Life Sciences Commons^™

Y-Chromosomal Short Tandem Repeat Variation In Kurd, Assyrian, And Armenian Populations In Iraq Kurdistan, Sabriya K. Khalid, Yousif M. Fattah

Polytechnic Journal

North central Middle Eastern countries Iran,Iraq,Turkey,andSyriaall have persistent Kurdish regions. Over thousands of years, several ethnicities have immigrated, settled, or resided in the region, including Turks, Persians, Arabs, Kurds, Armenians, Assyrians, Chechens, and Azeris. The aim of the present study is to use a set of Y-STR to characterize the genetic structure of the Kurd, Assyrian, and Armenian population and build a phylogenetic tree among them

Moving Vehicle Method To Calculate Traffic Flow Characteristics For Erbil 60m Ring Road, Kamal Y. Abdullah, Bafreen Ch. Zero

Polytechnic Journal

Traffic flow characteristics are important factors in the planning and management of highway facilities. Such information is not available in systematic form of the city of Erbil, so this study aims to obtain required data on flow, speed and density accordingly to find the relationship between these three parameters. Travel time, travel speed and flow due to traffic interaction data are also needed to evaluate the existing levels of service which is necessary for transportation planning and economic analysis, to be done in this field. This study uses the directional distribution of several selected road sections in the city of …

Investigation Of Homocysteine, Vitamin B6 And Vitamin D Among Patients With Colorectal Cancer, Fenik A. Nadir, Zeyan A. Ali

Polytechnic Journal

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease that begins exclusively in the colon or rectum and is caused by the abnormal growth of glandular epithelial cells within the colon. Homocysteine, vitamin B6, and vitamin D are recognized to play a significant role in colorectal tumor pathogenesis. The aim of this study to investigate serum levels of Hcy, vitamin D and vitamin B6in colorectal cancer.

Hepatoprotective And Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Entecavir Or Probiotics On Oxaliplatin-Induced Liver Injury In The Rats, Asem A. Askandar, Ansam N. Alhassani

Polytechnic Journal

Oxaliplatin (OXA), a current cancer chemotherapeutic, has low efficacy and is linked to serious adverse effects, including liver damage. We anticipated that probiotics and entecavir would help reduce OXA-induced liver damage because the pathophysiology of drug-induced liver damage is thought to be related to the disordered gut microbiota. Twenty-four rats were used in this study and divided into 4 groups: control group (n=6), OXA group (n=6),entecavir (ENT)group (n=6), and probiotics (PRO) group (n=6). After 3weeks, all rats were sacrificed, and blood samples were analyzed for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-1. …

Flexural Behavior Of Two-Layers Reinforced Concrete Beams, Halmat B. Najm, Mereen H. Fahmi Rasheed

Polytechnic Journal

High-strength concrete is used to reduce the size of the beams in addition to enhancing the strength, this leads to overestimated cost in comparison with normal-strength concrete while using normal-strength concrete leads to the overestimated amount of concrete (layer size) of the beam section. For balancing the condition between the cost and size of beams, the benefit of both materials is used, by using beams in two layers, high-strength concrete in the compression zone (top layer), which is more beneficial for beam strength, and normal strength concrete in tension zone (bottom layer), which is no need using high strength concrete …

Utilization Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer For Strengthening Of Structural Light-Weight Reinforced Concrete One-Way Slabs, Shvan M. Ahmed, Kamaran S. Ismail, Bahman O. Taha

Polytechnic Journal

Among many manufacturing industries, civil engineering sectors have been more involved in incorporating fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. These composite materials have been selected as an appropriate solution for strengthening reinforced concrete structural elements because of their excellent tensile strength, high strength to weight ratio, and simplicity of implementation. This experimental study aims to evaluate the flexural behaviors of structural light-weight reinforced concrete (SLWC) one-way slabs strengthened with different patterns of CFRP. The proposed material in the current study is using pumice aggregate as a full replacement of natural coarse aggregate. Four structural light-weight concrete (SLWC) slabs with the dimensions …

Screening For Antibacterial Activity In Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Xanthomonas Euvesicatoria, Medya Ahmad Salih, Tavga Sulaiman Rashid

Polytechnic Journal

The environment and human health have fared badly from the use of synthetic pesticides as a form of pest control. Plants are considered as an alternate pesticide for pest control without sacrificing the environment and their potency on pests

Social Bot Detection Using Machine Learning Algorithms: A Survey And Research Challenges, Kayhan Zrar Ghafoor

Polytechnic Journal

In the past decade social media platforms growing rapidly and they are part of our routine life. Each platform has its own specification which uses for specific purposes. After this widely spread, those SMPs were targeted by the cybercriminals to cast their malicious activities. There are many different malicious activities in SMPs such as spamming, phishing, fake account. In these papers, Bots activities in SMPs one of those threats which include fake accounts, fake friends/followers, spreading misinformation by purpose, and many more. At the beginning of our work, we explain all terminology related to this topic to have a clear …

Review Of Feature Selection Methods Using Optimization Algorithm (Review Paper For Optimization Algorithm), Zana O. Hamad

Polytechnic Journal

Many works have been done to reduce complexity in terms of time and memory space. The feature selection process is one of the strategies to reduce system complexity and can be defined as a process of selecting the most important feature among feature space.Therefore,themostuseful features will be kept,and the less useful features will be eliminated.In the fault classification and diagnosis field, feature selection plays an important role in reducing dimensionality and sometimes might lead to having a high classification rate. In this paper, a comprehensive review is presented about feature selection processing and how it can be done.The primary goal …

Analysis Of 3.5 Million Sars-Cov-2 Sequences Reveals Unique Mutational Trends With Consistent Nucleotide And Codon Frequencies, Sarah E. Fumagalli, Nigam H. Padhiar, Douglas Meyer, Upendra Katneni, Haim Bar, Michael Dicuccio, Anton A. Komar, Chava Kimchi‑Sarfaty

Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications

Background: Since the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, bioinformatic analyses have been performed to understand the nucleotide and synonymous codon usage features and mutational patterns of the virus. However, comparatively few have attempted to perform such analyses on a considerably large cohort of viral genomes while organizing the plethora of available sequence data for a month-by-month analysis to observe changes over time. Here, we aimed to perform sequence composition and mutation analysis of SARS-CoV-2, separating sequences by gene, clade, and timepoints, and contrast the mutational profile of SARS-CoV-2 to other comparable RNA viruses.Methods: Using a cleaned, filtered, and pre-aligned dataset …

Smart Precision Agriculture But Resource Constrained Farmers: Is Service Provision A Potential Solution? Farmer's Willingness To Pay For Laser-Land Leveling Services In Nepal, Gokul P. Paudel, Aditya Raj Khanal, Dil Bahadur Rahut, Timothy J. Krupnik, Andrew J. Mcdonald

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Farmers commonly split large, undulating crop fields, even those at similar elevation range or contour, into a patchwork of small sub-plots in plane areas of Nepal. Specifically, to ensure irrigation or rainwater throughout their cultivated rice or wheat growing areas, structures like bunds, dikes, and ditches are commonly built. These structures not only require significant labor hours to build but also incur loss of some portion of productive crop areas. Laser-land leveling (LLL) is one of the precision technologies that can prevent these area losses, save labor costs, and enhance water utilization. However, purchase of LLL system requires …

Riverine Commons And Institute Framework Plan, Community Design Center

Community Design Center Project Reports

The nonprofit Watershed Conservation Resource Center is restoring a 98-acre riparian wetland landscape near downtown Fayetteville as a River Commons and Institute. The Framework Plan combines watershed restoration with architecture and urban design to house a river education center, a visitor interpretive center, walking trails, passive recreation facilities including bird watching and canoeing, and outdoor heritage exhibitions. The Plan operates at the intersection of anthropology, ecology, and design in developing a lasting and robust riverine knowledge fund across space and time.

Birth Preparedness And Complication Readiness Among Pregnant Women Attending Primary Health Care Centers In Erbil City, Jwan R. Taha, Salih A. Abdulla

Polytechnic Journal

Background and Objectives: Birth preparedness and complication readiness (BP/CR) is a plan that helps women to consider all obtainable maternal health care services. The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge on key danger signs and components of BP/CR among pregnant women within 3rd trimester who attending primary health care centers in Erbil city. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on 300 pregnant women, during the period mid-March 2019 to the end of July 2019 in five primary health care centers in Erbil city. Data gathered through interview with study sample and using structured questionnaires and …

Hepatoprotective And Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Entecavir Or Probiotics On Oxaliplatin-Induced Liver Injury In The Rats, Asem Anwar Askandar, Ansam Naji Alhassani

Polytechnic Journal

Oxaliplatin (OXA), a current cancer chemotherapeutic, has low efficacy and is linked to serious adverse effects, including liver damage. We anticipated that probiotics and entecavir would help reduce OXA-induced liver damage because the pathophysiology of drug-induced liver damage is thought to be related to the disordered gut microbiota. Twenty-four rats were used in this study and divided into 4 groups: control group (n=6), OXA group (n=6), entecavir (ENT) group (n=6), and probiotics (PRO) group (n=6). After 3 weeks, all rats were sacrificed, and blood samples were analyzed for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), interleukin 6 …

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 99, No. 1), Department Of Library Special Collections

The Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Novel Signposts On The Road From Natural Sources To Pharmaceutical Applications: A Combinative Approach Between Lc-Dad-Ms And Offline Lc-Nmr For The Biochemical Characterization Of Two Hypericum Species (H. Montbretii And H. Origanifolium), Stefania Sut, Stefano Dall'acqua, Gokhan Zengin, Ismail Senkardes, Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba, Abdelhakim Bouyahya, Abdurrahman Aktumsek

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

The members of the genus Hypericum have great potential to develop functional uses in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications. With this in mind, we aimed to determine the chemical profiling and biological properties of different extracts (ethyl acetate, methanol and water) from two Hypericum species (H. montbretii and H. origanifolium). We combined two approaches (LC-DAD-MS and LC-NMR) to identify and quantify chemical compounds of the extracts. Antioxidant properties (free radical quenching, reducing power and metal chelating) and enzyme inhibitory effects (cholinesterase, tyrosinase, amylase and glucosidase) were determined as biological properties. The tested extracts were rich in caffeic acid derivatives and flavonoids, …

Prevalence Of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Among Peshmargas, Whom Fought Against Isis Warin Kurdistan Region Borders, Shireen J. Mohammed, Hoshyar A. Ahmed

Polytechnic Journal

Psychological disturbanceis one of the most significant feature amongst individuals who are served military tasks. This study presentedthe Post Traumatic Disorder (PTSD) among the peshmargas(Kurdish military personnel) who joined in ISIS war. The aim of this study is todetermine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder among peshmargas returning from war and to identify the associated factors of PTSD among the study sample.

Biocontrol Activities Of Olive Endophytic Bacteria Isolates Against Pseudomonas Savastanoi, Avin Omer Ali, Tavga Sulaiman Rashid

Polytechnic Journal

Background and objectives: Olive knot disease caused by the phytopathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas savastanoi affects olive cultivation in both quality and quantity. Endophytic bacteria are candidates for biocontrol agents according to previous research. Methods: In this study we collected samples (leaves and galls) randomly for pathogen and endophytic bacteria isolation from the different olive growing areas around Erbil including (Qucha Blbas, Grdasor, Sami Abdulrahman Park, and College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences) on June - October 2021. Results: Forty-six isolates of endophytic bacteria were obtained and tested against P. savastanoi. The result indicated that five isolates showed growth inhibition of the pathogen …

Knowledge Protocol Of Direct And Indirect Veneers Among Dental Practitioners - A Case Study, Sazan Manaf Azeez, Bassam Kareem Amin, Noor Kaylan Hamid, Ali Ali Saber

Polytechnic Journal

Background and objectives: Dental veneers are constructed from different materials such as porcelain, pressed ceramic, processed composite, or directly applied composite. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the preferred dental materials for veneers and the knowledge about its procedures by dentists in the Kurdistan region/Erbil city Methods: To assess general dentists' knowledge and practical use of direct and indirect veneers, a cross-sectional survey was undertaken in March 2022 among all general dentists and different dental specialties in Erbil city. The questionnaire was composed of 16 questions and was organized into knowledge, attitude, and practice sections. Google forms were …

Preparation Of Curve Number Grid Map Of Rawanduz River Basin In Kri Using Gis Techniques, Israa D. Ahmed, Jehan M. Fattah Sheikh Suleimany

Polytechnic Journal

The study is being conducted with the goal of applying various models and techniques for catchment delineation and providing the opportunity to determine the Curve Numbers (CN) for the Rawanduz river basin (2956 Km2), which is located in the northeastern section of Iraq, Kurdistan region, by utilizing Geographic Information System (GIS). Satellite data (Landsat 8 OLI) for 2020 was utilized to build land cover classes, with a classification accuracy of 90% and a Kappa index of 86.18%. The hydrologic soil map for the region is digitized from the Iraqi soil map. In specifically, Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) is technique …

Drought Vulnerability Modeling Over Mandawa Watershed, Northern Iraq, Using Gis-Ahp Techniques, Zhyan A. Ahmed, Jehan M. Fattah Sheikh Suleimany

Polytechnic Journal

Drought is among the most severe natural calamities induced by lack of water, having a negative implication on water resources and agriculture in the affected area. Drought types and severity vary by location, so understanding the spatial distribution can aid in developing measures to overcome this natural hazard. In this study, the areas vulnerable to droughts in the Mandawa watershed in the Kurdistan region of Iraq were determined by employing seven associated factors: rainfall, temperature, LULC, surfaceslope, soil texture, elevation, and distance to rivers. Satellite imagery of Landsat 8 OLI for 2021was employed to create the Land Use and Land …

Moving Vehicle Method To Calculate Traffic Flow Characteristics For Erbil 60m Ring Road, Kamal Y. Abdullah, Bafreen Ch. Zero

Polytechnic Journal

Traffic flow characteristics are important factors in the planning and management of highway facilities. Such information is not available in systematic form of the city of Erbil, so this study aims to obtain required data on flow, speed and density accordingly to find the relationship between these three parameters. Travel time, travel speed and flow due to traffic interaction data are also needed to evaluate the existing levels of service which is necessary for transportation planning and economic analysis, to be done in this field. This study uses the directional distribution of several selected road sections in the city of …

Flexural Behavior Of Two-Layers Reinforced Concrete Beams, Halmat B. Najm, Mereen H. Fahmi Rasheed

Polytechnic Journal

High-strength concrete is used to reduce the size of the beams in addition to enhancing the strength, this leads to overestimated cost in comparison with normal-strength concrete while using normal-strength concrete leads to the overestimated amount of concrete (layer size) of the beam section. For balancing the condition between the cost and size of beams, the benefit of both materials is used, by using beams in two layers, high-strength concrete in the compression zone (top layer), which is more beneficial for beam strength, and normal strength concrete in tension zone (bottom layer), which is no need using high strength concrete …

Utilization Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer For Strengthening Of Structural Light-Weight Reinforced Concrete One-Way Slabs, Shvan M. Ahmed, Kamaran S. Ismail, Bahman O. Taha

Polytechnic Journal

Among many manufacturing industries, civil engineering sectors have been more involved in incorporating fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. These composite materials have been selected as an appropriate solution for strengthening reinforced concrete structural elements because of their excellent tensile strength, high strength to weight ratio, and simplicity of implementation. This experimental study aims to evaluate the flexural behaviors of structural light-weight reinforced concrete (SLWC) one-way slabs strengthened with different patterns of CFRP. The proposed material in the current study is using pumice aggregate as a full replacement of natural coarse aggregate. Four structural light-weight concrete (SLWC) slabs with the dimensions …

Protecting Wa Crops Issue 27 - February 2023, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Protecting WA Crops

Protecting WA Crops Issue 27 - February 2023 contents:

• Glyphosate alternatives for summer and pre-seeding knockdown weed control
• Meet Crop Protection team member – Cindy Webster

Bringing Back Former Vegans And Vegetarians: An Obstacle Analysis, Jo Anderson, Coni Arévalo

Diet

People have a variety of motivations for switching to plant-based diets, yet not all people who begin the transition to a vegan or vegetarian (collectively called veg*n) diet maintain it long-term. In fact, Faunalytics’ study of current and former veg*ns (2014) found that the number of lapsed (former) vegans and vegetarians in the United States far surpasses the number of current veg*ns, and most who lapse do so within a year. Are these people the low-hanging fruit for diet advocates? They could be—there are many of them and they’re clearly at least somewhat willing to go veg*n, so maybe more …

Investigation Of Homocysteine, Vitamin B6 And Vitamin D Among Patients With Colorectal Cancer, Fenik A. Nadir, Zeyan A. Ali

Polytechnic Journal

Background and objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease that begins exclusively in the colon or rectum and is caused by the abnormal growth of glandular epithelial cells within the colon. Homocysteine, vitamin B6, and vitamin D are recognized to play a significant role in colorectal tumor pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate serum levels of Hcy, vitamin D and vitamin B6 in colorectal cancer. Methods: The current study investigated the vital roles of homocysteine, vitamin B6 and vitamin D in cancer development by comparing serum levels of colorectal cancer patients with those of the healthy control …

Dominant Ecological Processes And Plant Functional Strategies Change During The Succession Of A Subtropical Forest, Taotao Han, Hai Ren, Dafeng Hui, Yanpeng Zhu, Hongfang Lu, Qingfeng Guo, Jun Wang

Biology Faculty Research

Understanding community assembly process could enhance forest conservation and restoration, while which dominant ecological process drives the community assembly during forest succession is still controversial. In this study, the phylogeny-based and functional trait-based indicators were used to investigate the community assembly processes during forest succession in southern China. 30 dominant species and 33 functional trait indicators related to plant competition, reproduction, and defense strategies, 7 environmental factors related to light availability and soil nutrients, and species richness were selected to explore the dominant ecological processes during succession via Monte Carlo method, structural equation model, multiple linear regression, and one-way …

From The Organismal To Biosphere Levels: Environmental Impacts On The Amphibian Microbiota, Obed Hernandez-Gomez, Jessica Hua

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Faculty Scholarship

This review summarizes the role of environmental factors on amphibian microbiotas at the organismal, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere levels. At the organismal-level, tissue source, disease status, and experimental manipulations were the strongest predictors of variation in amphibian microbiotas. At the population-level, habitat quality, disease status, and ancestry were commonly documented as drivers of microbiota turnover. At the community-level, studies focused on how species’ niche influence microbiota structure and function. At the ecosystem-level, abiotic and biotic reservoirs were important contributors to microbiota structure. At the biosphere-level, databases, sample banks, and semi-natural experiments were commonly used to describe microbiota assembly mechanisms …

Effects Of Body Composition On Weight-Bearing Staging In Firefighters: Based On Linear, Pls Regression Model Analysis, Hongye Li

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Firefighters are often exposed to traumatic events such as high temperatures, heavy fumes, and toxic gases during rescue services. The challenges require firefighters to have a higher level of physical performance compared to a typical person. In urbanized settings, weight-bearing staging is a necessary skill for firefighters. Currently, research has found a positive correlation between firefighter body composition and occupational activity performance. This study aims to examine effects of body composition on the weight-bearing staging performance of firefighters, providing guidance for firefighters' daily training routines. Participants were 47 male firefighters in Yangjiang City, Guangdong Province (age: 25.2 ± 3.9; height: …