Business Commons^™

Innovation Agents, Mirit Eyal-Cohen

Washington and Lee Law Review

The standard narrative of entrepreneurship is one of self-employed creative individuals working out of their garage or independently owned start-up companies. Intrapreneurship— where employees are responsible for being alert to new opportunities inside firms—is another model for developing innovations. Relatively little is known, however, about the latter process through which large, complex firms engage in groundbreaking corporate entrepreneurship.

This Article’s focus is on these types of innovation agents. It provides a thorough account of the positive and negative spillovers of intrapreneurial firms while making the following key points: First, intrapreneurial companies utilize their economies of scale, scope, and age to …

Volatility Interruptions, Idiosyncratic Risk, And Stock Return, Saad A. Alsunbul

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of implementing the static and dynamic volatility interruption rule on idiosyncratic volatility and stock returns in Nasdaq Stockholm. Using EGARCH and GARCH models to estimate the conditional idiosyncratic volatility, we find that the conditional idiosyncratic volatility and stock returns increase as stock prices hit the upper static or dynamic volatility interruption limits. Conversely, we find that the conditional idiosyncratic volatility and stock returns decrease as stock prices hit the lower static or dynamic volatility interruption limit. We also find that the conditional idiosyncratic volatility is higher when stock prices reach …

Impact Of Relative Liquidity Of Stocks And Bonds On The Financing And Investment Decisions Of A Firm, Sohale Altamimi

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

The dissertation consists of two essays. The first essay investigates if market illiquidity is a significant determinant of capital structure decisions. We hypothesize that firms would likely compare the illiquidity of two sources of external funding at a given point in time and issue the one with lower illiquidity. Therefore, if the level of illiquidity is a key driver of firms’ capital structure decisions in that year, the higher the level of stocks illiquidity, the more of its financing needs are satisfied by the issuance of debt, and the higher the level of bonds illiquidity, the less of its financing …

Financial Regulation, Banking, And Sovereign Debt, Rhada Boujlil

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

The dissertation consists of two essays. In the first essay we study the efficiency of banks during the period of (2000-2017) that witnessed a fierce financial crisis in the light of the regulatory acts enacted in response to the crisis (Basel III 2010). We investigate the combined impact of compliance with Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital, common equity Tier 1, and leverage requirements on bank operating efficiency. We measure operational efficiency of 68 insured, U.S. federally and state-chartered, commercial banks, with consolidated assets of $15 billion or more, over a sampling period of 18 years. We seek to identify …

State Ownership, Firm Specific Risk And Momentum Trading, Saeed Nassir Algahtani

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

The dissertation consists of two essays. In the first essay, we investigate the relation of government ownership to the idiosyncratic volatility of Saudi Arabian firms that traded in the Saudi stock exchange between 2010 and 2016. The results show that publicly traded firms with an increase in government ownership have less idiosyncratic volatility. Furthermore, we investigate market leverage ratio, dividend payout ratio, and illiquidity ratio as potential roles in which government ownership influences the idiosyncratic volatility. The results prove the negative relationship between government ownership and idiosyncratic volatility. In the second essay, we investigate the association between government ownership and …

Preserving Traveller’S Memory In Religious Destinations, Polyxeni Moira, Dimitrios Mylonopoulos, Anastasia Parasxi

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Preserving memory from the visit of a tourist destination plays an important role in tourist activity. In pilgrimage in particular, and in religious tourism in general, the preservation of this memory constitutes a spiritual process associated with the sanctity of the place. Obviously, the degree of spirituality varies according to the traveller’s personality and religious beliefs. Following the return home, the religious memorabilia and ‘souvenirs’ play an important role in the ‘confirmation’ of the trip or the fulfilment of the vow, as well as in the preservation of the memory. At first one could claim that religious souvenirs serve or …

Religious Tourism And Emotional Experiences: An Emotional Cartography Of Jerusalem, Ion Gil Fuentetaja, Marina Abad-Galzacorta

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

An increasingly important segment of cultural tourism relates to ‘religious travel’, tourism motivated by spiritual reasons or associated with religious heritage sites. Thus, travel agencies are offering extensive journey packages to ancient places of worship, sacred destinations and pilgrimage sites. In this sense, according to data offered by the Ministry of Tourism of Israel, around one fifth of tourists to the country expressed religious tourism or pilgrimage as the main purpose of their visit. Additionally, tourism is greatly founded on the consumption of experiences. Understanding the ways in which tourists experience the places is, therefore, fundamental to the study of …

A Conceptual Model For Assessing The Level Of Development Of Pilgrimage Routes, Vitor Ambrósio, Carlos Fernandes, Goretti Silva, Adília Cabral

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

This paper proposes an innovative conceptual model based on a hierarchical structure for the assessment of pilgrimage routes, establishing and weighting the different associated elements. Based on a holistic approach, a Diagnostic Matrix was created which structures the surveying of predefined variables and enables the evaluation of pilgrimage routes. This tool allows an understanding of both, material and immaterial elements that comprise part of pilgrimage experiences, and of the respective routes as tourism products. Based on the case of the Portuguese Camino de Santiago, the proposed matrix enables the diagnosis of the entire route, as well as partial analysis, which …

The Effect Of Religious Tourism Experiences On Personal Values, Bona Kim, Seongseop (Sam) Kim

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

For humans, happiness can be a consequence of positive behaviours and regarded as their ultimate goal (Seligman, 2004). Since the late 1990s, happiness has been a prominent topic in the field of positive psychology, which seeks, from a psychological perspective, to understand how to make people happier and help them lead more satisfactory lives (Peterson et al., 2005; Seligman, 2004). According to Authentic Happiness Theory (AHT), developed by positive psychologist Martin Seligman (2004), seeking life satisfaction is a long-lasting life concept. As the understanding of tourism experience has evolved to see it as a life-changing event for profound intra-transformation of …

‘Know Thyself And Change The World’: The Western Pilgrimage Narrative And South Asia, Dorothy Lane

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

This paper summarises recurring elements of contemporary pilgrimage narratives related to South Asia and their role in neo-colonial ‘globalisation.’ While sacred sites are visited by both local and international pilgrims, their recreation as story cannot be regarded as innocent, interwoven as it is in historical domination and appropriation. The paper focuses on two contemporary narratives that draw on the motif of odyssey. It explores, in part, the increasing role of social media and technology in the most recent incarnations of the paradigm.

Accessibility On The Santiago Ways: The Portuguese Central Way, Maria De Fátima Matos Silva, Isabel Borges

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

In this article the authors discuss the accessibility of religious architectural heritage, using the case of Santiago de Compostela and one of its routes: the Portuguese Central Way between Porto and Valença. The discussion includes a comparison with results obtained in a study of the itinerary between Tui and Santiago, made by Xunta de Galicia (2015), the only existing study to the best of our knowledge. The historical and theoretical framework draws on the extant literature and its critical review, related to religious and cultural tourism, with special emphasis on accessible tourism. Accessible Tourism must comprise a set of products …

Pilgrimage Of The Virgin Of Nazaré (Portugal): Religious And Cultural Itineraries, Isilda Leitão, Carlos Fernandes

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

In Portugal, the Estremadura Círios (Candles pilgrimages) constitute one of the strongest surviving traditions of popular religiosity that are still present in the traditional and religious calendar of some Portuguese regions. Deriving from the tradition of religious devotion to Mary during the Middle Ages, sites such as the Shrine of Our Lady of Cabo Espichel, and prior to that the Shrine of Our Lady of Nazaré (Nazareth), generated a particular level of devotion by the 17th century, based on miracles which the Virgin of Nazaré granted to a local inhabitant. Since the 18th century, and the establishment of the Brotherhood …

Motivations Of Pilgrims On The Portuguese Inner Way To Santiago De Compostela, Carlos Gomes, Nieves Losada, Xerardo Pereiro

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Undertaking the way to Santiago today is characterised by being multi-motivational, not only attending to religious motivations (Amaro et al., 2018; Lois-González and Santos, 2014). In fact, the differences between the pilgrim and the tourist are increasingly smaller, because both travellers are motivated by the experience of realising the way and are looking for the same type of services (Amaro et al., 2018; Collins-Kreiner in Lois-González and Santos, 2014). The objective of this study is to make a comparison between the motivations of the Portuguese touripilgrims (Pereiro, 2017) and the foreign touripilgrims on the Portuguese Inner Way of Santiago de …

Determinants Of Intentions To Use A Pilgrimage App: A Cross-Cultural Comparison, Suzanne Amaro, Paulo Alexandre O. Duarte, Angela Isabel Lopes Antunes

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

The main aim of this study is to examine which features pilgrims from six nationalities walking the Camino de Santiago most value in a pilgrimage app and to determine which ones most influence intentions to use it. Data were collected through an online questionnaire. The 911 responses were analysed using ANOVA and PLS-SEM. The features related to general information are the strongest predictor of intentions to use a pilgrimage app and there is only one significant difference among nationalities regarding the determinants of intentions to use it. The findings of the study are useful for the development of pilgrimage apps.

Biographical Motivations Of Pilgrims On The Camino De Santiago, Christian Kurrat

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

The question of what leads people from a biographical perspective to go on pilgrimage has been a research object in the Department of Sociology at the FernUniversität in Hagen, Germany. This qualitative study examines the biographical constellations which have led to the decision to go on pilgrimage and therefore a typology of biographical motivations was developed. To achieve the aim of a typology, methods of qualitative research were used. The database consists of narrative interviews that were undertaken mostly with German pilgrims. The life stories of the pilgrims were analysed with Grounded Theory Methodology and made into a typology of …

In Defense Of The Pure Pilgrim: De Re Defensionibus Peregrini Castiori, Stephen F. Haller, Dane Munro

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Does the pure pilgrim exist? Probably not as a person, but the idea of a pure pilgrim is very much alive, although under threat. John Muir (2002), environmentalist and mountaineer, argued that there is a proper way to climb a mountain. By analogy, there is a virtuous way, allowing for meaningful, spiritual experiences which can be applied to proper peregrination. The early medieval ascetic understanding of pilgrims (St Jerome c. 347-420), was that of wandering monks, forsaking the bustling cities as to immerse themselves in the mercy of Christ in the solitude of the country (Webb, 2002). In modern times, …

Volume 7(Ii) Table Of Contents, Xose Santos, Lucrezia Lopez, Kevin Griffin, Razaq Raj

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

No abstract provided.

Back Cover

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

Pani Puri, created by students of ICI

國際廚藝學院學員用心烹調的印度街頭小吃Pani Puri

Class Acts 學院消息, Ici Editorial Team

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

Recipes for success 成功之道

The International Culinary Institute (ICI) and its sister institutions, the Hotel and Tourism Institute (HTI) and the Chinese Culinary Institute (CCI), provide students with an array of fun and educational opportunities

國際廚藝學院及與其相輔相成的酒店及旅遊學院和中華廚藝學院，積極為學員提供各種學習機會，讓學員透過校內課程增長知識之餘， 更可與專家交流及參加特別活動和比賽，開拓視野

Day In The Life 餐飲人生, Vivian Mak

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

Angela Ling 凌頴芬

Graduate of ICI's Bakery Course and Pastry Chef at Supreme-Pacific Confectionery Limited

國際廚藝學院西式包餅課程畢業生，現為卓越太平洋糖果有限公司的餅廚

Plat Du Jour 名菜解構, Rachel Duffell

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

Signature showcase

示範作

Finnish chef Jaakko Sorsa imbues his creations with a sense of his culinary culture

芬蘭大廚Jaakko Sorsa喜歡在菜式裡融入自己的烹調文化

Is Fine Dining Dying? 高級餐飲輓歌高唱？, Anna Cummins

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

Starched linens, portentous waiters and three-month waiting lists are no longer the automatic hallmarks of haute cuisine. With restaurants offering bar seating, no reservations and sharing plates, and removing airs and graces from the high-end eating experience, can the old guard survive the casual fine dining revolution?

高級餐廳不再等同於平滑無縐的枱布、高傲的侍者和長達三個月的訂座名單。吧枱座位、無需訂座、共用餐桌的休閒高級餐廳的興起，會否令氣氛拘謹的傳統高級餐廳奏起輓歌？

Less Is More 化腐朽為佳餚, Payal Uttam

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

Through creative cooking, pioneering chefs are using food waste and overlooked ingredients to change our relationship with produce and the way we eat, thereby creating a more sustainable food culture.

廚師們發揮創意，將廚餘和備受忽視的食材變成可口美食，改變我們跟農產品的關係和飲食習慣，從而創造可持續發展的飲食文化。

Shaking It Up 搖出不一樣的精采, Rachel Duffell

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

Meet the beverage professionals who are mixing things up behind the bar and bringing creative contemporary cocktails - and mocktails - to the table

才華橫溢的調酒大師分享他們的創作之道。

Natural Selection 天擇之糧, Rachel Duffell

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

Three basic raw ingredients. The magic and mystery of microorganisms. Time-honoured techniques. It's no wonder that the world is going wild for authentic, artisanal bread.

三種基本原料、奇妙而神秘的微生物、歷史悠久的方法…… 無怪乎大家都對傳統手工麵包趨之若鶩。

Journey To The West 西遊記, Kate Farr, Rachel Read

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

French haute cuisine is often considered the foundation of Western European dining, but nowadays, countries are developing distinct culinary identities of their own.

備受法國高級料理影響的西歐菜已紛紛邁開新的步伐，發展自己獨有的烹飪風格。

Portrait Of An Artist 廚藝家, Kee Foong

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

Notorious for eschewing meat and fish at his Paris restaurant Arpège, visionary chef Alain Passard is equally renowned for his inspirational role as a mentor.

因突然宣布其巴黎餐廳Arpège停止供應魚類和肉類菜式而名噪一時的Alain Passard，不僅自己擁有遠大的目光，在培育人才方面也成績斐然，麾下人才輩出。

Features

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

No abstract provided.

Lexicon 專業詞彙, Rachel Duffell

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

Look sharp

吃醋

Acid can brighten and enliven a dish. With the wide range of vinegars available, each with its own personality, there are many ways to perk up your plates

以醋入饌，其酸味可令菜式味道清爽提神。市面上有林林總總的醋，酸味濃淡不一，各有特色，可為菜餚增添不同風味

1 Ingredient 10 Ways 一種食材 十種味道, Rachel Duffell

AMBROSIA 客道 : The Magazine of The International Culinary Institute

Spilling the soybeans

豆香四溢

A versatile, protein-rich legume, native to East Asia, the uses of soybeans range from cooking oil, soy milk and tofu to fermented foodstuffs such as soy sauce, tempeh, natto and miso.

大豆含豐富蛋白質，原產於東亞，用途廣泛，從食用油、豆漿和豆腐，到醬油、天貝、納豆和味噌等發酵食品，都是由大豆製成