Life Sciences Commons^™

Functional Network Reconfiguration Supporting Memory-Guided Attention, Kylie Isenburg, Thomas M. Morin, Maya L. Rosen, David C. Somers, Chantal E. Stern

Neuroscience: Faculty Publications

Studies have identified several brain regions whose activations facilitate attentional deployment via long-term memories. We analyzed task-based functional connectivity at the network and node-specific level to characterize large-scale communication between brain regions underlying long-term memory guided attention. We predicted default mode, cognitive control, and dorsal attention subnetworks would contribute differentially to long-term memory guided attention, such that network-level connectivity would shift based on attentional demands, requiring contribution of memory-specific nodes within default mode and cognitive control subnetworks. We expected that these nodes would increase connectivity with one another and with dorsal attention subnetworks during long-term memory guided attention. Additionally, we …

Ohsv-P10 Reduces Glioma Stem Cell Enrichment After Oncolytic Hsv Therapy, Bangxing Hong, Balveen Kaur

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Longstanding evidence implicate glioma stem-like cells as the main drivers contributing toward glioblastoma (GBM) therapy resistance and tumor recurrence. Although oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) viral therapy is a promising biological therapy recently approved for melanoma (in the United States and Europe) and GBM (in Japan); however, the impact of this therapy on GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) is understudied. Here we show that post-oHSV virotherapy activated AKT signaling results in an enrichment of GSC signatures in glioma, which mimics the enrichment in GSC observed after radiation treatment. We also uncovered that a second-generation oncolytic virus armed with PTEN-L (oHSV-P10) decreases …

The Digitization Of Eatonia, Peter M. Grant

Faculty Articles & Research

The June 2023 issue of The Mayfly Newsletter features this article written by Dr. Peter Grant about the digitization of Eatonia by SWOSU University Archivist and Special Collections Librarian, Phillip Fitzsimmons, and Digitization Technician, Ben Dressler.

Why Agriculture Productivity Falls: The Political Economy Of Agrarian Transition In Developing Countries, Rashed Al Mahmud Titumir

Purdue University Press Books

Why Agriculture Productivity Falls: The Political Economy of Agrarian Transition in Developing Countries offers a new explanation for the decline in agricultural productivity in developing countries. Transcending the conventional approaches to understanding productivity using agricultural inputs and factors of production, this work brings in the role of formal and informal institutions that govern transactions, property rights, and accumulation. This more robust methodology leads to a comprehensive, well-balanced lens to perceive agrarian transition in developing countries. It argues that the existing process of accumulation has resulted in nonsustainable agriculture because of market failures—the result of asymmetries of power, diseconomies of scale, …

Association Of Gut Microbiota Composition With Alzheimer’S-Like Disease In A Rat Model, Hana Heiba

Theses and Dissertations

With many countries turning ‘grey’ and facing an issue with aging populations, the risk of developing one form of neurodegenerative disease is increasing. Dementia, being the most common syndrome resulting from neurodegeneration, severely affects memory and cognitive functions. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, with an estimated 615,000 new cases will be added to the existing 5.7 million by 2030 (Alkasir et al., 2017).

In the current study, we establish a sporadic AD-like rat model by injecting STZ intracerebrally. Stool samples were collected at two time points; after three weeks for the acute stage, and 3 months …

Speeding Snowmelt To Control Snow Mold, Justin Wyatt Clawson, Michael Pace, Eric Galloway, Matt Yost, Earl Creech

All Current Publications

The high level of snowpack in the winter of 2022–2023 created a renewed interest in speed-melting snow to prevent snow mold on winter wheat crops, golf courses, and homeowners’ lawns. Snow molds are diseases caused by fungi growing under snow cover or in cool, wet weather. Winter wheat can be infected by three types of snow molds, while turf grasses can be infected by two kinds of snow molds. Plants will have a bleached color for pink snow mold or a thin layer of white or gray mycelium leaving the plants gray or white after they dry out for gray …

Social Risks, Social Needs, And Attitudes Toward Social Health Screening 1 Year Into The Covid-19 Pandemic: Survey Of Adults In An Integrated Health Care Delivery System, Nancy P Gordon, Carmen Byker Shanks, Richard W Grant

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction Information about demographic differences in social risks, needs, and attitudes toward social health screening in non-highly vulnerable adult populations is lacking. Methods The authors analyzed data for 2869 Kaiser Permanente Northern California non-Medicaid-covered members aged 35 to 85 who responded to a 2021 English-only mailed/online survey. The survey covered 7 social risk and 11 social needs domains and attitudes toward social health screening. The authors used data weighted to the Kaiser Permanente Northern California membership to estimate prevalence of risks, needs, and screening receptivity in the overall population, by race/ethnicity (White, Black, Latinx, Asian American/Pacific Islander) and age (35-65 …

Contribution Of The Oral And Gastrointestinal Microbiomes To Bloodstream Infections In Leukemia Patients, Stephanie Mcmahon, Pranoti Sahasrabhojane, Jiwoong Kim, Samantha Franklin, Chia-Chi Chang, Andrew E Hillhouse, Jessica Galloway-Peña

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) pose a significant mortality risk for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. It has been previously reported that intestinal domination (>30% relative abundance [RA] attributed to a single taxon) with the infecting taxa often precedes BSI in stem cell transplant patients. Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, we analyzed oral and stool samples from 63 AML patients with BSIs to determine the correlation between the infectious agent and microbiome composition. Whole-genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibilities were performed on all BSI isolates. Species-level detection of the infectious agent and presence of antibiotic resistance determinants in the stool (

Cutting Edge: Il-21 And Tissue-Specific Signals Instruct Tbet+Cd11c+ B Cell Development Following Viral Infection, Wenzhi Song, Gina M Sanchez, Daniel P Mayer, Holly N Blackburn, Irene Chernova, Jason S Weinstein

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Tbet+CD11c+ B cells, also known as age-associated B cells (ABCs), are pivotal contributors to humoral immunity following infection and in autoimmunity, yet their in vivo generation is incompletely understood. We used a mouse model of systemic acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection to examine the developmental requirements of ABCs that emerged in the spleen and liver. IL-21 signaling through STAT3 was indispensable for ABC development. In contrast, IFN-γ signaling through STAT1 was required for B cell activation and proliferation. Mice that underwent splenectomy or were deficient in lymphotoxin α generated hepatic ABCs despite the lack of secondary lymphoid organ contributions, suggesting …

Extracellular Rna Sensing Mediates Inflammation And Organ Injury In A Murine Model Of Polytrauma, Andrew O Suen, Fengqian Chen, Sheng Wang, Ziyi Li, Jing Zhu, Olivia Conn, Ping Cui, Laurence Wechsler, Alan Cross, Gary Fiskum, Rosemary Kozar, Peter Hu, Catriona Miller, Lin Zou, Brittney Williams, Wei Chao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Severe traumatic injury leads to marked systemic inflammation and multiorgan injury. Endogenous drivers such as extracellular nucleic acid may play a role in mediating innate immune response and the downstream pathogenesis. Here, we explored the role of plasma extracellular RNA (exRNA) and its sensing mechanism in inflammation and organ injury in a murine model of polytrauma. We found that severe polytrauma—bone fracture, muscle crush injury, and bowel ischemia—induced a marked increase in plasma exRNA, systemic inflammation, and multiorgan injury in mice. Plasma RNA profiling with RNA sequencing in mice and humans revealed a dominant presence of miRNAs and marked differential …

The Insulin Receptor Regulates The Persistence Of Mechanical Nociceptive Sensitization In Flies And Mice, Yan Wang, Roger Lopez-Bellido, Xiaojiao Huo, Annemieke Kavelaars, Michael J Galko

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Early phase diabetes is often accompanied by pain sensitization. In Drosophila, the insulin receptor (InR) regulates the persistence of injury-induced thermal nociceptive sensitization. Whether Drosophila InR also regulates the persistence of mechanical nociceptive sensitization remains unclear. Mice with a sensory neuron deletion of the insulin receptor (Insr) show normal nociceptive baselines; however, it is uncertain whether deletion of Insr in nociceptive sensory neurons leads to persistent nociceptive hypersensitivity. In this study, we used fly and mouse nociceptive sensitization models to address these questions. In flies, InR mutants and larvae with sensory neuron-specific expression of RNAi transgenes targeting InR exhibited persistent …

Early Mortality In Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Kmt2a Rearrangement Is Associated With High Risk Of Bleeding And Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, Daniel Nguyen, Hagop M Kantarjian, Nicholas J Short, Wei Qiao, Jing Ning, Naval G Daver, Elias J Jabbour, Tapan M Kadia, Gautam Borthakur, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Marina Y Konopleva, Michael Andreeff, Farhad Ravandi-Kashani, Koji Sasaki, Ghayas C Issa

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with rearrangement of lysine methyltransferase 2a gene (KMT2Ar) is characterized by chemotherapy resistance and high rates of relapse. However, additional causes of treatment failure or early mortality have not been well-defined in this entity.

Methods: In a retrospective analysis, causes and rates of early mortality following induction treatment were compared between a cohort of adults with KMT2Ar AML (N = 172) and an age-matched cohort of patients with normal karyotype AML (N = 522).

Results: The 60-day mortality in patients with KMT2Ar AML was 15% compared with 7% with normal karyotype (p = .04). We …

Association Between Bariatric Surgery And Outcomes In Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Fadi G Haddad, Hagop M Kantarjian, Aram Bidikian, Elias J Jabbour, Nicholas J Short, Lianchun Xiao, Courtney D Dinardo, Tapan M Kadia, Kayleigh R Marx, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Farhad Ravandi, Koji Sasaki, Ghayas C Issa

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Bariatric surgery is the most effective weight loss intervention. However, it can also decrease the bioavailability of oral medications. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, the mainstay treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), are the most successful example of an oral targeted therapy. The impact of bariatric surgery on CML outcomes is unknown.

Methods: In a retrospective analysis, we screened 652 patients with CML and identified 22 with prior bariatric surgery, and compared their outcomes to a matched cohort of 44 patients with no prior bariatric surgery.

Results: The rate of early molecular response (3-month BCR::ABL1 < 10% International Scale) was lower in the bariatric surgery group compared with the control group (68% vs. 91%; p = .05), with longer median times to achieve complete cytogenetic (6 vs. 3 months; p = .001) or major molecular responses (12 vs. 6 months; p = .001). Bariatric surgery was associated with inferior event-free survival (5-year, 60% vs. 77%; p = .004) and failure-free survival (5-year, 32% vs. 63%; p < .0001). In a multivariate analysis, bariatric surgery was the only independent predictor for the risk of treatment failure (hazard ratio, 9.40; 95% CI, 2.71-32.55; p = .0004) or event-free survival (hazard ratio, 4.24; 95% CI, 1.67-12.23; p = .008).

Conclusions: Bariatric surgery is associated with …

Hematopoietic Progenitor Kinase 1 Inhibits The Development And Progression Of Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Hua Wang, Rohan Moniruzzaman, Lei Li, Baoan Ji, Yi Liu, Reza Abbasgholizadeh, Guangchao Liu, Ruiqi Wang, Hongli Tang, Ryan Sun, Xiaoping Su, Tse-Hua Tan, Anirban Maitra, Huamin Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Ras plays an essential role in the development of acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, mutant Kras is an inefficient driver for PDAC development. The mechanisms of the switching from low Ras activity to high Ras activity that are required for development and progression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs) are unclear. In this study, we found that hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1) was upregulated during pancreatic injury and ADM. HPK1 interacted with the SH3 domain and phosphorylated Ras GTPase-activating protein (RasGAP) and upregulated RasGAP activity. Using transgenic mouse models of HPK1 or M46, a kinase-dead mutant of …

A Comparison Of Two Approaches To Dynamic Prediction: Joint Modeling And Landmark Modeling, Wenhao Li, Liang Li, Brad C Astor

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Joint modeling and landmark modeling are two mainstream approaches to dynamic prediction in longitudinal studies, that is, the prediction of a clinical event using longitudinally measured predictor variables available up to the time of prediction. It is an important research question to the methodological research field and also to practical users to understand which approach can produce more accurate prediction. There were few previous studies on this topic, and the majority of results seemed to favor joint modeling. However, these studies were conducted in scenarios where the data were simulated from the joint models, partly due to the widely recognized …

Strict Conservation Yet Non-Essential Nature Of Plasmid Gene Bba40 In The Lyme Disease Spirochete Borrelia Burgdorferi, Irene N Kasumba, Kit Tilly, Tao Lin, Steven J Norris, Patricia A Rosa

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The highly segmented genome of Borrelia burgdorferi, the tick-borne bacterium that causes Lyme disease, is composed of a linear chromosome and more than 20 co-existing endogenous plasmids. Many plasmid-borne genes are unique to B. burgdorferi and some have been shown to provide essential functions at discrete points of the infectious cycle between a tick vector and rodent host. In this study, we investigated the role of

Investigation Into Differences In Palatability Among Festulolium Varieties As Haylage, E. Touno, S. Kushibiki, H. Shingu, A. Oshibe

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In Japan, paddy fields that are no longer used for cultivation of rice are being converted to cultivation of forage crops. Therefore, grass with greater wet resistance and higher quality is required. Festulolium is an interspecific hybrid between the Lolium and Festuca species and combines the characteristics of high-quality ryegrass and resistance to hostile environments from fescues (Thomas & Humphreys, 1991). Among festulolium varieties, there is wide variation in environmental resistance and feeding value. One festulolium variety, Paulita, shows superior wet resistance to Evergreen and the total digestible nutrients of Evergreen was similar to that of cocksfoot (cv. Kitamidori) (Touno …

The Feeding Value Of Silage Made From Peas Grown Alone Or In Mixture With Cereals, A. Kirilov

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The interest in pea as a forage crop rich in protein does not decrease. In areas frequent summer drought pea (Pisum sativum) as a whole plant for forage gives assured yield and may be used for zero grazing, hay or silage. The winter varieties use winter-spring soil moisture better and give higher yield than the spring varieties, but they lodge, so it is necessary to sow them with supporting cereal crops to increase lodging resistance. The objective of the study was to compare the intake, digestibility, energy value and quality index of two wilted silage made from winter …

Annual Legumes As An Alternative For Animal Feeding In Cuba, María Felicia Díaz, C. Padilla, E. Lon Wo, M. Castro, R. S. Herrera, R. O. Martínez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Studies conducted in Cuba have demonstrated the importance of the agronomic and nutritional performance of the species Vigna unguiculata (cowpea), Canavalia ensiformis (jackbean), Stizolobium niveum (mucuna), Lablab purpureus (dolicho) and Glycine max (soybean) as feed sources for non-ruminant species. Under Cuban tropical conditions, and with minimum agricultural inputs, jackbean, dolicho and mucuna have attained forage yields between 4 and 6 t dry matter (DM)/ha and grain yields between 2.57 and 3.41 t/ha and cowpea and soybean have given yields of between 1 and 2 t/ha (Díaz 2000). This study was carried out to determine the chemical composition of grains and …

Relative Yields And Nutritive Value Of Whole Crop Rice Harvested On Four Successive Dates For Forage In Korea, Jong-Geun Kim, Y. C. Lim, E. S. Chung, S. H. Yoon, S. Seo, M. J. Kim

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

About four million tons of forages are fed to ruminants in Korea, but half of them rely on rice straw as roughage and 0.6 million tons of forage was imported. The lack of forage results in increased imports of concentrate feeds and increased production cost. Now, Korea has about 1.1 million ha of rice fields, but as a consequence of world trade negotiation, Korea will open the rice market from next year. It is expected that due to aging farmers and lower rice price, about 0.2 million ha of paddy field will not be cultivated for grain rice. Therefore, we …

Nutritional Evaluation Of Banana Peelings From The Various Banana Varieties In Different Regions Of Uganda, J. Nambi-Kasozi, Elly N. Sabiiti, F. B. Bareeba, E. Sporndly

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In Uganda, peri-urban agriculture is very important in sustaining livelihoods of the increasing population in urban and peri-urban (U & PU) areas. However, this form of agriculture has a number of problems, feed shortage being the most important. The agricultural produce brought in from the rural areas is marketed in raw form hence increasing the crop wastes in the market areas. The crop wastes, if properly sorted, can serve as alternative feeds for the animals kept in the U & PU areas. Banana (Musa spp) peelings (BP) constitute the largest proportion of all the crop wastes in most …

Effect Of Intensity Of Grassland Management On Chemical Composition And Content Of Structural Saccharides In Forage, Jan Pozdíšek, P. Mičová, M. Svozilová, A. Kohoutek

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Forage quality has a crucial effect on animal performance and on grassland management. This paper contributed information on the effects of different methods of grassland utilisation in the Czech Republic.

Changes In Grass Quality Of Coastal Meadows In Estonia, Tiina Köster, Karin Kauer, R. Viiralt, A. Selge

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In Estonia the reason for reduction in coastal meadows and expansion of the stands of the common reed (Phragmites australis) is the discontinuation of traditional use of grasslands which were previously grazed and cut. Phragmites australis usually produces dense and monospecific stands at the waterline, where species richness is low. It can survive in ungrazed shore meadows, but it suffers from grazing (Tyler, 1969). The investigated Phragmitetum australis association had been influenced by grazing activities, but it remained rather sparse and due to that had relatively low productivity, reaching 3.11 t DM/ha. Traditionally coastal meadows have been used …

Accumulation Of Zearalenone In Herbage Of Winter Pasture Situated In West Poland, P. Goliński, M. Kostecki, Barbara Golińska, B. T. Golińska, P. K. Goliński

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The importance of winter pastures in beef production in Europe has been growing steadily. In Poland, especially in its western part, there are already farms which utilise pasture swards during late autumn and winter. The major problem, however, is the quality of forage ingested by animals as it tends to deteriorate with the passage of the vegetation season with danger of accumulation of various mycotoxins (Laser et al., 2003) of which the most important is zearalenone (ZEA).

Diversity And Variation In Nutritive Value Of Plants Growing On 2 Saline Sites In Southwestern Australia, Hayley C. Norman, R. A. Dynes, D. G. Masters

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In south-western Australia 10% or 1.8 million ha of the farmed area is affected by dryland salinity and a further 6 million ha are at risk of salinity (NLWRA, 2001). Animal production from saltbush (Atriplex spp.)-based pasture systems represents the most likely large-scale opportunity for productive use of saline land in the short to medium term. Feeding saltbush-based pastures as a maintenance feed during the prolonged autumn feed gap typical in Mediterranean-type climates maximises their economic value. The aim of this study was to explore the diversity and nutritive value of plants that typically persist in saltbush-based saltland pastures.

Nutritional Characteristics Of Four Species Of Native Pastures From The Highlands Of Central Mexico, O. A. Castelán, A. A. Rayas, A. Espinoza, J. Estrada, C. Arriaga, F. Mould

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Research in Mexico has been devoted to nutritional characterisation of improved pastures, but native species of grasses have not been studied. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the nutritional value of four species of native pastures and composite samples of them.

Seasonal Variation Of Forage Productivity And Quality Of Communally Managed Grassland In The N’Komati River Basin, D. W. Nguluve, C. Menezes, A. Buluveze, A. P. Laita

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Livestock production is increasing in Mozambique. This trend, however, is facing such challenges as land tenure, erratic and not well-distributed rainfall (resulting in floods or droughts), overgrazing, wildfires, and the unsustainable resource management practices of communities. The study objectives were to evaluate forage species occurrence and seasonal variation and to estimate grassland productivity, nutritive value and savanna carrying capacity.

Forage Composition And Quality Of Tankbed Grassland Ecosystems In Sri Lanka; A Preliminary Study Of “Tabbowa” Tank, G. G. C. Premalal, Sujatha Premaratne

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Although, Sri Lanka does not have large natural lakes, the early settlers devoted their energy to build water bodies (tanks or reservoirs) in association with forest catchments to provide water for irrigation. The tank bed is a grassland area of the tank, which lies between the catchment forest and the present water level. In general, the tankbed has three major zones - lower, middle and upper - and in some seasons the middle and upper parts may be underwater. This tankbed area is dominated by grassland vegetation and is a valuable feeding ground for free-grazing livestock. The main objective of …

Variations In Nutritive Values Of Two Different Desert Forage Plants Growing In The United Arab Emirate Environment, T. Ksiksi, A. Bamakhrama, M. Satri

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Forage plants in desert environments have to withstand both shortages in resources and over grazing during most years. This variation in resource availability is associated with variation in the nutritive values of the plant species. Moreover, these differences are not only seasonal but also vary between plant parts. Variations in nutritive values in key species, therefore, need to be better understood in order to sustainably feed livestock (Abdurazak et al., 2000), because effective management requires adequate knowledge of the interaction between the animal, the pasture and the environment (Kassilly, 2002). Forage toxicity could, however, cause irreparable damage to production. …

Factors Affecting Forage Quality Of Native Species In Iranian Rangelands, Hossein Arzani, J. Torkan, H. Kaboli, M. Zohdi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Animal performance is closely correlated with the nutrient value of the forage available and this is affected by different factors (Arzani et al., 2001). Crude protein content (CP), digestible dry matter (DDM) and metabolisable energy (ME) were considered particularly appropriate for evaluation of range forage quality. This paper reports on factors affecting the forage quality of range species grown in Iran.