Life Sciences Commons^™

Paraphlomis Nana (Lamiaceae), A New Species From Chongqing, China, Yaping Chen, Chi Xiong, Houlin Zhou, Feng Chen, Chunlei Xiang

Turkish Journal of Botany

Most species of Paraphlomis are distributed in the south of the Yangtze River in China. In this study, a new species, P. nana, from northeast Chongqing in the north of the Yangtze River is described and illustrated. Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses based on two nuclear ribosomal DNA regions (ITS and ETS) and three plastid DNA markers (rpl32-trnL, rps16, and trnL-trnF) were carried out to explore the phylogenetic position of the new species within Paraphlomis. Though the nuclear and plastid trees reveal incongruent placements of P. nana in Paraphlomis, which may be caused by chloroplast capture, a close relationship …

Tripleurospermum Eskilensis (Asteraceae): A New Halophytic Species From Centralanatolia, Turkey, Mehtap Tekşen, Seher Karaman Erkul, Hayri̇ Duman, Mevlüde Alev Ateş, Mehmet Sağiroğlu

Turkish Journal of Botany

In the present study, a new species of the genus, Tripleurospermum eskilensis (Asteraceae), is described from Central Anatolia, Turkey. The new species has been collected from Eskil region in a restricted area (Aksaray Province). It grows in salty steppe, and is closely related to T. decipiens in terms of morphological characteristics. It has also been morphologically compared with discoid and disciform capitulated species in Turkey. This study includes its detailed description, diagnostic characters, original photographs, geographical distribution, habitat and ecology, conservation status, and identification key. The comparison of Tripleurospermum eskilensis with closely related species was conducted in terms of morphological …

Iron Toxicity-Induced Dna Damage, Dna Methylation Changes, And Ltr Retrotransposon Polymorphisms In Zea Mays, Esra Arslan Yüksel, Murat Aydin, Mahmut Si̇nan Taşpinar, Güleray Ağar

Turkish Journal of Botany

The impact of Fe2+ (iron)toxicity on genomic instability, DNA methylation status, and Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposons (LTR RTs) polymorphisms on Zea mays is unknown. We investigated the toxicity of Fe2+ using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Coupled Restriction Enzyme Digestion-Random Amplification (CRED-RA) and Inter Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) assays in Zea mays seedlings, respectively. The results indicated that each dose of FeSO4 (50, 100, 200, and 300 mg/L) had a reducing effect on Genomic Template Stability (GTS) and increasing in RAPD pattern changes (DNA damage). The value of DNA methylation rised gradually depending on FeSO4 doses. Moreover, five LTR RTs …

The Chromosomal Evolution And Analyses Of Turkish Cousinia Species, Tuna Uysal, Osman Tugay, Kuddi̇si̇ Ertuğrul, Meryem Bozkurt, Deni̇z Ulukuş, Hakki Demi̇relma

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, Turkish Cousinia species were examined in point of chromosome number and morphology. To our knowledge, this work is the first comprehensive chromosomal study regarding Turkish Cousinia as a whole, especially for endemics. As consistent with previous reports, the chromosome numbers are mostly 2n = 26 and have been determined also as 2n = 24 for only the members of Cynaroideae and Sphaerocephalae sections. An interesting result of this paper is that there is not any polyploid species in this taxonomic group and all of them are diploids. Concerning the chromosome evolution of the Cousinia species, we concluded …

Pollen And Trichome Morphology Of Tribe Stachydeae (Lamiaceae) And Its Phylogenetic Significance, Leila Homami Totmaj, Yasaman Salmaki

Turkish Journal of Botany

Tribe Stachydeae with 12 genera were divided into two major clades: Melitis and Eurystachys clades consisting of all genera attributed to Stachydeae except Melittis. Recently, a broadly defined Eurystachys clade falling into 12 well-supported clades have been formally named in a phylogenetic nomenclature. In the present study, trichomes of 70 spp. from nine genera and pollens of 53 spp. from six genera were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to draw the taxonomic conclusion of tribe Stachydeae. Trichome characters that can provide adequate variation in delimitation of taxa were: presence or absence of glandular or nonglandular trichomes, number …

Involvement Of Poly(Adp-Ribose)Ylation (Parylation) In The Regulation Of Antioxidant Defense System In Arabidopsis Thaliana Under Salt Stress, Rengi̇n Özgür Uzi̇lday

Turkish Journal of Botany

Posttranslational modifications (PTM) are one of the first responses of plants to environmental stress and involve changing the location and activity of proteins in the cell. Addition of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) to proteins, poly(ADP-ribose)ylation (PARylation), is a posttranslational modification resulting from the binding of ADP-ribose from NAD+ to target proteins by PAR polymerases (PARP). PARylation is involved in many physiological events in plants including abiotic and biotic stress response. The aim of this work was to understand involvement of PARylation in inducing enzymatic antioxidant defence and alternative electron sinks in response to salinity. For this purpose A. thaliana plants were treated …

Archaeobotanical Evidence Of Agricultural Products In The Southern Mediterranean Part Of Turkey During The Bronze Ages From Tatarlı Höyük, Sali̇h Kavak, Hali̇l Çakan

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, archaeobotanical data were gathered from the Early, Middle, and Late Bronze Age layers (2400-1200 BC) of the Tatarlı Höyük exposed in the 2011?2012 excavation seasons in the Ceyhan district of Adana Province were evaluated. In 8 trenches relating to these periods, archaeological contexts such as inside areas, hearths, ovens, middens, ceramic pots, etc., as well as contexts with carbonized plant remains were recovered by using dry and wet sieving methods, corresponding in total to 90 soil samples. The major agricultural plants identified were Triticum monococcum (einkorn wheat), Triticum dicoccum (emmer wheat), Triticum aestivum (bread wheat), Hordeum vulgare …

Inocybe Viscida (Inocybaceae: Agaricomycetes), A New Species From Mediterranean Forests Of Turkey, Oğuzhan Kaygusuz, Henning Knudsen, Ditte Bandini, İbrahi̇m Türkekul

Turkish Journal of Botany

Inocybe viscida sp. nov., a novel species found in a forest with old trees of Pinus brutia and tertiary relict endemic Liquidambar orientalis in coastal area of southwestern Turkey, is described and illustrated. We present this new species based on morphological and molecular data from nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8SITS2 = ITS) and the portions of nuc 28S rRNA (LSU) gene. Comprehensive description, field photographs, line drawings of the microscopic features and comparisons with phenetically similar taxa and phylogenetically related species are discussed.

Fistulinella Distromatica (Boletaceae, Basidiomycota), A New Bolete From The Atlantic Forest Of Bahia, Brazil, Anderlechi Silva, Ricardo Koroiva, José Bezerra, Felipe Wartchow

Turkish Journal of Botany

Fistulinella distromatica sp. nov. is described based on morphological and molecular data. It is characterized by the following features: pileus surface that is subviscid with appressed, small brownish fribrillose-squamulose; subviscid, minutely subviscid, minutely punctate stipe that is yellow at the base; the relatively large inamyloid spores; hymenial cystidia up to 70 µm long; two-layered stipitipellis with a trichodermal suprastipitipellis and interwoven substipitipellis that is interwoven in a strongly gelatinized matrix. Fistulinella distromatica clusters phylogenetically with a sequence of F. campinaranae var. scrobiculata recorded from Bahia, and in a distinct branch from Colombian Amazon material. Since Bahian specimens are morphologically and …

Molecular Phylogeny And Phylogeography Reveal Recent Divergence In The Iberis Simplex Dc. (Brassicaceae) Species Complex, Emre Çi̇lden, Bariş Özüdoğru

Turkish Journal of Botany

According to the current taxonomic delimitation, the Mediterranean genus Iberis comprises about 30 species. Among them, the taxonomy and species delimitation of Iberis simplex and its morphologically close relatives (I. attica, I. carica, I. gypsicola, I. halophila, and I. spruneri), described here as the I. simplex species complex, are controversial and several different names are used for the members of this complex. Past phylogenetic studies did not include the members of this complex and here we present the first comprehensive phylogenetic and phylogeographic study based on nuclear ITS and chloroplast trnL-F regions to …

Genetic Diversity And Population Structure Analysis For Ampelopsis Grossedentata Using Microsatellite Markers, Xiao Ying Li, L Wei

Turkish Journal of Botany

Ampelopsis grossedentata is an important national medicine in China. It is mainly used commonly by the Yao, Miao, Dong, and other ethnic minorities of China. The current literature, however, contains no study on the molecular genetics and taxonomy of A. grossedentata, which had led to potential problems in the conservation and utilization of this resource. Therefore, the present study was aimed to use simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for assessing the levels and the distribution of genetic diversity in a sample set of 225 individuals from nine populations of A. grossedentata in China. The genetic differentiation among the nine …

Allelopathic Potential, Nutritional Qualities, And Responses Of Chenopodium Quinoa (Willd.) To Abiotic Stress Conditions-A Review, Sulaiman Shah, Yaseen Khan

Turkish Journal of Botany

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a pseudo cereal crop, which is considered a new alternative crop due to its high nutritional value and tolerance to environmental stresses. Its seeds are rich in proteins and amino acids (e.g., lysine, threonine, and methionine) that are deficient in other pseudo-cereal crops. It also contains essential fatty acids, such as linoleic, and alpha-linolenic acids, and high quantities of vitamins, e.g., riboflavin (B2), and tocopherol (vitamin E), and inorganic nutrients. It has a low glycemic value, is gluten-free, and has high levels of fibre and antioxidants, e.g., alpha- and gamma-tocopherol. In many studies, quinoa …

Detection And Confirmation Of Diagnostic Microsatellite Loci In Populus Nigra And Populus Deltoides To Identify Their Hybrids (P. × Canadensis), Asi̇ye Uluğ

Turkish Journal of Botany

Poplar cultivation has economic, social, ecological, and environmental importance in Turkey. Even though, Populus × canadensis hybrids play an important role for the commercial poplar cultivation with good growth performance and adaptability, hybrid clones introduced the different region of Turkey have started to replace the native stands of Populus nigra gradually. To continue sustainable cultivation of poplar and to conserve the native stands of P. nigra at the same time, genetic identification, and registration of the Populus cultivars from different origins are essential in breeding programs. Genetic identification and characterization of a natural population of P. nigra growing along the …

The Effect Of Wearable Activity Monitor Presence On Step Counts, William B. Tayler, James D. Lecheminant, Jospeh Price, Christian P. Tadje

Faculty Publications

Objective: In this study, we tested the effect of wearable activity monitors and tracking on physical activity over 2 weeks.

Methods: Ninety young adults participated. Prior to initiation of the study, each participant was asked to download an iPhone app that tracked physical activity level (step counts) but were not told the app’s purpose. Each participant was then randomly assigned to one of 3 groups (N=30/group): (1) measurement awareness, (2) measurement awareness+track/record, or (3) control. Participants in the measurement awareness and the measurement awareness+track/record groups were given a pedometer to wear for 2 weeks. Additionally, participants in the measurement awareness+track/ …

Isolating Bacteriophage For Potential Treatment Of Chronic Multi-Drug Resistant Escherichia Coli Infections, Leila Oswalt

Honors Projects

The misuse and overuse of antibiotics has led to the intense rise in antibiotic resistance. As society transitions into the post antibiotic era, there will be a great need for new therapeutic strategies to address multiple drug resistant bacterial infections. One such method, called bacteriophage therapy, allows for specific targeting of certain pathogenic bacteria through the use of viruses that attack bacteria; termed “bacteriophage” or simply “phage”. Urinary tract infections are among the most common pathological human infections that rely heavily on the use of antibiotics, the major cause of which is the bacterium Escherichia coli. During the Spring 2021-Spring …

New Records Of Digenetic Trematodes Infecting Melanoides Tuberculata (O.F. Müller, 1774) In Florida, Usa, Lori R. Tolley-Jordan, Michael A. Chadwick, Jimmy K. Triplett

Research, Publications & Creative Work

Melanoides tuberculata is a well-known invasive, freshwater snail and intermediate host for many species of parasitic trematodes. Despite being well established in Florida’s freshwater systems, little work has been conducted to document the associated trematodes of the snails. Live snails were collected from 11 sites from 25 locations sampled across the state of Florida, USA of which individuals from six sites were found to be infected with trematodes. Gross morphological characters and phylogenetic analysis using 18S rRNA and ITS2 gene regions, were used to identify these trematode taxa. Snails infected with the gill flukes, Centrocestus formosanus and Haplorchis pumilio (Heterophyidae) …

Length–Weight Relation For Seven Neotropical Freshwater Fish Species (Actinopterygii) Endemic To Central America, Justin C. Bagley, Maria Florencia Breitman, Jerald B. Johnson

Research, Publications & Creative Work

In the presently reported study, we estimated length–weight relation (LWRs) for seven species of freshwater fishes from Central America. Samples were collected using seines from 60 sites across Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama during field expeditions conducted between 1997 and 2012. The fishes were preserved and transported to the lab, where their total weight (W) was measured (to nearest 0.0001 g) and standard lengths were taken (to nearest 0.01 mm). Data were collected from four livebearers (Poeciliidae), Alfaro cultratus (Regan, 1908), Phallichthys amates (Miller, 1907), Poecilia gillii (Kner, 1863), and Priapichthys annectens (Regan, 1907); the cichlids (Cichlidae), Parachromis dovii (Günther, …

Twitter: More Than Tweets For Undergraduate Student Researchers, Nathan S. Reyna, Christin Pruett, Mike Morrison, Jennifer Fowler, Sumali Pandey, Lori Hensley

Research, Publications & Creative Work

A vital component of a CURE is feeling a sense of community. While our students often present to each other at the end of the semester, we have struggled with having them interact with a wider audience. A few students may present class results at a regional or national meeting; however, feasibility limits this opportunity to only a handful of students. Twitter has been used as a tool to disseminate scientific findings (1, 2). As a result of COVID-19, scientific societies have used Twitter to provide snapshots of research to be presented at their virtual meetings using “Twitter Posters” (Michael …

A Novel Cyanopyridine Derived Fluorescent Sensor For Selective Determination Of Uranyl Ions In Different Water Samples, Ekram Hany Mohamed, Amany R Salem, Abeer M. El-Naggar,, Mohammed A. Amin,, Mohamed S. S. Attia

Pharmacy

A newly developed spectrofluorometric method is based on the fabrication of an optical cyanopyridine derived sensor, 4-(6-diaryl)-2-oxo -1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile using microwave irradiation. The fluorescence intensity of the proposed chemo sensor was obviously quenched in DMSO owing to the presence of UO22+ ions at λex/λem = 320/360 nm. The quenching effect of the cyano-derivative based sensor was found to be proportional to the concentration of UO22+ ion ranging between 9.60 × 10–9–5.28 × 10–5 mol L−1 with a detection and quantification limits of 1.71 × 10–11 and 5.2 × 10–11 mol L−1, respectively. © 2021, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.

Seasonal Niche Differentiation Among Closely Related Marine Bacteria, Adrià Auladell, Albert Barberán, Ramiro Logares, Esther Garcés, Josep M. Gasol, Isabel Ferrera

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Bacteria display dynamic abundance fluctuations over time in marine environments, where they play key biogeochemical roles. Here, we characterized the seasonal dynamics of marine bacteria in a coastal oligotrophic time series station, tested how similar the temporal niche of closely related taxa is, and what are the environmental parameters modulating their seasonal abundance patterns. We further explored how conserved the niche is at higher taxonomic levels. The community presented recurrent patterns of seasonality for 297 out of 6825 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), which constituted almost half of the total relative abundance (47%). For certain genera, niche similarity decreased as nucleotide …

Exosomal-Long Non-Coding Rnas Journey In Colorectal Cancer: Evil And Goodness Faces Of Key Players, Nehal I. Rizk, Ahmed I. Abulsoud, Mohamed M. Kamal, Dina H. Kassem, Nadia M. Hamdy

Pharmacy

Exosomes are nano-vesicles (NVs) secreted by cells and take part in cell-cell communications. Lately, these exosomes were proved to have dual faces in cancer. Actually, they can contribute to carcinogenesis through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, metastasis and tumor microenvironment (TME) of various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). On the other hand, they can be potential targets for cancer treatment. CRC is one of the most frequent tumors worldwide, with incidence rates rising in the recent decades. In its early stage, CRC is asymptomatic with poor treatment outcomes. Therefore, finding a non-invasive, early diagnostic biomarker tool and/or suitable defender to combat …

Completing Single-Cell Dna Methylome Profiles Via Transfer Learning Together With Kl-Divergence, Sanjeeva Dodlapati, Zongliang Jiang, Jiangwen Sun

Computer Science Faculty Publications

The high level of sparsity in methylome profiles obtained using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing in the case of low biological material amount limits its value in the study of systems in which large samples are difficult to assemble, such as mammalian preimplantation embryonic development. The recently developed computational methods for addressing the sparsity by imputing missing have their limits when the required minimum data coverage or profiles of the same tissue in other modalities are not available. In this study, we explored the use of transfer learning together with Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence to train predictive models for completing methylome profiles with …

Southeast South Dakota Experiment Farm Annual Progress Report, 2022, Southeast South Dakota Research Farm

Agricultural Experiment Station and Research Farm Annual Reports

This is an annual report of the research program at the Southeast South Dakota Research Farm in cooperation with South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and the SDSU College of Agriculture, Food, and Environmental Sciences and has special significance for those engaged in agriculture and the agriculturally related businesses in the ten county area of Southeast South Dakota. The results shown are not necessarily complete or conclusive. Interpretations given are tentative because additional data resulting from continuation of these experiments may result in conclusions different from those based on any one year.

Heterogeneity Of Recreationists In A Park And Protected Area, Olivia A. Darugna, Mark A. Kaemingk, Christopher J. Chizinski, Kevin L. Pope

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Limited information and resources have caused many parks and protected areas (PPAs) to functionally manage recreationists as a single homogeneous group, despite potential negative social and ecological consequences. We aimed to evaluate the homogeneity of recreationists at the Valentine National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) by 1) quantifying frequencies of consumptive (i.e., hunting), intermediate-consumptive (i.e., fishing), and non-consumptive recreational-activity groups (e.g., wildlife viewing), and 2) evaluating sociodemographic differences among these groups. We used onsite surveys to determine that Valentine NWR supports heterogeneous groups of recreationists. The intermediate-consumptive group was most frequent (77% of all parties). All three recreational-activity groups varied in party …

Observations Of Whooping Crane Parental Provisioning Of Chicks, Glenn H. Olsen

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Crane chicks are dependent on parent birds for provisioning during the first few months of life, but no study has examined this provisioning in detail. In 2014 research staff at the U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center (formerly Patuxent Wildlife Research Center), in Laurel, Maryland, made multiple observations of parent whooping cranes (Grus americana) feeding or interacting with their chick during the 3 months from hatching to fledging. Both parents participated in the feeding of the chick and only 1 chick was raised by each pair of parent whooping cranes. Initially feeding frequency was low (0-20 times …

Surveys And Population Estimates Of A Distinctive Subpopulation Of Sandhill Cranes In The Fraser River Lowlands Of British Columbia, Myles M. Lamont

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

A poorly understood subpopulation of sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) breeds at scattered locations in the lower Fraser River Valley on the south coast of British Columbia. The area also harbors the northernmost population of overwintering sandhill cranes anywhere in its range. While sporadic monitoring has been carried out since the mid-1960s, no formal survey efforts have been attempted for the entire Fraser River lowland subpopulation. During 2014-2019 we collected groundbased survey data on presence and occupation of territories within the study area; this effort was supported by citizen science contributions. On 20 June 2019, we flew a fixed-width, …

Whooping Crane Nest Building In Southwest Indiana, Amy J. Kearns, Hillary L. Thompson, Allisyn-Marie T. Y. Gillet

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

The first documented case of whooping crane (Grus americana) nest building in Indiana is described. During spring 2015, a pair of whooping cranes did not leave their wintering grounds in Gibson County, Indiana, to return to their summering area in Wisconsin. Three nest platforms were discovered after the death of the female crane. To date, this is the only documented example of a whooping crane pair in the reintroduced Eastern Migratory Population (EMP) building nest platforms outside of Wisconsin. Although fidelity to the core nesting areas in Wisconsin is strong, and natal dispersal is usually <30 km, this example from Indiana shows that whooping cranes in the EMP may have the potential to pioneer nesting areas far outside of core reintroduction areas.

Summary Of Mortality Among Captive Cranes At The International Crane Foundation: 2000–2020, Barry K. Hartup, Robert Phillips

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

We reviewed mortalities of captive cranes at the International Crane Foundation (ICF) between 2000 and 2020 to provide broad insights into contemporary factors affecting the collection’s health and survival. Sixty-three deaths were documented in 13 of 15 crane species held in the ICF collection. The mean annual mortality during the study was 2.6% and the mean age (±SD) at death was 28.4 (±12.7) years. The overall total number of deaths of males and females was similar, but there was an association between sex and death of adult versus geriatric (>25 years) cranes (P < 0.01); males were more likely to die at geriatric age than females. Deaths were commonly associated with chronic health and management problems (n = 44, 79%) versus …

Florida Sandhill Crane Relocates Egg During Incubation, Timothy A. Dellinger, Miranda L. Watford, Ronald R. Bielefeld

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Anecdotal accounts of birds moving their eggs to a new location have been reported in shorebirds, waterfowl, and woodpeckers. We report relocation of an egg, 2 days prior to hatching, by an adult Florida sandhill crane (Grus canadensis pratensis). We do not know why the egg was moved, but egg movement among other species appears to be associated with nest disturbance by humans, animals, or environmental conditions.

Initial Evaluation Of Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Enzyme Immunoassay For Use With Crane Semen Samples, Megan E. Brown, Kim Boardman, Katie L. Edwards

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

The management of ex situ and in situ populations of many wildlife species requires detailed knowledge of a species’ reproductive biology. For species such as cranes, where artificial insemination is a critical component of ex situ management strategies, understanding normal sperm function is especially important. Previous research has shown that captive cranes exhibit highly variable production and quality of semen samples produced by individual males and high levels of variation of cell concentration and motility across different species. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) has been implicated in regulating sperm function, such as cell motility, and may affect an individual’s ability …