Political Attitudes, Cognitive Style, And Political Persuasion,
2019
Yale University
Political Attitudes, Cognitive Style, And Political Persuasion, Halbert Bai, Gregory Mitchell, Philip E. Tetlock
Yale Day of Data
How do liberals and conservatives differ? Existing evidence suggests clear divergences on cognitive style and sociopolitical attitudes. However, theories such as the rigidity of the right hypothesis (Adorno et al., 1950; Tetlock, 1983) and the ideologue hypothesis (Rokeach, 1956) make incompatible predictions. The present research aims to reconcile these incongruities by employing measures that assess (a) cognitive style/open-mindedness, (b) perspective-taking, and (c) relationships between characteristics of procedural justice. Study 1 employed real-world arguments on highly politicized issues to examine rhetorical features that influence an article’s persuasiveness. We found evidence for the rigidity of the right hypothesis. In Study 2, participants …
Medical Mistrust, Hiv-Related Conspiracy Beliefs, And The Need For Cognitive Closure Among Urban-Residing African American Women: An Exploratory Study,
2019
Howard University
Medical Mistrust, Hiv-Related Conspiracy Beliefs, And The Need For Cognitive Closure Among Urban-Residing African American Women: An Exploratory Study, Jennifer Rae Myers Phd, Kelsey Ball Phd, Sharlene L. Jeffers Ma, William B. Lawson Md, Phd, Dlfapa,Pa
Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice
Despite advances regarding access to care and overall treatment, medical mistrust remains an important factor regarding clinical research participation as well as prevention/treatment-seeking behaviors among African American women. Such attitudes may be a result of psychosocial variables such as HIV-related conspiracy endorsement as well as a need for cognitive closure (NFCC) that reinforces their beliefs of interpersonal and institutional discrimination. To explore how well these psychosocial factors predict medical mistrust, thirty-five urban-residing African American women completed a demographics survey, the Medical Mistrust Index (MMI), a HIV-related conspiracy beliefs survey, and the Need for Closure Scale (NFCS). Results showed that the …
Online Blaming And Intimate Partner Violence: A Content Analysis Of Social Media Comments,
2019
Brigham Young University
Online Blaming And Intimate Partner Violence: A Content Analysis Of Social Media Comments, Jason Whiting, Rachael Dansby Olufowote, Jaclyn D. Cravens-Pickens, Alyssa Banford Witting
The Qualitative Report
Social media has become a ubiquitous form of interacting and sharing information. However, comments on social media sites are often aggressive and contemptuous, especially when topics are controversial or politically charged. For example, discussion of intimate partner violence (IPV) tends to provoke strong reactions from outsiders, who make angry or blaming remarks about those involved. Although IPV is common, it has not been widely discussed in popular media until recent years when high-profile cases of abuse have come to light. In 2016, a celebrity accusation of domestic violence led to thousands of comments on social media, with outsiders weighing in …
Impact Of Experience Corps® Participation On Children’S Academic Achievement And School Behavior,
2019
Johns Hopkins University
Impact Of Experience Corps® Participation On Children’S Academic Achievement And School Behavior, George W. Rebok, Jeanine M. Parisi, Jeremy S. Barron, Michelle C. Carlson, Ike Diibor, Kevin D. Frick, Linda P. Fried, Tara L. Gruenewald, Jin Huang, Sylvia Mcgill, Christine M. Ramsey, William A. Romani, Teresa E. Seeman, Erwin Tan, Elizabeth K. Tanner, Li Xing, Qian-Li Xue
Psychology Faculty Articles and Research
This article reports on the impact of the Experience Corps® (EC) Baltimore program, an intergenerational, school-based program aimed at improving academic achievement and reducing disruptive school behavior in urban, elementary school students in Kindergarten through third grade (K-3). Teams of adult volunteers aged 60 and older were placed in public schools, serving 15 h or more per week, to perform meaningful and important roles to improve the educational outcomes of children and the health and well-being of volunteers. Findings indicate no significant impact of the EC program on standardized reading or mathematical achievement test scores among children in grades 1–3 …
Subjective Religiosity And Organized Religiosity As A Predictor Of Sexual Affect Among African Americans,
2019
Western Michigan University
Subjective Religiosity And Organized Religiosity As A Predictor Of Sexual Affect Among African Americans, Janelle B. Grant, Kyla Day Fletcher
The Hilltop Review
Historically, religiosity and attendance at a church with a majority African American or Black population was of practical value for African Americans, these branches of practicality extended to sexual health, such as delayed sexual intercourse and higher instances of using contraception. Overall, however, public sexual discourses show some African American communities as “at risk” regarding sexual health, which can make an African American individual feel negatively about their sexual experiences. The current study aimed to understand how subjective religiosity and organized religiosity influenced African Americans to experience a positive, negative, or shameful sexual affect, We found that higher levels of …
Evaluating Joseph Campbell's Underexplored Ideas In The Light Of Modern Psychology,
2019
University of Georgia
Evaluating Joseph Campbell's Underexplored Ideas In The Light Of Modern Psychology, Leonard L. Martin, James Conners, Jacqueline A. Newbold
Heroism Science
Joseph Campbell was a scholar of mythology and comparative religion who attained great popularity by promoting the value of mythology in people's lives. Interestingly, he attained this status even though there was little scientific evidence for his ideas. In recent years, researchers have begun to evaluate Campbell's ideas in rigorous, empirical ways, with most of this research being focused on the implications of the hero's journey. There are still a number of Campbell's psychology-related ideas, however, that have not been evaluated scientifically. These are the ideas we evaluated in this paper. Because we focused on the underexplored ideas, we could …
Humble Coaches And Their Influence On Players And Teams: The Mediating Role Of Affect-Based (But Not Cognition-Based) Trust,
2019
Texas A&M University-San Antonio
Humble Coaches And Their Influence On Players And Teams: The Mediating Role Of Affect-Based (But Not Cognition-Based) Trust, Ho Phi Huynh, Clint E. Johnson, Hillary Wehe
Psychology Faculty Publications
Humility is a desirable quality for leaders across different domains, but not much is known about humility in sports coaches. This study integrated positive and organizational psychology to define humility as it pertains to sports coaches and examined humble coaches’ influence on player development and team climate. Additionally, trust was examined as a mediator between coaches’ humility and the two outcomes. Participants (N = 184; Mage = 23.44, SDage = 8.69; 73.4% women) rated their coaches’ humility and reflected on the coaches’ influence and their team climate. Results indicated that affect-based, but not cognition-based, trust mediated the …
What Makes You Happy? Predicting Wellbeing In Nicaraguan Adolescents And Young Adults,
2019
George Fox University
What Makes You Happy? Predicting Wellbeing In Nicaraguan Adolescents And Young Adults, Daniel A. Rodriguez
Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)
The present study sought to identify significant predictors of wellbeing within a sample of 2,764 high school and university students in Nicaragua, a country where significant stressful events and suicide are common. Ages ranged from 11-22 years (M = 16.63, SD = 2.85), and 60.3% identified as female. Measures used include the Personal Wellbeing Index, the Child and Youth Resilience Measure, the Patient Health Questionnaire-4, and demographic questions. Parent occupations were coded using the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-08). A multiple regression was conducted to identify five core variables that combined to predict approximately 30% of the variance of …
The Dogmatism Of Dissent: How Open-Minded Cognition Influences Protest Attitudes,
2019
Loyola University Chicago
The Dogmatism Of Dissent: How Open-Minded Cognition Influences Protest Attitudes, Chad Osteen
Master's Theses
While protestors are often thought of and portrayed as dogmatic actors on the political stage, research has yet to empirically investigate the cognitive processes of protestors. While previous research has investigated how open-minded cognition relates to political party and ideology, its relationship to political activism has remained under studied. This study used a between subject's design to determine how priming system rejection may affect open-minded cognition and protest attitudes. The sample of 450 participants recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk is based off a power analysis with small to medium effect sizes (r2=0.25) and a power of .95. Using SurveyGizmo software, …
Perceived Appropriateness Of Sexual Misconduct In Hookup Culture: Roles Of Power And Motives,
2019
Loyola University Chicago
Perceived Appropriateness Of Sexual Misconduct In Hookup Culture: Roles Of Power And Motives, Milan Alexandra Tvardek
Master's Theses
This study used hypothetical depictions of hookup scenarios to assess the perceptions of 388 participants for whether specific interactions between third-party characters involved sexual misconduct and the perceived appropriateness and wrongfulness of those behaviors. The current research examined the role of three independent between-subject variables in perceptions of sexual misconduct perpetration: a) Sex Motive (Low, High); b) Chronic Power (Low, High); and c) Acute Power (Low, High, Control). Results showed that individuals high in sex driven motivation, compared to those who less often hookup for sex driven reasons, perceived some perpetrators to be more wrongful but also expected these perpetrators …
Students´ Perceptions About Verbal Aggression At The University Level,
2019
Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá
Students´ Perceptions About Verbal Aggression At The University Level, John Alexander Guevara, Laura Alejandra Peña, Lizeth Tatiana Prada
Licenciatura en Español y Lenguas Extranjeras
La agresión verbal producida en los espacios académicos ha sido una de las muestras de violencia con mayor interés y observación en las últimas tres décadas. Sin embargo, al momento de hablar de la existencia y las percepciones que tienen los estudiantes acerca de las agresiones verbales dentro de la Universidad, se evidencia una ausencia de estudios de investigación acerca de este contenido, lo que genera escasa atención por parte de investigadores, estudiantes y educadores en este campo. Este proyecto de investigación busca determinar y puntualizar las diferentes percepciones que tienen los estudiantes universitarios acerca de sus a lo que …
Gender Disparities In Awards To Neuroscience Researchers,
2019
Northeastern University
Gender Disparities In Awards To Neuroscience Researchers, David Melnikoff, Virginia Valian
Publications and Research
Women in academia receive fewer prestigious awards than their male counterparts. Why this gender gap emerges, however, remains poorly understood. Thus, we tested multiple hypotheses about the proximate cause of the gender gap in award prestige. Our findings suggest that the gender gap in award prestige may emerge in part from gender schemas that portray women as warmer and less competent than men. Specifically, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that gender schemas lead to women’s papers receiving fewer citations than men’s papers, which in turn results in more prestigious awards for men than for women. Additionally, our results …
Book Review: Mind Over Money,
2019
Kansas State University Libraries
Book Review: Mind Over Money
Journal of Financial Therapy
Mind Over Money: The Psychology of Money and How to Use It Better, by Claudia Hammond, is an engaging synopsis of multiple research studies from research literature around the world centered on the psychology of money.
Six Of One, Une Demi-Douzaine De L’Autre: Detecting Cross-Language Code-Switching In A Continuous Narrative,
2019
The College of Wooster
Six Of One, Une Demi-Douzaine De L’Autre: Detecting Cross-Language Code-Switching In A Continuous Narrative, Melissa Kadish
Senior Independent Study Theses
This Independent Study examined how cross-language code-switching is processed and perceived. The following experiment compared how long English-French bilinguals, English monolinguals, and English-speaking French-language-learners took to detect instances of French/English code-switching in a semantically-rich narrative. Bilinguals displayed shorter change-detection response latencies than language learners and monolinguals, but the latter two groups did not significantly differ. These results provide insight into how the observed cognitive differences between bilinguals and monolinguals may develop, and offer support for the multi-language lexical processing theory of language interference. This study also addresses potential sociocultural origins of the observed language-level differences in code-switching perception by examining …
Oneness In Everyday Life: Nonduality, Wholeness And Human Life After Awakening,
2019
California Institute of Integral Studies
Oneness In Everyday Life: Nonduality, Wholeness And Human Life After Awakening, Gibbons, Tom
CONSCIOUSNESS: Ideas and Research for the Twenty-First Century
In Advaita Vedanta a distinction is made between an experience of oneness and permanent awakening. The author argues that a nondual philosophy such as Advaita - as opposed to a direct experience of oneness – contains significant theoretical difficulties, which in turn are reflected in problems with actualizing nonduality in everyday human life. Alternative spiritual conceptions that might be more helpful in guiding the nondual aspirant in her spiritual life are examined, including the concept of “wholeness.” In the place of a reliance on an exclusive doctrine of nonduality, Jorge Ferrar’s concept of “Participatory Spirituality” and A. H. Almaas’s idea …
Psychotherapy In The Dream: A Phenomenological Exploration,
2019
California Institute of Integral Studies
Psychotherapy In The Dream: A Phenomenological Exploration, Bustos, Nick
CONSCIOUSNESS: Ideas and Research for the Twenty-First Century
Post-materialist ontologies offer a transformed worldview whose implications point toward the illusory nature of the separate self, or ego. Aligned with the literature of mysticism and perennialist spiritual models, this portends a significantly altered backdrop for the practice and discipline of psychotherapy, the underlying premises of which assume a strict existential dichotomy between patient and therapist. Kenneth Wapnick, preeminent scholar of the twentieth-century spiritual document of A Course in Miracles, provides a relevant model toward integrating spiritually-based, ego-negative states within psychotherapy practice. The author studied the lived experiences of eight psychotherapists, both practicing and retired, who practice according to this …
Categorical Modelling Of Conscious States,
2019
California Institute of Integral Studies
Categorical Modelling Of Conscious States, Baruss, Imants
CONSCIOUSNESS: Ideas and Research for the Twenty-First Century
In the last several decades, there has been an explosion of research concerning consciousness with some efforts at mathematical modelling. The purpose of this paper is to model conscious states using categorical constructions. In particular, this modelling captures temporality, the intentional structure of consciousness, and meaning fields, which provide the templates for occurrent events. The architecture of conscious states naturally lends itself to applications of category theory, more specifically to sheaf-like constructions in which the stacks over a site are topoi whose germs are the objects of the topoi. Each topos represents the potential experiential content of an individual where …
Scaffolding Or Enabling? Implications Of Extended Parental Financial Support Into Adulthood,
2019
Strategic Financial Planning, Inc.
Scaffolding Or Enabling? Implications Of Extended Parental Financial Support Into Adulthood, David Tenerelli, Sharon Weaver, Nathan Astle, Megan A. Mccoy
Journal of Financial Therapy
Recent decades have seen tremendous changes in the duration of time that parents offer financial support to their adult children. This paper explores the literature regarding the variations in support, the forces impacting those variations, and the effects of that support on the children's human capital and financial attainment, as well as implications for parents. A case vignette based on an amalgam of case experiences by the authors is provided to explore the relevance of the literature findings to an amalgam financial planning client in the situation of providing financial support to an adult child. Sample interventions are based on …
Practitioner Profile: Lindsay Bryan-Podvin,
2019
Kansas State University Libraries
Practitioner Profile: Lindsay Bryan-Podvin
Journal of Financial Therapy
Lindsay Bryan-Podvin, owner and founder of Mind Money Balance, is a financial therapist who started her career in the field of mental health treatment and advocacy. She specializes in working with heterosexual couples with breadwinning women.
Conflict, Stress And Faith Experienced By Caregivers Of Bipolar Family Members,
2019
Nova Southeastern University
Conflict, Stress And Faith Experienced By Caregivers Of Bipolar Family Members, Sharonrose Bollers
Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations
Mental health issues present challenges to the mentally ill, and to the family members who are their caregivers. Among the challenges faced by caregivers are conflict and stress. This transcendental phenomenological study explored the experiences and perceptions of caregivers of conflict, stress, and the role of faith. In addition, this study sought to learn what lessons and strategies caregivers utilized and often created while caring for their family member with bipolar disorder. In this study ten caregivers were interviewed, telephonically or face-to-face, using a semi-structured interview format. Coming from four states, some were employed, some were retired, and one was …
