Life Sciences Commons^™

Research And Application Progress Of Cold-Chain Logistics Packaging Technology Of Fresh Agricultural Products, Xiang Mingyue

Food and Machinery

Cold chain logistics packaging technology is crucial for the operation of perishable food chains （such as meat, fish, dairy products, fruit and vegetable products） and certain products in the pharmaceutical industry （such as vaccines, biopharmaceuticals, and blood products）. In the future, the cold chain logistics packaging of fresh agricultural products will tend towards high-performance, environmentally friendly, and digital development. The article reviews the packaging technologies used in the cold chain logistics of fresh agricultural products in recent years. Analyzes the characteristics, use value, application scope, technical advantages and disadvantages of different packaging materials, and analyzes the potential cold chain logistics …

The Effect Of Grape Seed Extract Nanoparticles/Pullulan Coatings On The Quality Of Salmon Fillets, Guo Yajuan, Fan Jungang, Li Jianzhen

Food and Machinery

Objective： This study aimed to improve the preservation properties of pullulan （PUL） coating and prepare preservation materials with sustained-release properties. Methods： GSE nanoparticles were prepared by grape seed extract （GSE）, chitosan and γ-polyglutamic acid. GSE nanoparticles of different quality were added to the PUL coating solution to prepare GSE nanoparticles/PUL coatings. The preservation properties of GSE nanoparticles/PUL coatings on salmon fillets were evaluated. Results： Compared with untreated fish fillets, the total number of bacteria in fish meat was reduced, and lipid oxidation and protein decomposition were delayed by 1.08% GSE nanoparticles/PUL coating. In addition, after fish fillets were treated …

Apple Surface Defect Detection Based On Improved Cnn And Data Augmentation, Pi Wei, Qu Xilong, Wang Shaocheng, Li Qingchun

Food and Machinery

Objective: Improve the detection accuracy and efficiency of apple surface defects. Methods: An detection method for apple surface defects was established based on an improved convolutional neural network (CNN) and data augmentation method. Firstly, the classical CNN was improved to detect apple surface defects. Then, using the conditional generation adversarial network, the image data of surface defect free and defective apples was augmented with synthetic apple images to improve the detection performance of the improved CNN for apple surface defects. Finally, by pruning the CNN model, the detection accuracy, detection speed and energy saving limits of apple surface defects were …

Research On Moulded Peanut Recognition Technology Based On Deep Learning, Wang Weina, Xu Shiwei, Deng Qinbo, Li Bo

Food and Machinery

Objective: To identify mouldy peanuts in a fast and non-destructive way and improve the identification efficiency. Methods: Collected hyperspectral peanut data using a spectrometer, identify moldy peanuts using deep learning technology, and established a Hypernet PRMF model, which was compared with Deeplab v3+, Segnet, Unet, and Hypernet as control models. Integrated the proposed peanut recognition index into hyperspectral images as data feature pre extraction. Simultaneously integrating the constructed multi feature fusion blocks into the control model to improve the recognition efficiency of moldy peanuts. Results: The average pixel accuracy of all models exceeded 87%. the Hypernet-PRMF model had the highest …

Effects Of Plant Extract And Betel Nut On Acute Inflammation In Rats, Song Xiaohui, Zhu Junding, Li Zhi, Ma Chaoyang, Wang Hongxin

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to reduce inflammation effect caused by long-term and large amount of betel nut chewing. Methods: Natural plant extracts with anti-inflammatory effects were added to betel nut in order to reduce the inflammatory damage. Glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch, radix platycodi and loquat leaf were used to treat rats with areca nut for 28 days. Body weight, organ coefficient, swelling rate of plantar in 6 hours, levels of inflammatory factors, and mediators were compared. Results: The addition of high-dose natural plant extract significantly reduced the production of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) …

Experimental Study On The Assisted Hypolipidemic Function Of The Mixture Between Hemp Seed Oil And Algae Oil In The Human Body, Chen Zehua, Li Hongying, Zhou Yong, Li Wenzhi

Food and Machinery

Objective： To study the effect of hemp seed and algal oil mixture in lowering blood lipids, and provide the theoretical basis for the utilization of hemp seed and algal oil mixture in food. Methods: 113 hyperlipidemia adult volunteers were selected and randomly divided into two groups, namely the experiment group and the control group. The subjects in the experiment group were given gelatinized confections for 90 days, while subjects in the control group were given a placebo. The levels of Serum total cholesterol(TC), Triglyceride(TG), High-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and physiological and biochemical parameters were measured before and after trial. …

Effects Of Different Processes On Active Components And Antioxidant Activities Of Akebia Trifoliate Seed Oil, Gao Xiaolong, Xu Wei, Li Ying, Zhou Min

Food and Machinery

Objective: To compare the effects of different oil preparation processes on the active ingredients and oxidation activity of Akebia trifoliate seed oil. Methods: Akebia trifoliata seed oil was prepared from Akebia trifoliata seed by four oil extraction processes: cold pressing, hot pressing, supercritical CO₂ extraction and extraction. The fatty acid composition, active ingredients （carotenoids, tocopherols, polyphenols, flavonoids） and DPPH free radical scavenging capacity of Akebia trifoliata seed oil were analyzed. Results: The fatty acid composition of Akebia trifoliata seed oil prepared by the four processes was similar. The content of palmitic acid was 20.62%～21.42%, the content of stearic acid …

Protective Effect Of Eurotium Cristatum Fermentation Broth Mixed With Tea Polyphenols On Immunosuppressive Mice, Peng Ying

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Eurotium Cristatum fermentation broth mixed with tea polyphenols on the immune indexes of cyclophosphamide immunosuppressive mice. Methods: Immunosuppressive model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide with 80 mg/kg for 3 days. High, middle and low dose E. Cristatum fermentation broth mixed with tea polyphenols was administrated to immunosuppressive mice intragastrically for 15 days. The blood index, spleen index, macrophage phagocytic index, half hemolysis value, delayed-type hypersensitivity, the content of IL-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured. Results: E. Cristatum fermentation broth mixed with tea polyphenols significantly …

Decolorization And Filter Aid Effect Of Silicon-Magnesium Mixed Decolorizer In Anchovy Oil, Li Wen, Yu Jun, Xie Chenwei, Tao Ningping

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to improve the separation efficiency of decolorizing agent and fish oil, and ensure high decolorization rate at the same time. Methods: The optimum absorption wavelength of fish oil was measured by spectrophotometer. Magnesium silicate was mixed with activated clay into compound decolorizers, and was used to evaluate the decolorization rate and filtration speed. The decolorization parameters of anchovy oil were optimized by single factor experiment and response surface experiment. The oil absorption rate and fish oil recovery rate of decolorizing agent were calculated. The decolorization and filter aid effect of decolorizing agent were verified through the …

Screening Of Autochthonouslactic Acid Bacteria And Optimization Of Fermentation Process In Low-Salt Zhayu Of Red Rice, Xu Dongmei, Liu Yongle, Li Xianghong, Wang Faxiang, Huang Yiqun, Ma Xiayin

Food and Machinery

Objective: To solve the problems of an uncertain fermentation process, a long fermentation period, and the unstable quality of traditional naturally fermented preserved fish. Methods: The lactic acid bacteria were isolated from low-salt preserved red fish, and the inhibition ability, salt tolerance, and acid production ability of the strains were investigated. The lactic acid bacteria suitable for fermentation were screened out, and the fermentation of preserved red fish was intensified by inoculation. The amount of red rice flour added, the amount of salt added during curing, and the fermentation temperature were optimized in the fermentation process. Results: There were 22 …

Study On Flash Extraction Technology And Antioxidant Activity Of Polysaccharides From Fresh Lentinus Edodes Stalk, Shi Guoqing, Yang Linxiao, Li Meijuan, Kong Na, Jia Huanhuan, Shi Li

Food and Machinery

Objective: Develop the industrial production of Lentinus edodes stalk polysaccharides. Methods: Using the yield of polysaccharides as an indicator, uniform design experiments were used to optimize the extraction process parameters. Four methods were used to determine the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides and compared with the traditional hot water extraction method. Results: The optimal process conditions for the flash-assisted extraction of Lentinus edodes stalk polysaccharides were as follows: flash extraction time 120 s, ratio of liquid to material 40∶1 （mL/g）, hot water extraction time 105min, temperature 50 ℃, extraction twice. Under these conditions, the yield of polysaccharides was （5.03±0.22）%, which was …

Advances In The Preparation, Structural Characterization And Biological Activity Of Glycosylated Peptides, Wu Ying, Qu Tingmin, Wen Shiyu, Wu Hao, Cheng Yunhui, Wen Li

Food and Machinery

The structure and function of peptides are affected by the changes of environmental factors, including temperature, pH value and ionic strength. Sugar groups can form covalent bonds with amino acid side chain groups of peptides to undergo structural modification, and then the glycosylation modification can effectively improve the stability and biological activity of peptide molecules. In this review, the preparation methods and structural characterization strategies of glycosylated peptides were summarized, and the recent research progress on their physiological activities were highlighted. The challenges and future research directions of glycosylated peptides were also discussed.

Research Progress Of Peanut Allergenicity Assessment Methods And The Effect Of Food Processing On Its Allergenicity, Chen Kuan, Wang Tao, Li Qian, Jiang Songsong

Food and Machinery

Peanut is one of the "Big Eight" allergen foods. It has been noticed by public due to its serious clinical symptoms and high incidence rate. This review introduced structures and immune characteristics of peanut allergens (Ara h 1-18). The assessment methods (both in vitro and in vivo) was also introduced. Finally, the research progress of different food processing on the allergenicity of peanut were summarized. The future research direction of food processing on reducing the allergenicity of peanut were prospected.

Advances In The Detection Of Water Content Of Plant-Based Food Materials, Wang Lejun, Xing Youcheng, Niu Yanli, Chen Kai, Jiang Fatang

Food and Machinery

This reviewed summarized the research status of water content detection methods of plant-based food materials, analyzed the water content detection devices, advantages, disadvantages and applications, and discussed the application of water content detection in different types of plant-based food materials. The advantages of hot air drying, microwave method, Karl Fischer method, absolute dry nitrogen purge method, spectral technology and imaging technology were highlighted, and the future development direction of water content detection of plant-based food materials was prospected.

Application Progress Of Liquid Fermentation Products Of Edible And Medicinal Fungi In Food Industry, Yan Mengqiu, Liu Yanfang, Tang Chuanhong, Feng Jie, Zhang Jingsong

Food and Machinery

Edible and medicinal fungi are rich in various nutrients and active ingredients, and functional raw materials with stable quality and controllable yield can be obtained by liquid fermentation technology. This paper summarizes the application status of liquid fermentation technology of edible and medicinal fungi and the related regulations of liquid fermentation products of edible and medicinal fungi in food industry. With the improvement of regulations and popularization of liquid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungi in food industry, it is expected to have a bright future for related products development.

Application Of Acanthopanax Senticosus In Functional Food In China, Yu Chunmiao, Liao Xian, Yu Miaomiao, Guo Lidong, Yu Donghua

Food and Machinery

This review mainly expounds the basis and application status of Acanthopanax senticosus in Chinese health food, summarizes the research progress related to its health function, and looks forward to its future development direction.

Domoic Acid In Canadian Pacific Waters, From 2016 To 2021, And Relationships With Physical And Chemical Conditions, R. Ian Perry, Nina Nemcek, Melissa Hennekes, Akash Sastri, Andrew R.S. Ross, Hayleigh Shannon, Ryan B. Shartau

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Domoic acid, a phycotoxin produced by species of the marine diatom Pseudo-nitzschia, can cause deleterious impacts to marine food webs and human health. Domoic acid and Pseudo-nitzschia spp. were surveyed from 2016 to 2021 in the Pacific waters of Canada to assess their occurrences, concentrations, and relationships with physical and chemical conditions. Domoic acid was common, occurring in measurable concentrations in 73% of the 454 samples. It occurred in all regions (west coast of Vancouver Island, Salish Sea, Queen Charlotte Sound /Hecate Strait, deep oceanic NE Pacific), in all years and all seasons. Median concentrations were highest along the west …

Oregon State Rank Assessment For American Three-Toed Woodpecker (Picoides Dorsalis), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for American three-toed woodpecker (Picoides dorsalis) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

Nutritional Challenges Of Substituting Farmed Animals For Wild Fish In Human Diets, Sebastian A. Heilpern, Rafael M. Almeida, Kathryn J. Fiorella, Alexander S. Flecker, Demetra Williams, Peter B. Mcintyre

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Wild fisheries provide billions of people with a key source of multiple essential nutrients. As fisheries plateau or decline, nourishing more people will partially rely on shifting consumption to farmed animals. The environmental implications of transitions among animal-sourced foods have been scrutinized, but their nutritional substitutability remains unclear. We compared concentrations of six essential dietary nutrients across >5000 species of wild fishes, aquaculture, poultry and livestock species, representing >65% of animals consumed globally. Wild fishes are both more nutrient-dense and variable than farmed animals; achieving recommended intake of all nutrients with farmed species could require consuming almost four times more …

Effects Of Hydroxyl Safflower Yellow A On Lipopolysaccharide Induced Depression Model Rats, Yiming Gaghafu, Mian Qiang-Hui, Han Nan-Yin, Abudureyimu Yusufu

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the antidepressant effect of hydroxyl safflower yellow A on rats induced by lipopolysaccharide. Methods: The depression model of rats was established by intraperitoneal injection of LPS. The normal control group, the model group, the positive control group and the hydroxyl safflower yellow A groups with different doses were set up, and the depression like behavior of rats was evaluated. The contents of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and BDNF, 5-HT in serum of rats were determined, and the histopathological changes of hippocampus were observed. The protein expression of TLR/NLR signaling pathway was detected. Results: …

Rapid Identification Of Adulterated Camellia Seed Oil By E-Nose Combined With Chemometrics, Guan-Zhao Yi-Zhu, Fang Fang, Wang Yao-Yao, Tian Zi-Jing, Yang Jian-An, Wang Jian-Hui

Food and Machinery

Objective： To establish a rapid qualitative and quantitative method for the adulteration of Camellia seed oil. Methods： The electronic nose technology combined with chemometrics was used to screen the difference variables based on one-way ANOVA. The qualitative model for identification of adulteration types of camellia seed oil was established through principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA). A quantitative model for identifying the types and degrees of camellia seed oil adulteration was established using orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS). Results： The R² of the model was over 0.98, the RMSEE was lower than 0.005, and the RMSECV was …

Effects Of Ethanol And Methyl Jasmonate Fumigation On The Quality Of Bamboo Shoots During Storage, Xu Jing-Yang, Ji Ning, Wang Rui, Zhang Ni, Liu Ren-Chan, Wang Si-Yuan, Deng Yun-Bing

Food and Machinery

Objective： This study aimed to provide a basis for the post-harvest storage and preservation of fresh shoots from bamboo (Chimonobambusa quadrangularis). Methods: Fresh bamboo shoots were fumigated with 500 μL/L anhydrous ethanol and 0.1 mmol/L MeJA, and distilled water was used as blank control (CK) to determine the storage period, i. e. temperature (1.0±0.3) ℃ and relative humidity (90±5)%. The respiratory intensity, hardness, browning index, soluble protein, and activity of PAL, POD, PPO and APX were detected. The quality differences of fresh bamboo shoots during storage were analyzed using principal component analysis. Results: Combined fumigation treatment can reduce …

Optimization Of Ginseng Ratio And Semen Ziziphi Spinosae Antioxidant Activity Based On The Combination Of Entropy-Weight Method And Grey-Correlation Degree Method, Xiao Feng-Qin, Wang Xin, Liu Hui, Dong Hong-Ying, Zhou Wen-Wen, Xue Zhi-Jia, Li Guang-Zhe, Yan Ming-Ming

Food and Machinery

Objective： This study aimed to develop relevant health products with ginseng and semen ziziphi spinosae as raw materials. Methods: HPLC and UV spectrophotometer were used to study the chemical components of different compatibility ratios of ginseng and semen ziziphi spinosae. The antioxidant activity in vitro of ginseng and semen ziziphi spinosae with different compatibility ratios was analyzed by DPPH free radical, ABTS⁺free radical, hydroxyl free radical and superoxide anion free radical scavenging rate. Moreover, the grey relational degree method was used, and entropy weight method was used as the discrimination coefficient for statistical analysis, combined with the characteristics …

Effects Of Wet Processing On Coffee Quality, Li Xue-Rui, Liu Xiu-Wei, Li Hong, Yan Jing, Tian Hao

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to optimize the wet processing of coffee. Methods: The effects of pectinase concentration, temperature and drying method on the contents of flavor precursors and flavor substances in coffee beans were investigated. The quality ranking was obtained by grey correlation analysis and the volatile substances were analyzed. Results: There were significant differences in the contents of protein, crude fat, caffeic acid, caffeine, chlorogenic acid and volatile compounds among different pectinase concentration, temperature, sun drying and heat pump drying. Grey correlation analysis showed that the quality ranking of coffee in the 2% pectinase + 27 ℃+ sun-drying treatment …

Why Humans Kill Animals And Why We Cannot Avoid It, Benjamin L. Allen, Christopher Bobier, Stuart J. Dawson, Peter J S Fleming, Jordan Hampton, David Jachowski, Graham I H Kerley, John D. Linnell, Kelly Marnewick, Liaan Minnie, Mike Muthersbaugh, M Justin O'Riain, Dan Parker, Gilbert Proulx, Michael J. Somers, Keifer Titus

Animal production and livestock research articles

Killing animals has been a ubiquitous human behaviour throughout history, yet it is becoming increasingly controversial and criticised in some parts of contemporary human society. Here we review 10 primary reasons why humans kill animals, discuss the necessity (or not) of these forms of killing, and describe the global ecological context for human killing of animals. Humans historically and currently kill animals either directly or indirectly for the following reasons: (1) wild harvest or food acquisition, (2) human health and safety, (3) agriculture and aquaculture, (4) urbanisation and industrialisation, (5) invasive, overabundant or nuisance wildlife control, (6) threatened species conservation …

Co-Infection And Co-Localization Of Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus And Epstein-Barr Virus In Hiv-Associated Kaposi Sarcoma: A Case Report, Peter Julius, Guobin Guobin, Stepfanie Siyumbwa, Jane Musumali, For Yue Tso, Owen Ngalamika, Trevor Kaile, Fred Maate, Phyllis Moonga, John T. West, Peter Angeletti, Charles Wood

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Kaposi sarcoma (KS), a multifocal vascular neoplasm frequently observed in HIVpositive individuals, primarily affects the skin, mucous membranes, visceral organs, and lymph nodes. KS is associated primarily with Kaposi sarcomaassociated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection. In this case report, we present a rare occurrence of co-infection and co-localization of KSHV and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in KS arising from the conjunctiva, which, to our knowledge, has not been reported previously. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and EBV-encoded RNA in situ hybridization (EBER-ISH) were utilized to demonstrate the presence of KSHV and EBV infection in the ocular KS lesion. Nearly all KSHV-positive …

Statistical Modeling Of Extracellular Vesicle Cargo To Predict Clinical Trial Outcomes For Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, Joshua M Hare, Dejian Lai, Timothy C Slesnick, William T Mahle, Michael E Davis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cardiac-derived c-kit+ progenitor cells (CPCs) are under investigation in the CHILD phase I clinical trial (NCT03406884) for the treatment of hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). The therapeutic efficacy of CPCs can be attributed to the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs). to understand sources of cell therapy variability we took a machine learning approach: combining bulk CPC-derived EV (CPC-EV) RNA sequencing and cardiac-relevant

Evaluating The Impact Of An Mhealth Platform For Managing Acute Postoperative Dental Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial, Kristen Simmons, Nicholas Skourtes, Urvi Mehta, Sayali Tungare, David Holmes, Joel White, Muhammad Walji, Elsbeth Kalenderian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Postoperative dental pain is pervasive and can affect a patient's quality of life. Adopting a patient-centric approach to pain management involves having contemporaneous information about the patient's experience of pain and using it to personalize care.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we evaluated the use of a mobile health (mHealth) platform to collect pain-related patient-reported outcomes over 7 days after the patients underwent pain-inducing dental procedures; we then relayed the information to the dentist and determined its impact on the patient's pain experience.

METHODS: The study used a cluster-randomized experimental study design with an intervention arm where patients were prompted …

Rutin Detection By Electrochemical Sensor Based On Fe3O4@Tio2@Au, Zhou Hong-Yan, Song Yun

Food and Machinery

Objective: A novel electrochemical sensor with high sensitivity was developed for the quantitative analysis of rutin in tartary buckwheat. Methods: A layer of titanium dioxide was loaded on the surface of ferric oxide nano materials (Fe₃O₄) to prepare core-shell Fe₃O₄@titanium dioxide (Fe₃O₄@TiO₂) nano composites, and nano gold (Au) was loaded on its surface for preparing a new type of Fe₃O₄@TiO₂@Au nanocomposites. Then an electrochemical sensor was constructed for quantitative analysis of rutin. The optimal working conditions of the sensor were …

Purification Of Polyphenols From Wormwood By Macroporous Resin And Inhibitory Activity Of Its Against Α-Glucosidase, Wu Ping-Xiang, Wei Ming, Ding Kai-Li, Nie Feng

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to purify crude polyphenols from wormwood and to study inhibitory activity of its against α-glucosidase. Methods: The adsorption-desorption properties of wormwood polyphenols by seven kinds of macroporous resins were studied. The suitable resin for separating and purifying Wormwood polyphenols was obtained and the purification parameters were optimized. Using different concentration ethanol solution for dynamic elution, the inhibitory activity of different elution fractions on α-glucosidase was investigated. Results: The results indicated that D101 resin was a suitable material for purifying wormwood polyphenols and the macroporous resin reached equilibrium within 120 min. The optimal conditions for …