Electrical and Electronics Commons^™

Experimental Determination Of Electron-Hole Pair Creation Energy In 4h-Sic Epitaxial Layer: An Absolute Calibration Approach, S. K. Chaudhuri, K. J. Zavalla, K. C. Mandal

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Post-Detonation Combustion In Explosives Incorporating Aluminum Nanoparticles: Influence Of The Passivation Layer, William K. Lewis, C. G. Rumchik, M. J. Smith, K. A. Shiral Fernando, Christopher A. Crouse, Jonathan E. Spowart, Elena A. Guliants, Christopher E. Bunker

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Aluminum nanoparticles and explosive formulations that incorporate them have been a subject of ongoing interest due to the potential of aluminum particles to dramatically increase energy content relative to conventional organic explosives. We have used time-resolved atomic and molecular emission spectroscopy to monitor the combustion of aluminum nanoparticles within the overall chemical dynamicsof post-detonation fireballs. We have studied the energy release dynamics of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) charges incorporating three types of aluminum nanoparticles: commercial oxide-passivated nanoparticles, oleic acid-capped aluminum nanoparticles (AlOA), and nanoparticles in which the oxide shell of the particle has been functionalized with an acrylic monomer and copolymerized into …

Study The Carrier Frequency Offset (Cfo) For Wireless Ofdm, Saeed Mohseni

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Due to high proficiency with high bandwidth efficiency, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has been selected for broadband wireless communication systems. Since OFDM can provide large data rates with sufficient robustness to radio channel impairments, and due to its robustness against the multipath delay spread, OFDM has always been a designated technique for broadband wireless communication mobile systems. Nevertheless, OFDM suffers from Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO). CFO has been recognized as a major disadvantage of OFDM. CFO can lead to the frequency mismatch in transmitter and receiver oscillator. Lack of the synchronization of the local oscillator signal (L.OSC), for down …

Electricity Markets, Smart Grids And Smart Buildings, Jonathan Falcey

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A smart grid is an electricity network that accommodates two-way power flows, and utilizes two-way communications and increased measurement, in order to provide more information to customers and aid in the development of a more efficient electricity market. The current electrical network is outdated and has many shortcomings relating to power flows, inefficient electricity markets, generation/supply balance, a lack of information for the consumer and insufficient consumer interaction with electricity markets. Many of these challenges can be addressed with a smart grid, but there remain significant barriers to the implementation of a smart grid.

This paper proposes a novel method …

Control Of Harmonics In 6-Pulse Rectifiers, Sudeep K. Pyakuryal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Harmonics are always present in electrical power systems. Harmonic distortion is harmless as long as its level is within the limit. However, with the recent rapid advancement of power electronics, i.e. non linear loads, the use of the variable speed drives are increasing day by day. Harmonics produced by non-linear loads are a potential risk if they are not evaluated, predicted, and controlled.

The power electronic switching devices like thyristor used in the rectifier circuits inject harmonic distortion to the utility grid in different applications. The harmonic distortion causes different problems in the power system. To minimize the unwanted effects …

Learning Hierarchical Representations For Video Analysis Using Deep Learning, Yang Yang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

With the exponential growth of the digital data, video content analysis (e.g., action, event recognition) has been drawing increasing attention from computer vision researchers. Effective modeling of the objects, scenes, and motions is critical for visual understanding. Recently there has been a growing interest in the bio-inspired deep learning models, which has shown impressive results in speech and object recognition. The deep learning models are formed by the composition of multiple non-linear transformations of the data, with the goal of yielding more abstract and ultimately more useful representations. The advantages of the deep models are three fold: 1) They learn …

Control Of The Shunt Active Power Filter Under Non-Ideal Grid Voltage And Unbalanced Load Conditions, Samet Biricik, Soydan Redif, Ozgur Ozerdem, Malabika Basu

Conference papers

In this study a new method is proposed in order to improve the harmonic suppression efficiency of Active Power Filter for the problems caused by the distorted and unbalanced voltages with unbalanced load currents in control strategy. The proposed control method gives an adequate compensating current reference even for non ideal voltage and unbalanced current conditions. The results of simulation study are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control technique in this study.

Silicon Photonic Devices For Optical Delay Lines And Mid Infrared Applications, Saeed Khan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Silicon photonics has been a rapidly growing subfield of integrated optics and optoelectronic in the last decade and is currently considered a mature technology. The main thrust behind the growth is its compatibility with the mature and low-cost microelectronic integrated circuits fabrication process. In recent years, several active and passive photonic devices and circuits have been demonstrated on silicon. Optical delay lines are among important silicon photonic devices, which are essential for a variety of photonic system applications including optical beam-forming for controlling phased-array antennas, optical communication and networking systems and optical coherence tomography. In this thesis, several types of …

Suction Detection And Feedback Control For The Rotary Left Ventricular Assist Device, Yu Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) is a rotary mechanical pump that is implanted in patients with congestive heart failure to help the left ventricle in pumping blood in the circulatory system. The rotary type pumps are controlled by varying the pump motor current to adjust the amount of blood flowing through the LVAD. One important challenge in using such a device is the desire to provide the patient with as close to a normal lifestyle as possible until a donor heart becomes available. The development of an appropriate feedback controller that is capable of automatically adjusting the pump current …

Development Of An Oceanic Rain Accumulation Product In Support Of Sea Surface Salinity Measurements From Aquarius/Sac-D, Shadi Aslebagh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Aquarius/SAC-D is a joint mission by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE), Argentine Space Agency. The satellite was launched in June 2011 and the prime remote sensing instrument is also named Aquarius (AQ). The main objective of this science program is to provide Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) maps of the global oceans every 7 days for understanding the Earth’s hydrologic cycle and for assessing long-term global climate change. The Aquarius instrument was built jointly by NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. It is an active/passive L-band remote sensor …

Cooperative Control And Advanced Management Of Distributed Generators In A Smart Grid, Ali Maknouninejad

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Smart grid is more than just the smart meters. The future smart grids are expected to include a high penetration of distributed generations (DGs), most of which will consist of renewable energy sources, such as solar or wind energy. It is believed that the high penetration of DGs will result in the reduction of power losses, voltage profile improvement, meeting future load demand, and optimizing the use of non-conventional energy sources. However, more serious problems will arise if a decent control mechanism is not exploited. An improperly managed high PV penetration may cause voltage profile disturbance, conflict with conventional network …

On-Chip Electro-Static Discharge (Esd) Protection For Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits, Qiang Cui

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) phenomenon is a common phenomenon in daily life and it could damage the integrated circuit throughout the whole cycle of product from the manufacturing. Several ESD stress models and test methods have been used to reproduce ESD events and characterize ESD protection device's performance. The basic ESD stress models are: Human Body Model (HBM), Machine Model (MM), and Charged Device Model (CDM). On-chip ESD protection devices are widely used to discharge ESD current and limit the overstress voltage under different ESD events. Some effective ESD protection devices were reported for low speed circuit applications such as analog …

Human Action Localization And Recognition In Unconstrained Videos, Hakan Boyraz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As imaging systems become ubiquitous, the ability to recognize human actions is becoming increasingly important. Just as in the object detection and recognition literature, action recognition can be roughly divided into classification tasks, where the goal is to classify a video according to the action depicted in the video, and detection tasks, where the goal is to detect and localize a human performing a particular action. A growing literature is demonstrating the benefits of localizing discriminative sub-regions of images and videos when performing recognition tasks. In this thesis, we address the action detection and recognition problems. Action detection in video …

Design Optimization Of Llc Topology And Phase Skipping Control Of Three Phase Inverter For Pv Applications, Utsav Somani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The world is heading towards an energy crisis and desperate efforts are being made to find an alternative, reliable and clean source of energy. Solar Energy is one of the most clean and reliable source of renewable energy on earth. Conventionally, extraction of solar power for electricity generation was limited to PV farms, however lately Distributed Generation form of Solar Power has emerged in the form of residential and commercial Grid Tied Micro-Inverters. Grid Tied Micro-Inverters are costly when compared to their string type counterparts because one inverter module is required for every single or every two PV panels whereas …

Load Estimation For Electric Power Distribution Networks, Chiebuka Eyisi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In electric power distribution systems, the major determinant in electricity supply strategy is the quantity of demand. Customers need to be accurately represented using updated nodal load information as a requirement for efficient control and operation of the distribution network. In Distribution Load Estimation (DLE), two major categories of data are utilized: historical data and direct real-time measured data. In this thesis, a comprehensive survey on the state-of-the-art methods for estimating loads in distribution networks is presented. Then, a novel method for representing historical data in the form of Representative Load Curves (RLCs) for use in realtime DLE is also …

Time And Space Efficient Techniques For Facial Recognition, Waleed Alrasheed

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in face recognition. As a result, many new facial recognition techniques have been introduced. Recent developments in the field of face recognition have led to an increase in the number of available face recognition commercial products. However, Face recognition techniques are currently constrained by three main factors: recognition accuracy, computational complexity, and storage requirements. The problem is that most of the current face recognition techniques succeed in improving one or two of these factors at the expense of the others. In this dissertation, four novel face recognition techniques that improve the …

A Study On The Power Quality Of Dg Integrated Building Energy System In Virtual Environment, Shafiuzzaman K. Khadem, Ruth Kerrigan, Malabika Basu, Biswajit Basu

Conference papers

In this paper, the electrical energy demand of a typical residential building has been extracted from a Virtual Environment (VE) simulation. The extracted energy demand is generated by input load demand and hourly operating information. Based on the electrical energy demand for a typical day, a building integrated photovoltaic (PV) system is then simulated in MATLAB to extract the current/voltage disturbance information into the network. Outcome of this simulation shows the voltage/current waveform along with the disturbances at different locations in the building. The city of Dublin, Ireland has been chosen as a geographical location and VE-Pro software has been …

Wireless Sensor Networks And The Internet Of Things, Yingtao Jiang, Lei Zhang, Ling Wang

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

It is estimated that mobile internet devices that can act as sensors will outnumber humans this year (2013), and by 2015, there will be about 15 billion internet-connected devices. Related applications are thriving in commercial, civic, and scientific operations that involve sensors, web, and services, leading by both academic societies and industry companies. It is commonly accepted that the next generation of internet is becoming the “Internet of Things (IoT)” which is a worldwide network of interconnected objects and their virtual representations uniquely addressable based on standard communication protocols. Identified by a unique address, any object including computers, mobile phones, …

System Modeling And Optimization In Phase-Modulated Optical Fiber Communication Systems, Craig Huang

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

In this two-part study, the conclusions drawn from optimization of interferometer incoherent detection carried out by examining the effect of pre-emphasis within the electrical signal-driving path are examined first. This is an expansion upon a widespread industry standard as realized by the Oclaro group. System performance in tight optical filtering conditions can be improved with concurrent adjustments to the level of pre- emphasis and breadth of the delay-line interferometer free-spectral range. In the second study, we implement a dual-polarization quadrature phase-shift keyed modulation format with a digital signal processing block based upon the constant modulus algorithm realized via a feed-forward …

Reduction Of Circulating Current Flow In Parallel Operation Of Apf Based On Hysteresis Current Control, Shafiuzzaman K. Khadem, Malabika Basu, Michael Conlon

Conference papers

Capacity enhancement and operation flexibility are two of the important limitations of the centralized Shunt Active Power Filter (APF_sh) unit. This can be overcome by multiple and parallel APF_sh units (in distributed mode) with a common DC link. In that case, a circulating current (CC) can flow. In the case of a hysteresis current controller based multiple APF_sh units in load sharing mode, this CC control is not yet achieved. One of the difficulties of this CC flow control or reduction is the variable switching frequency of the APF_sh units. In this paper, the model …

Effects Of Blood Flow On The Heating Of Cardiac Stents Due To Radio Frequency Fields, Nate Ian Elder

Open Access Theses

A safety concern during MRI scans with implanted medical devices is heating induced by the incident RF field. This research was performed to better understand the heating of cardiac stents during MRI. Heating of cardiac stents tends to occur at their ends. The temperature rise will be affected by blood flow through the lumen of the stent. In this work, an experiment was performed to simulate heating of a cardiac stent in the presence of blood flow during exposure to the electric field induced by a 64 MHz magnetic field, which corresponds to MRI at 1.5 T. The test procedure …

Time Domain Simulation Of Novel Photovoltaic Materials, Haejun Chung

Open Access Theses

Thin-film silicon-based solar cells have operated far from the Shockley- Queisser limit in all experiments to date. Novel light-trapping structures, however, may help address this limitation. Finite-difference time domain simulation methods offer the potential to accurately determine the light-trapping potential of arbitrary dielectric structures, but suffer from materials modeling problems. In this thesis, existing dispersion models for novel photovoltaic materials will be reviewed, and a novel dispersion model, known as the quadratic complex rational function (QCRF), will be proposed. It has the advantage of accurately fitting experimental semiconductor dielectric values over a wide bandwidth in a numerically stable fashion. Applying …

Autonomous Orientation And Geolocation Via Celestial Objects, Cheng Liu

Open Access Theses

Based on a hemispherical sensor geometry, a novel celestial navigation system is developed to use celestial objects to determine the absolute location and orientation information without the aid of satellites via two different approaches.

The first approach employs a hemispherical arrangement of light intensity sensors to determine the vector to the dominant light source. We present the sensing system to measure the sun vector via least squares method and achieve the application of a low-cost, small-sized solar compass. The system is shown to work well under ideal conditions but is susceptible to noise and uncertainties in some situations.

The second …

Performance-On-Demand Mems (Podmems): Electrical Control Of Effective Mass, Damping, And Stiffness, Shehrin Sayed

Open Access Theses

We propose the use of electrostatic force feedback to control the stiffness, damping, or mass of MEMS. If feedback forces are proportional to sensed displacement, velocity, or acceleration of a MEMS proof mass, then feedback can be used to increase or decrease the apparent stiffness, damping, and or mass of the MEMS. Such feedback can be used to compensate for process variations, packaging stress, thermal drift, viscous damping, etc. Prior efforts by others include position or velocity based feedback for modifying frequency, bandwidth, quality factor, or sensitivity of resonators. We present a means of quantitative control of stiffness, damping, and …

Information Measures For Statistical Orbit Determination, Alinda Kenyana Mashiku

Open Access Dissertations

The current Situational Space Awareness (SSA) is faced with a huge task of tracking the increasing number of space objects. The tracking of space objects requires frequent and accurate monitoring for orbit maintenance and collision avoidance using methods for statistical orbit determination. Statistical orbit determination enables us to obtain estimates of the state and the statistical information of its region of uncertainty given by the probability density function (PDF). As even collision events with very low probability are important, accurate prediction of collisions require the representation of the full PDF of the random orbit state. Through representing the full PDF …

Properties Of Peg, Ppg And Their Copolymers Influence On The Gap-Fill Characteristics Of Damascene Interconnects, Kevin Ryan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

A laboratory scale plating cell was built that provided reproducible bottom-up fill results for the electrochemical deposition of copper in damascene features. Several techniques used in the full wafer plating tool were incorporated into the setup to accurately control the process conditions. These techniques included but were not limited to a voltage controlled `hot-entry' step, a custom coupon holder to allow sample rotation, a secondary thief electrode and an automatic entry system. The results of qualification experiments are presented to demonstrate that precise control was realized along with repeatable partial fill plating results. The qualified setup was then used to …

Adaptive Encryption Techniques In Wireless Communication Channels With Tradeoffs Between Communication Reliability And Security, Walid Al Zibideh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Encryption is a vital process to ensure the confidentiality of the information transmitted over an insecure wireless channel. However, the nature of the wireless channel tends to deteriorate because of noise, interference and fading. Therefore, a symmetrically encrypted transmitted signal will be received with some amount of error. Consequently, due to the strict avalanche criterion (sac), this error propagates during the decryption process, resulting in half the bits (on average) after decryption to be in error. In order to alleviate this amount of error, smart coding techniques and/or new encryption algorithms that take into account the nature of wireless channels …

Assessing Performance Of Ncep Rapid Refresh Model To Predict Boundary Layer Properties, David Daniel

Dissertations and Theses

There is a need to be able to estimate the relative humidity in the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) since relative humidity can affect aerosol retrieval. Satellite retrievals of Relative Humidity are extremely complicated since they need to resolve 1km vertical resolution for temperature and water vapor. The AIRS hyperspectral sensor may be able to retrieve relative humidity with 20% RMSE but low correlations with R² – 0.4. The alternative is to explore meteorological forecasts (i.e. Rapid Refresh) to see if we can use them in the processing stream for aerosols. While the state of delay zero is assimilated, the …

Investigation Of Cds Nanowires And Planar Films For Enhanced Performance As Window Layers In Cds-Cdte Solar Cell Devices, Jianhao Chen

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) and cadmium telluride (CdTe) are two leading semiconductor materials used in the fabrication of thin film solar cells of relatively high power conversion efficiency and low manufacturing cost. In this work, CdS/CdTe solar cells with a varying set of processing parameters and device designs were fabricated and characterized for comparative evaluation. Studies were undertaken to elucidate the effects of (i) each step in fabrication and (ii) parameters like thickness, sheet resistance, light absorptivity solution concentration, inert gas pressure etc. Best results were obtained when the thickness of CdS planar film for the window layer was in the …

A Novel Approach To Intelligent Navigation Of A Mobile Robot In A Dynamic And Cluttered Indoor Environment, Daniel Opoku

Dissertations

The need and rationale for improved solutions to indoor robot navigation is increasingly driven by the influx of domestic and industrial mobile robots into the market. This research has developed and implemented a novel navigation technique for a mobile robot operating in a cluttered and dynamic indoor environment. It divides the indoor navigation problem into three distinct but interrelated parts, namely, localization, mapping and path planning. The localization part has been addressed using dead-reckoning (odometry). A least squares numerical approach has been used to calibrate the odometer parameters to minimize the effect of systematic errors on the performance, and an …