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Articles 17341 - 17370 of 256030

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Climate And Gypsum Parent Material Shape Biocrust Communities And Moss Ecology In The Chihuahuan And Mojave Deserts, Katelyn Gobbie, Nicole Pietrasiak, Brian M. Jusko, Rebecca E. Drenovsky Jan 2025

Climate And Gypsum Parent Material Shape Biocrust Communities And Moss Ecology In The Chihuahuan And Mojave Deserts, Katelyn Gobbie, Nicole Pietrasiak, Brian M. Jusko, Rebecca E. Drenovsky

2025 Faculty Bibliography

Biological soil crust communities (biocrusts) establishing on gypsum soils have been well-documented for their prolific appearance and rich diversity of lichens and bryophytes. However, studies characterizing gypsum biocrusts have occurred primarily outside of the U.S., most of which lack comparisons to other soil types. We conducted intensive field surveys to evaluate the ground cover and frequency of biocrust functional groups and moss species on gypsum and non-gypsum soils in the U.S. regions with the most extensive gypsum outcrops, the northern Chihuahuan and eastern Mojave Deserts. Study sites were stratified by geomorphology and paired, so that every gypsum site was matched …

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Determining Localization Of Surf-4 In Drosophila Melanogaster In The Secretory Pathway, Jada Scott Jan 2025

Determining Localization Of Surf-4 In Drosophila Melanogaster In The Secretory Pathway, Jada Scott

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

The purpose of this research is to determine the role of the Surfeit-4 gene, or Surf-4 locus protein, during Drosophila melanogaster development. Surf-4 was identified in the Srivastava lab in a biochemical screen for proteins that associate with the basement membrane (BM): a structure needed and required for normal development and its degradation is a hallmark of tumor metastasis. Surf-4 has been predicted to function within intracellular compartments and is known to be expressed in many parts of the developing fly. We are currently determining why Surf-4 is important in development and what role, if any, it could play during …

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Movements And Habitat Use Of Silver Carp In The Arkansas And White River, A. L. Althoff, J. L. Kinschuh, D. K. Owens, Jonathan J. Spurgeon, J. N. Stevens, S. E. Lochmann Jan 2025

Movements And Habitat Use Of Silver Carp In The Arkansas And White River, A. L. Althoff, J. L. Kinschuh, D. K. Owens, Jonathan J. Spurgeon, J. N. Stevens, S. E. Lochmann

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

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Diversity And Risk Assessment Of Phytophthora Spp. Found On Plant Roots Innative Plant Nurseries And Interstate Shipping Nurseries In California, Rebecca Harkness, Karen Suslow, Supriya Sharma, Monique Sakalidis, Timothy Miles, Wolfgang Schweigkofler Jan 2025

Diversity And Risk Assessment Of Phytophthora Spp. Found On Plant Roots Innative Plant Nurseries And Interstate Shipping Nurseries In California, Rebecca Harkness, Karen Suslow, Supriya Sharma, Monique Sakalidis, Timothy Miles, Wolfgang Schweigkofler

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Faculty Scholarship

For many nurseries, it is difficult to diagnose Phytophthora-infected plants in time to prevent disease incursion and spread, especially if the infection occurs on roots and causes no or limited symptoms on aerial plant parts. Rapid, accurate, and specific diagnostic methods can facilitate the identification and removal of infected plants. This study was conducted to investigate whether specific nursery types within California are more likely to have different Phytophthora species and which hosts are more likely to test positive for a Phytophthora species using immunological and molecular diagnostic tools. From fall 2016 to spring 2019, we collected 1,180 root samples …

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Friend And Foe: Tgf-Beta, Its Role In Tumor Development, And An Analysis Of Chung Et Al. (2018), Yosef Sonbolian Jan 2025

Friend And Foe: Tgf-Beta, Its Role In Tumor Development, And An Analysis Of Chung Et Al. (2018), Yosef Sonbolian

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

This paper will analyze an important study performed by Chung et al. (2018) regarding transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta), which plays an important role in various cellular processes. Paradoxically, TGF-beta plays a different role in the development of cancer at various points. In early-stage tumors, TGF-beta has been known to inhibit cancer growth, but in later stages, it acts as a cancer promoter. Chung et al. (2018) attempted to ascertain the efficaciousness of the drug Sorafenib in suppressing TGF-beta responses, as well as the ways that this drug achieves its goal and the implications that their findings may have for future …

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Nebraska Seed Focus, June 2025, Nebraska Crop Improvement Association Jan 2025

Nebraska Seed Focus, June 2025, Nebraska Crop Improvement Association

Nebraska Seed Focus

Nebraska Seed Focus, June 2025

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Entomology Insect Pollinators And Predators-Flower Flies, Manju Yogi, Kaushalya Amarasekare Jan 2025

Entomology Insect Pollinators And Predators-Flower Flies, Manju Yogi, Kaushalya Amarasekare

Extension Publications

No abstract provided.

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Assessing The Foraging Habits Of Two Species Of Long-Horned Bees (Melissodes, Apidae) Using Dna Barcodes Its2 And Trnl, Rebecca Jane Foy Jan 2025

Assessing The Foraging Habits Of Two Species Of Long-Horned Bees (Melissodes, Apidae) Using Dna Barcodes Its2 And Trnl, Rebecca Jane Foy

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Sunflowers (Helianthus, Asteraceae) are an important crop used for oil, dye, fodder, and edible seeds. Long-horned bees (Melissodes, Apidae) are solitary species native to the Americas that specialize in sunflower pollination; they are among the most frequent visitors to sunflowers, and have been shown to enhance yield, offering considerable economic benefits to sunflower production. This study used metabarcoding to investigate the foraging habits of two understudied Melissodes species, M. trinodis and M. agilis. Using the ITS2 and trnL barcodes, our study aimed to (1) investigate the plants visited by M. agilis and M. trinodis and (2) assess the distances Melissodes …

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Powdery Mildew On Crapemyrtle, Kripa Dhakal, Kaitlin Barrios, Karla M. Addesso, Fulya Baysal-Gurel Baysal-Gurel Jan 2025

Powdery Mildew On Crapemyrtle, Kripa Dhakal, Kaitlin Barrios, Karla M. Addesso, Fulya Baysal-Gurel Baysal-Gurel

Extension Publications

No abstract provided.

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Cercospora Leaf Spot On Crapemyrtle, Kripa Dhakal, Kaitlin Barrios, Karla M. Addesso, Fulya Baysal-Gurel Jan 2025

Cercospora Leaf Spot On Crapemyrtle, Kripa Dhakal, Kaitlin Barrios, Karla M. Addesso, Fulya Baysal-Gurel

Extension Publications

No abstract provided.

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Behavioral And Physiological Responses Of Heifers With No Prior Exposure And Those Adapted To Grazing Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue, Tyler A. Purvis Jan 2025

Behavioral And Physiological Responses Of Heifers With No Prior Exposure And Those Adapted To Grazing Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue, Tyler A. Purvis

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

Data from year one of a three-year experiment was used to determine behavioral and physiological responses of heifers adapted to grazing endophyte-infected fescue (E+TF) compared to heifers naïve to grazing E+TF. In May, yearling beef heifers from KY (n=15) and MT (n=30) were stratified by body weight, hair coat score, and disposition into nine pastures and assigned to one of three treatments: KY grazing E+ (KY-E+), MT grazing E+ (MT-E+), or MT grazing endophyte-free tall fescue (E-TF) (MT-E-). Prior to grazing, two heifers per pasture were selected to be outfitted with a RumiWatch® halter (Itin+Hoch GmbH, Liestal, Switzerland) for monitoring …

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Assessing Land Suitability For Agroforestry, Huseyin B. Tecimen Jan 2025

Assessing Land Suitability For Agroforestry, Huseyin B. Tecimen

Extension Publications

No abstract provided.

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Drone Applicator Technology, Jason P. De Koff, Joshua Howard Jan 2025

Drone Applicator Technology, Jason P. De Koff, Joshua Howard

Extension Publications

No abstract provided.

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Nutrition Security – Why It Matters?, Priscilla Ayine, Veronica Oates Jan 2025

Nutrition Security – Why It Matters?, Priscilla Ayine, Veronica Oates

Extension Publications

No abstract provided.

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Potential Impacts Of Construction On Bat Populations In Warner Parks, Nashville, Tennessee, Jackson Whiteside, Wyatt Fooks, Jeremy Little Jan 2025

Potential Impacts Of Construction On Bat Populations In Warner Parks, Nashville, Tennessee, Jackson Whiteside, Wyatt Fooks, Jeremy Little

Science University Research Symposium (SURS)

Human development continues to alter natural landscapes, often with significant consequences for wildlife populations. Among the most sensitive taxa to such disturbances are bats, which serve vital ecological roles as insect predators, pollinators, and seed dispersers. Because bats depend on specific roosting and foraging habitats, even minor environmental changes can strongly influence their activity and diversity. A new road is proposed through an area of Warner Parks, Nashville, Tennessee which is otherwise untouched. This may affect the biodiversity and the populations of bats as a result. Wildlife Acoustic MiniBat 2 acoustic monitoring equipment was used to gather echolocation calls of …

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Effects Of In-Stream Large Woody Debris Management On Riparian Salamander Population Dynamics, Sydney Hermann Jan 2025

Effects Of In-Stream Large Woody Debris Management On Riparian Salamander Population Dynamics, Sydney Hermann

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The addition of large woody debris (LWD) into streams is an increasingly common habitat restoration method used to support brook trout populations and other sensitive freshwater species. Wood jams create localized reductions of water velocity, increase organic matter retention, intensify overbank flows, and promote habitat heterogeneity. These changes enhance interaction between the floodplain and the stream which can influence forest habitat variables such as leaf litter, soil pH, moisture, and invertebrate abundance. Salamander demographics reflect the stability of these forest habitat variables, and population declines can be indicative of environmental disturbance, stress, or change. Evaluating how this trout-targeted management effects …

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Structural Impacts Of Canonical And Non-Canonical Oligonucleotide Modifications, Deepak Shrestha Jan 2025

Structural Impacts Of Canonical And Non-Canonical Oligonucleotide Modifications, Deepak Shrestha

Wayne State University Dissertations

Nucleic acids, including DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acids), are the fundamental building blocks of living organisms. The events that cause modification of DNA/RNA are of interest because they impact the nucleic acid function. Targeting DNA is important for treating diseases such as cancer. Cisplatin (cisPt) is a well-studied drug that targets DNA and blocks replication, but its use is limited by adverse side effects and cellular resistance. Prevoius research addressed some of these challenges through development of platinum analogues such as carboplatin and oxaliplatin. Amino acid-linked platinum analogues (AAPt) are the focus of this thesis work. AAPt complexes …

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Mass Spectrometry Combined With Chemical Biology To Study Human Ailments, Eric Thomas Jacquerio Davis Jan 2025

Mass Spectrometry Combined With Chemical Biology To Study Human Ailments, Eric Thomas Jacquerio Davis

Wayne State University Dissertations

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are essential as chemical changes that regulate protein function, activity, stability, interactions, and localization after protein synthesis. PTMs, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination, can activate or deactivate proteins, influence their interactions with other molecules, and determine their cellular location. This regulation is vital for numerous biological processes, such as cell cycle control, signal transduction, and gene expression. Abnormal PTMs are linked to various diseases in humans, including parasitic infection, blood disorders, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases, making their study crucial for understanding disease mechanisms and developing targeted therapies. In the Pflum lab, we are interested in the …

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Antimicrobial-Resistant Enterococcus In Urban Communities: Insights Into Human Infection Risks, Sumit Kumar Paudel Jan 2025

Antimicrobial-Resistant Enterococcus In Urban Communities: Insights Into Human Infection Risks, Sumit Kumar Paudel

Wayne State University Dissertations

The complexity of community risk factors and transmission routes has been a major challenge to the containment of community-acquired antibiotic resistance. Possible factors range from environmental contamination, antibiotic misuse, and human exposure via animals, food, the environment, and human-to-human transmission. What has been missing from previous research is the integration of findings in animal and environmental sectors with bacteria implicated in community infections. To gain a better understanding of antibiotic resistance acquired in the community, a one health approach is clearly needed. Specifically, we aim to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus in wildlife, their gene profiles in comparison with …

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Graduate Student Literature Review From "The Development Of The Brouwer Equation To Estimate Heat Production: Past, Present, And Future Perspectives" In Journal Of Dairy Science (2025), Addison L. Carroll, Paul J. Kononoff, Tami M. Brown-Brandl Jan 2025

Graduate Student Literature Review From "The Development Of The Brouwer Equation To Estimate Heat Production: Past, Present, And Future Perspectives" In Journal Of Dairy Science (2025), Addison L. Carroll, Paul J. Kononoff, Tami M. Brown-Brandl

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Appendix 1, supplemental to "The development of the Brouwer equation to estimate heat production: Past, present, and future perspectives," Journal of Dairy Science (2025).

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Validation Of Non-Invasive Methods For The Measurement Of Gonadal And Inter-Renal Steroid Hormones In A Desert-Adapted Amphibian (Scaphiopus Couchii), Alexander T. Baugh, Callie Cho , '23, Alice Onyango-Opiyo , '23, Sophie A. Rodner , '25, Senna Mieth , '25, Daniel Oakes , '24, Liam Halstead , '25 Jan 2025

Validation Of Non-Invasive Methods For The Measurement Of Gonadal And Inter-Renal Steroid Hormones In A Desert-Adapted Amphibian (Scaphiopus Couchii), Alexander T. Baugh, Callie Cho , '23, Alice Onyango-Opiyo , '23, Sophie A. Rodner , '25, Senna Mieth , '25, Daniel Oakes , '24, Liam Halstead , '25

Biology Faculty Works

For aquatic and semi-aquatic vertebrates like amphibians, it is possible to estimate excreted hormone levels using non-invasive methods such as waterborne and salivary sampling. These techniques allow monitoring of endocrine activity over varying, repeated and simultaneous integration periods while minimizing handling-related stress that can ‘contaminate’ hormone estimates, including estimates of baseline glucocorticoids. Here we have validated the extraction and quantification of three steroid hormones (corticosterone, CORT; 17-b estradiol, E₂; testosterone, TST) in Couch’s spadefoots (Scaphiopus couchii)—a desert-adapted anuran of special interest for physiology, evolution and conservation—using non-invasive waterborne and minimally invasive salivary hormone methods. We combined extraction and …

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Noncoding Rnas In Nuclear Organization, Thembalami Dube , '24, Dawn M. Carone Jan 2025

Noncoding Rnas In Nuclear Organization, Thembalami Dube , '24, Dawn M. Carone

Biology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

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Leveraging Crispr Technology To Model Beta-Propeller Protein Associated Neurodegeneration And Explore Mechanisms Of Neurological Dysfunction, Brandon Lee Meyerink Jan 2025

Leveraging Crispr Technology To Model Beta-Propeller Protein Associated Neurodegeneration And Explore Mechanisms Of Neurological Dysfunction, Brandon Lee Meyerink

Dissertations and Theses

Neurons are highly compartmentalized, specialized cells that are foundational to brain function. Moreover, the neurons we have early in life are the same cells that we carry through our entire life. For these cells to stay healthy and functional over this long period, a process called autophagy is used to clear unwanted, toxic, or unneeded materials from the cell. Alterations in autophagy caused by genetic mutations can lead to the death of neurons and neurodegenerative disease. Here, we use CRISPR technology to genetically modify mouse models to generate a model of autophagy associated neurological disease and study the molecular function …

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Recruitment, Reprogramming, And Function Of Trpv1+ Sensory Nerves In The Development And Progression Of Head And Neck Cancer, Anthony Restaino Jan 2025

Recruitment, Reprogramming, And Function Of Trpv1+ Sensory Nerves In The Development And Progression Of Head And Neck Cancer, Anthony Restaino

Dissertations and Theses

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are an epithelial cancer prevalent across the world and are divided into two subcategories: human papillomavirus-mediated (HPV+) and carcinogen-mediated (HPV-) HNSCC. These subgroups have distinct patient populations, divergent responses to therapy, and prognoses, however the foundational mechanisms that facilitate these differences are not well understood or defined. Recently, the presence and function of sensory neurons within the tumor environment of various solid tumors has been identified and investigated. Herein, we identify differences in the presence of TRPV1+ sensory neurons and neuron structures in the tumor environment of HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC, correlating with …

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Identification And Characterization Of Novel Crispr-Cas Immune Effectors, Christian Fredrick Baca Jan 2025

Identification And Characterization Of Novel Crispr-Cas Immune Effectors, Christian Fredrick Baca

Student Theses and Dissertations

Bacteria are under constant threat by the viruses that infect them called bacteriophages or phages for short. It is predicted that phages outnumber bacteria by an order of magnitude, producing a tremendous pressure for resistance mechanisms against this threat. One of the most abundant immune systems bacteria have evolved to combat this are CRISPR-Cas systems, which have been studied extensively due to their fascinating biology and usefulness in biotechnology and therapeutics. My thesis focuses on the discovery and characterization of three new CRISPR-Cas effector proteins that provide immunity in bacteria in response to phage challenge with highly diverse activities. CRISPR-Cas …

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Understanding Of Intrinsic Sources Of Dna Damage That Drive Human Disease: A Foray Into The Study Of Dna Interstrand Crosslinks And Genome-Embedded Ribonucleotides, Nicolas Johannes Georg Blobel Jan 2025

Understanding Of Intrinsic Sources Of Dna Damage That Drive Human Disease: A Foray Into The Study Of Dna Interstrand Crosslinks And Genome-Embedded Ribonucleotides, Nicolas Johannes Georg Blobel

Student Theses and Dissertations

Sources of damage to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) can be categorized broadly into exogenous and endogenous. Exogenous sources range from environmental (e.g., air pollution, tobacco and alcohol, ultraviolet (UV) radiation due to sun exposure), to pharmaceutical sources (e.g., chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin). The other main category of DNA damage is endogenous, which can range from metabolites such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in the cells as byproducts of metabolic pathways, to incorrect bases incorporated into the genome. In this thesis, I will focus on two types of endogenous DNA damage: 1) interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) formed by DNA damaging aldehydes and …

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Towards Cost Effective Autonomous Mapping Of Invasive Aquatic Plants Using Deep Learning And A Gpu Enabled Microcomputer, Swarup Bhattarai, Sathishkumar Samiappan, Piyush Chaudhary, Ashutosh Shah Jan 2025

Towards Cost Effective Autonomous Mapping Of Invasive Aquatic Plants Using Deep Learning And A Gpu Enabled Microcomputer, Swarup Bhattarai, Sathishkumar Samiappan, Piyush Chaudhary, Ashutosh Shah

GRI Publications

We present a dataset for the autonomous identification of invasive aquatic plant species using deep learning techniques. The dataset includes high-resolution images captured using a Canon EOS REBEL T3 DSLR camera for model training and low-resolution images captured with a Raspberry Pi camera for evaluating model performance under real-world conditions. Eight invasive aquatic plant species: Alternanthera philoxeroides, Cyperus blepharoleptos, Salvinia molesta, Ludwigia peploides, Panicum repens, Pontederia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes, and Nymphaea odorata were cultivated in mesocosms at the R.R. Foil Plant Research Center, Mississippi State University. The controlled environment of mesocosms serve as …

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Potential Of Anogenital Distance As A Genetic Selection Trait In Canadian Holstein, G.R. Dodd, F.S. Schenkel, F. Miglior, T.C. Bruinjé, M. Gobikrushanth, J.E. Carrelli, M. Oba, D.J. Ambrose, C.F. Baes Jan 2025

Potential Of Anogenital Distance As A Genetic Selection Trait In Canadian Holstein, G.R. Dodd, F.S. Schenkel, F. Miglior, T.C. Bruinjé, M. Gobikrushanth, J.E. Carrelli, M. Oba, D.J. Ambrose, C.F. Baes

Dairy Science and Food Science Faculty Publications: 2022 to Present

Maintaining optimal fertility in dairy cattle herds is a global challenge that is typically addressed through the genetic selection of fertility indicator traits. However, many of the traits currently implemented in breeding programs are heavily influenced by environmental factors, resulting in a slow rate of genetic improvement. Anogenital distance (AGD) has recently emerged as a promising fertility indicator trait due to its association with favorable reproductive outcomes and its higher heritability estimates compared with currently evaluated traits. This study aimed to enhance the understanding of AGD's genetic potential by estimating its genetic parameters in Canadian Holsteins, assessing the reliability …

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Ashwagandha And Sexual Health In Women With Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: Exploring Extent Of Adaptogenic Properties, Rhea Chatterjee Jan 2025

Ashwagandha And Sexual Health In Women With Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: Exploring Extent Of Adaptogenic Properties, Rhea Chatterjee

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) affects 40% of women and potentially decreases their quality of life. Currently, the primary treatment for HSDD is Flibanserin, which is a serotonergic agonist and an antidepressant. However, the limited efficacy of Flibanserin encourages the exploration of the utilization of traditional drugs such as Withania somnifera, otherwise known as Ashwagandha, as an alternative treatment for HSDD. Minimal studies examine ayurvedic medications or the symptoms of illnesses that traditional Western medicines are unable to treat. This comprehensive literature review investigated the efficacy of Ashwagandha in improving sexual function in women with HSDD. The paper evaluated …

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Gene Ontology Enrichment Reveals Pufa-Responsive Functional Themes In The Nucleus Accumbens Of Female Dba/2j Mice, Eman Mahjoub, Jennifer Wolstenholme Ph.D. Jan 2025

Gene Ontology Enrichment Reveals Pufa-Responsive Functional Themes In The Nucleus Accumbens Of Female Dba/2j Mice, Eman Mahjoub, Jennifer Wolstenholme Ph.D.

IRBEH/Spit for Science Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

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