Life Sciences Commons^™

The Dynamics Of Bay Anchovy In The Hudson River Estuary: Process-Oriented Studies And Long-Term Changes, Eric T. Schultz, Kamazima M. M. Lwiza, John R. Young, Kyle J. Hartman, R. C. Tipton

EEB Articles

We review three areas of recent research on Hudson River bay anchovy. One focus has been the along-estuary movement of early life stages. A cohort analysis of samples collected in a spatiotemporally extensive monitoring program has confirmed that early-stage anchovy migrate up-estuary, at an estimated rate of 0.6 km/d. Complementary fine-scale field sampling was designed to clarify behaviors that effect the migration. This work found that early-stage anchovy can show preferences for depth and can conduct periodic vertical migration. To determine whether these behaviors were sufficient to produce up-estuary migration, larval flux and velocity were estimated. These estimates were consistent …

Nroc Coordination And Program Delivery, Frank Mitchell, Amanda Stone

PREP Reports & Publications

The primary goal of the Natural Resources Outreach Coalition (NROC) program is to provide education and outreach to communities in the NH Coastal Watersheds that are dealing with the effects of growth, and looking for ways to conserve open spaces and natural resources. Program objectives to meet this goal include: 1. NROC and client communities determine natural resource concerns of the communities. 2. NROC and client communities gather community information about these concerns 3. NROC develops and client communities host community presentations about natural resource-based planning. 4. Communities receive follow up technical and educational assistance as requested. In 2005, NROC …

Large-Scale, Manipulative Field Tests Involving Cultured And Wild Juveniles Of The Soft-Shell Clam, Brian F. Beal

PREP Reports & Publications

A series of field experiments to assess the efficacy of enhancing intertidal areas with cultured clam (Mya arenaria L.) seed (mean shell length [SL] = 7-10 mm) was conducted at Willows Flat, Hampton, New Hampshire from November 2004 to May 2005 and from June - October 2005. The first trial examined the interactive effects of size of planting area (4, 8, 12, 18 m2) and predator deterrent netting (none, 4.2 mm, and 6.4 mm aperture [flexible, plastic netting]) on clam growth and survival at one intertidal location. The second trial examined the effect of predator deterrent netting on clam growth …

Shellfish Tissue Monitoring In New Hampshire Estuaries 2003 And 2004, Phil Trowbridge

PREP Reports & Publications

The goal of this project was to provide data for two NHEP indicators of estuarine condition: TOX1 and TOX3. These two indicators report on “Shellfish tissue concentrations relative to FDA standards” and “Trends in shellfish tissue contaminant concentrations”, respectively. Both of these indicators depend on data from the Gulfwatch Program. In particular, TOX3 requires annual data at benchmark sites to assess trends. In 2003 and 2004, the NHEP supported the collection and analysis of tissue samples from benchmark sites in Portsmouth Harbor, Hampton-Seabrook Harbor and Dover Point.

Lake Mead National Recreation Area Vegetation Monitoring And Management: Quarterly Progress Report, Period Ending December 31, 2005, Margaret N. Rees

Vegetation Monitoring

Executive Summary

• Required reports on sticky buckwheat (Eriogonum viscidulum) and threecorner milkvetch (Astragalus geyeri var. triquetrus) to be submitted through appropriate protocols by December 30, 2005
• Summary report on several other rare plants to be submitted through appropriate protocols by December 30, 2005
• Invasive perennial pepperweed (also called tall whitetop; Lepidium latifolium) documented and treated by Weed Sentry within Black Canyon, Lake Mojave

Lake Mead National Recreation Area Sensitive Wildlife Species Monitoring And Analysis: Quarterly Progress Report, Period Ending December 31, 2005, Margaret N. Rees

Wildlife Monitoring

• Topsoil replacement monitored at Willow Beach Wastewater Rehabilitation Project
• Desert tortoise surveys and monitoring conducted for Northshore Road reconstruction projects, and desert tortoise training provided to 9 construction contractors.
• Field work associated with the project to remove desert tortoise radio transmitters from animals on Mormon Mesa completed.
• Weekly data processing for Desert Bighorn Sheep monitoring associated with the Hoover Dam Bypass Project continued.
• Fall field surveys for relict leopard frogs completed (11 sites surveyed); last of this year’s head-started animals released; RLFCT meeting held.
• Work started on a digital database (GIS) of Peregrine falcon observations.
• Monthly shorebird surveys conducted (22 …

Chemical Constitutents And Cytotoxicity Of Some Tanzanian Wild Mushrooms, V. Nyigo, L. D. Baraza, M. H. H. Nkunya, S. J. M. Mdachi, C. C. Joseph, A. Waziri

Tanzania Journal of Science

The sterol ergosterol and ergosta-4,22-diene-3β,7α-diol, together with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde were isolated from the mushroom species Polyporus molluscensis, Cantharellus isabelinus, C. symoensii and a Podaxis species. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data. The ethanol extracts of mushroom samples of Agaricus sp. and Termitomyces letestui also showed cytotoxicity against the brine shrimp larvae.

Influence Of Fructose On The Mechanisms For Ethanol-Induced Hypertriglyceridaemia, I. Onyesom

Tanzania Journal of Science

Twelve adult albino rabbits with an average weight of 1.42 kg were purchased and divided equally into the normal saline, ethanol and ethanol+fructose-treated groups. The ethanol-treated group orally received 1.5 g (40%) ethanol/kg body weight as single daily dose, while the ethanol +fructose-treated animals also received the same ethanol dose, but were given in addition, 0.25 gfructose/kg body weight after about 10 min of the ethanol administration. The normal saline-treated rabbits were given the equivalent amount of normal saline in lieu of ethanol. The animals were exposed to these various treatments along with their usual feeding pattern for a regular …

Use Of Hot Air Engine To Generate Electricity From Biogas: A Critique For Rural Development In Tanzania, L. L. N. Mkiramweni, P. Msaki, I. B. Mshoro

Tanzania Journal of Science

Rural electrification has high national priority because of several reasons. First, more than 90 per cent of the populations in Tanzania have no access to grid electricity and about 80% of this population lives in rural areas. Second, the poverty alleviation projects demand the incorporation of use of electricity in different economic projects. Third, a combination of high prices of fuel and environmental degradation and deforestation demand use of alternative renewable energy sources. The aim of this paper is to give a critical review and selected a suitable renewable energy by considering its ability to provide affordable, reliable and adequate …

Assessment Of Anti-Poaching Effort In Ruaha National Park, Tanzania, C. L. Nahonyo

Tanzania Journal of Science

Anti-poaching effort in Ruaha National Park for the period between January 1996 to June 1999 was evaluated in terms of strength, frequency and duration of patrols, area covered and success of patrols. It was found that the park spent 72.4 US$ km-2 year-1 on law enforcement. There were 72 rangers each required to patrol on the average 143 km2. A total of 1,255 patrols were conducted; patrols ranged from 14 to 43 trips per month and each lasted between 1 to 25 days and most were foot and vehicle patrols. Patrol units had 2 to 11 rangers while the average …

Performance Of A Sisal Fibre Fixed-Bed Anaerobic Digester For Biogas Production From Sisal Pulp Waste, A. Mshandete, A. K. Kivaisi, M. S. T. Rubindamayugi, L. Björnsson, B. Mattiasson

Tanzania Journal of Science

A single stage anaerobic digester employing a sisal fibre waste fixed bed was studied for biogas production from sisal pulp waste. The fibre was colonized by microorganisms involved in biogas production. The sisal pulp waste to be digested was fed from the top and was sprinkled intermittently with recirculating leachate from the material. Organic loading rates of 0.1-10 kg volatile solids (VS) m-3d-1 could be applied and methane yields in the range of 0.13-0.48 m3 CH4 kg-1 VS added were obtained. The average methane content in the biogas produced from sisal pulp waste was 55%, and the biogas production rate …

Results Of The Alcoa Foundation-Suriname Expeditions. Xiv. Mammals Of Brownsberg Nature Park, Suriname, Burton K. Lim, Mark D. Engstrom, Hugh H. Genoways, François M. Catzeflis, Kelly A. Fitzgerald, Sandra L. Peters, Marijem Djosetro, Sandra Brandon, Sutrisno Mitro

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

An inventory of mammals in the vicinity of Brownsberg Nature Park, Suriname, incorporated a number of different sampling methods including examining museum voucher specimens, an animal-rescue operation, transect surveys, camera photo-traps, and interviews with local inhabitants. We document a total of 125 mammal species present in the Park. These include ten opossums, five pilosans, four armadillos, 58 bats, eight monkeys, 13 carnivores, one tapir, four artiodactyls, and 22 rodents. Nine of these species are reported for the first time from Suriname: one mouse opossum (Marmosops pinheiroi); one naked-backed moustached bat (Pteronotus gymnonotus); four fruit-eating bats ( …

Smokejumper Obituary: Christler, Mel (Pilot 0000), National Smokejumper Association

Smokejumper Obituaries

No abstract provided.

Nhep Support For Des Shellfish Program 2005, Mark R. Wiley, Ann S. Reid

PREP Reports & Publications

For the past three years, Great Bay Coast Watch (GBCW) volunteers have provided the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (NHDES) Shellfish Program with significant assistance in performing tasks necessary in managing shellfish resources for human safety. This report describes a continuation of this mutually beneficial partnership.

Smokejumper Obituary: Looper, Orville C. (Cave Junction 1949), National Smokejumper Association

Smokejumper Obituaries

No abstract provided.

Tracking Changes In Bioavailable Fe Within High-Nitrate Low-Chlorophyll Oceanic Waters: A First Estimate Using A Heterotrophic Bacterial Bioreporter, Robert Michael Mckay, C. E. Mioni, S. M. Handy, M. J. Ellwood, M. R. Twiss, P. W. Boyd, S. W. Wilhelm

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

It is conventional knowledge that heterotrophic bacteria play a key role in the biogeochemical cycling of oceanic carbon. However, only recently has their role in marine iron ( Fe) biogeochemical cycles been examined. Research during this past decade has demonstrated an inextricable link between Fe chemistry and the biota, as >99% of Fe in marine systems is complexed to organic chelates of unknown but obviously biotic origin. Here we present a novel approach to assess and compare Fe bioavailability in low Fe HNLC waters using a bioluminescent bacterial reporter that quantitatively responds to the concentration of bioavailable Fe by producing …

Distribution Of Foraging Shearwaters Relative To Inner Front Of Se Bering Sea, J. Jahncke, K. O. Coyle, Stephan I. Zeeman, N. B. Kachel, G. L. Hunt Jr.

Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

We examined the hypothesis that short-tailed shearwaters Puffinus tenuirostris aggregate to forage at the inner front of the SE Bering Sea because of enhanced production there. We tested this hypothesis by comparing primary production, the distribution of euphausiids and the distribution of shearwaters relative to the front during late spring and late summer/early fall of 1997, 1998 and 1999. We found enhanced primary production at the front and offshore of the front during summer but not during spring. Primary production varied between seasons and years. Major differences were related to anomalous conditions in 1997 and 1998. The density of euphausiids …

Sequencing Of Aspergillus Nidulans And Comparative Analysis With A. Fumigatus And A. Oryzae, James E. Galagan, Sarah E. Calvo, Christina Cuomo, Li-Jun Ma, Jennifer R. Wortman, Serafim Batzoglou, Su-In Lee, Meray Baştürkmen, Christina C. Spevak, Vladimir Kapitonov, Jerzy Jurka, Claudio Scazzocchio, Mark Farman, Jonathan Butler, Seth Purcell, Steven D. Harris, Gerhard H. Braus, Oliver Draht, Silke Busch, Christophe D'Enfert, Christiane Bouchier, Gustavo H. Goldman, Deborah Bell-Pedersen, Sam Griffiths-Jones, John H. Doonan, Jaehyuk Yu, Kay Vienken, Arnab Pain, Michael Freitag, Eric U. Selker, David B. Archer, Miguel Á. Peñalva, Berl R. Oakley, Michelle Momany, Toshihiro Tanaka, Toshitaka Kumagai, Kiyoshi Asai, Masayuki Machida, William C. Nierman, David W. Denning, Mark Caddick, Michael Hynes, Mathieu Paoletti, Reinhard Fischer, Bruce Miller, Paul Dyer, Matthew S. Sachs, Stephen A. Osmani, Bruce W. Birren

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The aspergilli comprise a diverse group of filamentous fungi spanning over 200 million years of evolution. Here we report the genome sequence of the model organism Aspergillus nidulans, and a comparative study with Aspergillus fumigatus, a serious human pathogen, and Aspergillus oryzae, used in the production of sake, miso, and soy sauce. Our analysis of genome structure provided a quantitative evaluation of forces driving long-term eukaryotic genome evolution. It also led to an experimentally validated model of mating-type locus evolution, suggesting the potential for sexual reproduction in A. fumigatus and A. oryzae. Our analysis of sequence …

Bayesian Analysis Of Cell-Cycle Gene Expression Data, Chuan Zhou, Jon Wakefield, Linda Breeden

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

The study of the cell-cycle is important in order to aid in our understanding of the basic mechanisms of life, yet progress has been slow due to the complexity of the process and our lack of ability to study it at high resolution. Recent advances in microarray technology have enabled scientists to study the gene expression at the genome-scale with a manageable cost, and there has been an increasing effort to identify cell-cycle regulated genes. In this chapter, we discuss the analysis of cell-cycle gene expression data, focusing on a model-based Bayesian approaches. The majority of the models we describe …

Impact Of Phytoplankton On The Biogeochemical Cycling Of Iron In Subantarctic Waters Southeast Of New Zealand During Fecycle, Robert Michael Mckay, S. W. Wilhelm, J. Hall, D. A. Hutchins, M. M. D. Al-R Shaidat, C. E. Mioni, S. Pickmere, D. Porta, P. W. Boyd

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

During austral summer 2003, we tracked a patch of surface water infused with the tracer sulfur hexafluoride, but without addition of Fe, through subantarctic waters over 10 days in order to characterize and quantify algal Fe pools and fluxes to construct a detailed biogeochemical budget. Nutrient profiles characterized this patch as a high-nitrate, low-silicic acid, low-chlorophyll (HNLSiLC) water mass deficient in dissolved Fe. The low Fe condition was confirmed by several approaches: shipboard iron enrichment experiments and physiological indices of Fe deficiency (F(v)/F(m) < 0.25, Ferredoxin Index < 0.2). During FeCycle, picophytoplankton (0.2-2 mu m) and nanophytoplankton (2-20 mu m) each contributed >40% of total chlorophyll. Whereas the picophytoplankton accounted for similar to 50% of total primary production, they …

The New Challenges To The International Patentability Of Biotechnology: Legal Relations Between The Wto Treaty On Trade-Related Aspects Of Intellectual Property Rights And The Convention On Biological Diversity, Jonathan Curci

Brigham Young University International Law & Management Review

No abstract provided.

Northeast Research Station Watertown, South Dakota Annual Progress Report, 2005, Agricultural Experiment Station, Plant Science Department

Agricultural Experiment Station and Research Farm Annual Reports

This is the 2005 annual progress report for the Northeast Research Station in Watertown, South Dakota. This report is issued by the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and the South Dakota State University Plant Science Department. This report includes weather data, yield comparisons, crop performance trials, corn trials, soybean trials, winter wheat performance testing, Barley Foliar information, weed and pest control, herbicide demonstrations, canola and flax variety trials and more.

Mechanomyographic Amplitude And Frequency Responses During Dynamic Muscle Actions: A Comprehensive Review, Travis W. Beck, Terry J. Housh, Joel T. Cramer, Joseph P. Weir, Glen O. Johnson, Jared W. Coburn, Moh H. Malek, Michelle Mielke

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this review is to examine the literature that has investigated mechanomyographic (MMG) amplitude and frequency responses during dynamic muscle actions. To date, the majority of MMG research has focused on isometric muscle actions. Recent studies, however, have examined the MMG time and/or frequency domain responses during various types of dynamic activities, including dynamic constant external resistance (DCER) and isokinetic muscle actions, as well as cycle ergometry. Despite the potential influences of factors such as changes in muscle length and the thickness of the tissue between the muscle and the MMG sensor, there is convincing evidence that during …

Northeast Research Station Watertown, South Dakota Annual Progress Report, 2004, Agricultural Experiment Station, Plant Science Department

Agricultural Experiment Station and Research Farm Annual Reports

This is the 2004 annual progress report for the Northeast Research Station in Watertown, South Dakota. This report is issued by the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and the South Dakota State University Plant Science Department. This report includes weather data, yield comparisons, crop performance trials, corn trials, soybean trials, winter wheat performance testing, Barley Foliar information, weed and pest control, herbicide demonstrations, canola and flax variety trials and more.

A Profile Of Strength And Conditioning Coaches At National Collegiate Athletic Association Division Ii And Iii Member Institutions., Leonard Haggerty

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purposes of this study were to compile demographic characteristics, educational backgrounds, coaching experiences, and duties of strength and conditioning (STC) coaches at NCAA Division II and III institutions, and compare the profile of Division II and III STC coaches to the Martinez (2004) study of Division I-A STC coaches. NCAA Division II and Division III athletic personnel (N=578) received an electronic survey for this study. The return rate from Division II and Division III STC coaches were as follows: Division II, 23 responses (n=175), Division III, 34 responses (n=403). Descriptive statistics were used …

Ranging Patterns And Habitat Utilization Of Northern River Otters, Lontra Canadensis, In Missouri: Implications For The Conservation Of A Reintroduced Species, Deborah Dorothy Boege-Tobin

Dissertations

I studied the spacing patterns and habitat utilization by reintroduced northern river otters, Lontra canadensis, at two sites in Missouri because previous studies of otters indicate, plasticity of a species social structure will likely be due to the tactics employed in acquiring resources in any given area. Seven hypotheses were tested by employing radio-tracking, habitat assessment and geographic information system approaches: (1) home range (HR) and core area (CA) size differ by sex; (2) HR and CA size differ in breeding vs. non-breeding seasons; (3) percent range overlap differs by sex; (4) habitat utilization, as indicated by latrine use, …

Evidence For Direct Roles Of Two Additional Factors, Secp43 And Soluble Liver Antigen, In The Selenoprotein Synthesis Machinery, Xue-Ming Xu, Heiko Mix, Bradley A. Carlson, Paula J. Grabowski, Vadim N. Gladyshev, Marla J. Berry, Dolph L. Hatfield

Vadim Gladyshev Publications

Selenocysteine (Sec) is inserted into selenoproteins co-translationally with the help of various cis- and trans-acting factors. The specific mechanisms of Sec biosynthesis and insertion into protein in eukaryotic cells, however, are not known. Two proteins, SECp43 and the soluble liver antigen (SLA), were previously reported to interact with tRNA ^[Ser]Sec, but their functions remained elusive. Herein, we report that knockdown of SECp43 in NIH3T3 or TCMK-1 cells using RNA interference technology resulted in a reduction in the level of methylation at the 2’-hydroxylribosyl moiety in the wobble position (Um34) of Sec tRNA ^[Ser]Sec, and consequently reduced glutathione peroxidase …

The Use Of Antibiotic Resistance Profiles To Access The Source Of Fecal Contamination In The Rowan County, Kentucky Watershed, Logan Harrison Burns

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Science and Technology at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Logan Harrison Burns on December 15, 2005.

Central Crops And Soils Research Station Highmore, South Dakota: Annual Progress Report, 2005, Agricultural Experiment Station, Plant Science Department

Agricultural Experiment Station and Research Farm Annual Reports

This is the 2005 progress report for the Central Crops and Soils Research Station at Highmore, South Dakota State College. This document represents the research conducted at the Station during the 2005 crop season including: temperature and precipitation data, field evaluations of woody plant materials, alfalfa production, winter wheat breeding, oat research, resistance of sunflower germplasm to the red sunflower seed weevil, weed control, fertilizer and soil test effects on soybeans, small grain variety performance trials, evaluation of native and naturalized grasses for reduced-input turf in the Northern Plains, and the Highmore drip irrigation study final report.

Short-Amplitude High-Frequency Wing Strokes Determine The Aerodynamics Of Honeybee Flight, Douglas L. Altshuler, William B. Dickson, Jason T. Vance, Stephen P. Roberts, Michael H. Dickinson

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Most Insects Are Thought to Fly by Creating a Leading-Edge Vortex that Remains Attached to the Wing as It Translates through a Stroke. in the Species Examined So Far, Stroke Amplitude is Large, and Most of the Aerodynamic Force is Produced Halfway through a Stroke When Translation Velocities Are Highest. Here We Demonstrate that Honeybees Use an Alternative Strategy, Hovering with Relatively Low Stroke Amplitude (≈90°) and High Wingbeat Frequency (≈230 Hz). When Measured on a Dynamically Scaled Robot, the Kinematics of Honeybee Wings Generate Prominent Force Peaks during the Beginning, Middle, and End of Each Stroke, Indicating the Importance …