty, Alex Vassilev, Sushil K Jaiswal, Constandina E O'Connell, John F Ahrens, Barbara S Mallon, Martin Pera, Melvin L Depamphilis Feb 2022

Selective Elimination Of Pluripotent Stem Cells By Pikfyve Specific Inhibitors., Arup R Chakraborty, Alex Vassilev, Sushil K Jaiswal, Constandina E O'Connell, John F Ahrens, Barbara S Mallon, Martin Pera, Melvin L Depamphilis

Faculty Research 2022

Inhibition of PIKfyve phosphoinositide kinase selectively kills autophagy-dependent cancer cells by disrupting lysosome homeostasis. Here, we show that PIKfyve inhibitors can also selectively eliminate pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cells (ECCs), embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells under conditions where differentiated cells remain viable. PIKfyve inhibitors prevented lysosome fission, induced autophagosome accumulation, and reduced cell proliferation in both pluripotent and differentiated cells, but they induced death only in pluripotent cells. The ability of PIKfyve inhibitors to distinguish between pluripotent and differentiated cells was confirmed with xenografts derived from ECCs. Pretreatment of ECCs with the PIKfyve specific inhibitor WX8 suppressed their …

Go to article

Harnessing The 4dee Framework To Redesign An Introductory Ecology Course In A Changing Higher Education Landscape, Nathan Ruhl, Patrick Crumrine, Jennifer Oberle, Courtney Richmond, Shelly Thomas, Sara Wright Feb 2022

Harnessing The 4dee Framework To Redesign An Introductory Ecology Course In A Changing Higher Education Landscape, Nathan Ruhl, Patrick Crumrine, Jennifer Oberle, Courtney Richmond, Shelly Thomas, Sara Wright

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

As higher education undergoes rapid and fundamental change, eco-educators need to be prepared to promote the inclusion of the ecological sciences in the biological sciences curriculum of the future. Here, we present an instructional alignment for an introductory ecology course, which is informed by and integrated with the Four-Dimensional Ecology Education (4DEE) Framework. Our instructional alignment was created collaboratively among faculty involved in teaching the course and emphasizes the relevance and utility of the ecological sciences. We believe that this approach positions the ecological sciences for continued success and inclusion in the biological sciences curriculum of tomorrow.

Go to article

The Effects Of A Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse On Soccer-Specific Skills Following A Morning High-Intensity Practice, Lynnsey Rose Bowling Feb 2022

The Effects Of A Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse On Soccer-Specific Skills Following A Morning High-Intensity Practice, Lynnsey Rose Bowling

Student Theses and Dissertations

Carbohydrate mouth rinse (CMR) enhances aerobic performance lasting ≥ 30 minutes and some anaerobic and skill-related performance. This study evaluated the effects of a CMR on four soccer-specific skills in fasted collegiate female athletes. Participants completed a control session and two counterbalanced, double-blind experimental sessions, during which participants rinsed with either a carbohydrate (CHO; 6% maltodextrin) or taste- and color-matched placebo (PLA) solution following a high-intensity soccer practice. Participants then performed passing, agility, juggling, and shooting tasks. Thirst sensation, rating of perceived exertion, and heart rate (HR) were assessed throughout sessions. No significant differences (p >.05) were observed between experimental …

Go to article

Spring Migration Behavior And Summer Habitat Associations Of Female Indiana Bats (Myotis Sodalis) In Arkansas, Heather N. Custer Feb 2022

Spring Migration Behavior And Summer Habitat Associations Of Female Indiana Bats (Myotis Sodalis) In Arkansas, Heather N. Custer

Student Theses and Dissertations

Since 1967, the Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis) has been federally listed. Range-wide research continues to expand our understanding of the behaviors of the species, but knowledge gaps still remain. Specifically, information regarding spring migration behavior and associated summer habitat of female Indiana bats that overwinter in Arkansas is lacking. Accordingly, objectives of this research included determining direction and distance of migrating female Indiana bats, locating maternity colonies and roosts, estimating maternity colony size, home ranges, and core areas. Migration directions and distances varied among bats, and a maternity colony was located in Arkansas in 2019 that subsequently used artificial roosts …

Go to article

Effects Of External Loading During Daily Living On Acft Performance, Chase Wilson Sanders Feb 2022

Effects Of External Loading During Daily Living On Acft Performance, Chase Wilson Sanders

Student Theses and Dissertations

External loading during activities of daily living (ELDL) has been shown to improve anaerobic performance in tactical populations. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of ELDL on Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) performance in male ROTC cadets. Twenty-two cadets were stratified into ELDL and control groups using baseline ACFT scores. The ELDL group underwent 3 weeks of ELDL using progressive loads of 12, 15, and 18% of lean body mass. Weight vests were not worn during training. ACFT was reassessed after ELDL, and again after a 3-week washout period. A mixed-model ANOVA and Bonferroni pairwise comparisons …

Go to article

Investigation Of The Methylome Pattern Changes In Phytophthora Sojae Infected Soybean (Glycine Max), Shyaron Poudel Feb 2022

Investigation Of The Methylome Pattern Changes In Phytophthora Sojae Infected Soybean (Glycine Max), Shyaron Poudel

Student Theses and Dissertations

Phytophthora stem and root rot (PSR), a soybean disease causes annual losses of up to $250 million in the United States alone. Using the Rps (resistant to Phytophthora sojae) gene in soybean is the main management technique. However, Rps genes are only effective until 8-15 years in the field. Therefore, further understanding of the Rps gene regulation and immune response in soybean is desperately needed. In this study, first, three commercial DNA methylation detection kits were examined on soybean (cultivar Williams 82,which carries Rps1k) DNA samples. All three kits provided libraries with excellent quality and coverage. Secondly, the differential DNA …

Go to article

Effects Of Silica Nanoparticle Liquid Fertilizer On Germination And Yield In Various Plant Species, Morgan Brittany Lowe Feb 2022

Effects Of Silica Nanoparticle Liquid Fertilizer On Germination And Yield In Various Plant Species, Morgan Brittany Lowe

Student Theses and Dissertations

Silicon (Si), the second most abundant element on earth, has many unique qualities that have led to advances in medicine, computer technology, mechanics, and cosmetics. Awareness of Si deficiency in soil has recently become recognized as being a limiting factor for crop production; particularly in Si-accumulating plants and in soils that are low or limited in its availability. Increasing interest in the effects of differing nanoparticles on plant growth and yield has led to the production of Si nanoparticle (Si-NP) fertilizers. This research attempted to compare the effects of different Si-NP fertilizers on the growth, development, and yield of industrial …

Go to article

Unraveling The Anti-Inflammatory And Cardioprotective Mechanism Of Prenylated Stilbenoids From Peanut Hairy Root Cultures In Vitro And In Vivo, Md Rokib Hasan Feb 2022

Unraveling The Anti-Inflammatory And Cardioprotective Mechanism Of Prenylated Stilbenoids From Peanut Hairy Root Cultures In Vitro And In Vivo, Md Rokib Hasan

Student Theses and Dissertations

Stilbenoids are a non-flavonoid class of polyphenols that are important for their potential medicinal applications. Resveratrol, ione of the most well-studied compounds of this group, has various medicinal properties including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer and many other properties. Prenylated stilbenoids which include arachidin-1 and arachidin-3 are produced as a defense response to biotic and abiotic stresses in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Prenylation has been shown to enhance the biological activities of polyphenolic compounds and thus arachidins may have higher anti-inflammatory activity than resveratrol in addition to many other potential health applications. However, the molecular mechanism of the arachidins as an anti-inflammatory and …

Go to article

Characterization Of Site-Specific Vegetation Activity In Alaskan Wet And Dry Tundra As Related To Climate And Soil State, Michael Gregory Brown, Kyle C. Mcdonald, Reiner Zimmermann, Nicholas Steiner, Stephanie Devries, Laura Bourgeau-Chavez Feb 2022

Characterization Of Site-Specific Vegetation Activity In Alaskan Wet And Dry Tundra As Related To Climate And Soil State, Michael Gregory Brown, Kyle C. Mcdonald, Reiner Zimmermann, Nicholas Steiner, Stephanie Devries, Laura Bourgeau-Chavez

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

We present discrete (2-h resolution) multi-year (2008–2017) in situ measurements of seasonal vegetation growth and soil biophysical properties from two sites on Alaska's North Slope, USA, representing dry and wet sedge tundra. We examine measurements of vertical active soil layer temperature and soil moisture profiles (freeze/thaw status), woody shrub vegetation physiological activity, and meteorological site data to assess interrelationships within (and between) these two study sites. Vegetation phenophases (cold de-hardening start, physiological function start, stem growth start, stem growth end, physiological function end, cold hardening completion) were found to have greater interannual day of year (DOY) occurrence variability at the …

Go to article

Combatting Climate Change Through Conservation Easements, Claire Wright Feb 2022

Combatting Climate Change Through Conservation Easements, Claire Wright

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Toxical Effect Of Euphorbia Guyoniana Aqueous Extracts (Euphorbiaceae) On Mortality, Larval Development And Sexual Behavior Of Drosophila Melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Chabi Lila, Habbachi Wafa, Tahraoui Abdelkrim Feb 2022

Toxical Effect Of Euphorbia Guyoniana Aqueous Extracts (Euphorbiaceae) On Mortality, Larval Development And Sexual Behavior Of Drosophila Melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Chabi Lila, Habbachi Wafa, Tahraoui Abdelkrim

Journal of Bioresource Management

Euphorbia guyoniana (Boiss and Reut) is a plant of Euphorbiaceae family common throughout the northern Sahara and pre-desert regions. In traditional medicine, they are used in the treatment of various infections. Euphorbiaceae contain various chemical compounds families such as alkaloids, which give them a toxic effect. The toxic effects of seeds decoctions on mortality and development of 3rd instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster are studied. A treatment by ingestion shows a good larvicidal activity of this extract. It was shown that the chemical compounds contained in the extract, act on the fly development cycle as most of pupae do not …

Go to article

Mosquito Survey In Tizi-Ouzou (Algeria Northern): Updated Inventory With New Reports, Soumeya Chahed, Hania Belkacem, Lynda Boukhari, Karima Brahmi Feb 2022

Mosquito Survey In Tizi-Ouzou (Algeria Northern): Updated Inventory With New Reports, Soumeya Chahed, Hania Belkacem, Lynda Boukhari, Karima Brahmi

Journal of Bioresource Management

Mosquitoes play an important role in public health, they are responsible for the transmission of pathogens that cause infectious diseases to both humans and animals. The study of this fauna biodiversity is necessary to determine the vector species of diseases. Our inventory of mosquitoes in Tizi-Ouzou province has been updated in this study, it was carried out from April to September, 2021 at 43 breeding sites, spread over ten different communes. The inventory was based on the sampling of larvae and the capture of adults on human bait. The identification of Culicidae inventoried revealed the presence of 14 species belonging …

Go to article

Unravelling Causes Of Poor Crop Response To Applied N And P Fertilizers On African Soils, Gudeta W. Sileshi, Job Kihara, Lulseged Tamene, Bernard Vanlauwe, Elijah Phiri, Bashir Jama Feb 2022

Unravelling Causes Of Poor Crop Response To Applied N And P Fertilizers On African Soils, Gudeta W. Sileshi, Job Kihara, Lulseged Tamene, Bernard Vanlauwe, Elijah Phiri, Bashir Jama

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

A number of studies across sub-Saharan Africa have recently reported poor crop responses and low agronomic use efficiencies of applied nitrogen (AEN), phosphorus (AEP) and potassium (AEK). However, the conditions under which non-responsiveness occurs, its underlying causes and its probability of occurrence on different soil types are not well understood. Using data from 542 sites and 14 soil types in 23 African countries, we provide novel insights into the linkage between lack of response to applied N, P and K, the mineralogy of soils and their resilience to erosion. We estimated mean responses as well as the probabilities (φ) of …

Go to article

Helminths Of Thomomys Species (Rodentia: Geomyidae) Of Oregon, Malorri Rene Hughes Feb 2022

Helminths Of Thomomys Species (Rodentia: Geomyidae) Of Oregon, Malorri Rene Hughes

Dissertations and Theses

Although often viewed as inconsequential, parasites have significant ecological and evolutionary importance, and studying them can generate knowledge regarding their environments and their hosts. Helminths (intestinal parasites) infecting Western pocket gophers (Thomomys species) in Oregon had been documented based only on morphology prior to this study. Basing parasite identification solely on morphology is problematic because the characteristics used to identify species can be vague or similar, leading to misidentification or obscuring the true biodiversity present. Using molecular markers to verify species present not only is more reliable but also can be informative in terms of the host-parasite association. To …

Go to article

Preliminary Survey And Diet Analysis Of Anurans In The Riparian Zone Of Calayagon Watershed, Agusan Del Norte, Philippines, Jenessa Verna B. Salo, Chennie L. Solania Feb 2022

Preliminary Survey And Diet Analysis Of Anurans In The Riparian Zone Of Calayagon Watershed, Agusan Del Norte, Philippines, Jenessa Verna B. Salo, Chennie L. Solania

Journal of Bioresource Management

Watersheds are critical habitats for a diverse array of organisms. Among all the fauna, anurans are excellent biological indicators of environmental health. The community structure is often associated with a relationship between species diversity and diet. An anuran survey was conducted along riparian zones of three selected barangays of Calayagon Watershed (Guinabsan, Rizal, and Malpoc), Philippines. Extensive opportunistic methods for a total of 480 man-hours were spent traversing the area. A total of 195 individuals, consisting of seven species from four families, were recorded. Seventy-two percent of the individual species were regarded as Least concern, and 14 % were Near-threatened. …

Go to article

Identification And Characterization Of Active Ingredient Eugenol From Syzygium Aromaticum (Clove Oil) Through Hplc And Its Phytochemical Analysis, Ambreen Kanwal, Saba Irshad, Nimra Akmal, Nayab Batool Rizwi Feb 2022

Identification And Characterization Of Active Ingredient Eugenol From Syzygium Aromaticum (Clove Oil) Through Hplc And Its Phytochemical Analysis, Ambreen Kanwal, Saba Irshad, Nimra Akmal, Nayab Batool Rizwi

Journal of Bioresource Management

Clove, Syzygium aromaticum, is one of the most valuable, ancient and premium essential oil which has been used as source of spice in agro-food industry and therapeutics for centuries. The aim of the present study was to analyze biological activities of clove oil as well as characterization of its active component Eugenol to make it worthwhile for different food and pharmaceutical formulations. Clove oil extraction was performed by Soxhlet method. Its phytochemical analysis showed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, coumarins, steroids, saponnins, and tannins while proteins and leucoanthocyanins were absent in it. DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay was performed which …

Go to article

The Study Of Tree Biomass Calculation By Comparing Partial Harvest Method With The Allometric Equations Method, Kanlayarat Jantawong, Titinan Pothong Feb 2022

The Study Of Tree Biomass Calculation By Comparing Partial Harvest Method With The Allometric Equations Method, Kanlayarat Jantawong, Titinan Pothong

Journal of Bioresource Management

This study aimed to investigate the effective of partial harvest method used for tree biomass estimation. Such method was analyzed for the correlation in compare with invented allometric equations. The advantages and disadvantages of those methods were discussed. The significantly difference between estimation methods were analyzed. As a result, tree biomass calculated by the Brown’s allometric equation produced highest results, followed by the partial harvest method, Tsutsumi’s, Chave’s and Pothong’s equations respectively. The selected allometric equations showed the positive correlation with partial harvest method. The highest positive correlation was found between the partial harvest method and both equation of Chave …

Go to article

Functional Antagonism Of Wri1 And Tcp20 Modulates Gh3.3 Expression To Maintain Auxin Homeostasis In Roots, Que Kong, Pui Man Low, Audrey R. Q. Lim, Yuzhou Yang, Ling Yuan, Wei Ma Feb 2022

Functional Antagonism Of Wri1 And Tcp20 Modulates Gh3.3 Expression To Maintain Auxin Homeostasis In Roots, Que Kong, Pui Man Low, Audrey R. Q. Lim, Yuzhou Yang, Ling Yuan, Wei Ma

Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center Faculty Publications

Auxin is a well-studied phytohormone, vital for diverse plant developmental processes. The GH3 genes are one of the major auxin responsive genes, whose expression changes lead to modulation of plant development and auxin homeostasis. However, the transcriptional regulation of these GH3 genes remains largely unknown. WRI1 is an essential transcriptional regulator governing plant fatty acid biosynthesis. Recently, we identified that the expression of GH3.3 is increased in the roots of wri1-1 mutant. Nevertheless, in this study we found that AtWRI1 did not activate or repress the promoter of GH3.3 (proGH3.3) despite of its binding to proGH3.3. Cross-family …

Go to article

Prostacyclin Promotes Degenerative Pathology In A Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Tasha R. Womack, Craig T. Vollert, Odochi Ohia-Nwoko, Monika Schmitt, Saghi Montazari, Tina L. Beckett, David Mayerich, M. Paul Murphy, Jason L. Eriksen Feb 2022

Prostacyclin Promotes Degenerative Pathology In A Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Tasha R. Womack, Craig T. Vollert, Odochi Ohia-Nwoko, Monika Schmitt, Saghi Montazari, Tina L. Beckett, David Mayerich, M. Paul Murphy, Jason L. Eriksen

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is the most common form of dementia in aged populations. A substantial amount of data demonstrates that chronic neuroinflammation can accelerate neurodegenerative pathologies. In AD, chronic neuroinflammation results in the upregulation of cyclooxygenase and increased production of prostaglandin H2, a precursor for many vasoactive prostanoids. While it is well-established that many prostaglandins can modulate the progression of neurodegenerative disorders, the role of prostacyclin (PGI2) in the brain is poorly understood. We have conducted studies to assess the effect of elevated prostacyclin biosynthesis in a mouse model of AD. Upregulated prostacyclin expression …

Go to article

Race And Ethnic Group Dependent Space Radiation Cancer Risk Predictions, Francis A. Cucinotta, Premkumar B. Saganti Feb 2022

Race And Ethnic Group Dependent Space Radiation Cancer Risk Predictions, Francis A. Cucinotta, Premkumar B. Saganti

Health Physics and Diagnostic Sciences Faculty Research

Future space missions by national space agencies and private industry, including space tourism, will include a diverse makeup of crewmembers with extensive variability in age, sex, and race or ethnic groups. The relative risk (RR) model is used to transfer epidemiology data between populations to estimate radiation risks. In the RR model cancer risk is assumed to be proportional to background cancer rates and limited by other causes of death, which are dependent on genetic, environmental and dietary factors that are population dependent. Here we apply the NSCR-2020 model to make the first predictions of age dependent space radiation cancer …

Go to article

Temperature-Induced Multi-Species Cohort Effects In Sympatric Snakes, Richard B. King Feb 2022

Temperature-Induced Multi-Species Cohort Effects In Sympatric Snakes, Richard B. King

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

In reptiles, reproductive maturity is often determined by size rather than age. Consequently, growth early in life may influence population dynamics through effects on generation time and survival to reproduction. Because reproductive phenology and pre- and post-natal growth are temperature dependent, environmental conditions may induce multi-species cohort effects on body size in sympatric reptiles. I present evidence of this using 10 years of neonatal size data for three sympatric viviparous snakes, Dekay's Brown snakes (Storeria dekayi), Red-bellied Snakes (S. occipitomaculata), and Common Garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis). End-of-season neonatal size varied in parallel across species such that snout–vent length was 36%–61% …

Go to article

To Better Engage Students, Instructors Should Create Lab Exercises With Real-World Examples., Autumn Kelsch Feb 2022

To Better Engage Students, Instructors Should Create Lab Exercises With Real-World Examples., Autumn Kelsch

Research on Capitol Hill

USU senior Autumn studies biology here in Logan and led and funded this project herself through a student grant. ‘Elementary Microbiology’ is a required course for many medical fields, and traditionally relies on several pre-determined research projects in class. However, educators suggest that students gain more from open-ended projects where the answer is unknown and the students’ findings contribute to our knowledge on the subject. When Autumn was hired as a teaching assistant for this course at USU, she developed and created a project where students look for bacteria in soil samples that may help fight infections. She now hopes …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last