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Articles 14581 - 14610 of 254178

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Dwellings From The Byzantine Period At Pi Maẓuva In The Western Galilee (With A Contribution By Danny Syon) (Hebrew, Pp. 31*–39*; English Summary, Pp. 182–183), Gilad Cinamon, Yoav Lerer Jan 2025

Dwellings From The Byzantine Period At Pi Maẓuva In The Western Galilee (With A Contribution By Danny Syon) (Hebrew, Pp. 31*–39*; English Summary, Pp. 182–183), Gilad Cinamon, Yoav Lerer

'Atiqot

The excavation at Pi Maẓuva revealed building complexes, some separated by an alley, dating from the Byzantine period. The finds at the site included a bronze cross, an ashlar limestone lintel with a cross engraving, and pottery dated to the sixth–seventh centuries CE, which comprised local types, alongside many imported ones, some adorned with crosses. An interesting find is a high-quality, colorful, seventh-century CE mosaic floor adorned with floral motifs, animal and human figures, and two fragmentary Greek inscriptions. The finds at the site point to the existence of a rural Christian settlement, probably destroyed during the Persian conquest of …

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The Ancient And Present Geomorphology And Sedimentology Of Miska (Pp. 173–177), Oren Ackermann Jan 2025

The Ancient And Present Geomorphology And Sedimentology Of Miska (Pp. 173–177), Oren Ackermann

'Atiqot

The site of Miska is located in the Sharon region, in the central part of the Israeli coastal plain. The region is characterized by a series of red sandy soils (ḥamra) that had developed atop stabilized sand dunes. A section cut in Area A—where a refuse pit and industrial deposits of glass manufacture were unearthed—revealed a dense accumulation of ash and evidence of an ancient active channel with a low-energy water flow regime. Yellow sandy material, apparently of natural origin, which was found at the bottom of the section, might have been exploited for the manufacturing of glass at the …

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The Coins From Miska (Pp. 169–171), Robert Kool Jan 2025

The Coins From Miska (Pp. 169–171), Robert Kool

'Atiqot

Eleven coins were found at Miska, five of which were identified: a bronze coin from the reign of Trebonianus Gallus (251–253 CE); two early Byzantine bronze nummi; a copper follis of the Byzantine emperor Heraclius I (610/611 CE), issued in the imperial mint of Cyzicus; and a Mamluk fals.

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A Double-Stamped Zir Handle From Miska (Pp. 131–133), Nitzan Amitai-Preiss Jan 2025

A Double-Stamped Zir Handle From Miska (Pp. 131–133), Nitzan Amitai-Preiss

'Atiqot

The stamped zir jar handle from Miska has two stamps on its upper side, one near the other. One of the stamps depicts a six-pointed star, surrounded by a thick bold circle, with dots between the spikes and a dot in its center; the second stamp comprises two concentric circles with a dot in the center. Stamped jar handles displaying various star designs were unearthed in the Umayyad-period pottery kilns of Nebi Samwil, located north of Jerusalem. A possible explanation for the double-stamped handles is that they represented a change in the ownership of the jar, or in the warehouse …

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Glass Finds And Remains Of A Glass Industry From Miska (135–168), Yael Gorin-Rosen Jan 2025

Glass Finds And Remains Of A Glass Industry From Miska (135–168), Yael Gorin-Rosen

'Atiqot

Large quantities of glass vessels and remains of a large-scale glass industry were retrieved in the excavation at Miska, mostly from the refuse pit in Area A. The glass assemblage mainly dates from the Late Roman and early Byzantine periods (fourth–early fifth centuries CE), showing affinities with several glass-vessel groups, all of which relate to local production centers. The glass-production remains comprised a large amount of raw glass chunks and debris from destroyed furnaces, pointing to a primary production. The remains of the glass industry add important information concerning the history of primary glass production in the region, reinforcing the …

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Pottery Assemblages From Miska (Pp. 99–129), Anna De Vincenz Jan 2025

Pottery Assemblages From Miska (Pp. 99–129), Anna De Vincenz

'Atiqot

The pottery from Miska dates mainly to the Byzantine, Early Islamic and late Ottoman periods. The refuse pit in Area A contained finds from two periods of use: Late Roman and early Byzantine, and late Byzantine and Early Islamic. Lamps dating from these periods are presented as well; they belong mostly to three major types: ovoid lamps with a large filling hole, and Samaritan Lamp Types 1 and 2. The late Ottoman period is represented mainly by Black Gaza Ware, Turkish smoking pipes and Marseille roof tiles. The rare presence of imported vessel types in all the assemblages points to …

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Remains Of The Late Roman To Late Ottoman Periods At Miska In The Southern Sharon (Pp. 85–98), Polina Spivak Jan 2025

Remains Of The Late Roman To Late Ottoman Periods At Miska In The Southern Sharon (Pp. 85–98), Polina Spivak

'Atiqot

Ten squares were excavated in four areas (A–D) at Miska, revealing a long and detailed stratigraphic sequence, from the Late Roman to the late Ottoman periods. In Area A, a large refuse pit was revealed, containing a considerable amount of glass shards and debris of a glass furnace, dating from the Late Roman–Byzantine periods. Glass production was an important activity in the region of Miska, likely related to the local availability of sand and fuel. Miska served as a station in the Roman road system, which expanded during the Byzantine period, with the Christian pilgrimage to the Holy Land, and …

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A Late Bronze Age Ii Cist Grave At Tel Qana In The Sharon Coastal Plain (With Contributions By Sariel Shalev And Sana Shilstein; Alexander Tsatskin) (Pp. 67–84), Edwin C.M. Van Den Brink Jan 2025

A Late Bronze Age Ii Cist Grave At Tel Qana In The Sharon Coastal Plain (With Contributions By Sariel Shalev And Sana Shilstein; Alexander Tsatskin) (Pp. 67–84), Edwin C.M. Van Den Brink

'Atiqot

Excavations at Tel Qana, situated in the Naḥal Ha-Yarqon basin, revealed a Middle Bronze Age II occupation horizon, a cist grave dating to Late Bronze Age II and two winepresses dating from Iron Age II. The present report focuses on the large LB II cist grave, which contained the remains of a primary burial of a single individual, probably male, who was interred with several ceramic vessels and three metal weapons. The cist’s walls and floor were uniquely plastered with thick layers of high quality, waterproof white lime plaster. This burial seems to indicate a shift from multiple cave burials …

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Khirbat Ḥasan: Water Control Systems And Agriculture-Related Activities Along Naḥal Har’El (Pp. 17–65), Yitzhak Paz, Rina Avner, Barak Monnickendam-Giveon, Oren Ackermann, Anat Cohen-Weinberger Jan 2025

Khirbat Ḥasan: Water Control Systems And Agriculture-Related Activities Along Naḥal Har’El (Pp. 17–65), Yitzhak Paz, Rina Avner, Barak Monnickendam-Giveon, Oren Ackermann, Anat Cohen-Weinberger

'Atiqot

The excavations at Khirbat Ḥasan were carried out in a wide valley on the Naḥal Har’el floodplain. The findings attest that in antiquity, the inhabitants exploited the area for agricultural activities. Eight areas were opened: in Area A, water control systems dating from the Intermediate Bronze Age and the Roman–Byzantine periods were discovered; Area G yielded Hellenistic-period pottery, a Roman–Byzantine rural road and agricultural terrace walls; in Area C, Chalcolithic-period pottery and an Iron Age water control system were unearthed; in Area N, Intermediate Bronze Age occupation remains and agricultural activities were documented; Area B yielded Chalcolithic-period pottery, Intermediate Bronze …

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The Animal Bones From The Chalcolithic-Period Refuse Pits At Yehud (Hebrew, Pp. 25*–29*; English Summary, P. 181), Nimrod Marom Jan 2025

The Animal Bones From The Chalcolithic-Period Refuse Pits At Yehud (Hebrew, Pp. 25*–29*; English Summary, P. 181), Nimrod Marom

'Atiqot

Two of the refuse pits discovered on Zionist Congress Street in Yehud contained animal bones. The bone assemblages from the pits were quite small, comprising mainly cattle, as well as sheep/goat and one pig bone. The representation of all parts of the skeleton indicates that the slaughtering of the animals and their initial processing took place next to the pits. Based on the meager wear signs on the bones, it seems that the remains were buried shortly after their disposal.

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The Late Chalcolithic Pottery And Ground Stone Assemblages From The Western Fringes Of Tel Yehud (Pp. 1–16), Edwin C.M. Van Den Brink Jan 2025

The Late Chalcolithic Pottery And Ground Stone Assemblages From The Western Fringes Of Tel Yehud (Pp. 1–16), Edwin C.M. Van Den Brink

'Atiqot

Two Late Chalcolithic ceramic assemblages were retrieved from two pits exposed at Yehud. The finds include 641 diagnostic potsherds and fragments of basalt bowls and of a basalt grinding stone. It was observed that the same types of vessels reoccur in both pits, although the quantities of each type are significantly different. The pottery and ground stone assemblages from both pits fit the Ghassulian (Late Chalcolithic) aspect of the domestic ceramic repertoire. The V-shaped bowls, fenestrated pedestal bowls, cornets and churns are all hallmarks of the period. The absence from the Yehud assemblage of small, incipient indented ledge handles and …

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Remains From The Chalcolithic To The Ottoman Periods On The Western Fringes Of Tel Yehud (With Contributions By Jacob Vardi; Vered Eshed) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–24*; English Summary, Pp. 179–180), Eriola Jakoel Jan 2025

Remains From The Chalcolithic To The Ottoman Periods On The Western Fringes Of Tel Yehud (With Contributions By Jacob Vardi; Vered Eshed) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–24*; English Summary, Pp. 179–180), Eriola Jakoel

'Atiqot

Seventeen squares were opened on the western fringes of Tel Yehud, revealing finds from six periods. From the Chalcolithic period, three refuse pits were exposed, containing typical household waste: pottery vessels, flint items and animal bones. Two tombs dating from the Intermediate Bronze Age were discovered; they were probably part of a nearby, contemporary cemetery, whose boundaries are yet unknown. Also discovered were seven tombs dating from the Persian period--these are the only Persian-period remains unearthed in the city to date. During the Late Roman period, a unique tomb (mausoleum?) was unearthed, comprising three troughs with primary burials, and an …

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Front Matter, Editorial Board Jan 2025

Front Matter, Editorial Board

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.

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Faunal Remains From The Residential Quarter Northwest Of Tel Lod (Hebrew, Pp. 51*–53*; English Summary, P. 177), Moshe Sade Jan 2025

Faunal Remains From The Residential Quarter Northwest Of Tel Lod (Hebrew, Pp. 51*–53*; English Summary, P. 177), Moshe Sade

'Atiqot

The zooarchaeological finds from Lod were retrieved predominately from Stratum II, dated to the Early Islamic period. The bones belong to domestic animals, most of which were identified as sheep/goat and cattle. The pig bones might point to a tolerance on behalf of the Islamic rulership toward the local Christian population, which seems to have been affluent.

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Byzantine And Early Islamic-Period Metal Weights From The Residential Quarter Northwest Of Tel Lod (Hebrew, Pp. 49*–50*; English Summary, P. 176), Ayala Lester Jan 2025

Byzantine And Early Islamic-Period Metal Weights From The Residential Quarter Northwest Of Tel Lod (Hebrew, Pp. 49*–50*; English Summary, P. 176), Ayala Lester

'Atiqot

Six brass weights were retrieved from the excavation northwest of Tel Lod. One of the weights dates to the Byzantine period, and the other five, to the Early Islamic period. The weights were used for weighing coins in daily trade.

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Glass Finds From The Early Islamic-Period Residential Quarter Northwest Of Tel Lod (Pp. 135–156), Natalya Katsnelson Jan 2025

Glass Finds From The Early Islamic-Period Residential Quarter Northwest Of Tel Lod (Pp. 135–156), Natalya Katsnelson

'Atiqot

The site yielded more than 2000 glass fragments, mostly dating from the eighth to the eleventh century CE. Several Early Roman (between the two Jewish Revolts) and Mamluk glass items were also recovered. This report is among the first studies of Islamic glass vessels from Lod. The assemblage comprises simple everyday vessels of local types, alongside ornamented luxury specimens, possibly imported. Besides vessel fragments, part of a stirring rod, a small trailed bead and gold-glass tesserae were found, along with small parts of rectangular, greenish blue windowpanes. The glass-production remains might attest to a local workshop.

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Coins From The Early Islamic-Period Residential Quarter Northwest Of Tel Lod (Pp. 157–170), Gabriela Bijovsky Jan 2025

Coins From The Early Islamic-Period Residential Quarter Northwest Of Tel Lod (Pp. 157–170), Gabriela Bijovsky

'Atiqot

A total of 163 coins were discovered in the excavation northwest of Tel Lod. All the coins are bronze, except for two billon dirhams, three silver dirhams and a lead Fatimid coin. Coins dating from the transitional Arab-Byzantine period to the Early Islamic period (Umayyad and Abbasid) constitute the bulk of the numismatic evidence at the site.

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Glass Vessels, Metal Artifacts And Beads From The Burial Cave At ‘En Lavan, Naḥal Refa’Im (Pp. 123–133), Tamar Winter Jan 2025

Glass Vessels, Metal Artifacts And Beads From The Burial Cave At ‘En Lavan, Naḥal Refa’Im (Pp. 123–133), Tamar Winter

'Atiqot

The sealed burial cave at ‘En Lavan yielded about 50 glass fragments, metal objects and beads of various materials. The glass vessels are typical of the Syria-Palestine region, and are dated to the Byzantine and Umayyad periods (sixth–eighth centuries CE); the metal artifacts and the beads are characteristic of the Late Roman and Byzantine periods.

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An Early Islamic-Period Residential Quarter Northwest Of Tel Lod (Hebrew, Pp. 9*–48*; English Summary, Pp. 173–175), Elie Haddad Jan 2025

An Early Islamic-Period Residential Quarter Northwest Of Tel Lod (Hebrew, Pp. 9*–48*; English Summary, Pp. 173–175), Elie Haddad

'Atiqot

Four areas were excavated northwest of Tel Lod (Areas A–D), exposing remains from three strata: Stratum III, dating from the late Byzantine to the Umayyad periods (sixth–eighth centuries CE; Stratum II, dating to the Abbasid period (eighth–tenth centuries CE)—the primary layer at the site; and Stratum I, dating from the medieval period—from the end of the Crusader to the beginning of the Mamluk period (second half of the thirteenth century CE). The plans of the Stratum II buildings are uniform, probably alluding to a well-planned residential quarter during the Abbasid period. The finds from Stratum II include pottery, glass and …

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Ceramic Vessels And Oil Lamps From The Burial Cave At ‘En Lavan, Naḥal Refa’Im (Pp. 103–122), Anna De Vincenz Jan 2025

Ceramic Vessels And Oil Lamps From The Burial Cave At ‘En Lavan, Naḥal Refa’Im (Pp. 103–122), Anna De Vincenz

'Atiqot

Seventeen complete vessels and 43 complete oil lamps were retrieved from the undisturbed burial cave at ‘En Lavan. The assemblage is homogeneous, dating to the Byzantine–Early Islamic periods (fourth–late seventh/early eighth centuries CE). The oil lamps are decorated with Christian motifs, such as Greek inscriptions and crosses, clearly indicating that the burial cave was used by a Christian population.

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Faunal Remains From Nazareth (Pp. 93–102), Nimrod Marom Jan 2025

Faunal Remains From Nazareth (Pp. 93–102), Nimrod Marom

'Atiqot

The salvage excavations at Nazareth uncovered a faunal assemblage dating from Iron Age II (Stratum III), the late Hellenistic–Early Roman (Stratum II) and Crusader–Mamluk (Stratum I) periods. The assemblage is dominated by sheep and goats, with lower frequencies of cattle. The faunal remains demonstrate tentative evidence for a simple village economy throughout its stratigraphic sequence.

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A Burial Cave From The Byzantine–Early Islamic Periods At ‘En Lavan, Naḥal Refa’Im (With A Contribution By Yossi Nagar) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–8*; English Summary, Pp. 171–172), Gideon Solimany Jan 2025

A Burial Cave From The Byzantine–Early Islamic Periods At ‘En Lavan, Naḥal Refa’Im (With A Contribution By Yossi Nagar) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–8*; English Summary, Pp. 171–172), Gideon Solimany

'Atiqot

A rock-hewn burial cave was exposed below ‘En Lavan in Naḥal Refa’im. It comprised a burial chamber with three arcosolia, in which burial troughs were carved; some of them had raised rock-hewn headrests. The cave was found sealed. In situ finds included pottery, glassware, metal artifacts and beads. The bone remains represent at least ten individuals—probably local residents. The cave was in use from the Byzantine period to the beginning of the Early Islamic period.

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The Settlement History Of Nazareth In The Iron Age And Early Roman Period (Pp. 25–92), Yardenna Alexandre Jan 2025

The Settlement History Of Nazareth In The Iron Age And Early Roman Period (Pp. 25–92), Yardenna Alexandre

'Atiqot

A small-scale excavation carried out next to the Franciscan Church of the Annunciation compound in Nazareth exposed the remains of three building strata: Stratum III, from Iron IIA–B (tenth–early eighth centuries BCE); Stratum II, from the late Hellenistic to the Early Roman period (late second century BCE–first third of the second century CE); and Stratum I, from the Crusader to Mamluk periods (twelfth–fifteenth centuries CE). The late Hellenistic to Early Roman-period dwelling incorporated a three-level complex of subterranean pits or silos. Within the pits, many potsherds were discarded, perhaps attesting to the Jewish practice of ritual defilement of ceramic vessels …

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Front Matter, Editorial Board Jan 2025

Front Matter, Editorial Board

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.

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A Late Iron Age Rock-Cut Tomb On The Western Slope Of Mount Zion, Jerusalem (Pp. 1–24), Amos Kloner, Irit Yezerski Jan 2025

A Late Iron Age Rock-Cut Tomb On The Western Slope Of Mount Zion, Jerusalem (Pp. 1–24), Amos Kloner, Irit Yezerski

'Atiqot

On the western slope of Mount Zion, Jerusalem, below the southwestern corner of the Old City walls, a First Temple period burial ground was revealed. Five rock-cut tombs (A–E) were exposed, one of which (Tomb A) was found sealed with its original blocking stone, and hence its great importance for reconstructing First Temple period burial practices. Tomb A is of the prevalent “bench-tomb” type and it served for multiple and simultaneous burials. The tomb yielded finds that are of special importance, illuminating the burial practices of the people of Jerusalem and Judah in the seventh century BCE until the Babylonian …

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The Faunal Remains From The Mamluk-Period Al-Waṭṭa Quarter, Safed (Ẓefat) (Pp. 235–270), Guy Bar-Oz, Noa Raban-Gerstel Jan 2025

The Faunal Remains From The Mamluk-Period Al-Waṭṭa Quarter, Safed (Ẓefat) (Pp. 235–270), Guy Bar-Oz, Noa Raban-Gerstel

'Atiqot

Some 1160 complete and fragmentary identified bones were recovered from the medieval al-Waṭṭa quarter in Safed, providing evidence for a wealthy domestic urban occupation. This paper discusses the mundane aspects of daily life in Safed in the Mamluk period, reconstructing food consumption and distribution, animal husbandry, and social and cultural variation in foodways. This comprehensive study of the zooarchaeological data includes species representation and taphonomic observations, with the aim of discerning patterns of bone consumption and offering explanations for these observations.

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Petrographic Examination Of Selected Pottery Vessels From The Al-Waṭṭa Quarter, Safed (Ẓefat) (Pp. 225–233), Anastasia Shapiro Jan 2025

Petrographic Examination Of Selected Pottery Vessels From The Al-Waṭṭa Quarter, Safed (Ẓefat) (Pp. 225–233), Anastasia Shapiro

'Atiqot

Archaeological excavations in the al-Waṭṭa quarter in Safed unearthed a significant pottery collection dated to the Mamluk period. Of these, 22 ceramic vessels, including plain and glazed cooking and table wares, were selected for petrographic analysis. The finds were ascribed to three groups: Group 1, originating in the Mount Ḥermon foothills, in the southern Lebanon Range or in Transjordan; Group II, probably a local source, likely pointing to a local production; and Group III, a Basaltic Brown Mediterranean soil, which outcrops in the Jordan Valley, the Golan Heights and the Korazim plateau.

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The Coins From The Al-Waṭṭa Quarter, Safed (Ẓefat) (Pp. 155–223), Robert Kool, Ariel Berman Jan 2025

The Coins From The Al-Waṭṭa Quarter, Safed (Ẓefat) (Pp. 155–223), Robert Kool, Ariel Berman

'Atiqot

A total of 666 coins were unearthed in the excavation of the densely populated medieval neighborhood of al-Waṭṭa, Safed, including isolated coin finds and two hoards. One hoard (A) comprises 125 Mamluk silver dirhams and Venetian grossi, which were concealed together in an earthenware money box, and the other, smaller hoard (B), comprises 33 copper fulus. The distribution pattern of the coin types and mints provides previously unknown details concerning the use and circulation of coins within the Mamluk state, between the fourteenth and early sixteenth centuries CE.

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A Mamluk-Period Glass Assemblage From The Al-Waṭṭa Quarter, Safed (Ẓefat) (Pp. 101–153), Yael Gorin-Rosen Jan 2025

A Mamluk-Period Glass Assemblage From The Al-Waṭṭa Quarter, Safed (Ẓefat) (Pp. 101–153), Yael Gorin-Rosen

'Atiqot

The salvage excavation conducted in the al-Waṭṭa quarter in Safed yielded a rich and diverse glass assemblage dated to the Mamluk period (fourteenth century CE). The assemblage includes domestic wares, such as tableware, drinking and pouring vessels, storage vessels and lighting devices, alongside decorated vessels, including a large group of marvered and mold-blown vessels, as well as vessels exhibiting enamel painting. This is the first detailed study of Mamluk glass from the region and constitutes a pioneering work for some of the vessels.

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Remains From The Mamluk Period In The Al-Waṭṭa Quarter, Safed (Ẓefat) (With A Contribution By Oded Katz) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–95*; English Summary, Pp. 271–275), Edna Dalali-Amos, Nimrod Getzov Jan 2025

Remains From The Mamluk Period In The Al-Waṭṭa Quarter, Safed (Ẓefat) (With A Contribution By Oded Katz) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–95*; English Summary, Pp. 271–275), Edna Dalali-Amos, Nimrod Getzov

'Atiqot

The excavation on the western slope of the city of Safed revealed building remains of the Mamluk-period neighborhood of al-Waṭṭa (fourteenth–fifteenth centuries CE). Four strata were documented: Stratum IV, including pre-Mamluk remains; Stratum III, the main occupation layer, including dense building remains of a Mamluk-period neighborhood; Stratum II, a layer of debris within and between the Stratum III buildings; and Stratum I, a post-occupation layer. Stratum III came to a dramatic end in the first or second decade of the fifteenth century CE, probably due to an earthquake. Many pottery vessels, as well as glass vessels, coins, and metal and …

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