Metallurgy Commons^™

Experimental Performance Evaluation Of A Hyper-Branched Polymer Electrolyte For Rechargeable Li-Air Batteries, Susanta K. Das, Joel Berry, Abhijit Sarkar

Mechanical Engineering Publications

A hyper-branched polymer (HBP) electrolyte is synthesized for rechargeable lithium-air (Li-air) battery cell and experimentally evaluated its performance in actual battery cell environment. Several real-world battery cells were fabricated with synthesized HBP electrolyte, pure lithium metal as anode and an oxygen permeable air cathode to evaluate reproducibility of the rechargeable Li-air battery cell. The effect of various conditions such as various HBP based electrolytes, discharge current −0.1~0.5 mA, cathode preparation processes and carbon contents on the battery cell performance were experimentally evaluated using the fabricated battery cells under dry air condition. Detailed HBP electrolyte synthesis procedures and experimental performance evaluation …

Materials-Processing Relationships For Metal Fused Filament Fabrication Of Ti-6al-4v Alloy., Paramjot Singh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Additive manufacturing (AM) is at the mainstream to cater the needs for rapid tooling and small-scale part production. The metal AM of complex geometries is widely accepted and promoted in the industry. While several metal AM technologies exist and are matured to a level where expectation in terms of design and properties are possible to realize. But the metal AM suffers from the heavy expense to acquire equipment, isotropic property challenges, and potential hazards to work with loose reactive metal powder. With this motivation, the dissertation aims to develop the fundamental aspects to print metal parts with bound Ti-6Al-4V powder …

Selective Laser Melting 17-4 Ph Stainless Steel And The Effect Of Varied Thermal Treatments On Fatigue Behavior., Sean Daniel Dobson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Fatigue failure is the leading source of loss in industry. In order for new means of manufacturing to move towards mainstream use a complete understanding of material and mechanical behavior must be gained. This endeavor seeks to aide in that task by observing the fatigue behavior of selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing (AM) specimens and the effect of differing thermal treatment conditions for an optimized AM process. Stainless steel 17-4 PH specimens were fabricated using SLM AM and thermally treated to three conditions: as-built, solutionized and hardened, and direct hardened. These specimens were characterized for material (powder quality, density, …

Discontinuous Grain Boundaries Of Forged René 41, Aaron Rabin, Bryce Bitter

Materials Engineering

Certain nickel-based alloys, particularly René 41, characteristically have many low-angle grain boundaries (grain arrangements of less than 15 degrees), present in the microstructure of an in-use component. Frequently, these low-angle grain boundaries are not optically visible after the etching process, leading to the phenomena of discontinuous grain boundaries. There exists a risk for René 41 grain boundary characterization; since one cannot assume that a grain boundary continues beyond a discontinuity, the grain size requirements become difficult to meet. Despite favorable characteristics of René 41, such as the corrosion and oxidation resistance coupled with excellent strength at high temperatures, the risks …

Spherical Cavity Expansion Approach For The Study Of Rigid-Penetrator’S Impact Problems, Mario Buchely, Alejandro Marañon

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In recent years, Spherical Cavity Expansion (SCE) theory has been extensively utilized to model dynamic deformation processes related to indentation and penetration problems in many fields. In this review, the SCE theory is introduced by explaining the different mathematical features of this theory, its solution, and a potential application to model the penetration of a rigid penetrator into a deformable target. First, a chronologically literature review of the most common models used to study this kind of penetration problems is introduced, focusing on the SCE theory. Then, the engineering model of penetration is presented using the SCE approach. The model …

Defect Characterization Of Additively Manufactured Parts, Sabrina D'Alesandro, Joy Gockel, Andrew Harvey

Celebration of Undergraduate & Graduate Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activities Materials

This document describes various image processing techniques to be used for defect characterization of additively manufactured parts. This will help the reader gain knowledge of materials science engineering and the nuances in analyzing data from image processing software.

Additive manufacturing is shaping the manufacturing world through simplistic household printers’ to more complex metal printers used for a variety of applications. Specifically, laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is an additive manufacturing process that deposits metal powder over the build plate and melts it with a laser in the shape of the build part. In order to make LPBF more efficient with …

A Novel Method For Making Titanium Dioxide For Photocatalytic Applications, Gary Wilson

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Titanium dioxide possesses near-ideal properties for large-scale application as a photocatalyst. It is cheap and abundant, nontoxic, and environmentally safe. However, it still suffers from logistical problems preventing its application in industry: namely, rapid electron-hole recombination and inability to utilize visible light. For nearly five decades researchers in this booming field have made numerous attempts to address these problems, doping and combining titanium dioxide with a wide range of materials. A novel ambient-temperature approach to synthesis and doping/modification of anatase-form titanium dioxide was attempted using both oxygen-rich and oxygen deprived synthetic routes. Reactants were exposed to various wavelengths of ultraviolet …

Effect Of Frother Strength And Solids On Gas Dispersion In A Cavitation Sparger Measured By Electrical Resistance Tomography, Philip Holdsworth

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Gas dispersion in column flotation is critical for optimizing particle-bubble interaction and maximizing recovery. The effect of various flotation frothers on axial gas dispersion rates in a column flotation cell were measured using electrical resistance tomography (ERT). Tests included two-phase (gas-liquid) and three-phase (gas-liquid-solid) to determine the effect of mechanical parameters and the presence of solids on gas dispersion. Gas holdup can be measured using ERT and utilized in the determination of axial gas dispersion rate in the column. The ERT is constructed with two sensor planes making it possible to simultaneously capture gas holdup values at one cm and …

Effects Of Collision Damage On The Ultimate Strength Of Fpso Vessels, Muhammad Zubair Muis Alie, Dian Ramasari, Taufiqur Rachman, Ristiyanto Adiputra

Makara Journal of Technology

Floating production storage offloading (FPSO) vessels are movable offshore structures. These structures are designed with large dimensions, and their decks are loaded with several types of equipment. During collision damage, the hull and deck parts loaded with equipment are severely affected. Therefore, the ultimate strength of FPSO vessels should be thoroughly checked and evaluated. The objective of the present study is to analyze the ultimate strength of FPSO vessels against collision damage characterized by hogging and sagging under longitudinal bending. The cross section of an FPSO vessel is modeled with elements composed of stiffened and unstiffened plates. The vessel length …

Ionic Conductivity And Electrochemical Properties Of Alginate–Nn4no3-Based Biopolymer Electrolytes For Edlc Application, Norfatihah Binti Mazuki, Nur Muhitul Jalilah Rasali, Bouchta Sahraoui, Ahmad Salihin Samsudin

Makara Journal of Technology

In this work, alginate doped with various contents of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) as a solid biopolymer electrolyte (SBE) was prepared via casting by using distilled water as a solvent. Impedance studies on alginate–NH4NO3 SBE films were conducted via impedance spectroscopy. The lowest bulk resistance (Rb) showed that the maximum ionic conductivity of the sample containing 25 wt.% NH4NO3 at ambient temperature (303 K) was 5.56 × 10−5 S cm−1. The temperature dependence of ionic conductivity was evaluated, and results confirmed that electrolytes followed an Arrhenius behavior. The highest conducting sample was fabricated into an electrical double-layer capacitor and characterized in …

Synthesis Of Epoxy Monoethanolamide From Bauhinia Monandra Seed Oil, Adewale Adewuyi, Rotimi A. Oderinde

Makara Journal of Technology

In this study, we synthesized epoxidised monoethanolamide (EMA) from Bauhinia monandra seed oil (BMO) via a simple reaction route. In this process, BMO was transesterified to obtain a mixture of methyl esters, which was subjected to a urea adduct complexation reaction. The unsaturated methyl esters (BME) from the urea adduct complexation reaction were then epoxidised using performic acid produced in situ in a one-pot reaction system. The epoxidised methyl esters were converted to EMA by reacting them with monoethanolamine (1:10). The progression of the reaction was monitored using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the …

Parametric Investigation Of Effect Of Abnormal Process Conditions On Self-Piercing Riveting, Taek-Eon Jeong, Dong-Hyuck Kam, Cheolhee Kim

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Self-piercing riveting (SPR) is one of the mechanical joining processes, and its application to Al/Fe dissimilar materials combination, which is hard to weld, is expanding in the automotive industry. The main process parameters in SPR are types of rivet and die, setting force, and rivet setting speed. Previously, the relationship between the main process parameters and output parameters such as cross-sectional characteristics and joint strength has been studied to optimize the SPR process. In practical applications, there are unexpected and abnormal process conditions such as poor fit-up, angular misalignment, edge offset distance, and inaccurate setting and pre-clamping forces, and their …

Ethylene Carbonate And Polyethylene Glycol As Efficient Plasticizers In Cmc-Pva-Nh4no3-Based Polymer Electrolyte, Noor Saadiah Mohd Ali, Yuki Nagao, Ahmad Salihin Samsudin

Makara Journal of Technology

This study investigated the influence of plasticizers (polyethylene glycol [PEG] and ethylene carbonate [EC]) on the ionic conduction of CMC-PVA-NH4NO3. Blended biopolymer electrolytes (BBEs) based on carboxymethyl cellulose–polyvinyl alcohol (CMC-PVA) doped with ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) were obtained via casting solution technique incorporated with PEG and EC, which acted as plasticizers. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was conducted to evaluate the effect of plasticization on the ionic conduction properties. The ionic conductivity improved from 1.70 × 10−3 S/cm for un-plasticized BBEs to 3.92 × 10−3 S/cm for plasticized BBEs with EC and 3.00 × 10−3 S/cm for plasticized BBEs with PEG. The …

Current Status Of Hydrothermal Treatment For Energy And Material Recovery Toward A Sustainable Post-Consumer Material Cycle, Baskoro Lokahita, Muhammad Aziz, Fumitake Takahashi

Makara Journal of Technology

The demand for energy-efficient and environmentally friendly municipal solid waste (MSW) processing has increased in developing countries. The thermochemical process offers a fast and reliable solution to reutilize or reduce the volume of MSW. Hydrothermal treatment is a novel MSW treatment technology that is compatible with high-moisture-content feedstock. It involves the thermal degradation of MSW in pressurized water or steam, which promotes the disintegration of cellulosic and polymer materials. Recent advances have shown effective MSW conversion into homogenous solid hydrochar with higher energy density. Alkali and chlorine content, which causes issues in combustors, was successfully removed due to the washing …

Liquefaction Potential Analysis Based On Nonlinear Ground Response On The Coastline Of Bengkulu City, Indonesia, Lindung Zalbuin Mase

Makara Journal of Technology

This paper presents the study of the seismic response and liquefaction potential of the coastal area of Bengkulu City during the September 2007 Sumatra earthquake. The study is conducted by collecting site investigation data (standard penetration test) and applying input motion to observe soil response. Synthetic ground motion is generated by considering the important aspects of earthquakes, including focal depth, epicenter, earthquake source, and site classification. The synthetized ground motion is then used as the input motion in the seismic response analysis. The results of this analysis are spectral acceleration and peak ground acceleration at each depth. The resulting spectral …

Comparison Of Phytoremediation And Filtration For Diamond-Mine-Tailings Water Treatment, M. Hafidhuddin Noor, Mijani Rahman, Akhmad Gazali, Nia Kania, Aulia Rahma, Erdina L.A. Rampun, Amalia E. Pratiwi, Muthia Elma

Makara Journal of Technology

The water pollution caused by diamond mine activities can kill aquatic life. In this work, we used phytoremediation and filtration to treat pond water polluted by the tailings of a diamond mine located in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Einchhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) was utilized as the biomass for the phytoremediation process. Gravel (10–15 mm) and sand (0.1–1 mm) were used as filter media in the simple filtration setup, using an up-flow system (bottom to top). In the experiment, 16 L of diamond tailing water was poured into five phytoremediation reactors (each 60 L in volume), which were then tested over seven …

Thermally Driven Spin Transport In Ferromagnetic Metals, Wafa Saud Aljuaid

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Since the discovery in 2008, the spin Seebeck effect has become one of the most active topics in the spin caloritronics research field. It opened a new way to create spin current by a combination of magnetic fields and heat. A temperature gradient in ferromagnetic (FM) metals generates a ow of spin current due to split of spin chemical potential between spin up and spin down electrons. This thermal spin current has been detected using an attached nonmagnetic heavy metal with large spin Hall angle via the inverse spin hall effect (ISHE). A voltage signal is generated since the nonmagnetic …

Additive Manufacturing Of Copper-Based Alloy By Laser Powder Bed Fusion, Binghao Lu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Copper (Cu) and Cu-alloy are good candidates for the engineered components that require good thermal and electrical conductivity. Since industry often needs sophisticated components that cannot be made easily by traditional methods, such as casting, forging and machining, research for additive manufacturing of copper-based alloy is on demand. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the optimization of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) of Cu-10 wt.% Sn alloy and pure Cu based on their characteristics such as relative density/porosity, surface roughness, phase constitutes, melt pool dimension, and dendrite arm spacings dimension, determined by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Scanning electron microscope. LPBF, …

Lateral Bracing Of Beams Provided By Standing Seam Roof System: Concepts And Case Study, Gengrui Wei, Benjamin Schafer, Michael Seek, Matthew Eatherton

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

The standing seam roof (SSR) system is the most commonly used roof system for metal buildings due to its superior durability, water tightness, and energy efficiency. In this type of system, SSR panels attach to Z-shaped or C-shaped purlins with clips, and the purlins are in turn connected to rafters (i.e. roof beams). For the design of metal building rafters against lateral torsional buckling, bottom flange braces provide torsional bracing to the rafter and the SSR system provides some lateral bracing. However, the degree to which the SSR system can restrain the rafter against lateral movement has not previously been …

Effect Of Cerium And Magnesium Additions On The Strength And Morphology Of The Intermetallic Compound Layers In Aluminum-Steel Dissimilar Castings, Matt Thomas

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Dissimilar castings are under investigation due to their light-weighting opportunities within the automotive industry. In this case, dissimilar castings consist of a solid steel core and a poured aluminum component. The strength and integrity of the casting relies on the coherency of the bond between the two components; by optimizing the metallurgical component of the bonding phenomena, the weight and complexity of the insert can be reduced, further increasing the light-weighting opportunities. An interface comprised of intermetallics, generally Fe₄Al₁₃ and Fe₂Al₅, forms between the two components with the latter forming nearest the steel. …

Modeling Of Scrap Dissolution In Molten Iron For The Case Of Heat Transfer-Controlled Process By Different Approaches And Comparison Of Their Accuracies, Ajay Kumar Shukla, Brahma Deo, D. G.C. Robertson

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Dissolution of steel scrap in molten iron is studied by using analytical as well as numerical approaches for the case of a heat transfer-controlled process. The approaches used are Green's function approach, quasi-static approach, integral profile method (IPM) (with parabolic profile), and finite difference methods (FDM). Application of FDM explicit and FDM implicit with fixed grid and variable grid is described. Accuracy of all the approaches is compared in terms of total dissolution time evaluated from overall heat balance criterion. The selection rule of time step and deciding the suitable approach for achieving minimum error for different operating conditions, represented …

Aging Response On The Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior Of Wrought Precipitation-Hardened Magnesium Alloy, G. R. Argade, S. K. Panigrahi, R. S. Mishra

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Constant immersion testing and slow strain rate testing (SSRT) are conducted on wrought magnesium alloy in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. After solution annealing (SA) at 525 °C for 8 h, the alloy was isothermally aged at 210 °C for 15 h, 48 h, and 144 h to obtain underaged (UA), peak-aged (PA), and overaged (OA) microstructures, respectively. After 32 days of constant exposure in chloride solution, the SA and UA samples showed the lowest (~ 0.10 mg cm−2 day−1) and the highest (~ 0.20 mg cm−2 day−1) weight loss, respectively. SSRT was carried out at an initial strain rate …

Jominy Hardenability Tester With In-Situ Heating, Luke Allen

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This project centers on building a Jominy Hardenability tester with In-Situ heating for the manufacturing lab at the University of Akron. A new process and setup will be designed using engineering concepts in order to make the testing more efficient and safer for the teaching and testing of metal hardness. The current Jominy testing setup has efficiency issues within the transfer of specimen from induction heater to testing rig. Our design will simplify the design by creating a test rig that removes the traveling aspect of the specimen which will limit the amount of premature cooling done and will be …

The Corrosion Behavior Of Aisi 304l Stainless Steel In Simulated Concrete Pore Solution. And A New Marketing Plan For Stainless Steel Rebars., Kenny Aronson

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The purpose of this project is to study the corrosion behavior of AISI 304L stainless steel, and to present the results for a new marketing strategy for a steel rebar manufacturer. This experiment involved the usage of cyclic potentiodynamic polarization tests to investigate the effect of chlorides on the pitting corrosion behavior of AISI 304L stainless steel in a simulated concrete pore solution with 3.5 wt.% chlorides. The results of this experiment showed that the chlorides caused a large increase in the corrosion current density of AISI 304L stainless steel indicating increased susceptibility to general corrosion and pitting corrosion. The …

Table Top Dome Tester, Travis Bernard, Sarah Kassinger, Amanda O'Reilly, Scott Salerno

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The Erichsen Cupping Test was used as a basis to design a dome tester. The intention of a dome tester is to test sheet metal material properties in all directions. This was done by clamping a piece of sheet metal and using a piston and hydraulic press to punch through the material. The force used to punch the material and the height of the deforming material can be gathered and the sheet metal properties can then be calculated. At the end of the project the team was able to successfully design and manufacture a hydraulic dome tester. However, due to …

Galvanic Corrosion In Aluminum/Steel Joints, Maegan Saul

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

As car manufacturers seek to use lighter weight materials, aluminum is being more commonly used in the construction of vehicles. However, the strength of steel cannot be matched and both metals are necessary, leading to the joining of dissimilar metals. This connection of different metals leads to a galvanic coupling and subsequent corrosion of the less noble metal. This project aims to observe the corrosion and galvanic coupling behavior of aluminum alloys and carbon steel so that a model may be produced which can accurately predict the expected responses of the metals in various environments. Better, more accurate modeling of …

Tabletop Mechanical Tester, Jamie Dombroski, Brian English, Richard Leffler, Andrew Shirk

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The need for hands-on and face-to-face experiences in the engineering classroom is very great. The equations, principles, and concepts can all be learned, but without the visual and tactile application, these don’t always sink in or become concrete. A small-scale tensile test machine was designed, sourced, manufactured, and tested for the purpose of being applied in classroom settings to provide this experience to engineering students. Extensive research was performed concerning tensile machines on the market, the essential elements of which are the load cell, grips, crosshead, extensometer, motor, and frame. The raw materials for the frame were purchased and drawings …

The Effects Of Carbon Equivalent, Return Ratios, Mold Preparation, Riser Feed And Casting Temperature On The Microstructural And Mechanical Properties Of 100-70-03 Pearlitic Ductile Iron, Erin Vandusen

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The most common and costly detriments to ductile iron foundries are casting defects, particularly in new and complex components. The ability to understand the factors and processes that create microstructures and the associated properties would allow accurate virtual predictions of casting outcomes. An experimental study of standard foundry variables, carbon equivalent, return ratio, mold preparation, riser feed, and casting temperature on a target of 100-70-03 pearlitic, hypereutectic ductile iron provided the groundwork for an ICME database. Density decreased when the fraction of graphite nodules was greater due to the low density of graphite. A greater percentage of return scrap and …

Influence Of Rapid Solidification And Wrought Processing On Precipitation Strengthening And Deformation Mechanisms In Al-Sc-Zr Alloys, Yang Yang

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Al-Sc-Zr alloys have drawn increasing attention in the last several decades due to their strengthening and coarsening resistance. In this study, solute concentrations of Sc and Zr were increased beyond their equilibrium solubilities without primary precipitate formation using melt-spinning. The melt-spun ribbon was metallurgically bonded into bulk shape using extrusion. With the proper aging treatment, the mechanical properties of the supersaturated melt-spun ribbon and extruded rod were found to be significantly higher than a baseline dilute alloy. Increased mechanical properties include microhardness, tensile strength at ambient-temperature, and compressive strength and threshold stress at and elevated-temperature. These increases were related to …

Artificial Intelligence In Plasma Electrolytic Micro-Oxidation For Surface Hardening - Insights From Scholarly Citation Networks And Patents., Priya Jadhav, Dr.Arun Bongale, Dr.Satish Kumar, Dr.Amit Kumar Tiwari

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Objective - The purpose of this article is to analyze the top work areas and patent domains in the field of surface hardening by micro-arc oxidation. Also, it is directed on the opportunities of data analysis by different machine learning tools. Material and methods - The www.lens.org database is used to collect articles from Elsevier, Trans tech publications, Springer New York, MDPI, etc. to review the relevant articles as well as patents related to the topic. The result - A total of 1057 articles were published in 60 different journals and 756 patents in the area of research under various …