Life Sciences Commons^™

Identifying The Constituents Of Pyrolysis Oil Using Supercritical Fluid Chromatography- Fraction Collection (Sfc-Fc) And Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry/Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectroscopy (Gc-Ms/Vuv), Sadid Morshed

2025 Fall Honors Capstones Projects - Archive

Plastic waste continues to accumulate as production increases and disposal methods remain insufficient. Even with recycling programs in place, much of the discarded plastic still ends up in landfills or waterways, eventually breaking down into harmful microplastics. One promising solution is the conversion of plastic waste into pyrolysis oil, which can also serve as an alternative feedstock for chemicals. Pyrolysis oil is produced by heating plastics to approximately 800 °C in the absence of oxygen, resulting in a complex mixture of hydrocarbons that includes paraffins, isoparaffins, olefins, naphthenes, and aromatics. Analyzing the amount of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur in these …

The Effect Of Zebra Mussels On Minnesota Fish Communities, Benjamin D. Strei

Journal of Earth and Life Science

Zebra mussels Dreissena polymorpha are an aquatic invasive species that has been spreading quickly throughout Minnesota water bodies since 1989. Zebra mussels are known to change certain morphological conditions in lakes such as turbidity, phytoplankton abundance, and aquatic invertebrate populations. However, studies showing impacts of the infestation of zebra mussels on the health of a fish community have been hard to prove due to a lack of repeated surveys and a suite of other confounding variables such as natural and seasonal variability, plant community, and lake morphometry. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine whether zebra mussels have …

Cdh-3/Cadherin, Yap-1/Yap And Egl-44/Tead Promote Syx-2/Syntaxin And Eff-1 Fusogen-Mediated Phagosome Closure, Alec Whited, Aladin Elkhalil, Ginger Clark, Piya Ghose

Biology Theses - Archive

Physical interactions between cells, such as cell-cell junctions, can profoundly impact cell fate. A vital cell fate for normal development and homeostasis is programmed cell death. Cells fated to die must be efficiently cleared away via phagocytosis, and defects are associated with a variety of diseased states. Whether cell-cell physical associations affect programmed cell elimination has not been well-explored. Here we describe, in vivo, a cell-cell adhesion-driven signaling pathway that ensures compartment-specific cell clearance during development. We previously described the specialized cell death program “Compartmentalized Cell Elimination” (CCE) in the C. elegans embryo. During CCE, the tail-spike cell (TSC), a …

Resveratrol Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects On Human Thp-1 Macrophages, Valeria B. Martinez

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses - Archive

Inflammation is a natural biological response to harmful stimuli. It initiates a series of reactions that prompt defensive and curative mechanisms, ridding the body of offending agents and healing remaining injuries. Inflammation involves the intricate communication between cells, requiring complex signaling that mediates various pathways. This acute form of inflammation is vital for our survival, promoting a myriad of mechanisms that function to defend and heal. However, if this inflammatory response is not resolved, it results in a prolonged condition referred to as chronic inflammation. This persistent inflammatory state is incredibly harmful, damaging the host's healthy cells, tissues, and organs. …

Impact Of Glufosinate On Soil Microbial Community Dynamics, Sarobi Das

Biology Dissertations - Archive

The increasing global regulations of glyphosate due to its possible carcinogenicity and environmental hazards have necessitated the search for alternative herbicides. Glufosinate-ammonium offers a sustainable attribute due to its low toxicity and limited reported herbicide resistance cases. Despite its increasing agricultural importance, very limited studies are done on its environmental impact, especially on the soil systems. This thesis examines the ecological behavior of glufosinate in soil, precisely focusing on its effect on the dynamics of soil microbiome and the potential use of Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110 for bioremediation by reversing the effect of microbial dysbiosis. A series of 30-day mesocosm studies …

How Individual Traits Predict Distribution Patterns And Community Convergence, Zachary K. Lange

Biology Dissertations - Archive

One of the fundamental questions in biology is whether natural conditions lead species and communities toward predictable outcomes. Answering this question requires understanding how traits of individual organisms are connected to species- and community-level patterns. In Chapter 2, I examined how thermal physiology and environmental temperatures interact to determine the distribution patterns of Anolis lizards on the Greater Antilles. I combined lab-measured thermal traits (critical thermal minimum: CT_min, critical thermal maximum: CT_max, thermal preference: T_pref) with occurrence and abundance data from 21 species of Anolis lizards collected from extensive mark-resight surveys of communities across …

Wa Insecticide Guide 2025 - Autumn Winter, Rebecca Severtson

PestFacts WA

Registered chemicals for broadacre crops in Western Australia.

The insecticides listed in the tables within this guide can be used on any crop appearing on the chemical label, if the rate used does not exceed the highest rate that is registered for use on that crop.

There are many products with different trade names that contain the same active ingredient. This list is not exhaustive and does not imply any specific recommendations of brand names.

Field Trials Report 2024: Wa Farming Systems Project (Daw2204-003rtx), Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Farm Systems and Economics research reports

Within the Western Australian Faming Systems Project, a program of 11 field trials were conducted in 2024 from Ogilvie in the north to Wittenoom Hills in the south.

The season was a challenging one with a late break to the season at all sites and varying conditions from decile 3 to decile 10 growing season rainfall across the sites.

A Comparative Study On The Therapeutic Efficacy Of Manual Versus Automated Prepared Platelet Poor Plasma Gel For Atrophic Acne Scar Treatment: A Prospective Randomized Interventional Study, Yassmin Gamal Salem Dorgham, Fatma Faisal El Dakrory, Marwa Zohdy Ali Moubarak

Mansoura Medical Journal

Introduction Atrophic acne scars are challenging to treat, prompting interest in regenerative therapies like platelet-poor plasma (PPP) gel. The purpose of this study is to compare the therapeutic efficacy and safety of manually versus automatically prepared PPP gel for treating atrophic acne scars. Material and Methods In a prospective, randomized, single-blind study, 40 patients with atrophic acne scars were divided into two equal groups. Group 1 received manually prepared PPP gel, and Group 2 received automated PPP gel, both following subcision. Treatment outcomes were evaluated using dermoscopic imaging, Goodman and Baron qualitative grading system, and patient satisfaction scores over a …

Serum Resistin Levels In Patients With Acne Vulgaris And It's Correlation With Disease Severity, Marwa M. Lasheen, Magdy A. Elsohafy, Gehad M. El Mazny, Manar A. Hassan

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Acne is a condition characterized by inflammation of the pilosebaceous unit, and resistin—an inflammatory hormone may contribute to its pathogenesis, as studies show altered serum levels in acne patients. This work aimed to evaluate serum resistin levels in acne vulgaris patients and its association with disease severity. Methods: This Case control study involved 46 individuals had acne vulgaris, ranged in age from 18 to 35, free of systemic medication for the three months or topical treatment for the last month and 46 apparently healthy age and sex matched subjects. The patients were then split into two categories: Cases (n …

Interleukin-38 Serum Level In Nonsegmental Vitiligo Patients And Its Correlation With Disease Activity And Disease Severity, Aya Adel, Mohammed El- Kamel, Manar Ali Hassan

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Vitiligo is a multifactorial disease in which autoimmunity plays a central role. Interleukin (IL)-38, an innate immune cytokine secreted by keratinocytes and other cells, is believed to have a role in vitiligo progression. Aim To assess the serum levels of IL-38 in cases with non-segmental vitiligo and to examine its correlation to disease severity and disease activity. Methods This case control study included 60 patients with vitiligo and 20 healthy subjects as a control group. According to the disease severity, the cases were allocated into three groups: mild, moderate and severe. Each group included 20 patients. The affected body …

Aprepitant Ameliorates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Testicular Toxicity In Mice Via Suppression Of P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase, Suzan Awad Abdelghany Morsy, Amira H. Eltrawy, Nehal Adel Khalil, Abd Elaziz Mm, Nourhan Mohamed Mohamed Saeed, Gehad M. Khamis

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: While cyclophosphamide (CP) is a commonly used immunosuppressant and anticancer drug, it has a high risk of testicular toxicity. The current study evaluated the protective and therapeutic actions of aprepitant (APR), a neurokinin-1 receptor blocker, against CP-induced testicular toxicity in mice and the role of oxidative stress and phosphorylated P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-P38 MAPK) in this action.Methods: Forty male mice were assigned to four groups: control (vehicle only), CP-induced testicular toxicity (single 200 mg/kg intraperitoneal CP dose), APRprotected (20 mg/kg/day APR starting one day before CP, continued for 30 days), and APR-treated (same APR dose starting one hour …

The Association Between Stress-Related Disorders And Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome In Males: A Narrative Review, Abdinur Jama Farah, Mohammed Hegazy Abdulhalem, Wafaa Abdel-Hakim El-Bahaey, Ahmed Sobhy El Hefnawy

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CP/CPPS) in males is a multifactorial clinical syndrome with significant impact on quality of life (QoL). Objective To explore the link between psychological stress and chronic pelvic pain in males through reviewing the relevant articles in CPPS literature. Review summary CPPS in males is a complex condition marked by persistent pelvic pain, urinary symptoms, and sexual dysfunction without identifiable infection or pathology. Its unclear etiology and significant impact on quality of life make it a challenging clinical problem. Growing evidence suggests that psychological stress plays a key role in symptom onset and persistence by …

Evaluation Of Serum Ischemia Modified Albumin Level In Male With Androgenic Alopecia, Eman Elnigomy Mahmoud Elnigomy, Fawzia Ameen Saafan, Noha Mohamed Sherif Salah, Mohammed Samir Sultan

Mansoura Medical Journal

Introduction Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of progressive hair loss in men, influenced by genetic and hormonal factors. Recent studies suggest that oxidative stress may play a role in its pathogenesis. Serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), a biomarker of oxidative stress, could provide insights into disease activity and severity in AGA patients. Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum level of ischemia-modified albumin in male patient with androgenetic alopecia in comparison with healthy control. Patients and Methods This case-control study included 45 male patients with androgenetic alopecia and 45 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, recruited …

Outcomes Of Expansion Sphincter Pharyngoplasty In Multilevel Lateral Pharyngeal Wall Collapse In Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Esraa Moustafa, Hisham Atef Ebada, Ahmed El-Sobki, Mohamed Mostafa Elsaher

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: since its introduction in 2006, Since its introduction, expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty (ESP) has demonstrated significant efficacy in the management of pharyngeal collapse among patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The aim of the current study is to investigate the effectiveness of ESP in multi-level pharyngeal wall collapse in patients with OSAS. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Otorhinolaryngology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt over 1.5 years (June 2023 – December 2024). The study included 29 patients with OSAS who underwent ESP to manage multilevel pharyngeal wall collapse. The outcomes were evaluated based on the …

Interplay Between Amiodarone And Statins: Experimental Evidence Of Synergistic Hepatotoxicity, Hager Zaki Elghareb, Abdel-Motaal M. Fouda, Mohamed Mahmoud Elhadidi, Ahmed Abdel-Monem Elmetwally

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) continues to be a main contributor to acute liver failure. So, this study aimed to investigate interactions between amiodarone and atorvastatin concerning hepatic safety, due to increasing clinical practice of their combination for optimal arrhythmia control. Methods: Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (10 in each group). Group 1 was control group receiving normal saline. Group 2 received Amiodarone-only \ (administered 30 mg/kg/day orally). Group 3 received Atorvastatin only (administered 10 mg/kg/day orally). Group 4 received combination of both amiodarone and atorvastatin in same previous doses. All drugs were dissolved …

Comparison Of The Efficacy Of Topical Cetirizine 1% Versus Topical Minoxidil 5% Solution In Treatment Of Male Androgenetic Alopecia, Hadeer Samy Abd-Elfattah, Bothaina Mahrous Ghanem, Farid Abd-Elreheim Badria, Mohammed Samir Sultan

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common form of non-scaring hair loss characterized by extensive miniaturization of scalp hair follicles. Minoxidil is a standard topical treatment. Cetirizine, an antihistamine with anti-inflammatory properties, may be beneficial by modulating prostaglandins—specifically by inhibiting PGD2 and promoting PGE2, both of which have essential roles in hair cycle regulation. Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of topical cetirizine 1% versus minoxidil 5% in treating male AGA. Patients and Methods: Forty male patients were randomly allocated in this randomized controlled study to receive topical cetirizine 1% or minoxidil 5%. Clinical photographs and dermoscopic evaluations were …

Relationship Between Down Syndrome And Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And The Role Of Fkbp5 Gene: A Review Of Current Evidence, Israa A. Elsawi, Dina Salama Abd-Elmagid, Doaa Shahin, Mohamed Rizk Khodair, Sohier Yahia

Mansoura Medical Journal

The most prevalent chromosomal disorder is Down syndrome (DS). Neurodevelopmental disorders are highly associated with Down syndrome, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Down syndrome is also distinguished by intellectual disability and developmental delays, with many affected individuals presenting manifestations of ADHD like inattention or hyperactivity. Differentiating ADHD from overlapping DS-related cognitive deficits remains a diagnostic dilemma. The FKBP5 gene, particularly the rs7748266 polymorphism, has been implicated in modulating stress response pathways linked to ADHD susceptibility. This review summarizes the relationship between DS and ADHD and explores the emerging role of FKBP5 rs7748266 in this context. This may later …

Application Of The Papanicolaou Society Of Cytopathology (Psc) System For Reporting Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration (Eus-Fna) Of Pancreatic Lesions, Sara Saad Abd El-Razik, Rehab Talaat El-Desoky, Khadiga Mohamed Ali, Amal Abd El Hafez

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: The Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology (PSC) Reporting System presented a six-category classification system to stereotype the pathological clarification of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) samples. This study aimed to evaluate the accurateness of the PSC system in interpreting and reporting EUS-FNA of pancreatic lesions. Methods: A retrospective study with inter-observer analysis was performed on cytological samples got from patients who experienced EUS-FNA for pancreatic lesions from January 2018 to December 2022. Smears were observed by pathologists who were blinded to the final radiologic and pathologic data, applied the criteria of PSC System. Statistical examination was performed. Results: The study …

Role Of Calbindin2 In Male Infertility With Oligozoospermia And Asthenoteratozoospermia, Ashraf H. A. Hassan, Adel A. E. Zalata, Sherif R. Ismail, Hebatullah Ahmed Elsayed

Mansoura Medical Journal

Introduction: Male infertility may account for almost half of all cases of infertility. This is commonly linked to compromised sperm characteristics, such as shape, concentration, and motility. Recent studies have suggested a role for calcium-binding proteins, including Calbindin 2 (CALB2), in spermatogenesis and male reproductive function. Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between male infertility in cases of oligozoospermia and asthenoteratozoospermia and seminal Calbindin 2 levels. Patients and Methods: A case-control study was performed on 90 men (45 infertile, 45 fertile controls). Semen parameters, oxidative stress, hormone levels, DNA fragmentation, acrosin activity, and seminal CALB2 …

Oncologic Outcome Of Hemithyroidectomy For Low Risk Patients With Well Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Yasser Sharaf El Din, Khaled Gaballa, Mohamed Attia, Mohamed A. Hegazy

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: The incidence of well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) has increased in recent decades, yet most cases remain indolent and categorized as low-risk, typically associated with excellent prognoses. The rising identification of these tumors has led to continued discussion about optimal surgical management. In recent years, there has been a clear trend in the evolution of guidelines addressing surgical management of WDTC toward de-escalation, including hemithyroidectomy, for appropriately selected low-risk WDTC patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective case series included 24 individuals with an incidentally discovered and pathologically proven diagnosis of WDTC following hemithyroidectomy, over a five-year period (January 2018-December 2022) …

Treatment Of Xanthelasma Palpebrarum With Plasma Energy Device, Merna Azab, Fawzia A Saafan, Amal Wagdy

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Semisolid, yellowish deposits known as Xanthelasma palpebrarum (XP) may develop at the inner and outer corners of the eyelids. The goals of ideal XP treatment are complete clearance with no recurrence, ensuring safety, comfort, and affordability, with no or minimal undesirable side effects, including pigmentary changes or scarring. One non-ablative electrosurgical method is plasma sublimation therapy, which involves generating plasma from atmospheric gas using radio frequency energy. This process creates ionized and mixed chemicals, which then sublimate epidermal tissue. Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of plasma energy devices in treatment of xanthelasma palpebrarum. Patients and methods: The current study …

Vitamin D Status In Coronary Artery Disease, Yasmeen M. Zayed, Hamdy F Marzouk, Alshaimaa H. Abd-Elmaksoud, Ahmed H. Eladawy, Shereen A Mourad

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Vitamin D deficiency, dyslipidemia, and systemic inflammation are recognized contributors to coronary artery disease (CAD), so the aim of this study was to assess association of serum vitamin D (25(OH)D), traditional and nontraditional lipid indices, and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with CAD risk and severity, and to evaluate their predictive value using the Gensini score. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 55 CAD patients (group I) and 55 age- and sex-matched individuals (group II). lipid profiles, NLR, and serum 25(OH)D levels were measured. Nontraditional lipid indices, including Castelli’s Risk Indices and atherogenic coefficient were calculated. The severity of CAD was …

Low-Carbohydrate, Low-Fat, And Balanced Diets In Weight Reduction Among Obese Adolescents., Ashraf A. Elsharkawy, Gihan Fouad Ahmad, Ahmed El-Husseiny, Amany K. Elhawary, Ola Shawky Ahmed, Asmaa Taha Zaher Taha, Fatma El-Zahraa M. Hashish

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Obesity in adolescents is a major public health concern, leading to early onset of metabolic abnormalities. This study aimed to compare the effects of the Low- Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) and Low-Fat Diet (LFD) in comparison with the balanced calculated diet (BCD) on weight reduction in obese adolescents and their impact on metabolic health markers. Patients and methods: 75 obese adolescents aged less than 18 years were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, controlled study and were randomly assigned to either LCD group, LFD group, or BCD group. Anthropometric and laboratory measures were collected before and after a 10-week intervention. Results: …

Impact Of Insulin Resistance And Obesity Indices On Patients Received Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator (R-Tpa) In Acute Ischemic Stroke, Manar Hamada Abou El-Wafa, Azza E. Elmongui, Ahmed Saad Almenshawy, Nada Abd Elhameed Elsaid

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Insulin resistance (IR) and obesity may influence stroke outcomes after recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-TPA) therapy. The aim of this work was to analyze the potential impact of IR, body mass index (BMI) and relative fat mass on stroke prognosis in non-diabetic patients after intravenous thrombolytic therapy Methods This Cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 44 patients, with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) received r-TPA. Every single patient underwent routine laboratory examination in addition to serum insulin and assessment of insulin resistance (IR) by the HOMA-IR index (defined as HOMA-IR>2.5). Body mass (BMI), relative fat mass (RFM) indices and …

Effect Of Dexmedetomidine Versus Magnesium Sulfate On Intraocular Pressure In Glaucoma Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Nourhan E. Elhadidi, Nevert A. Abdelghaffar, Nabil A. Mageed, Amany Tarbay

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background : Lowering the intraocular pressure (IOP) is regarded as a primary and initial treatment option for glaucoma. Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium sulfate are known to have intraocular pressure-lowering effects which improve visual fields in patients with primary open angle glaucoma and attenuate intraocular pressure spikes induced by tracheal intubation. Aim: To evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of using Dexmedetomidine versus Magnesium Sulfate on intraocular pressure and the incidence of postoperative hyphema. Methods : This study included 100 patients both male and female with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status class ɪ and ɪɪ scheduled to undergo elective …

Inactivation Of Zika Virus With Hydroxypropyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin, Cory R. Hewitt, Nicholas J. Wixon, Arthur Gallegos, You Zhou, Victor C. Huber, M. Scott. Killian

Nebraska Center for Biotechnology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Background/Objectives: Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is associated with life-threatening diseases in humans. To date, there are no available FDA-approved therapies or vaccines for the specific treatment or prevention of ZIKV infection. Variation in the ZIKV envelope protein (Env), along with its complex quaternary structure, presents challenges to synthetic approaches for developing an effective vaccine and broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). We hypothesized that beta-cyclodextrin (BCD) could be used to uniquely inactivate infectious ZIKV without disruption of Env.

Methods: ZIKV was propagated in Vero cells and admixed with BCD. The BCD-treated ZIKV was evaluated for infectivity using immunofluorescence and quantitative …

Characterization Of Multispecies Microbial Communities At Beef And Pork Processing Plants And Their Impact On Pathogen Stress Tolerance, Rong Wang, Sapna Chitlapilly Dass, Vignesh Palanisamy, You Zhou, Tatum Katz, Joseph M. Bosilevac

Nebraska Center for Biotechnology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica are major foodborne pathogens. Biofilm formation may potentially contribute to product contamination by these pathogens at meat processing facilities. Further, pathogen stress tolerance may vary significantly due to the interactions with the multispecies microbial community at meat plants, which may be affected by processing activity, animal species, and the local selective pressure caused by sanitization practices.

We characterized natural microorganisms collected from floor drains at various areas at three beef plants and two pork plants and analyzed their impact on pathogen sanitizer tolerance.

The pathogen strains were able to integrate efficiently into the multispecies …

Identification Of Benzothiophene-Derived Inhibitors Of Flaviviruses By Targeting Rna-Dependent Rna Polymerase, Leah Liu Wang, Shazeed-Ul Karim, Aidan Hand, Ryan Brunkhorst, Mackenna Petersen, Sarah Altam, Yi Liu, Luwen Zhang, Fengwei Bai, Shi-Hua Xiang

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Flaviviruses such as Dengue, West Nile, and Zika viruses are mosquito-borne RNA viruses that can cause serious diseases in humans. To develop effective drugs for treating these viruses’ infections, we create a new approach for developing common or shared drugs that may work for several different viral species of flaviviruses. It is based on the conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), which is the key enzyme for viral replication. We built up a common structure of RdRps (POLcon) from their consensus sequence. A conserved Triple-D structural motif was identified at the active site of POLcon that has been used for virtual …

Principles Of Biomedical Research, Faina Linkov, Matthew C. Kostek

Open Education Materials

HLT 430/530

CC BY-NC-SA