Business Commons^™

Moderating Role Of Financial Characteristics In Sectoral Performance During The Period Of Economic Disruption: Evidence From The Covid-19 Pandemic, Himanshu Joshi, Bhavya Joshi

The Indonesian Capital Market Review

The exogenous shock of the Covid-19 pandemic disrupted the equity market worldwide, however its impact on the sectoral returns varied. Sectors like aviation, hospitality, and retail were the worst affected because of imposed lockdowns. Contrarily, technology, e-commerce, pharmaceutical, and biotech sectors thrived for the same reasons. The present study evaluates the impact of covid-19 disruption on firms from diverse sectors and examines the moderating effect of firm’s financial characteristics on sectoral performance by establishing a causal relationship between the firm's cumulative abnormal returns generated during the various phases of the pandemic and their sectoral and financial characteristics using data for …

Impact Of Gender, Age, And Education Of Peer-To-Peer Lender On Loan Viability Assessment: Evidence From Sharia Firm, Azzahra Maulia, Yohanna M.L. Gultom

The Indonesian Capital Market Review

Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending offers investors the discretion to allocate funds based on their risk toler- ance. However, funds cannot be withdrawn until loans mature or are repaid by borrowers, rendering it a relatively high-risk investment. Research suggests that women in older age groups tend to exhibit greater risk aversion, though financial literacy may mitigate gender disparities. This study employs logistic regression to analyze the impact of gender, age, and education on P2P loan viability assess- ment. Our findings indicate that, generally, older lenders are less likely to finance high-risk loans. However, older women with at least a bachelor’s degree display …

Comparative Analysis Between Corporate Sukuk And Bonds In Indonesia: Value At Risk Approach, Bintang Fajar Muskan Putra, Puji Sucia Sucia Sukmaningrum, Sulistya Rusgianto

The Indonesian Capital Market Review

This research aims to analyze the differences in Risk (Value at Risk) and Return between sukuk and bonds. The research approach utilizes the T-test to examine this comparison. The data source is the closing prices of Sukuk and Bonds for 2018-2020. The research results indicate a significant difference between Sukuk and Bonds regarding returns. A vital difference also occurs in Sukuk and Bonds's Value at Risk (VaR). The results of this study prove that Sukuk has higher returns and lower VaR than Bonds. Sukuk can be a good instrument for portfolio diversification.

Marketplace Summer 2023, Southern Adventist University

MarketPlace - School of Business Newsletter

The Summer 2023 issue of MarketPlace features information on the future of the School of Business and the university endowment. The issue features an article about Bob Jimenez, Cox Enterprises' senior vice president for corporate affairs.

Managing The Creative Frontier Of Generative Ai: The Novelty-Usefulness Tradeoff, Anirban. Mukherjee, Hannah H. Chang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In this paper, drawing inspiration from the human creativity literature, we explore the optimal balance between novelty and usefulness in generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. We posit that overemphasizing either aspect can lead to limitations such as hallucinations and memorization. Hallucinations, characterized by AI responses containing random inaccuracies or falsehoods, emerge when models prioritize novelty over usefulness. Memorization, where AI models reproduce content from their training data, results from an excessive focus on usefulness, potentially limiting creativity. To address these challenges, we propose a framework that includes domain-specific analysis, data and transfer learning, user preferences and customization, custom evaluation metrics, …

Beyond Anthropomorphism: Unraveling The True Priorities Of Chatbot Usage In Smes, Tamas Makany, Sungjong Roh, Kotaro Hara, Jie Min Hua, Felicia Si Ying Goh, Wilson Yang Jie Teh

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This study examined business communication practices with chatbots among various Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) stakeholders in Singapore, including business owners/employees, customers, and developers. Through qualitative interviews and chatbot transcript analysis, we investigated two research questions: (1) How do the expectations of SME stakeholders compare to the conversational design of SME chatbots? and (2) What are the business reasons for SMEs to add human-like features to their chatbots? Our findings revealed that functionality is more crucial than anthropomorphic characteristics, such as personality and name. Stakeholders preferred chatbots that explicitly identified themselves as machines to set appropriate expectations. Customers prioritized efficiency, …

Editor's Note, Havovi Joshi

Asian Management Insights

Charting directions and steadying the ship amidst the storms, waves and currents

Rebuilding Supply Chains In Apec, Rebecca Sta Maria

Asian Management Insights

This calls for greater collaboration.

Product Question Answering In E-Commerce: A Survey, Yang Deng, Wenxuan Zhang, Qian Yu, Wai Lam

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Product question answering (PQA), aiming to automatically provide instant responses to customer’s questions in E-Commerce platforms, has drawn increasing attention in recent years. Compared with typical QA problems, PQA exhibits unique challenges such as the subjectivity and reliability of user-generated contents in E-commerce platforms. Therefore, various problem settings and novel methods have been proposed to capture these special characteristics. In this paper, we aim to systematically review existing research efforts on PQA. Specifically, we categorize PQA studies into four problem settings in terms of the form of provided answers. We analyze the pros and cons, as well as present existing …

Reducing Spatial Labeling Redundancy For Active Semi-Supervised Crowd Counting, Yongtuo Liu, Sucheng Ren, Liangyu Chai, Hanjie Wu, Dan Xu, Jing Qin, Shengfeng He

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Labeling is onerous for crowd counting as it should annotate each individual in crowd images. Recently, several methods have been proposed for semi-supervised crowd counting to reduce the labeling efforts. Given a limited labeling budget, they typically select a few crowd images and densely label all individuals in each of them. Despite the promising results, we argue the None-or-All labeling strategy is suboptimal as the densely labeled individuals in each crowd image usually appear similar while the massive unlabeled crowd images may contain entirely diverse individuals. To this end, we propose to break the labeling chain of previous methods and …

Effect Of Leader-Member Exchange Social Comparison On Co-Worker’S Envy And Work Behavior Moderated By Perceived Deservingness Of Star Workers, Ronnie Ng

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

The extant leader-member exchange (LMX) literature suggests that leaders establish and develop different quality dyadic relationships with members in the same workgroup. High-quality LMX is argued as beneficial to employees. However, studies have overlooked the emotions and behaviors of low-quality LMX employees to determine how they differ from high-quality LMX employees. This study integrates LMX differentiation literature, social comparison theory and attributional theory to examine the role of LMX social comparison (LMXSC) perceptions in triggering help-seeking and knowledge hiding from star co-workers in the workplace. This study also explores the mediating role of dual envy, that is, benign and malicious …

The Implications Of Firms' Derivative Usage On The Frequency And Usefulness Of Management Earnings Forecasts, John L. Campbell, Sean Shun Cao, Hye Sun Chang, Raluca Chiorean

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

We investigate how firms' use of derivatives impacts voluntary disclosure and offer four main findings. First, we find that when firms begin using derivative instruments, they increase the frequency of management earnings forecasts. Second, using path analysis, we find a direct link between derivative usage and forecast frequency, as well as an indirect link through reduced earnings volatility. Third, we find that CEOs with more pronounced career concerns increase forecast frequency only when derivatives make earnings easier to forecast and find no evidence that investor demand drives the decision to provide a forecast. These results suggest that the primary mechanism …

Staff Matters: Summer Fun Can Be Risky Business — Plan Accordingly, Jodi Schafer Sphr, Shrm-Scp

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Planning staff gatherings for team building requires attention to legal and safety considerations. Sponsored events can expose employers to occupational safety, discrimination, and harassment. Even informal gatherings are considered an extension of the workplace, so policies apply. If serving alcohol, it's essential to do so responsibly, providing alternatives and ensuring safe transportation. Leaders must model appropriate behavior and address any inappropriate conduct. Physical activities should be covered by workers' compensation policies, with injuries promptly reported. Being proactive about these risks ensures successful team-building events.

Dentistry And The Law: Did I Commit Fraud?, Dan Schulte Jd

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The dentist is under audit by a dental plan due to issues with claims, but inattention or mistakes do not necessarily constitute fraud. For fraud to be established, specific conditions must be proven, including knowledge, intent, and damage to the dental plan. The burden of proof is high for criminal fraud, making it unlikely in this situation. The dentist's main concern should be a breach of their participation agreement and the need for better billing practices.

Mental Health In The Dental Workplace: Recognizing Signs, Communicating Concern, And Sharing Resources, Karen M. O'Brien, Karoline J. Trovato

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Dentists face numerous concerns in the workplace, including stress, burnout, anxiety, and depression. Mental health concerns affect the workplace in profound ways, including engagement in and quality of work and patient care, the level of productivity, and health care costs. Recognizing mental health concerns is an important first step in assisting dentists and their staff in receiving needed assistance from mental health professionals. Steps that dentists can use to communicate their concerns and share resources are provided. Finally, a prevention model is presented to promote mental health and workplace well-being in the practice of dentistry.

J Mich Dent Assoc July 2023

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Every month, The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association brings news, information, and features about Michigan dentistry to our state's oral health community and the MDA's 6,200+ members. No publication reaches more Michigan dentists!

In this issue, the reader will find the following original content:

• A cover story on recognizing mental health concerns in the dental workplace.
• Commentary by a foreign-trained dentist on difficulties in obtaining licensure.
• MDA 2023-04 Continuing Education Course Catalog
• A feature on addressing the current dental assisting workforce shortage.
• News you need, Editorial and regular department articles on MDA Foundation activities, Dentistry and the Law, Staff …

Initiation Payments, Scott Hirst

Faculty Scholarship

Many of the central discussions in corporate governance, including those regarding proxy contests, shareholder proposals, and other activism or stewardship, can be understood as a single question: Is there under-initiation of corporate changes that investors would collectively prefer?

This Article sheds light on this question in three ways. First, the Article proposes a theory of investor initiation, which explains the hypothesis that there is under-initiation of collectively-preferred corporate change by investors. Even though investors collectively prefer that certain corporate changes take place, the costs to any individual investor from initiating such changes through high-cost proxy contests, or even low-cost shareholder …

Editor's Note, Marites Tiongco

DLSU Business & Economics Review

No abstract provided.

A Pedagogical Note On Linear Regressions, Andrew Adrian Yu Pua

DLSU Business & Economics Review

No abstract provided.

Language And Economic Behavior Among Filipino Bilinguals: Two Studies In Honor Of Tereso S. Tullao, Jr., Gerardo L. Largoza, Emmanuel M. Garcia

DLSU Business & Economics Review

We report the results of two studies motivated by Tereso S. Tullao, Jr.’s conviction, first articulated nearly four

decades ago, that language matters in economic decision-making. In Study 1, following Chen (2013), we estimate a fixed- effects logit model on Wave 6 of the World Values Survey, and find that speakers of Cebuano (a “tenseless” language that only weakly distinguishes between present and future), are more likely to save than speakers of Tagalog (whose grammar clearly distinguishes between present and future). In Study 2, we conduct a large-scale dictator game experiment among 480 low- income students and find an unusual …

Examining The Inclusiveness Of Philippine Growth From 1991 To 2015: The Role Of Household Human Capital Inequality And Source Of Growth, Geoffrey M. Ducanes

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Defining inclusive growth as growth that has benefited the households who have the lowest human capital levels, this study examines the inclusiveness of economic growth in the Philippines in the past two decades. Combining information from the Labor Force Survey and Family Income and Expenditures Survey for various years, including a panel of 6,500 households from 2003 to 2009, this study classifies households into ordered groups based on human capital level, then compares the performance of the various groups in terms of various employment, income, and expenditure outcomes over time. It finds the evidence to be mixed, although the weight …

The Effects Of Economic Fluctuations On Health Care Expenditures Of Iranian Households Using The Dsge Model, Hamid Reza Izadi

DLSU Business & Economics Review

The health sector is a very important field that has attracted policymakers’ attention due to its high importance. Such importance is more understandable when we know that health improvement results in human capital enhancement through the accumulation of health capital. Given existing economic shocks, the effectiveness of the health and Care services sector has led to changes in household expenditures and consumption patterns, especially those on health and care; and this can cause long-term damage to the household, and the economy in general. Considering that health is both a consumer and an investment commodity, any negative economic shock that leads …

Risk For Thai Children From The Covid-19 Pandemic: Quantitative Analysis, Amornrat Apinunmahakul, Sasatra Sudsawasd, Prasopchoke Mongsawad

DLSU Business & Economics Review

The impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on Thai children’s educational outcomes are examined based on a two- step analysis. First, the economic impact of the pandemic on household income is quantified by incorporating simulated

macroeconomic variables from the CGE model into a household-level data set. Next, these microsimulation results, along with the Thailand Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey data, are examined to identify the negative impact on children’s educational outcomes, using a binary logistic model. The result confirms the negative impact of Covid-19 on household incomes in all income classes. Unfortunately, households with children are hit harder than others in the …

Cost Estimation Trends For Major Defense Acquisition Programs, Sammantha Jones, Edward D. White, Jonathan D. Ritschel, Shawn M. Valentine

Faculty Publications

The authors use both descriptive and inferential techniques to investigate average and standard deviation trends in cost estimates for major defense acquisition programs (MDAPs) grouped into decades from the 1970s to 2010s. For total program-cost-growth factors (CGFs), the 2010s exhibited lower CGFs compared to the 1990s. For the program-acquisition-unit cost (PAUC) CGFs, the 2010s appear lower than the 1990s and borderline lower than the 1970s. A statistically significant decreasing trend in the standard deviations of total program CGFs throughout the decades was identified. This lowering variability trend also appeared for PAUC CGFs from the 1980s onward. This finding appears to …

Human Resource Management (Hrm) Practices And Female Mechanical Engineer Turnover Intentions: The Mediating Role Of Social Capital, Tyrone Walston Gorrick

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of human resource management (HRM) practices on female mechanical engineer turnover intentions while examining the mediating role of social capital. This study drew on insights from the HRM, social capital, and turnover theories and related models in the literature to formulate a set of hypothesized relationships and predictions that HRM practices positively influence social capital and social capital negatively affects female mechanical engineers' turnover intention. Turnover remains a challenging issue for all organizations, driving the need for measures that reduce employee quit intentions and, ultimately, turnover. After all, the …

Stages Of Entrepreneurial Success: A Qualitative Study Of Post-Soviet Immigrant Entrepreneurs In The United States, Nathan Thor Rozea

Theses and Dissertations

The rate of immigrant entrepreneurship continues to grow, affecting economic development in many host country communities. Immigrant entrepreneurs are found in past research studies to be outpacing host natives in entrepreneurial activities, offering additional economic, social, and cultural benefits. This study examined a phenomenon at the individual immigrant entrepreneur level in the United States to provide increased insight into understanding the phenomena of surges in immigrant entrepreneurial startups for continued research on immigrant entrepreneurship to effect related policy formation and decisions. This research examined a cohort of eighteen post-Soviet immigrant entrepreneurs from 11 different Eastern European countries with successful businesses …

E-Governance As Good Governance? Evidence From 15 West African Countries, Patience I. Akpan-Obong, Mai P. Trinh, Charles K. Ayo, Aderonke Oni

Management Faculty Publications

This research examines assumptions about the relationship between e-governance and governance in 15 West African countries through an analysis of the 2016 and 2018 World Governance Indicators (WGI) and E-government Development Index (EDGI), proxies for governance and e-governance, respectively. A Pearson correlation analysis demonstrates a significant positive correlation between WGI and EDGI. When disaggregated, however, some dimensions of governance fail to correlate with e-governance. Notably, governance indicators correlate positively with each other thus reinforcing the critical role of traditional institutions of governance in achieving good governance. The study concludes that while ICTs are effective in advancing the goals of governments, …

Quality Of Growth And Poverty In Low Income Countries: The Role Of Manufacturing, Raul V. Fabella, Sarah Lynne S. Daway-Ducanes, Geoffrey M. Ducanes

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Both the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which ended in 2015, and its replacement the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations which will end in 2030, target the eradication of poverty. The 2020 Covid pandemic has seriously worsened poverty incidence in many low income countries, and recovering lost ground is paramount. As low income economies try to establish a new normal, they need to aim not only for higher overall economic growth but also for a higher quality of economic growth for improved inclusion outcome. Higher quality means more inclusion per unit growth. We discuss how for the same …

Women’S Empowerment And Gender Equality In Philippine Agriculture: The Role Of Education And Public Policy, Agnes R. Quisumbing, Hazel J. Malapit

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This paper draws on previous work undertaken as part of the Gender, Agriculture, and Assets Project Phase Two (GAAP2), the CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH), and the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM). Funding support for this study was provided by the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) [Grant number: MCC-16-GRA-0007], Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) [Grant number: INY-008977], and A4NH. This work would not be possible without the collaboration of the Philippines Compact Development Team (CDT), led by Josef Yap, who provided helpful comments at various stages of this research project. Celia …

Beyond "Protected" And "Private": An Empirical Security Analysis Of Custom Function Modifiers In Smart Contracts, Yuzhou Fang, Daoyuan Wu, Xiao Yi, Shuai Wang, Yufan Chen, Mengjie Chen, Yang Liu, Lingxiao Jiang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

A smart contract is a piece of application-layer code running on blockchain ledgers and it provides programmatic logic via transaction-based execution of pre-defined functions. Smart contract functions are by default invokable by any party. To safeguard them, the mainstream smart contract language, i.e., Solidity of the popular Ethereum blockchain, proposed a unique language-level keyword called “modifier,” which allows developers to define custom function access control policies beyond the traditional “protected” and “private” modifiers in classic programming languages.In this paper, we aim to conduct a large-scale security analysis of the modifiers used in real-world Ethereum smart contracts. To achieve this, we …