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Articles 26551 - 26580 of 255945

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

A Dose-Response Study To Examine Paraxanthine's Impact On Energy Expenditure, Hunger, Appetite, And Lipolysis, Kristen N. Gross, Leah E. Allen, Anthony M. Hagele, Joesi M. Krieger, Paige J. Sutton, Esther Duncan, Petey W. Mumford, Ralf Jäger, Martin Purpura, Chad M. Kerksick May 2024

A Dose-Response Study To Examine Paraxanthine's Impact On Energy Expenditure, Hunger, Appetite, And Lipolysis, Kristen N. Gross, Leah E. Allen, Anthony M. Hagele, Joesi M. Krieger, Paige J. Sutton, Esther Duncan, Petey W. Mumford, Ralf Jäger, Martin Purpura, Chad M. Kerksick

Faculty Scholarship

This study investigated if paraxanthine (PX) impacts energy expenditure, lipolysis and perceptual responses. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover fashion, 21 adults (13 M, 8 F; 26.0 ± 6.4 years, 174.9 ± 11.5 cm, 81.0 ± 15.7 kg body mass, 26.3 ± 3.4 kg/m2) consumed a placebo (PLA), 100 mg (PX100), 200 mg (PX200), and 300 mg of PX (PX300, enfinity®, Ingenious Ingredients, L.P. Lewisville, TX, USA). Venous blood was collected 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min (min) after ingestion and analyzed for glycerol and free fatty acids. Resting hemodynamics, metabolic rate and perceptual indicators of hunger, appetite …

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Assessment Of Culture Media Conditions For Bacteria/Macrophages Co-Cultures, Sage M. Luebbert May 2024

Assessment Of Culture Media Conditions For Bacteria/Macrophages Co-Cultures, Sage M. Luebbert

Chemistry & Biochemistry Undergraduate Honors Theses

Co-cultures are utilized as a tool in biology to measure immune responses to pathogens. This method involves a coordinated reaction between two populations, a bacterial biofilm of S.aureus and macrophages derived from THP-1 cells. The current state of the art prevents the continuous supply of nutrients and removal of waste products which causes macrophage death. This limits the time to collect samples and therefore the ability to measure proteins within the innate immune response. The time constraint is a major issue for long term co-culturing. This thesis aims to optimize the co-culturing process by developing a two-pump system to …

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Response Of Fish Assemblages To Increased Connectivity And Habitat Restoration In Bayou St. John, A Degraded Waterway In New Orleans, La, Alia Jones May 2024

Response Of Fish Assemblages To Increased Connectivity And Habitat Restoration In Bayou St. John, A Degraded Waterway In New Orleans, La, Alia Jones

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

Bayou St. John is a degraded waterway located within the City of New Orleans. The Bayou, which is disconnected from Lake Pontchartrain by floodgates, has undergone restoration efforts to improve connectivity through frequent floodgate openings and marsh habitat restoration outside of the floodgates. To assess possible responses of local fish assemblages to these restoration efforts, I analyzed long-term fish assemblage data from three sites located inside of the floodgates and one site located at the restored marsh outside of the floodgates. Two sites inside of the floodgates experienced significant changes in assemblages between the pre-opening period (2006-2012) and post-opening period …

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Changes In Zooplankton Community Structure In A Wetland Metacommunity Following Homogenization From Flooding, Kevin Peteroy May 2024

Changes In Zooplankton Community Structure In A Wetland Metacommunity Following Homogenization From Flooding, Kevin Peteroy

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Wetlands in urban areas provide ecosystem services that benefit the environment and society. Through these services, wetlands are able to help mitigate consequences of human activities such as flooding by increasing permeable surface coverage and contaminant filtering from polluted runoff. One such type of wetland, vernal pools, provide important temporary habitat for many organisms, including myriad zooplankton species. For planktonic organisms, flooding events might be disruptive or allow them to disperse to areas that would be otherwise inaccessible. I observed changing abiotic conditions and zooplankton communities in 20 vernal pools at a wetland in Wayne, New Jersey, USA over a …

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Breeding And Morphometric Trends In A New Jersey Population Of American Kestrels (Falco Sparverius), David Michael Walker May 2024

Breeding And Morphometric Trends In A New Jersey Population Of American Kestrels (Falco Sparverius), David Michael Walker

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Declining populations often undergo changes in reproduction and/or body size linked to reductions in resource abundance or quality. American Kestrels have been exhibiting long-term declines throughout their North American range. Several studies have examined these declines through the use of nest box programs, migration surveys, the USGS Breeding Bird survey, and the National Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count. Using the nest box surveys, researchers are able to collect detailed morphometric and breeding data about breeding populations. Here we present data from a northwestern New Jersey nest box program, 1997 through 2023, reporting the trends in the reproductive output and the …

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Limited Interspecific Gene Flow In The Evolutionary History Of The Icefish Genus Chionodraco, Luca Schiavon, Santiago G. Ceballos, Michael Matschiner, Emiliano Trucchi, Mario La Mesa, Emilio Riginella, Magnus Lucassen, Felix C. Mark, Kevin Bilyk, Rafaella Franch, Andreas Wallberg, Elisa Boscari, Lorenzo Zane, Chiara Papetti May 2024

Limited Interspecific Gene Flow In The Evolutionary History Of The Icefish Genus Chionodraco, Luca Schiavon, Santiago G. Ceballos, Michael Matschiner, Emiliano Trucchi, Mario La Mesa, Emilio Riginella, Magnus Lucassen, Felix C. Mark, Kevin Bilyk, Rafaella Franch, Andreas Wallberg, Elisa Boscari, Lorenzo Zane, Chiara Papetti

Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Hybridization and introgression are recognized as mechanisms promoting genetic variability during evolutionary radiations. We examined the impact of introgression in the process of speciation, focusing on the Antarctic icefish genus Chionodraco. Our analyses confirmed that the three Chionodraco species (Chionodraco hamatus, Chionodraco myersi, and Chionodraco rastrospinosus) were genetically distinctive, despite signals of past interspecific gene flow between C. hamatus and C. myersi that likely occurred during interglacial periods. However, in this study, no recent hybrids were identified. The lack of contemporary hybridization may be due to life-history traits and the type of marker used in the analysis. Our study emphasizes …

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The Role Of Oncomodulin In The Central Nervous System Inflammation, Evan Paltjon May 2024

The Role Of Oncomodulin In The Central Nervous System Inflammation, Evan Paltjon

Honors Theses

Acoustic overexposure in mice leads to an excess of calcium influx in outer hair cells (OHCs) and causes permanent hearing loss due to death of OHCs. Oncomodulin is a parvalbumin calcium buffering protein located in OHCs of the cochlea. Early pilot studies indicate that genetic deletion of OCM results in immune-related pathology throughout the cochlea. Why and how this occurs is unknown. Studies in wild type (WT) and OCM knockout (KO) mice demonstrate greater numbers of immune cells are associated with noise exposure in an OCM knockout than in WT. Expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) leads to the recruitment …

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Full Issue, Volume 12, Number 1, Donna J. Peterson, Scott Cummings May 2024

Full Issue, Volume 12, Number 1, Donna J. Peterson, Scott Cummings

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

No abstract provided.

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A Survey Of The Biodiversity And Phylogeny Of Pucciniales Collected In Puerto Rico, Catherine Liana Rock May 2024

A Survey Of The Biodiversity And Phylogeny Of Pucciniales Collected In Puerto Rico, Catherine Liana Rock

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Rust fungi (Pucciniales) are a diverse group of fungi belonging to the phylum Basidiomycota. Rusts are obligate biotrophic parasites that infect vascular plants many of which have economic and agricultural importance such as legumes, wheat, and coffee crops (Helfer, 2013, Kolmer et al., 2009). In tropical regions of the world, only about 3-4% of the estimated Pucciniales species diversity is known (Piepenbring et al., 2011). This study aims to determine phylogenetic groupings of Pucciniales collected in Puerto Rico using molecular data and to compare this data to rust species previously identified in Cuba, a closely related tropical location in terms …

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Investigating And Modeling The Rate Of Syncytia Formation In Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Rsv), Emily Hope Landwehr May 2024

Investigating And Modeling The Rate Of Syncytia Formation In Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Rsv), Emily Hope Landwehr

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common virus that infects humans and causes a range of symptoms similar to a common cold. Severe cases result in pneumonia and hospitalization. A critical mechanism for RSV spread is lateral cell-cell transmission that can result in the formation of multinucleated syncytia, a single cell containing multiple nuclei. Syncytia formation is known to influence RSV transmission in vitro. Previous studies have contributed to the development of a current viral kinetic model that shows a representation for the progression of viral infections. A limitation to this model is that it does not account for syncytia …

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Exploring Immune Related Alterations In Ops/Bin2 Interactions And Investigating Tcp8 Localization Patterns To Enhance Understanding Of The Brassinosteroid Signaling Pathway, Maura Adare Donnelly May 2024

Exploring Immune Related Alterations In Ops/Bin2 Interactions And Investigating Tcp8 Localization Patterns To Enhance Understanding Of The Brassinosteroid Signaling Pathway, Maura Adare Donnelly

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway is vital in regulating development and stress response in plants. The hormone BR binds a receptor kinase at the plasma membrane forming a receptor complex, causing an intracellular signal transduction carried out through protein interactions within the pathway. These interactions allow for transcription factors to bind to and regulate BR regulated genes within the nuclei; this is important as their expression is important for growth and development. The project's proteins of interest, including Arabidopsis thaliana proteins OPS and BIN2, along with transcription factors TCP8 and BZR2, are involved in these pathway interactions. Recent research has …

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Tpm^Ph Derivative Of Tungsten; Hydrogen-Bonding In 7-Coordinate Cation Complex, Olivia Ryon Simcox May 2024

Tpm^Ph Derivative Of Tungsten; Hydrogen-Bonding In 7-Coordinate Cation Complex, Olivia Ryon Simcox

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Tpm^Ph, or tris(3-phenylpyrazolyl)methane reacts with tungsten hexacarbonyl to form the ligand-metal complex tris(3-phenylpyrazolyl)methane tungsten tricarbonyl, or Tpm^PhW(CO)3. The further complexes of Tpm^PhW(CO)3 and Tpm^PhMo(CO)3 are not known. This project aims to explore how the addition of a phenyl substituent to the pyrazole ring on Tpm impacts the synthesis of [Tpm^PhW(CO)3I]+X– and [Tpm^PhW(CO)3H]+X–. The inclusion of this phenyl substituent may impact the possible hydrogen bonding of then hydrogen contained in the carbon-hydrogen bond. This work aims to explore the extent of hydrogen-bonding of the carbon-hydrogen bond of the Tpm^Ph ligand in cationic metal complexes.

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Effects Of Peri-Castration Pain Management Strategies On Feed And Water Intake, Performance, And Blood Cortisol Levels Of Weaned Beef Steers, Andrea K. Brandner, Cody L. Wright, Ana Clara B. Menezes May 2024

Effects Of Peri-Castration Pain Management Strategies On Feed And Water Intake, Performance, And Blood Cortisol Levels Of Weaned Beef Steers, Andrea K. Brandner, Cody L. Wright, Ana Clara B. Menezes

Animal Science Research Report 2024

No abstract provided.

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Magnetic Three-Dimensional Graphene: A Superior Absorbent For Selective And Sensitive Determination Of Nitrite In Water Samples By Ion-Pair Based-Surfactant-Assisted Solid-Phase Extraction Combined With Spectrophotometry, Mina Vasheghani Farahani, Sajad Karami, Hassan Sereshti, Shokouh Mahpishanian, Somayeh Koupaei Malek, Shahabaldin Rezania May 2024

Magnetic Three-Dimensional Graphene: A Superior Absorbent For Selective And Sensitive Determination Of Nitrite In Water Samples By Ion-Pair Based-Surfactant-Assisted Solid-Phase Extraction Combined With Spectrophotometry, Mina Vasheghani Farahani, Sajad Karami, Hassan Sereshti, Shokouh Mahpishanian, Somayeh Koupaei Malek, Shahabaldin Rezania

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Student Research

A straightforward, fast and efficient analytical method was developed which utilizes a magnetic composite called three-dimensional graphene (3D-G@Fe3O4) as an adsorbent to recover nitrite ions (NO2–) from environmental water samples. The investigation into the synthesized adsorbent contained an examination of its morphology, chemical composition, structural attributes, and magnetic properties. This comprehensive analysis was conducted using various instrumental techniques, including Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The adsorbent surface was activated by adding cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to the …

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Effect Of Short-Term Exposure To Pesticide Mixture On Tissue Architecture, Body Fluid Conditions, Nitrative Stress And Osmoregulation Of American Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica, Asif Ahmed May 2024

Effect Of Short-Term Exposure To Pesticide Mixture On Tissue Architecture, Body Fluid Conditions, Nitrative Stress And Osmoregulation Of American Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica, Asif Ahmed

Theses and Dissertations

Pesticides are used widely to control weeds and pests in agricultural settings but harm non-target aquatic organisms. We examined the effect of short-term exposure (one week) to pesticide mixtures (low dose: 0.5 μg/L Roundup®, 0.5 μg/L 2,4-D, and 0.4 μg/L atrazine; high dose: 1 μg/L Roundup®, 1 μg/L 2,4-D, and 0.8 μg/L atrazine) on American oyster (Crassostrea virginica, an important shellfish and seafood species) under controlled laboratory conditions. Histological analyses demonstrated the atrophy in oysters' gills, digestive glands, and connective tissue. The protein concentrations and glucose levels dropped significantly in the high-dose treatment. The number of hemocytes in connective tissue …

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Thematic Mapping Of Apidae Holdings Within The University Of Arkansas Arthropod Museum, Baylie Lenora Day May 2024

Thematic Mapping Of Apidae Holdings Within The University Of Arkansas Arthropod Museum, Baylie Lenora Day

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses

Museum biological collections store species data that can be utilized in research on biodiversity, environmental change, invasive species, public health, and disease. The University of Arkansas Arthropod Museum, which began in 1905, houses over 750,000 specimens and has not yet been digitized. Making data publicly accessible via the internet makes the data available to the entire scientific community. The goal of this project was to create a digital resource to allow greater access to the University of Arkansas Arthropod Museum holdings. To do so, data from Bombus (bumble bee) and Xylocopa (carpenter bee) specimens were databased in Excel and displayed …

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Effects Of Maternal Infant-Directed Sensory Cues On Early Weaned Piglet Behavior, Mattie Still May 2024

Effects Of Maternal Infant-Directed Sensory Cues On Early Weaned Piglet Behavior, Mattie Still

Animal Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

In the commercial pig production industry, weaning is a stressful time. Stress is related to loss in production due to increased incidence of illness, increased aggression, and reduced rate of gain, which results in economic losses for the producer. The purpose of this continuous behavior study was to explore the effects of provisional own-mother olfactory and auditory stimuli on early weaned piglet behavior and growth. During days 7-14 postpartum, the grunting of 12 individual sows was recorded while their piglets nursed. The audio files were put into a single loop with grunting occurring for 20 minutes followed by 60 minutes …

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Invasive Shrubs Differentially Alter Autumnal Activity For Three Common Small-Mammal Species, Brian M. Connolly, Chad Zirbel, Carson Keller, Mark Fuka, John L. Orrock May 2024

Invasive Shrubs Differentially Alter Autumnal Activity For Three Common Small-Mammal Species, Brian M. Connolly, Chad Zirbel, Carson Keller, Mark Fuka, John L. Orrock

Biology Faculty Scholarship

Seasonal variation in animal activity influences fitness and the intensity of ecological interactions (e.g., competition, predation), yet aspects of global change in the Anthropocene may catalyze shifts in seasonal activity. Invasive plants are components of global change and can modify animal daily activity, but their influence on animal seasonal activity is less understood. We examined how invasive woody shrubs (Autumn olive [Elaeagnus umbellata] and Amur honeysuckle [Lonicera maackii]) affect seasonal activity of three common small-mammal species by coupling experimental shrub removal with autumnal camera trapping for two consecutive years at six paired forest sites (total 12 …

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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation And The Rtpj (Right Teaching Parietal Junction), Molly Skowron May 2024

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation And The Rtpj (Right Teaching Parietal Junction), Molly Skowron

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Theory of Mind (ToM) is conceptualized as the ability to infer the thoughts and feelings of others. Many studies have found that ToM abilities play a central role in collaborative communication between adults, and that teachers are more effective when they have high levels of ToM. One of the main brain regions implicated in ToM is the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ), which is thought to be responsible for evaluating a person’s belief formation process. The current study had participants engage in a Lego model building task consisting of a director who instructed a builder on how to create duplicate models …

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Relationship Between Marine Heatwaves And Diadema Antillarum Settlement In The Florida Keys, David Ogando Jr. May 2024

Relationship Between Marine Heatwaves And Diadema Antillarum Settlement In The Florida Keys, David Ogando Jr.

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Ocean warming can have profound impacts on benthic marine invertebrates through direct physiological effects. Yet, the impacts of ocean warming on the long-spined sea urchin (Diadema antillarum), a keystone grazer on western Atlantic and Caribbean coral reefs, has received little attention. In the summer of 2023, the Caribbean basin experienced a strong marine heatwave event with sea temperatures ~1–3°C above average and the warmest on record in southern Florida. An ongoing field settlement sampling program for D. antillarum in the Florida Keys provided an opportunity to examine the correlative relationship between thermal exposure and larval settlement. Thermal exposure was quantified …

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Forage News [2024-05], University Of Kentucky May 2024

Forage News [2024-05], University Of Kentucky

Forage News

No abstract provided.

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Determining The Roles Of Whib-Like Transcription Factors In Mycobacterium Abscessus, Charity Lynn Mcmanaman May 2024

Determining The Roles Of Whib-Like Transcription Factors In Mycobacterium Abscessus, Charity Lynn Mcmanaman

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Mycobacterium abscessus is a non-tuberculous mycobacteria that causes lung infections or skin and soft tissue infections. M. abscessus is innately resistant to antibiotics, requiring a long multi-antibiotic treatment regimen, with a low 45% cure rate for lung infections. The WhiB-like transcription factors are limited to the actinomycete class, which includes Mycobacteria. These proteins regulate multiple cellular processes, including growth and division, responses to oxidative, nitrosative or pH stress, and antibiotic resistance. Our work describes three WhiB-like transcription factors: WhiB7, which regulates antibiotic resistance, WhiB2, with a role in cell division, and Mab1756, an unstudied regulator similar to WhiB2. We used …

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Comparative Population Genomics Of Bloodstream-Derived Staphylococcus Aureus From Disparate Geographic Origins In The United States, Milan Pfister May 2024

Comparative Population Genomics Of Bloodstream-Derived Staphylococcus Aureus From Disparate Geographic Origins In The United States, Milan Pfister

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Staphylococcus aureus is a commensal and an opportunistic pathogen that causes a variety of diseases in humans, from minor skin and soft tissue infections to life-threatening invasive diseases. The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) complicate treatment options, which can lead to significant morbidity and mortality of patients. In this study, we compared the clonal lineages and genomic features of bloodstream-derived S. aureus populations from different locations. We leveraged 957 previously published genomes derived from bloodstream infections across six hospitals located in Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, and New York, USA. We carried out pan-genome analysis, …

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Development Of Selective Rna Aptamers For Kainate Receptors, Samantha Ingenito May 2024

Development Of Selective Rna Aptamers For Kainate Receptors, Samantha Ingenito

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) play a major role in mediating the excitatoryfunctions in the central nervous system (CNS). iGluRs are ligand-gated ion channels that are activated when glutamate binds to the extracellular ligand binding domain, thereby leading to the opening of the ion channels. Three subtypes of iGluRs include kainate receptors, α-amino-3- hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptors, and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Abnormal and dysregulation of these receptors have cytotoxic effects for neurons and have been implicated in various neurological diseases. For instance, elevated expression of a key AMPA receptor subunit has been linked to conditions such as ALS, where cytotoxic levels …

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Searching For Regulators Of Catalase Activity Using Enzymatic Screens, Aram Joseph Alaxanian May 2024

Searching For Regulators Of Catalase Activity Using Enzymatic Screens, Aram Joseph Alaxanian

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Catalase is found in a plethora of organisms and plays a crucial role in safeguarding cells against oxidative stress-induced damage to proteins, RNA, and DNA. Catalase catalyzed the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into oxygen and water. Deficiencies in catalase have been linked to pathological conditions such as Diabetes, Alzheimer's, and Cancer, underscoring its significance in cellular health. In bacteria like Escherichia coli, catalase is encoded by two genes, KatG and KatE, both subject to regulation through transcription, translation, and post-translational modification. Our study focused on assessing the catalase activity of mutants lacking stress response genes (e.g., lexA, soxR, soxS, …

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Maternal Experience-Driven Changes In Oxytocin Neuron Co-Localization With Crf Receptors In The Hypothalamus Of Mice, Katherine Parra May 2024

Maternal Experience-Driven Changes In Oxytocin Neuron Co-Localization With Crf Receptors In The Hypothalamus Of Mice, Katherine Parra

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The postpartum period is a time of adaptiveness for new mothers who have to not only maintain their own health and well-being, but also that of a brand-new life. In both humans and across various common laboratory species like rats, mice, and non-human primates, priorities must shift greatly for a new mother to now include initiation and maintenance of offspring-focused behaviors regardless of her circumstances.The neurobiology of this adaptivity includes a complex sequence of changes that amount to suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 (CRFR1) is a receptor involved with initiating the physiological stress response and …

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Senescence And The Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype In Salivary Hypofunction, Quetsia Jean-Baptiste May 2024

Senescence And The Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype In Salivary Hypofunction, Quetsia Jean-Baptiste

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Cellular senescence, a triggered permanent cycle arrest, occurs with aging and is a component of many aging-related diseases. Triggers for senescence may include pathways involving DNA damage, telomere dysfunction, release of reactive oxygen species, and other additional internal/external stimuli. Senescence can have a positive effect as it plays a fundamental role in wound healing, tumor suppression, and promoting embryonic development. However, a prolonged consequence of senescence is the production of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), in which the cell secretes pro-inflammatory and pro-tumorigenic factors that can have adverse effects on surrounding cells, which is known as the bystander effect. Eliminating …

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Interplay Between Cellular Stress Mechanisms And Immune Responses In Restricting Zika Virus Infection, Pheonah Badu May 2024

Interplay Between Cellular Stress Mechanisms And Immune Responses In Restricting Zika Virus Infection, Pheonah Badu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Flavivirus infections pose significant global health risks, often leading to serious neurological and congenital complications such as microcephaly. These viruses induce complex cellular stress responses pathways encompassing the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), Integrated Stress Response (ISR), autophagy, apoptosis, and the antiviral immune response, which dictate cell fate by either promoting survival to combat virus-induced damage or initiating cell death under prolonged stress. Despite the antagonizing functions, flaviviruses employ various subversion strategies, facilitated by viral proteins, to ensure successful infections even in the presence of activated cellular responses. Recent studies highlight dynamic interactions among stress response pathways during infection, emphasizing the …

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Implicating North American Lizards In The Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Stricto Sylvatic Cycle, Tristan Anthony Nowak May 2024

Implicating North American Lizards In The Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Stricto Sylvatic Cycle, Tristan Anthony Nowak

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (B. burgdorferi s.l.) spirochetes are the causative agents of Lyme disease (LD, Lyme borreliosis), the leading cause of tick-borne illness in North America (NA), Europe, and throughout temperate zones of the Holarctic region. Ixodes ticks are the only competent genus that permit acquisition, maintenance, and successful transmission of LD bacteria to subsequent hosts. LD spirochetes are unable to effectively pass through transovarial barriers, from adults to eggs, and therefore, next generation larvae are Lyme borreliae-free. Instead, B. burgdorferi s.l. are reliant on maintenance in both vertebrate and arthropod hosts to perpetuate high prevalence in nature. Of …

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Testing The Impact Of Actinomyces Naeslundii On The Proliferation Dynamics Of Corynebacterium And Revealing The Prescence Or Absence Of Inhibitory Properties, Quintin Hodge May 2024

Testing The Impact Of Actinomyces Naeslundii On The Proliferation Dynamics Of Corynebacterium And Revealing The Prescence Or Absence Of Inhibitory Properties, Quintin Hodge

ALL - Honors Theses

The gram-positive bacterium Actinomyces naeslundii is a core member of the oral microbiome and has been associated with states of health. In early human life, researchers unraveled the involvement of several different taxa of microbes present within the oral cavity in contributing to diseases including tooth destruction. Periodontitis is a prevalent oral disease that is proposed to be caused by dysbiosis, which is characterized by microbial shifts within the bacterial community resulting from changes in relative microbial abundance and spatial organization in the dental plaque microbiome, causing immense gum pain and inflammation. Corynebacterium matruchotii is also a gram-positive bacterium like …

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