Cardiovascular Diseases Commons^™

Effects Of A High Salt Diet On Blood Pressure Dipping And The Implications On Hypertension, Jesse Viggiano, Dominic Joseph Coutinho, Maya Clark-Cutaia, Diana Martinez

Cooper Medical School of Rowan University Faculty Scholarship

High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Salt intake has been shown to have a significant impact on BP, but the mechanisms by which it influences the blood pressure dipping pattern, and 24-h blood pressure remains controversial. This literature review aims to both summarize the current evidence on high salt diet induced hypertension and discuss the epidemiological aspects including socioeconomic issues in the United States and abroad. Our review indicates that a high salt diet is associated with a blunted nocturnal blood pressure dipping pattern, which is characterized by a reduced decrease …

The Impact Of Gender And Race When Using The Grace Acs Score To Predict Mortality, Ikechukwu Ogbu, Napatkamon Ayutyanont, Sarah Wilson, Hossein Akhondi

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) causes significant global morbidity and mortality and requires early risk stratification. The global registry of acute coronary events (GRACE) score is a well-known, validated risk stratification system that does not include race and gender. We aimed to assess whether the addition of gender and race could add to the predictability of the GRACE score model.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study of 46 764 ACS patients from the files of a national healthcare system. We compared the predictability of the GRACE score in conjunction with gender and race versus the original GRACE score. Different …

KCa2 And KCa3.1 Channels In The Airways: A New Therapeutic Target, Razan Orfali, Ali Alfaiz, Mohammad Asikur Rahman, Liz Lau, Young-Woo Nam, Miao Zhang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

K⁺ channels are involved in many critical functions in lung physiology. Recently, the family of Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels (K_Ca) has received more attention, and a massive amount of effort has been devoted to developing selective medications targeting these channels. Within the family of K_Ca channels, three small-conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ (K_Ca2) channel subtypes, together with the intermediate-conductance K_Ca3.1 channel, are voltage-independent K⁺ channels, and they mediate Ca²⁺-induced membrane hyperpolarization. Many K_Ca2 channel members are involved in crucial roles in physiological and pathological …

Development Of A Biomarker Panel For Assessing Cardiovascular Risk In Diabetic Patients With Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia (Clti): A Prospective Study, Elisabetta Nardella, Federico Biscetti, Maria Margherita Rando, Andrea Leonardo Cecchini, Maria Anna Nicolazzi, Enrica Rossini, Flavia Angelini, Roberto Iezzi, Luis H. Eraso, Paul J. Dimuzio, Dario Pitocco, Massimo Massetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Andrea Flex

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Lower-extremity endovascular revascularization (LER) is often required for diabetic patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI). During the post-revascularization period patients may unpredictably experience major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE). Several families of cytokines are involved in the inflammatory process that underlies the progression of atherosclerosis. According to current evidence, we have identified a panel of possible biomarkers related with the risk of developing MACE and MALE after LER. The aim was to study the relationship between a panel of biomarkers - Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and 6 (IL-6), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), …

Death After Marijuana Use In A 27-Year-Old Male: A Case Report, Samantha M. Lavertue*, Sadie Signorella*, Rohail Baig, Amarah Emerson, John Joyce, Roland Zhang

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

The dangers of marijuana use are well documented across most body systems. We report a 27-year-old male who ingested marijuana and then experienced an ST-elevation myocardial infarction, subsequent cerebrovascular accident, and death within the span of a week. Toxicology reports were positive for THC only, echocardiography revealed diffuse hypokinesis with an ejection fraction estimated at 15-20%, and troponins peaked at greater than 270,000 pg/mL. Due to decreased Glasgow Coma Score and hemodynamic instability, the patient was not taken for cardiac catheterization, but was subsequently sedated, intubated, and placed on pressor support in the ICU. Initial brain imaging was negative for …

Self Management Programs And Its Effects On Blood Pressure, Thao Vo

Master of Science in Nursing Family Nurse Practitioner

No abstract provided.

Implementation Of The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-Item Screening Tool For Adult Patients In An Underserved Outpatient Cardiology Clinic, Leila Joint

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Background: 11.7% of adults aged 18 and over have regular feelings of worry, nervousness, or anxiety. Anxiety can often present with somatic symptoms. The rates of misdiagnoses are high with symptoms often attributed to physical etiologies. Early recognition and treatment of anxiety can improve quality of life, prevent complications and reduce health care costs.

Purpose of Project: Implementation of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item (GAD-2) screening tool in a fast-paced underserved outpatient cardiology clinic for adult patients presenting with chest pain and/or palpitations without documented history of anxiety. The purpose of this project is to improve the utilization …

Positive Changes In Safety Perception Among Blacks With Hiv And Comorbidities: Assessment Of Social Determinants Of Health During Covid‑19, Marc Fleming, Deidra Lee, Chukwuezugo Oranu, Jon C. Schommer, Jennifer M. Cocohoba, Jennifer Cooper, Crystal K. Hodge, Saharnaz Nedjat, Kathleen Borgmann

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Purpose

This study aimed to examine the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on social determinants of health (SDOH) among Blacks with HIV and a comorbid diagnosis of hypertension or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

This was a longitudinal survey study. The inclusion criteria were adults ≥ 18 years and the presence of hypertension and/or diabetes, along with a positive HIV diagnosis. This study enrolled patients in the HIV clinics and chain specialty pharmacies in the Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) area. A survey of ten questions examining SDOH was conducted before, during, and after the lockdown. A proportional odds mixed effects …

A Young Infant With Large Anomalous Systemic Artery To Supply Left Lower Lobe Of The Lung With Normal Intracardiac Anatomy, Ghita Benjelloun,, Jie Sun

St. Chris Research Day

No abstract provided.

A Rapid Review Of The Literature: Cardiovascular Disease Preventive Practices And Rural Black Women, Modjadji M. Choshi, Maria Devalpine

Virginia Journal of Public Health

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among Black/African American women. Rural Black women have the highest CVD prevalence and are more likely to have modifiable risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity than any other race. Accessible evidence-based culture-appropriate self-care programs for risk reduction and CVD prevention can address these disparities. This rapid review aims to provide a comprehensive collection of such programs. Methods. Searches were performed in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Psychinfo-Embase, and Scopus for studies reporting CVD prevention programs for rural Black women. Three articles met the inclusion criteria, with …

Association Between Remote Monitoring And Interstage Morbidity And Mortality In Single Ventricle Patients Across Socioeconomic Groups, Bianca Cherestal

Research Days

Background: Despite improvements in outcomes over time, morbidity and mortality for infants with single ventricle (SV) heart disease remains high. Among other risk factors for mortality, infants of low socioeconomic status (SES) are known to be particularly vulnerable following stage 1 palliation.

Objectives/Goal: We sought to determine whether use of a novel remote monitoring program, CHAMP (Cardiac High Acuity Monitoring Program), mitigates differences in outcomes by SES for infants with SV during the interstage period.

Methods/Design: Using the CHAMP database, we identified 610 infants across 11 institutions enrolled in the program between 2014–2021. All enrolled patients’ families were provided with …

Oxidative Stress And Micrornas In Endothelial Cells Under Metabolic Disorders, Morgan Minjares, Wendy Wu, Jie-Mei Wang

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are radical oxygen intermediates that serve as important second messengers in signal transduction. However, when the accumulation of these molecules exceeds the buffering capacity of antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress and endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction occur. EC dysfunction shifts the vascular system into a pro-coagulative, proinflammatory state, thereby increasing the risk of developing cardiovascular (CV) diseases and metabolic disorders. Studies have turned to the investigation of microRNA treatment for CV risk factors, as these post-transcription regulators are known to co-regulate ROS. In this review, we will discuss ROS pathways and generation, normal endothelial cell physiology and ROS-induced …

Diagnosing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy In Athletes, Chalisa Srisukajorn, Tamonwan Megan Jirakulaporn, Helen C Huang, Erik Fung, Polakit Teekakirikul

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in a young asymptomatic individual is a devastating, unpredictable event, with a widespread impact on the public health system. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common form of genetic heart disease, and considered one of the leading causes of SCD affecting young and frequently asymptomatic patients. A diagnosis of HCM is challenging particularly in young athletes due to overlapping clinical phenotypesbetween pathological left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and exercise-induced physiological LVH. Severalinvestigational tools have been used to differentiate these two distinct entities. This review article focuses upon the diagnosis of HCM in young athletes, SCD risk assessment, …

Procedural And Clinical Outcomes Of Dedicated Venous Stents In Acute And Chronic Venous Obstruction: A Retrospective Single Center Study, Guangming Tan, Madeleine G Yan, Bryan Py Yan

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

Background Endovenous angioplasty with stenting is an accepted treatment for patient with venous obstruction. Dedicated venous stents have been developed to improve the efficacy and safety of the venoplasty procedure. We report the procedural as well as clinical outcomes of these new generation stents in the treatment of acute and chronic venous obstruction. Method This is a single centre retrospective cohort study of patients who received venous stenting for either acute or chronic venous obstruction. Baseline demographics, procedural details, clinical outcomes including 30 day all-cause mortality, 90 day primary patency rate, and change in Villalta score were reported. Result 41 …

Dislodged Endovascular Heat-Induced Thrombus Resulting In Pulmonary Embolus Following Post-Operative Ultrasound Compression, Danielle Park, Aghilas Belkadi, Luke Perry, Michael Kachmar, Holly Graves

Stratford Campus Research Day

Introduction: Venous insufficiency and consequent varicose veins are common problems faced by many patients. Fortunately, there are many treatment options available including a minimally invasive method known as radiofrequency ablation (RFA). RFA is not without complications; amongst those are endovascular heat induced thrombosis (EHIT). This rare complication is typically managed conservatively; however, in rare occasions, the thrombus can detach and embolize causing further issues for patients.

Case Description: A 48-year-old male underwent an uneventful RFA procedure for a CEAP 4a venous insufficiency. On the post-operative ultrasound venous duplex evaluation, the patient was found to have EHIT type 2 in the …

Effects Of Nstemi On Patients With Eating Disorders: Insights From The National Inpatient Sample, Rafail Beshai, Keri Anacker, Keith Anacker, Tony Elias, David Halim-Banoub, Maziyar Daneshvar, Howard Weinberg

Stratford Campus Research Day

Introduction: Eating disorders (ED) such as bulimia and anorexia nervosa have detrimental implications on the health and wellbeing of children and young adults across the country. Cardiovascular implications are known to accompany these conditions, however there is a paucity of data looking specifically on the effects of NSTEMI on patients with these disorders. We sought to analyze this relationship further by examining these disorders within the national inpatient sample database to describe in-hospital trends and outcomes among those patients.

Methods: Data were extracted from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Database for the years 2019 and 2020. The NIS was searched …

Effects Of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder On Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Procedure: Insights From The National Inpatient Sample, Rafail Beshai, Keri Anacker, Keith Anacker, Tony Elias, Veyola Rezkalla, Maziyar Daneshvar, Howard Weinberg

Stratford Campus Research Day

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can affect children and adults and is characterized by deficits in attention, self-regulation, and executive functioning. Symptoms can seriously affect daily functioning and may present as hyperactivity, inattentive behaviors, or a combination of both. There are data to suggest patients with ADHD suffer from increased rates of cardiovascular disease, however not much is known specifically regarding the relationship between ADHD and undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. We sought to examine this relationship in greater detail by perusing the national inpatient sample database to describe in-hospital trends and outcomes among these …

A Rare Case Of Left Main Vasospasm Resulting In Sudden Cardiac Death, Trinava Roy, Anjeli Patel, Tania Maheshwari, Vasu Palli

Stratford Campus Research Day

Background: Coronary artery vasospasm (CAV) is transient spasm of a coronary artery that can lead to cardiac ischemia. We present a case with left main (LM) CAV identified on electrocardiogram (ECG) and cardiac catheterization resulting in appropriate therapy.

Case: A 52 year old female with months of spontaneously resolving episodic neck pain, flushing, and diaphoresis presented to the emergency department after a resuscitated cardiac arrest. Initial ECG was without evidence of ischemia, however high-sensitivity troponin (522) was elevated. Telemetry monitoring and ECG showed transient ST elevations in V1 and diffuse ST depressions with left bundle branch block. LV Function was …

The Angiovac® Device Limits Lethal Complications Of Sepsis And Severe Infective Endocarditis With A Large Tricuspid Valve Vegetation: A Case Report, Dua Xiao, Raeann Dalton, Adam Fineman, Michael Benz, Antonios Tsompanidis

Stratford Campus Research Day

Introduction: Infectious endocarditis of the tricuspid valve is a common complication of intravenous drug use. Endocarditis caused by viridans streptococci can lead to heart valve vegetations which may be life threatening due to the potential for embolism and obstruction. Management of large valvular vegetations is often difficult due to the risks involved with open heart surgery, especially in patients with comorbid conditions. The AngioVac® device has been shown in rare cases to be effective at debulking vegetations without the need for invasive surgery.

Case Presentation: We present a patient with a history of intravenous heroin use disorder, hepatitis C, spinal …

Congenital L-Transposition Of The Great Arteries In A 12-Year-Old: A Case Report, Muhammad Noman

Stratford Campus Research Day

Levo-transposition of the great arteries, L-TGA, also known as congenitally corrected transposition, cc-TGA is a rare anomaly and accounts for less than 1% of all congenital heart diseases. It is characterized by both atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance . It is considered a congenitally corrected transposition because the circulation is from right atrium to left ventricle leading to the pulmonary vasculature. The lungs then pump blood into the left atrium to the right ventricle and eventually to the systemic circulation via the aorta.