Life Sciences Commons^™

Coating Formulation Change Leads To Inferior Performance Of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets In Papua New Guinea, Nakei Bubun, Evodia Anetul, Melanie Koinari, Timothy W Freeman, Stephan Karl

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) play a key role in reducing malaria transmission in endemic countries. In a previous study, the authors demonstrated a substantial decrease in the bioefficacy of LLINs for malaria prevention delivered to Papua New Guinea (PNG) between 2013 and 2019. This coincided with a rise in malaria cases in the country. The present study was aimed at determining the underlying cause of the reduced bioefficacy observed in these LLINs. The main hypothesis was that a change in the coating formulation of the respective LLIN product was responsible, and had led to significantly altered product properties and …

The Expression Of Acat1 In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma And The Adjacent Pre-Tumour Tissue, Hadis Firouzpour, Seyed Mohammad Shokrolahi, Ekaterina Bourova-Flin, Samira Derakhshan, Zahra Shahsavari, Abbas Karimi, Hassan Mir Mohammad Sadeghi, Afsaneh Goudarzi

BioMedicine

Background: Altered acetyl CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) expression has been reported in diverse cancers. However, the expression of ACAT1 and its prognostic value in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has remained unexplored. Materials and methods: In this study, the expression of ACAT1 was analysed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 61 OSCC patients and compared between OSCC and adjacent pre-tumour tissue of 21 patients. Results: The expression of ACAT1 in OSCC tumours is heterogeneous between patients. More specifically, 52.38% of the patients show low expression of ACAT1 in both tumour and adjacent pre-tumour tissues, 9.52% of the patients show high expression of …

The Effect Of Ghrelin On Antioxidant Status In The Rat’S Model Of Alzheimer's Disease Induced By Amyloid-Beta, Fatemeh Sarlaki, Zahra Shahsavari, Fatemeh Goshadrou, Faezeh Naseri, Mohammad Keimasi, Majid Sirati-Sabet Dr

BioMedicine

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque formation and oxidative stress in the brain. Ghrelin has been proven to exert antioxidant activity and neuroprotection in different neurological diseases. This study is going on to examine the effect of ghrelin on antioxidant status in the rat’s model of AD induced by Aβ. Cognitive impairment was induced by intra-hippocampal administration of Aβ (10 µg) in Wistar rats and ghrelin (80 μg/kg) was administrated intraperitoneal for ten consecutive days. Behavior was assessed with Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level as a marker of lipid …

Clinicopathological And Prognostic Significance Of Cxcr4 Expression In Osteosarcoma: A Meta-Analysis, I Gusti Ngurah Ananda Wira Kusuma, Grace Yulia Alphani Yapson, John Nolan, I Gede Eka Wiratnaya, I Gede Putu Supadmanaba

BioMedicine

Background: The C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor (CXCR4) is an oncogene that has been widely studied and associated with worse clinicopathological features and prognosis outcomes in many types of cancer. Besides that, significance of CXCR4 expression on clinicopathological features and prognostic factors in osteosarcoma (OS) requires further validation.

Aim: We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between positive CXCR4 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis in OS.

Methods: Literature searches on Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were conducted systematically up to December 2021 to find relevant references. The effects of CXCR4 expression on clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic were …

Analysis Of Antiquorum-Sensing And Antibiofilm Activity By Pomelo Peel Extract (Citrus Maxima) On Multidrug-Resistance Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, I Gede Krisna Arim Sadeva, Putri Ayu Wulandari, Aizar Vesa Prasetyo, Luh Putu Nike Wahyuntika, Putu Nindya Krisnadewi Rahadi, I Gede Aswin Parisya Sasmana, I Made Rhamandana Putra, Agus Eka Darwinata

BioMedicine

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is gram-negative bacteria with high adaptability by forming biofilms and quorum-sensing mechanisms to avoid immune responses and antimicrobial agents which tend to develop into Multidrug Resistance (MDR) related to Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI) with a prevalence of 3,8% in Indonesia and a mortality of up to 69%. Polyphenol compounds found in pomelo peels (Citrus maxima) have been shown to have antibiofilm and antiquorum-sensing effects but are less investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate those effects on MDR P. aeruginosa. In vitro study design is performed to evaluate the inhibition effect of ethanolic extract on bacterial …

Crosstalk Between Fatty Acid Metabolism And Tumour-Associated Macrophages In Cancer Progression, Noorzaileen Eileena Zaidi, Nur Aima Hafiza Shazali, Thean Chor Leow, Mohd Azuraidi Osman, Kamariah Ibrahim, Nik Mohd Afizan Nik Abd Rahman

BioMedicine

Over the last few decades, cancer has been regarded as an independent and selfsustaining progression. The earliest hallmarks of cancer comprise of sustaining proliferative signalling, avoiding growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, and activating invasion and metastasis. Nonetheless, two emerging hallmarks are being described: aberrant metabolic pathways and evasion of immune destruction. Changes in tumour cell metabolism are not restricted to tumour cells alone; the products of the altered metabolism have a direct impact on the activity of immune cells inside the tumour microenvironment, particularly tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs). The complicated process of cancer growth is orchestrated …

Is Autologous Platelet Activation The Key Step In Ovarian Therapy For Fertility Recovery And Menopause Reversal?, Natalie S. Rickers, E. Scott Sills

BioMedicine

Platelets are a uniquely mammalian physiologic feature. As the only non-marine vertebrates to experience menopause, humans have a substantial post-reproductive lifespan and are believed to have a limited, non-renewable oocyte supply. Ovarian reserve typically declines after about age 35yrs, marking losses which cannot be recovered by available fertility medications. When in vitro fertilization fails due to low or absent ovarian response, gonadotropin adjustments are often ineffectual and if additional oocytes are occasionally harvested, egg quality is usually poor. This problem was confronted by Greek researchers who developed a new surgical method to insert autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) into ovaries; the …

Acknowledgment Of Reviewers

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

No abstract provided.

Inorganic Arsenic Speciation Analysis In Food Using Hplc/Icp-Ms: Method Development And Validation, Yu-Cheng Lai, Yi-Chen Tsai, Yu-Ning Shin, Ya-Chun Chou, Ying-Ru Shen, Nu-Ching Lin, Shu-Han Chang, Ya-Min Kao, Su-Hsiang Tseng, Der-Yuan Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Arsenic (As) compounds can be classified as organic or inorganic, with inorganic arsenic (iAs) having significantly higher toxicity than organic As. As may accumulate in food materials that have been exposed to As-contaminated environments. Thus, the “Sanitation Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Foods” published by the Ministry of Health and Welfare set the standard limits for iAs content in rice, seaweed, seafood, and marine oils to safeguard public health. Therefore, a robust analytical method must be developed to selectively and quantitatively determine iAs content in rice, seaweed, seafood, and marine oils. Herein, we reported and verified the method of …

Optimization Of Quechers And High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detection Conditions To Assess The Impact Of Preparation Procedures On Eu Priority Pahs In Coffee Samples And Their Pahs Consumption Risk, Ying-Chun Wan, Zwe-Lin Kong, Yu-Hsuan Chao, Chia-Fang Teng, Deng-Jye Yang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The good performance conditions for determination of EU priority PAHs in coffee samples were established to evaluate the effects of roasting degree on the PAHs in coffee beans and the brewing methods on the PAHs transfer from coffee beans to their brews. The consumption risk of the PAHs in coffee products was also assessed. The PAHs levels of the roasted coffee beans were in the order: 923.65 ng/g (dark roast) > 132.20 ng/g (medium roast) > 69.28 ng/g (light roast). Compared with general brewing with the drip bag (PAHs content, 0.30–0.62 ng/mL in coffee brews), the coffee machine brewing (set at 4 …

Effect Of Sterilization Conditions On The Formation Of Furan And Its Derivatives In Canned Foods With Different Substrates, Wen-Xuan Tsao, Bing-Huei Chen, Tsai-Hua Kao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study explored the effects of sterilization conditions on the formation of furan and its 10 derivatives in canned foods with a sterilizing value (F0) at 4. The contents of furans were determined by SPME arrow-GC-MS/MS, along with the furan precursors analyzed for elucidating the possible mechanism of furan formation. Results revealed that the total furan contents rose substantially in canned meat paste, tomato mackerel, chicken puree, tomato paste, pineapple slice, pineapple juice and carrot juice following sterilization. However, the total furan content did not change significantly ( p > 0.05) in canned oily mackerel, but decreased significantly ( p < 0.05) in canned apple puree after sterilization. With the exception of apple puree and pineapple slice, all the other canned foods showed a higher total furan content under low-temperature-long-time condition than that under high-temperature-short-time condition. Following heating, only the furan level showed a large increase in chicken puree, meat paste and tomato mackerel, whereas in canned fruit- and vegetable-based foods, the contents of furan and furfural showed a pronounced increase. The levels of alkylated furans were higher in sterilized samples containing high level of amino acid, while that of oxygenated furans were higher in sterilized samples containing high level of reducing sugar.

Optimum Synthesis Of Au@Ag Nanoparticle As Plasma Amplifier To Detect Trace Concentration Of Afb1 Via Object-Binder-Metal Sers Method, Wenwen Chen, Qiang Chen, Wei Zhang, De Zhang, Zhi Yu, Ying Song, Xiubing Zhang, Dejiang Ni, Pei Liang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The problem of aflatoxin contamination emerged gradually in the field of food safety. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an ultra-sensitive and non-destructive spectroscopy technology with extensive application prospects in the detection field. In this paper, with the detection of AFB1 as the target, Au@Ag NPs substrate with uniform morphology and strong SERS effect was prepared. Furthermore, the intermediates formed by hydrogen bonding between AFB1 and melamine facilitate the binding of toxin molecules to the substrate. Moreover, the AFB1-melamine-Au@Ag NPs detection system was established by optimizing the melamine dosage, and the limit of detection can reach 10^-8 mol/L (M). In …

Simple And Rapid Detection Of Ractopamine In Pork With Comparison Of Lspr And Lfia Sensors, Min Ji Lee, Sheik Aliya, Eun-Seon Lee, Tae-Joon Jeon, Mi-Hwa Oh, Yun Suk Huh

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study developed a simple and rapid strategic technique to detect ractopamine (chemical growth-promoting agent) in pork. Two highly sensitive and specific gold nanoparticle-based portable sensors, i.e., localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors, and lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) strips were developed to detect veterinary drug residues in food products, that have detrimental effects on humans. Optimization studies were conducted on several sensor devices to improve sensitivity. Each sensor comprised functionalized gold nanoparticles conjugated with ractopamine antibodies. The LSPR sensor chip achieved excellent detection sensitivity = 1.19 fg/mL and was advantageous for quantitative analysis due to its wide dynamic range. On …

Recent Trends In Analysis Of Mycotoxins In Food Using Carbon-Based Nanomaterials, Bing-Huei Chen, Baskaran Stephen Inbaraj

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Mycotoxins (MYTs), a class of low molecular weight secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi in food and feed, pose serious global threat to both human health and world economy. Due to their mutagenic, teratogenic, carcinogenic and immunosuppressive effects, the International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified various MYTs under Group 1 to 3 category with aflatoxins being designated under Group 1 category (carcinogenic to humans). Also, the presence of MYTs in trace amounts in diverse food matrices necessitates exploration of highly sensitive methods for onsite analysis. Although conventional chromatographic methods are highly sensitive, they are expensive, tedious and cannot …

Recent Advances In Immunoassay-Based Mycotoxin Analysis And Toxicogenomic Technologies, Winnie-Pui-Pui Liew, Mohd-Redzwan Sabran

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The co-occurrence and accumulation of mycotoxin in food and feed constitutes a major issue to food safety, food security, and public health. Accurate and sensitive mycotoxins analysis can avoid toxin contamination as well as reduce food wastage caused by false positive results. This mini review focuses on the recent advance in detection methods for multiple mycotoxins, which mainly depends on immunoassay technologies. Advance immunoassay technologies integrated in mycotoxin analysis enable simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins and enhance the outcomes’ quality. It highlights toxicogenomic as novel approach for hazard assessment by utilizing computational methods to map molecular events and biological processes. …

Analysis Of Highly Polar Pesticides In Foods By Lc-Ms/Ms, Wan-Rou Liao, Kuan-Lu Wu, Kun-Hao Chiang, Chieh-En Teng, Sung-Fang Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Highly polar pesticides (HPP) are a group of pesticides that are characterize as low Log Kow. Many high-throughput multi-residue analysis methods based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of such polar pesticides have been proposed. In this article, we summarize the various sample preparation methods including quick polar pesticides (QuPPe), dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE), solid phase extraction (SPE) and QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe), especially for QuPPe, which are mainly used for the determination of HPP in foods. In addition, we summarize LC-based separation methodologies that are currently used for the analysis …

Microbial Toxins In Fermented Foods: Health Implications And Analytical Techniques For Detection, Khadijah Fayyaz, Asad Nawaz, Amin N. Olaimat, Kashif Akram, Umar Farooq, Mehreen Fatima, Shahida Anusha Siddiqui, Insha Shakeel Rana, Mahnoor Mahnoor, Hafiz Muhammad Shahbaz

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Recently, demand for fermented foods has increased due to their improved nutritional value, taste, and health-promoting properties. Worldwide consumption of these products is increasing. Fermented foods are generally safe for human consumption. However, some toxins, primarily biogenic amines (putrescine, phenylethylamine, histamine, tyramine, and cadaverine), mycotoxins (fumonisins, aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, and trichothecenes), and bacterial toxins (endotoxins, enterotoxins, and emetic toxins) can be produced as a result of using an inappropriate starter culture, processing conditions, and improper storage. These toxins can cause a multitude of foodborne illnesses and can lead to cardiovascular aberration and adverse gastrointestinal symptoms. Analytical techniques are in …

Recent Advances In The Analysis Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Food And Water, Bing-Huei Chen, Baskaran Stephen Inbaraj, Kuo-Chiang Hsu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a class of harmful and persistent organic contaminant, are widely distributed in the environment and eventually accumulated in water and food. Also, they are formed in different varieties and varying amounts during processing of food depending on the food composition, cooking method and processing condition. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), various PAHs are classified under Group 1 to 3 category, with Group 1 designated as carcinogenic to humans, Group 2A as probable carcinogen, Group 2B as possible carcinogen and Group 3 as noncarcinogenic. Therefore, it is imperative to develop rapid and …

Preface, Bing-Huei Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

No abstract provided.

Blackcurrants Reduce The Risk Of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Pilot Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial., Briana M Nosal, Junichi R Sakaki, Zachary Macdonald, Kyle Mahoney, Kijoon Kim, Matthew Madore, Staci Thornton, Thi Dong Binh Tran, George M. Weinstock, Elaine Choung-Hee Lee, Ock K Chun

Faculty Research 2022

Beneficial effects of blackcurrant supplementation on bone metabolism in mice has recently been demonstrated, but no studies are available in humans. The current study aimed to examine the dose-dependent effects of blackcurrant in preventing bone loss and the underlying mechanisms of action in adult women. Forty peri- and early postmenopausal women were randomly assigned into one of three treatment groups for 6 months: (1) a placebo (control group, n = 13); (2) 392 mg/day of blackcurrant powder (low blackcurrant, BC, group, n = 16); and (3) 784 mg/day of blackcurrant powder (high BC group, n = 11). The significance of …

Natural Resource System Size Can Be Used For Managing Recreational Use, Derek S. Kane, Kevin L. Pope, Keith D. Koupal, Mark A. Pegg, Christopher J. Chizinski, Mark A. Kaemingk

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Outdoor recreation provides societal benefits that are often measured by the amount of use natural resource systems receive. Still, the amount of resource use natural resource systems receive is often unknown or unstudied. Monitoring and quantifying resource use is often logistically difficult and costly but is paramount to optimize societal benefits. Identifying a simple and readily available metric that can indicate the quantity of recreational use of natural resource systems would benefit natural resource management. Using recreational angler participation data during an 11-year study period from 73 public waterbodies in Nebraska, USA, we developed a resource size-use model that demonstrates …

Effect Of Egg White Powder On Frying Characteristics Of Surimi And Its Mechanism, Xie Dongfei, Deng Fenghong, Peng Peiqi, Huang Li, Hu Xiuting, Luo Shunjing

Food and Machinery

Objective:The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of egg white powder addition on the fried characteristics of surimi and its influencing mechanism. Methods:The cheap silver carp was used as raw material, and the egg white powder was added to the surimi for compounding. The frying characteristics of surimi were characterized by measuring porosity, hardness and water absorption, and the dynamic rheological properties, foam stability and SDS-PAGE of surimi were measured to explore its influencing mechanism. Results:With the increase of egg white powder content, the porosity and water absorption of fried fish ball increased first …

Effects Of Different Concentrations Of Free So2 And Dissolved Oxygen On Wine Color And Anthocyanins Content, Peng Xin, Yang Xing-Yuan, Asat Ahtam, Yang Fan, Li Ze-Han, Li Han-Lun

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study aimed to explore the effects of different concentrations of dissolved oxygen and free SO₂ on the color and related parameters of Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine during aging, and to provide basic data for enterprises to improve the aging process of Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine.Methods:Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine from Xinpuwang Wineyard in Shanshan County, Turpan, Xinjiang was used as the brewing material. The effects of different concentrations of free SO₂ and dissolved oxygen on wine color, hue and anthocyanin content were observed during wine aging.Results:The wine was bright red …

Effects Of The Dark Blue Pigment From Vaccinium Bracteatum Thunb Leaves On The Physicochemical Properties Of Rice Protein, Zhao Jiajia, Wang Meng, Li Yan, Qian Haifeng, Fan Mingcong, Wang Li

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study was to explore the improvement of structural and emulsifying properties of rice protein by interacted with the dark blue pigment of Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb leaves. Methods:The dark blue pigment was prepared from VBTL, and the changes of structural and emulsifying properties of rice protein before and after dyeing were analyzed. Results:The formation of binary complexes between the dark blue pigment and the rice protein decreased the color values of L* and b*, and the hue of the pigment-protein complex changed to dark blue color with the increase of the pigment concentration. The water solubility …

Determination Of Iodine In Milk Powder By Combing Microwave Digestion With Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, Zhu Jia-Jun, Li Liang, He Shuang, Chen Jing-Zhou

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study aimed to establish an efficient and accurate method for the determination of total iodine in milk powder by microwave digestion combining with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Methods:Firstly, 0.2 mL of precipitant and 5 mL of ultrapure water were added for mixing and standing, and then 5 mL of nitric acid was added for microwave digestion. After cooling, the volume was fixed to 35 mL with ultrapure water, and then 10 mL of ammonia, 1 mL of stabilizer and 50 μL of TritonX-100 were added in sequence, avoiding the iodine loss. Results:The detection …

Analysis Of Pesticide Residues And Heavy Metal Pollution In Leek, Wang Xiali, Yan Jian, Zhang Li, Li Tao, Zhang Jihong

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study aimed to help with the scientific management of leek food safety in Hunan Province. Methods: 24 kinds of pesticides and 5 kinds of heavy metals in 690 leek samples from Hunan Province were detected. Results:① Pesticide residues were detected in 23.19% of the 690 samples, and the top three pesticides were determined to be carbendazim, procymidone and cypermethrin. The exceeding rate of pesticide residues was 5.80%, and the highest exceeding rate was 2.61% of procymidone. ② The detection rate of heavy metal elements was 77.68%, and the exceeding rate was 3.62%. The highest detection rate …

Determination Of Three Methylimidazole Compounds In Food Flavors By Solid Phase Extraction Coupled With Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Zhou Yanhua, Li Tao, Xiang Jun, Xu Wenyang

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to establish a method for quick determination of 3 kinds ofmethylimidazole compounds in food flavor. Methods:The food flavor was extracted with 5% trichloroacetic acid solution and purified with PCX mixed cationic solid phase extraction column. Finally, the qualitative and quantitative analysis was carried out by ultra- performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and internal standard method. Results: The linear relationship between the three methyl imidazole compounds was good in the range of 5.0~400.0 ng/mL, with correlation coefficient R²≥0.997. The limits of detection were 0.030~0.450 μg/kg and the limits of quantification (LOQ) …

Design Of On-Line Nondestructive Rapid Detection System For Tilapia Descaling Rate Based On Machine Vision, Li Pengpeng, Li Yule, Zeng Fanyi, Liu Yang, Zhang Xu, Wang Huihui

Food and Machinery

Objective:Improve the quality and efficiency of tilapia processing and increase the added value of products.Methods:For the fluorescence response difference of fish scales and fish skin under ultraviolet excitation, a rapid detection system for tilapia descaling rate based on machine vision technology was constructed. After image pre-processing, background segmentation, ROI region selection, and rapid identification of discaled areas, the scaled and descaled area images were obtained. Then the scaling rate was calculated and the detection accuracy of the system was tested. Results:The accuracy of the system scaling rate detection ranged from 90.18% to 94.14%.Conclusion:The automatic …

The Design Of 3d Icing Sugar Printer Based On Room Temperature Extrusion, Wang Qiaolan, You Xiaoping

Food and Machinery

Objective:The paper aims to design a 3D icing sugar printer that meets the requirements of safety, hygiene, convenient operation, and stable structural performance. Methods:The 3D icing sugar printer includes the mechanical mechanism and control system. The mechanical structure adopts a gantry structure and reforms the food can. The control system adopts "Industrial PC + Motion control card" mode. Results:Fast food can replacement (＜ 30 s); fast printing speed (≥5 000 mm/min), adjustable speed; printing accuracy (＜1 mm); good strength, expansion rate and surface roughness of the printed objects. The image recognition and processing system with the self-light …

Application Of Story Elements In Children's Food Packaging Design Based On Cognitive Psychology, Tang Hua

Food and Machinery

This paper analyzes the problems existing in the current packaging design of children's food in China, and studies the emotional value, intellectual value, information transmission value and brand value of story elements in the packaging design of children's food. Explores the specific application of story elements in the packaging design of children's food from three aspects, namely, the theme of the incident, the scenario of the story, and the plot design, with the help of several award-winning international packaging works in recent years.