Life Sciences Commons^™

The Role Of Tgf-Beta Superfamily Members In Immune Homeostasis And Disease, Natalie Eva Nieuwenhuizen, Ioannis Eleftherianos, Piotr Jan Kraj, Maria Semitekolou

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

[Introduction] The Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, encompassing molecules such as TGFs, activins, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), Growth/Differentiation Factor (GDFs) and Nodals, represents the largest family of growth and differentiation factors, playing crucial roles in developmental and physiological processes across animal species (1). These molecules are integral to tissue homeostasis and cell fate determination. Among them, TGF-beta is particularly noted for its regulatory influence on immune responses and tissue fibrosis (2, 3). Recent research has expanded our understanding of the immune functions of other superfamily members, including activin A and BMPs (4). These molecules signal through receptor complexes composed …

Thermal Tolerance Limits Of Mesophotic Corals In American Samoa, Daniel Barshis, Veronica Z. Radice, Katherine E. Parker, Nicholas Evensen

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

We analyzed the thermal tolerances of multiple coral species from an upper mesophotic (38–40m) and a shallow reef (5–10m) with our portable Coral Bleaching Automated Stress System (CBASS). Depth generalist Montipora grisea (deep and shallow) and depth specialists Pachyseris speciosa and Leptoseris sp. (deep only) were assayed from Leone, located on the western coast of Tutuila in American Samoa. Fragments from 10 genotypes of each species were exposed to a 17-hour thermal stress assay reaching four maximum temperatures ranging from 30–38°C under in situ light conditions (150 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹ under a Lee Filters “deep …

A Multispecies, Multisite Assessment Of Coral Thermal Tolerances In American Samoa, Using Acute Heat Stress Assays, Ponchanok Weeriyanun, Nicolas R. Evensen, Katherine E. Parker, Veronica Z. Radice, Daniel J. Barshis

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Reef-building corals are being impacted by increasing seawater temperatures, with marine heatwaves leading to mass bleaching events and extensive mortality. However, corals can display variation in thermal tolerance, both within and among species. In this study, we sampled four coral species (Acropora hyacinthus, Montipora grisea, Pocillopora verrucosa, and Porites lobata) from two sites on Tutuila, American Samoa, with contrasting environmental regimes but similar Maximum Monthly Means (MMM). Coral fragments were subjected to short-term acute heat stress experiments using the Coral Bleaching Automated Stress System (CBASS). PAM Fluorometry was used to measure the symbiont’s effective quantum yield (Fv/Fm) following heat stress …

Squid Paralarvae Turn With High Agility Using Jets Near The Reynolds Number Threshold For Viscous Domination, Ian K. Bartol, Alissa M. Ganley, Paul S. Krueger, Joseph T. Thompson

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Turning is critical for survival in the ocean, as marine animals need to maneuver to capture prey, elude predators, and navigate complex environments. While prior research has focused on turning performance of adult swimmers, less is known about early ontogenetic stages that locomote within lower Reynolds number (Re) regimes, especially young jetters. To evaluate squid paralarval turning proficiency and the role of the pulsed jet in maneuvers, recently hatched longfin squid Doryteuthis pealeii swimming in a viewing chamber were studied using digital particle image velocimetry and kinematic motion analyses. Paralarvae exhibited a wide repertoire of turning behaviors, including those performed …

Multi-Locas Gwas Mapping And Candidate Gene Analysis Of Anticancer Peptide Lunasin In Soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr), Rikki Locklear, Jennifer Kusumah, Layla Rashad, Felicia Lugaro, Sonia Viera, Nathan Kipyego, Faith Kipkosgei, Daisy Jerop, Shirley Jacquet, Mythy Addelmajid Kassem, Jiazheng Yuan, Elvira De Mejia, Rouf Mian

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Soybean (Glycine max) peptide lunasin exhibits significant cancer-preventive, antioxidant, and hypocholesterolemic effects. This study aimed to identify quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) associated with lunasin content and to annotate the candidate genes in the soybean genome. The mapping panel of 144 accessions was gathered from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, encompassing diverse geographical origins and genetic backgrounds, and was genotyped using SoySNP50K iSelect Beadchips. The lunasin content in soybean seeds was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, with lipid-adjusted soybean flour prepared from seeds obtained from the Germplasm Resource Information Network (GRIN) of USDA-ARS in 2003 and …

Assemblage Structure Of Large Carnivorous Coral Reef Fishes At Shallow And Mesophotic Depths In Two Of The Largest And Most Isolated Marine Protected Areas In The Philippines, Rene A. Abesamis, Mikaela L. Salvador, Ryan Murray, Kymry Delijero, Segundo F. Conales, Jean T. Utzurrum, Christopher E. Bird, David T. Gauthier

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Overfishing remains a threat to coral reef fishes globally, with large carnivores often the most vulnerable. Marine protected areas (MPAs) can restore fish populations and biodiversity, but their impact has been understudied in mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs – extensions of shallow reefs from 30 to 150 m). We analyzed baited remote underwater videos recorded in 2016 to investigate the assemblage structure of large carnivorous fishes at shallow (4–12 m) and mesophotic (45–96 m) depths in two of the largest and most isolated MPAs in the Philippines: Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park (TRNP), a fully no-take MPA enacted in 1988; and Cagayancillo, …

Building Heat-Resilient Caribbean Reefs: Integrating Thermal Thresholds And Coral Colonies Selection In Restoration, Macarena Blanco Pimentel, Johanna Calle-Triviño, Daniel J. Barshis, Sancia E. T. Van Der Meij, Megan K. Morikawa

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Caribbean reefs face increasingly frequent and intense bleaching events, adding to the numerous other threats impacting these ecosystems. Addressing these challenges requires global action to reduce climate drivers, along with local efforts like reef restoration. Active restoration using thermotolerant coral colonies offers a potential strategy to alleviate these impacts; however, gaps remain in identifying context-specific temperature thresholds to guide colony selection and standardize thermotolerance assessment methods. This study addressed these gaps in two phases. First, by determining practical thresholds to differentiate species responses to heat stress; and second, by developing a framework to identify and prioritize resilient colonies for restoration. …

Herpetofauna Richness, Diversity, And Occurrence At The Northern Ecotone Of Longleaf Pine, Julianne Jones, Dylan Bryant, Erik Yando

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Habitat suitability commonly differs between the core and periphery of ecosystems. The longleaf pine ecosystem is recognized for its value in providing habitat to a variety of specialist and endemic species, especially herpetofauna. However, at the northernmost extent of longleaf pine (in southeastern Virginia) little is known about the denizen reptiles and amphibians. Moreover, the remaining longleaf pine ecosystem at the latitudinal ecotone is fragmented amongst a mosaic of other ecosystems. We examined herpetofauna diversity, richness, and capture rates between four focal habitat types—mature longleaf pine, restored longleaf pine, maple-gum swamp, and pocosin-bog—in the Zuni Pine Barrens of southeastern Virginia. …

Efficacy Of Stress Acclimation Techniques In Coastal Wetland Plants (Spartina Alterniflora And S. Patens): Implications For Restoration And Nursery Production, Taylor M. Sloey, Kylie D. Gieser, Kaitlyn Pounders, Sofía E. Báez, Jennifer L. Whytlaw

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The implementation of coastal nature-based features, created wetlands, and wetland restoration has increased globally over recent years. Many of these projects have been successful in meeting their goals, however, when projects fail, it is often attributed to mortality of transplanted vegetation. Transplant mortality may be due to inappropriate timing, poor site selection, or abiotic stressors associated with transplant shock. Science-backed guidelines have been well established in many coastal regions regarding site specifications and species selection, but nursery practices for reducing transplant shock remain inconsistent. In this study, we tested a combination of four salinity acclimation treatments and two inundation acclimation …

Biotime 2.0: Expanding And Improving A Database Of Biodiversity Time Series, Maria Dornelas, Laura H. Antão, Amanda E. Bates, Viviana Brambilla, Jonathan M. Chase, Cher F. Y. Chow, Ada Fontrodona-Eslava, Anne E. Magurran, Inês S. Martins, Faye Moyes, Alban Sagouis, Samuel Adu-Acheampong, Daniel Acquah-Lamptey, Dušan Adam, Penelope A. Ajani, Aitor Albaina, Pablo Almaraz, Jeongseop An, Roger Sigismund Anderson, Madelaine Jean Robertson Anderson, Alexsander Z. Antunes, Ivan Arismendi, Linda Armbrecht, Pedro Aros-Mardones, Sreejith Kalpuzha Ashtamoorthy, Narayanan Ayyappan, Gal Badihi, Joseph J. Bailey, Andrew H. Baird, Mark Edward Baird, Sreekumar Vadakkethil Balakrishnan, José António L. Barão-Nóbrega, Adi Barash, Miguel Barbosa, Jos Barlow, Claus Bässler, Matthieu Beaumont, Natalie Beenaerts, Tiago Octavio Begot, Wallace Beiroz, Ricardo Beldade, David M. Bell, Alecia Bellgrove, Jonathan Belmaker, Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi, Cassandra E. Benkwitt, Pamela Medina-Van Berkum, Brandon T. Bestelmeyer, Matthew C. Betts, Maxwell Kelvin Billah, Anne D. Bjorkman, Magdalena Błażewicz, Christopher P. Bloch, Shane A. Blowes, Antonio Bode, Juliano A. Bogoni, Thomas Bolger, Timothy C. Bonebrake, Erik Bonsdorff, Roberta Bottarin, Luke N. Brokensha, Rob W. Brooker, Andrew J. Brooks, Helge Bruelheide, Thiago Almeida Bueno, Claire Laguionie, Mariana Lopes Campagnoli, James Cant, Erica Pellegrini Caramaschi, Alexandre Caron, Tadhg Carroll, Tancredi Caruso, Juan Carvajal-Quintero, Giuseppe Castaldelli, Edward Castañeda-Moya, Pedro V. Castilho, Sonia Zanini Cechin, Shahar Chaikin, Uchangi Manjunatha Chandrashekara, Tory J. Chase, Chaolun Allen Chen, Jorge José Cherem, Sei-Woong Choi, Erica M. Christensen, Alexander V. Christianini, Jackson Wing Four Chu, Peter Coad, Carl Van Colen, Lise Comte, Elisabeth J. Cooper, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, Eddy Cosson, Unai Cotano, Luc Crevecoeur, Shannan Kyle Crow, Graeme S. Cumming, Vanessa S. Daga, Gabriella Damasceno, Gergana N. Daskalova, Claire H. Davies, Robert A. Davis, Frank P. Day, Sussy De-La-Zerda, Amy Elizabeth Deacon, Indradatta De Castro-Arrazola, Steven Degraer, Kharran Deonarinesingh, Juan C. Diaz-Ricaurte, Christopher R. Dickman, Tara Dirilgen, Ciaran John Dolan, J. Emmett Duffy, Timothy E. Dunn, Giselda Durigan, Ciara Dwyer, Steven Earl, Dor Edelist, Graham John Edgar, Sally Edmonson, Ashley K. Elgin, Kari Elsa Ellingsen, Sarah C. Elmendorf, Ruth S. Eriksen, S. K. Morgan Ernest, Ruben Escribano, Paula Cabral Eterovick, Brian S. Evans, Jason D. Everett, Vesela Evtimova, Dan A. Exton, Andrew J. Fairbairn, Filipe Moreli Fantacini, Fabiano Turini Farah, Fábio Zanella Farneda, Mario E. Favila, Philippe Fernandez-Fournier, Braulio Fernández-Zapata, Diogo F. Ferreira, Carola Ferronato, Christopher R. Du Feu, Alessandra Fidelis, David A. Fifield, Vilmar Picinatto Filho, Walter Mesquita Filho, Robert N. L. Fitt, Carlos A. H. Flechtmann, William R. Fraser, Donna L. Fraser, Lídia Freixas, John Fryxell, Garrett J. Fundakowski, Scott Stanley Gabara, Elise Gallois, Mariana Garcia Criado, Emili García-Berthou, Joaquim Garrabou, Andrew R. Gates, Roberto Cazzola Gatti, Anna Gavioli, Tal Gavriel, Benoit Gendreau-Berthiaume, Xingli Giam, Carina Gjerdrum, Michael Glemnitz, Jasmin Annica Godbold, Daniel Gómez-Gras, Rodrigo Barbosa Gonçalves, Andy Goold, Richard R. Gordon, Menachem Goren, Fernando Vilas Boas Goulart, William G. Gould, Meagan M. Graboski, Nicholas A. J. Graham, Maurício Eduardo Graipel, Laura J. Grange, Aaron C. Greenville, Gary D. Grossman, Valeria A. Guinder, Peter Haase, Gary N. Haskins, Kris Havstad, Luise Hermanutz, Michael Julian Hames Hickford, Pamela Hidalgo, Pedro Higuchi, Andrew S. Hoey, Gert Van Hoey, Annika Hofgaard, Kristen T. Holeck, Robert D. Hollister, Richard T. Holmes, Mia Odell Hoogenboom, Joaquín Hortal, Tammy Horton, Chih-Hao Hsieh, Christine L. Huffard, Ida-Maria Huikkonen, Allen H. Hurlbert, Julian Hynes, Pascal Irz, Natalia Macedo Ivanauskas, Akemi Iwayama, Darren K. James, Ute Jandt, Anna M. Jażdżewska, Merlijn Jocque, Sophie T. Johnston, Samuel E. I. Jones, Faith A. M. Jones, Julia A. Jones, Edite Jucevica, Ugis Kagainis, Maiko Kagami, Jungwon Kang, Xuejia Ke, Erin Colleen Keeley, Rebecca Kinnear, Kari Klanderud, Uwe Klinck, Roel Van Klink, Stefan Klotz, Carolien Kockaert, Halvor Knutsen, Matti Koivula, Alessandra Kortz, Peter Kriegel, Chao-Yang Kuo, David J. Kushner, Rosina Kyerematen, Raphaël Lagarde, Lesley T. Lancaster, Ori Frid Landau, Wouter Van Landuyt, Eric R. Larson, Mai Lazarus, Cheol Min Lee, Jonathan S. Lefcheck, Jonas J. Lembrechts, Renato A. Ferreira De Lima, Romullo Guimarães Lima, Nathália G. S. Lima, Cristina Linares, Sandra C. Lindstrom, Francisco Lloret, John David Lloyd, Cleonice Maria Cardoso Lobato, David M. Lodge, Peter Richard Long, Celeste López-Abbate, Adrià López-Baucells, Julio Louzada, Maite Louzao, Antonella Lugliè, Micheli Ribeiro Luiz, S. Ellen Macdonald, Joshua S. Madin, André Lincoln Barroso Magalhães, Rajindra Mahabir, David Maphisa, Thomas Edward Martin, Marcio Martins, Patrick T. Martone, Silvia Matesanz, Shin-Ichiro S. Matsuzaki, Thomas J. Matthews, Iain Mccombe Matthews, Connie J. Maxwell, Kent P. Mcfarland, Brian J. Mcgill, Diane Marie Mcknight, Michael J. Mcwilliam, Jason Meador, Henning Meesenburg, Kristin Meier, Viesturs Melecis, Peter L. Meserve, Christoph F. J. Meyer, Anders Michelsen, Natali Olivia Roman Miiller, Marco Milardi, Nataliya Milchakova, Robert J. Miller, Jonathan Millett, Tom Moens, Luciano F. A. Montag, Jon Moore, Jörg Müller, Akhil Murali, Shauna Ann Murray, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Randall W. Myster, Masahiro Nakamura, Sasi Nayar, Francis Neat, James A. Nelson, Michael Paul Nelson, Boris P. Nikolov, Rym Nouioua, Collins Ayine Nsor, Michael O' Connor, Edward Adzesiwor Obodai, Amy Marie Offland, Romà Ogaya, Hisako Ogura, Thomas A. Okey, Julian D. Olden, Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues Oliveira-Santos, Jeffrey C. Oliver, Esben Moland Olsen, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Daniel Oro, Dais Ozolins, Krzysztof Pabis, Bachisio Mario Padedda, Facundo X. Palacio, Alain Paquette, Sinta Trilestari Pardede, David M. Patersib, Sarah Pausina, Raphaël Pélissier, Steven C. Pennings, Josep Penuelas, Felipe Walter Pereira, Nivaldo Peroni, Sergio Picó, Francesca Pilotto, Hudson Tercio Pinheiro, Oscar Pizarro, Roberto Pizzolotto, Francesco Pomati, Paulo Santos Pompeu, Dominique Ponton, Eric Post, Nicolas Poulet, Juha Pöyry, Steven J. Presley, Herbert H. T. Prins, Pieter Provoost, Kathleen L. Prudic, Vignesh Punjayil, Petr Pyšek, Pascal Querner, Juan Pablo Quimbayo, Indar W. Ramnarine, Daniel C. Reed, Peter Bernard Reich, Suzanne M. Remillard, Cerren Richards, Anthony James Richardson, Itai Van Rijin, Victor H. Rivera-Monroy, Christian Rixen, Kevin Peter Robinson, Ricardo Rocha, Ricardo R. Rodrigues, Cassy Rodrigues, Bjørn De Roos, Denise De C. De Rossa-Feres, Loreta Rosselli, Peter Charles Rothlisberg, Ana Rubio, Lars G. Rudstam, Catalina S. Ruz, Nancy B. Rybicki, Gunther Van Ryckegem, Andrew L. Rypel, Jon P. Sadler, Victor Satoru Saito, Sofia Sal, Renato Portela Salomão, Nathan J. Sanders, Flavio A. M. Santos, Tiago Gomes Dos Santos, Swapan Kumar Sarker, Sara E. Scanga, Marcus Schaub, Jochen Schmidt, Inger Kappel Schmidt, Robert L. Schooley, Alfred Schultz, Alberto Scotti, Amanda Serpell-Stevens, Filipe C. Serrano, Elizabeth H. Shadwick, Matthew Shaft, Thomas W. Sherry, Erika Mayumi Shimabukuro, Jacek Siciński, Caya Sievers, Fernando Rodrigues Da Silva, Ana Carolina Da Silva, Juliana M. Silveira, Tadeu Siqueira, Arunkumar Kavidapadinjattathil Sivadasan, Prasad Theruvil Parambil Sivan, Agnija Skuja, Amalia L. Slaughter, Jasper A. Slingsby, Joseph R. Smith, Bruno Eleres Soares, Martin Solan, Flaviana Maluf Souza, Gabriel B. G. Souza, Joshua L. Sprague, Ulrich Stachow, J. John Stadt, Christopher D. Stallings, Radoslav Hristov Stanchev, Emily H. Stanley, Brian M. Starzomski, Jose Mauro Sterza, Maarten Stevens, F. Gary Stiles, Stefan Stoll, Rick D. Stuart-Smith, Yzel Rondon Súarez, Laura Super, Sarah R. Supp, Tapio Sutela, Iain M. Suthers, Anna Suuronen, Kerrie M. Swadling, Daniel K. Szydlowski, Hisatomo Taki, Sara Jeanne Snell Taylor, Pablo A. Tedesco, Nils Teichert, Akira Terui, Gary P. Thiede, Anne Thimonier, Oliver Thomas, Peter Allan Thompson, Simon Thorn, Jeremy S. Tiemann, Luís Felipe Toledo, Anne Tolvanen, Maria Teresa Zugliani Toniato, Ignasi Torre, Marcos Adriano Tortato, Kumiko Totsu, Andrew Trant, Robert R. Twilley, Hirokazu Urabe, Pierre Valade, Nelson Valdivia, Martha Isabel Vallejo, Thomas J. Valone, Jan Vanaverbeke, Tiago Silveira Vasconcelos, Teppo Vehanen, Fábio Venturoli, Hans M. Verheye, Hendrik Jannes Wietse Vermeulen, Arne Verstraeten, Marcelo Vianna, Rui Vieira, João Paulo Santos Vieira-Alencar, Marc Vilella, Jean Ricardo Simões Vitule, Lien Van Vu, Robert B. Waide, Paige S. Warren, Joseph Paul Wayman, Sara L. Webb, Benjamin Weigel, Ellen A. R. Welti, Fritha West, Fulgor Westermann, Matthew A. Whalen, Ethan P. White, Claire E. Widdicombe, Richard Williams, Mark Williamson, Michael R. Willig, Sonja Wipf, Eric J. Woehler, Alje Woldering, Kerry D. Woods, Wu-Bing Xu, Ruthy Yahel, Zeren Yang, Kyle J. A. Zawada, Camila Zornosa-Torres, Assaf Zvuloni

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Motivation: Here, we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R package (BioTIMEr) to facilitate use of the database.

Main Types of Variables Included: The database is composed of one main data table containing the abundance records and 11 metadata tables. The data are organised …

Future-Oriented Coastal Protection: The Utility Of Living Shorelines Under Changing Climatic Conditions, Gabriella R. Dipetto, Donna Marie Bilkovic, Taylor M. Sloey, Erik S. Yando, Erik L. Walters

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

An accumulation of novel nature-based shoreline management techniques have developed over the past two decades out of the continued need to protect waterfront land combined with an awareness of the relationship between healthy coastal ecosystems and human societies. Shoreline protection strategies such as living shorelines incorporate these nature-based approaches to simultaneously enhance ecosystem functioning while providing shoreline stabilization benefits. The continued role of these approaches into the future, however, will be challenged by a rapidly changing coastal environment. While living shorelines have received global attention and integration into climate policy and governance frameworks, the ability of shoreline systems to withstand …

Multifunctional Nanoscale Pigments: Emerging Risks And Circular Strategies For A Sustainable Future, Ajay Vikram Singh, Preeti Bhardwaj, Vimal Kishore, Sunil Choudhary, Akihiko Hirose, Neha Gupta, Madleen Busse, Swarn Lata Singh, Christopher J. Osgood

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The substantial penetration of nanoscale pigments into a range of sectors has changed the dynamics of industries such as medical, material science, and many more. Nonetheless, their persistence in the environment and probable adverse impacts on health require that an assessment of such risks be formulated considering the One Health perspective. This viewpoint considers the crossing of boundaries of progress in the nanotechnology of nanoscale pigments with environmental, animal, and human health and emphasizes the significance of collaborative activity. Traditional perspectives explain the distribution of pigment history, while the nanotechnology of today's accessibility poses problems regarding utilization, toxicities, and interactions …

Location Intelligence Unveils Seasonal Spatiotemporal Pattern Shifts Of Habitat Use And Selection By Cattle Across A South Texas Coastal Landscape Infested With Rhipicephalus Microplus, Taylor G. Donaldson, Brian T. Rich, Miranda R. Peterson, Hsiao-Hsuan Wang, William E. Grant, Donald B. Thomas, Kimberly H. Lohmeyer, Adalberto Á. Pérez De León, Pete D. Teel

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Knowledge gaps on the dynamics of cattle fever tick-cattle-habitat-climate interactions in South Texas and their influence on the efficacy of treatments to eliminate infestations with the Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus prevent optimal interventions by the Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program (CFTEP). The CFTEP has been operating in the USA since 1907. This study applied the concept of location intelligence to examine movement, habitat use and selection by cattle in a highly heterogeneous coastal landscape infested with R. microplus. Cattle interface with white-tailed deer and nilgai, which are alternate wildlife hosts of R. microplus, in this unique South …

Symbiodiniaceae Shifts Over The Last Decade On The Hottest Coral Reefs On Earth, Anna Fiesinger, Rachel Alderdice, Luigi Colin, Hannah Manns, Gabriela Perna, Kathryn H. Stankiewicz, Jacob J. Valenzuela, Line K. Bay, Daniel J. Barshis, Nitin S. Baliga, Iliana B. Baums, John A. Burt, Christian R. Voolstra

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Corals in the Persian/Arabian Gulf (PAG) are resilient to various stressors, whose levels exceed those of coral reefs globally. These corals thereby offer insight into mechanisms underlying thermal resilience, e.g., regarding the role of endosymbiotic microalgae in the family Symbiodiniaceae. Previous studies have identified the thermotolerant species Cladocopium thermophilum as broadly associated with corals in the southern PAG. However, algal-host specificity at the within-species level and the temporal stability of these associations are not well understood. Here we sampled two dominant stony corals (Porites harrisoni, n = 119 and Platygyra daedalea, n = 79) at three sites …

Description Of All Stages Of A New Tick Species From California Haemaphysalis Vespertina (Acari: Ixodidae), With Redescription Of H. Leporispalustris Packard, 1869 Adults And Phylogenetic Relationships Among Related U.S. Taxa, Andrea Egizi, Santiago Nava, Angie Nakano, Megan E. M. Saunders, Lauren P. Maestas, Autumn D. Angelus, Bruce Noden, Robyn M. Nadolny, Waheed I. Bajwa, Charles Lubelcyzk, Chanakya R. Bhosale, Susan Paskewitz, Holly D. Gaff, Lorenza Beati

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

All active stages of Haemaphysalis vespertina sp. nov. (Acari: Ixodidae), a tick previously identified as H. leporispalustris Packard, 1869, are described from specimens collected on the vegetation and from leporids in California and Oregon. The adults of H. leporispalustris Packard, 1969 are redescribed based on type material. Adults of the two species can be distinguished by their overall size, the dorsal shape of palpal segment II, the number and shape of dorsal and ventral setae on palpal segment II, the number of spurs on coxae II, the length of setae on scutum, legs and coxae, and the pattern of scutal …

Summer Temperature Maxima Already Challenge Thermal Capacities Of Coral In The Southern Persian/Arabian Gulf, Rachel Alderdice, Gabriela Perna, Hannah Manns, Anna Fiesinger, Luigi Colin, Kathryn Stankiewicz, Kelly Gomez-Campo, Samantha Goyen, Line Bayse, Nitin Baliga, Jake Valenzuela, Iliana B. Baums, Daniel J. Barshis, John A. Burt, Christian R. Voolstra

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The future of coral reefs remains uncertain as intensifying ocean warming continues to drive coral decline and demise worldwide. Corals occurring in extreme environments such as the Persian/Arabian Gulf (PAG), the world’s warmest sea, represent a promising resource to study the genetic architecture of thermal tolerance. However, their thermal capacities remain unresolved. We applied short-term heat stress assays using the Coral Bleaching Automated Stress System (CBASS) to determine signatures of thermal tolerance from three common species (Porites harrisoni, Platygyra daedalea, and Cyphastrea microphthalma) across three sites (two in the extreme southern PAG and a more benign …

Carbon Dynamics Across The Mangrove-Tidal Flat Ecotone In A Tropical Seascape, E. S. Yando, I. J.B. Alemu, L. Kiah Eng, T. M. Sloey, M. Van Breugel, Bhatia N. Friess

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Mangroves and other blue carbon ecosystems are important for climate through the storage and sequestration of carbon. Most research estimates carbon dynamics by subsampling central portions of the ecosystem and are then upscales using habitat maps to patch, landscape, or regional levels. However, heterogeneity is rarely accounted for - particularly at edges. Further, adjacent tidal flat ecosystems have only recently been considered for carbon storage, but may be undervalued if areas where they transition with vegetated systems are not accounted for. To address the lack of information at coastal ecotones, we examined both soil carbon storage and carbon dioxide flux …

Innovative Biomechanical And Engineering-Based Assessments Of Hip Mechanics In Individuals With Hip-Related Pain, Holly M. Stanze

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Individuals with hip-related pain exhibit altered movement patterns, and worse fear of movement (kinesiophobia), compared to asymptomatic controls. Exacerbation of hip pain during movement and the role of hip symptom duration may help further our understanding of specific movement patterns that are associated with hip-related pain. A better understanding of the potential connections between hip-related symptom duration, kinesiophobia, hip pain during movement, and lower limb mechanics in those with hip-related pain may allow for more efficient referrals to clinicians and lead to more effective rehabilitation. In addition, the impact of hip-related pain on intra-articular hip loading patterns is not well …

Psychological Impacts In Exercise Riders And Professional Jockeys Following Injury, Kelley M. Renner

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

One of the most well-known equestrian sports, horse racing, is not only a cornerstone of Kentucky’s economy, but also a vital part of its culture, with professional jockeys playing an essential role in the local communities and traditions that define the state. Despite its popularity and financial impact, mental health challenges within the sport have continually been shrouded in silence and ignored in research (Ball et al., 2007). Equally concerning is the high injury prevalence, and psychological impact of these injuries (e.g., psychological distress, depression, anxiety, loss of identity, and self-esteem (King et al., 2022; Losty et al., 2019; McConn-Palfreyman …

You’Re Too Slow! Self-Selected Volitional Efforts Reveal Unexploited Neuromuscular Reserve Capacity Compared To Maximal Efforts During Fatiguing, Load Equated Resistance Exercise, Brian Benitez

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

This investigation examined how movement intent influences neuromuscular excitation strategies during fatiguing resistance exercise, comparing maximal intended concentric efforts versus self-selected volitional efforts during load-equated Smith machine back squat exercise to quantify reserve capacity and characterize underlying neuromuscular mechanisms. Twenty-three resistance-trained participants (12 males, 11 females) completed a repeated-measures design, with replication, across six visits, performing smith machine back squat repetitions-to-failure at 70% 1RM under maximal intent (accelerate rapidly) and volitional intent (self-selected effort) conditions. Maximal voluntary isometric contractions used rapid (instantaneous 10-second effort) and ramp (5-second build-up, 5-second maximal) protocols. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was recorded from vastus lateralis and …

Short-Term Effect Of Water-Soluble Iodinated Contrast “Urografin” Used For Hysterosalpingography On Thyroid Profile, Mohamed Roshdi, Ahmed Mahmoud El Menayyer, Aya Mohamed Elbialy

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Lipiodol is one of the most used oil-soluble contrast media (OSCM) for hysterosalpingography (HSG). Particularly concerning are its long t1/2 in tissue (50 days) and high iodine concentration (480 mg/ml). Such high iodine content can cause either Wolff-Chaikoff effect (WCE) or hyperthyroidism (Jod-Basedow phenomena (JBP)), in particular in those who have pre-existing Graves' disease or multinodular goiter. Urografin is an ionic water-soluble contrast medium (WSCM) having lower iodine concentration (300 mg/ml). Our study aimed to evaluate the short-term influence of Urografin for HSG on thyroid function. Patients and Methods: Our study is a prospective one enrolling 49 women over …

Developing A Prognostic Panel In Hormone Receptor Positive Breast Cancer; An Immunohistochemical Study With Clinicopathological Correlation, Shaimaa M Yussif, Reham Naguib, Nahed Soliman

Mansoura Medical Journal

Introduction

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with a wide range of clinical, histological, and molecular characteristics. Various diagnostic methods have been used to ascertain prognosis by evaluating various clinicopathological data, such as tumor size, nodal stage, hormone receptor status, and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) status, metastasis, tumor grade and lymphovascular emboli. Accurate substratification of prognostic groups with varying clinical outcomes is needed. This is particularly valid for cases of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to examine the immunohistochemical expression of a set of markers in hormone positive breast carcinoma cases and test …

Clinical Features And Prognosis Of Acute Kidney Injury In Hospital-Admitted Patients With Covid-19 In Egypt: A Single-Center Experience, Hoda M. M. Abdulaziz, Aya Ahmed Mohamed Elsayed, Elshahat A. Yousef

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background While COVID-19 primarily manifests clinically as a respiratory disease, it can also impact other organs, such as the kidneys. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequently seen in hospital-admitted patients with COVID-19 and is linked to poorer outcomes. This research sought to explore the rate, contributing elements, and consequences of AKI in individuals with COVID-19. Methods Data from 236 COVID-19-infected patients hospitalized at wards and intensive care units (ICUs) dedicated to isolation between September 2020 and February 2021 were analyzed. Comparisons between patients with and without AKI were done using statistical tests as appropriate. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed …

The Effect Of Intraoperative Facet Joint Denervation In The Prophylaxis Of Back Pain After Spinal Fixation: A Randomized Prospective Controlled Single-Blind Study, Mohamed Ali Abbas, Ahmed Zaghlol, Ayman M Ismail, Hamdy Nabwi, Mohamed Ismail, Ahmed Sameh Nada, Mona Mokhtar, Ahmed Shaker Elakhras

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) remains a significant challenge after fixation procedures of the spine. The present research assessed the efficacy of intraoperative facet joint denervation in preventing postoperative back pain in individuals undergoing spinal fixation. Methods: A randomized retrospective controlled single-blind study was carried out on 70 patients requiring spinal fixation assigned to two equal groups: Group A: intraoperative facet joint denervation was performed, while Group B was a control group. Pain levels were evaluated utilizing the visual analog scale (VAS) for 7 days following surgery. Follow-up visits occurred at 2 weeks, 1, 3, and 6 months. The …

Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 As A Biomarker For Detection Of Albuminuria And Retinopathy Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Amr Y. El Feky, Yehia M. Ghanem, Talaat A. Abdelaaty, Magdy M. Elbordeny, Rabab H. Neanaa

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are prevalent microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of this study was to examine the potential relevance of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (uKIM-1) as a marker of DKD and DR in cases who have T2DM. Methods: A cross-sectional study has been performed among 60 cases with T2DM. They were subdivided into 30 patients with albuminuria and 30 patients without albuminuria. Sociodemographic data, fundus examination, laboratory investigations involving fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, lipid profile, creatinine, and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) have been …

Split-Dose Versus Single-Dose Bowel Preparation For Colonoscopy: A Single Center Study, Mohamed Adel, Seham Seif, Hany Shabana, Asmaa Gameel

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Colonscopy is now the gold standard for colorectal screening. Colon preparation is an important parameter for adequate bowel examination. Detection of small colorectal polyps which are precusors for colorectal adenocarcinoma needs effective bowel cleansing. Aim we performed a prospective randomized controlled trail to compare bowel cleanliness, compliance, tolerability, and patient satisfaction of a single regimen versus a split regimen for colonoscopy. Results The number of detected polyps was statistically significantly higher in the split method group as compared to the single method group (p= 0.040).Also, the prevalence features of ulcerative colitis was statistically significantly higher in the split method …

Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody (Tpo Ab) Can Be Used As A Marker For Persistence Of Symptoms Of Hypothyroidism In Patients With Primary Hypothyroidism Despite Normal Tsh Level: Cross-Sectional Study, Gehad Mohamed Aldamsisy, Mohamed Ghoniem Mohamed, Mohammed Mofreh, Ahmed Albehairy

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Primary hypothyroidism is one of the most prevalent endocrine conditions. Some hypothyroid patients treated with an acceptable dose of levothyroxine report continuing symptoms including fatigue, depression, and weight gain, despite having a TSH level in the lower half of the normal range. Aim to evaluate why some hypothyroid patients on levothyroxine continue to have residual symptoms despite apparently adequate replacement& laboratory euthyroid status? Patients and methods 111 Adult male and female ranging from (18-65) years with primary hypothyroidism and normal TSH taking adequate levothyroxine dose were divided into 2 groups. Group1: Hypothyroid patients with persistent symptoms despite normal TSH …

Does A Preoperative Caffeine Tablet Affect The Characteristics Of Post-Dural Puncture Headache In Caesarian Section Under Spinal Anesthesia?, Mahmoud Abdelfattah, Karim Ali Awad, Ahmed Amin Eisa, Abdullah Elsayed Abdullah Gheith, Shimaa Abd El-Satar Mohamed

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: The current study aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of administering caffeine tablets before surgery in preventing post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) in adult patients who underwent cesarian delivery with spinal anesthesia (SA). Methods: This randomized controlled study (RCT) enrolled patients aged 18–45 years who underwent elective caesarian section under SA. Patients were allocated to receive either a caffeine or placebo tablet prior to SA. Those in the intervention group received a 200 mg caffeine tablet, while those in the control group received a placebo. The primary outcome measured was the incidence of PDPH, with secondary outcomes including the severity …

Direct-Acting Antivirals For Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection In Children With Malignancy: A Review Of Current Evidence And Clinical Insights, Ashrakat Galal Aboelfotoh, Ahmad Darwish Mohamad, Ahmed Megahed Hassan

Mansoura Medical Journal

In children, hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a serious health concern, especially those receiving cancer treatment, where repeated blood transfusions and immunosuppression significantly increase the risk of infection. The use of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) represents a turning point in HCV management, delivering high cure rates with fewer side effects than previous therapies. In this review, we explore the latest insights into HCV epidemiology, transmission, and pathophysiology in pediatric patients, with particular attention to those facing malignancy. We will discuss the mechanisms of action, approved treatment regimens, and safety profiles of DAAs, focusing on combinations like sofosbuvir/ledipasvir in the oncology setting. …

Impacts Of Age And Androgen Level On Albino Rat Meibomian Gland: Light & Electron Microscopic Study, Amira A. Hamid, Nawal A. Hasanin, Hanaa A. Khalaf, Walaa H. E. Hamed

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Histological changes in albino rats meibomian glands in relation to age and androgen level. Aim of the work: The current research attempted to assess the impact of age and androgen level on histological structure of meibomian gland . Material and methods: Three groups of adult male albino rats were used ,each group comprised ten rats, group I: six months, group II: one year and group III : two years, Each animal at proper age was weighed , anaesthetized and blood samples were collected for estimation of dehydro-epiandrosterone (DHEA) hormone . The eyelids of each rat were dissected and prepared …