Life Sciences Commons^™

Microbial Communities Associated With Endangered West Texas Springsnails And Their Potential Roles In Conservation, Russell L. Minton, Kathryn E. Perez

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences Faculty Publications

Desert springs are one of the most threatened ecosystems globally. Those in Southwestern North America support high numbers of threatened and endemic species. Human activities present the greatest threats to springs and the organisms they support. Freshwater snails in the genera Pyrgulopsis and Tryonia are two groups of such organisms, representing diverse and threatened groups of springsnails in the Southwestern United States. Desert springs also harbour unique microbial diversity that faces similar threats from water usage and freshwater habitat degradation. Understanding springsnails and the bacteria they host represent potential exemplars for interdisciplinary conservation efforts. We studied the bacterial communities associated …

Biochar-Derived Photocatalysts For Pharmaceutical Waste Removal, A Sustainable Approach To Water Purification, Maryam Zahid, Zia Ul Haq Khan, Jingyu Sun, Nawshad Muhammad, Sana Sabahat, Noor Samad Shah, Jibran Iqbal

All Works

In the past few years, the utilization of pharmaceutical compounds has considerably increased to treat human and animal diseases. The pharmaceutical waste, processed or unprocessed, is being released into water systems. This contamination leads to the death of millions of people across the globe annually. Tailored treatment procedures are effectively employed to remove these compounds. However, many of these techniques suffer from high-cost apparatus, generation of secondary pollutants, and sludge etc. Conversely, adsorption combined with photocatalysis is an alternative, economical and efficient method for water remediation. This review delves deeper into the synthesis protocols of biochar derived photocatalysts and investigates …

Histology-Grounded Automated Plaque Subtype Segmentation In Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography, Paul Young, Drew Nolen, Thomas E Milner, Alexandra Gruslova, Deborah Vela, Louis Maximilian Buja, Luis A Diaz Sanmartin, Paul Rad, Marc D Feldman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) adoption has been limited by the complexity of image interpretation. The interpretation of histologic subtypes beyond lipid, calcium, and fibrous is challenging to human readers. To assist and standardize IVOCT image analysis, we demonstrate an artificial intelligence algorithm based on a histology data set that identifies lipid pools, fibrofatty, calcified lipid, and calcified fibrous in human coronary arteries for the first time.

Methods: Sixty-seven human coronary arteries were imaged with IVOCT within 24 hours after death and then underwent histologic examination. IVOCT images were coregistered and segmented into histologic subtypes: lipid pools, fibrofatty tissue, …

Author Correction: Ctla4 Blockade Abrogates Keap1/Stk11-Related Resistance To Pd-(L)1 Inhibitors, Ferdinandos Skoulidis, Haniel A Araujo, Minh Truong Do, Yu Qian, Xin Sun, Ana Galan Cobo, John T Le, Meagan Montesion, Rachael Palmer, Nadine Jahchan, Joseph M Juan, Chengyin Min, Yi Yu, Xuewen Pan, Kathryn C Arbour, Natalie Vokes, Stephanie T Schmidt, David Molkentine, Dwight H Owen, Regan Memmott, Pradnya D Patil, Melina E Marmarelis, Mark M Awad, Joseph C Murray, Jessica A Hellyer, Justin F Gainor, Anastasios Dimou, Christine M Bestvina, Catherine A Shu, Jonathan W Riess, Collin M Blakely, Chad V Pecot, Laura Mezquita, Fabrizio Tabbó, Matthias Scheffler, Subba Digumarthy, Meghan J Mooradian, Adrian G Sacher, Sally C M Lau, Andreas N Saltos, Julia Rotow, Rocio Perez Johnson, Corinne Liu, Tyler Stewart, Sarah B Goldberg, Jonathan Killam, Zenta Walther, Kurt Schalper, Kurtis D Davies, Mark G Woodcock, Valsamo Anagnostou, Kristen A Marrone, Patrick M Forde, Biagio Ricciuti, Deepti Venkatraman, Eliezer M Van Allen, Amy L Cummings, Jonathan W Goldman, Hiram Shaish, Melanie Kier, Sharyn Katz, Charu Aggarwal, Ying Ni, Joseph T Azok, Jeremy Segal, Lauren Ritterhouse, Joel W Neal, Ludovic Lacroix, Yasir Y Elamin, Marcelo V Negrao, Xiuning Le, Vincent K Lam, Whitney E Lewis, Haley N Kemp, Brett Carter, Jack A Roth, Stephen Swisher, Richard Lee, Teng Zhou, Alissa Poteete, Yifan Kong, Tomohiro Takehara, Alvaro Guimaraes Paula, Edwin R Parra Cuentas, Carmen Behrens, Ignacio I Wistuba, Jianjun Zhang, George R Blumenschein, Carl Gay, Lauren A Byers, Don L Gibbons, Anne Tsao, J Jack Lee, Trever G Bivona, D Ross Camidge, Jhannelle E Gray, Natasha B Leighl, Benjamin Levy, Julie R Brahmer, Marina C Garassino, David R Gandara, Edward B Garon, Naiyer A Rizvi, Giorgio Vittorio Scagliotti, Jürgen Wolf, David Planchard, Benjamin Besse, Roy S Herbst, Heather A Wakelee, Nathan A Pennell, Alice T Shaw, Pasi A Jänne, David P Carbone, Matthew D Hellmann, Charles M Rudin, Lee Albacker, Helen Mann, Zhou Zhu, Zhongwu Lai, Ross Stewart, Solange Peters, Melissa L Johnson, Kwok K Wong, Alan Huang, Monte M Winslow, Michael J Rosen, Ian P Winters, Vassiliki A Papadimitrakopoulou, Tina Cascone, Philip Jewsbury, John V Heymach

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Monte Carlo Modeling Of An Experimental Benchtop L-Shell X-Ray Fluorescence Imaging/Ct System Adopting Two Silicone Drift Detectors, Neerajan Nepal, Amrit Kaphle, Sandun Jayarathna, Sang Hyun Cho

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

L-shell x-ray fluorescence (XRF) photons induced from gold nanoparticles (GNPs) after being irradiated by an x-ray beam allow for highly sensitive XRF imaging/computed tomography (XFCT) of biological samples containing GNPs at low concentrations on the order of parts-per-million (ppm). The primary goal of this Monte Carlo (MC) study was to investigate the feasibility of upgrading an existing experimental benchtop XRF/XFCT imaging setup adopting a single silicon drift detector (SDD), developed based on the aforementioned concept (often known as L-shell XFCT), by deploying another SDD within the same setup. Specifically, an MC model of the original single SDD L-shell XFCT setup, …

Proceedings Of The National Cancer Institute Workshop On Combining Immunotherapy With Radiotherapy: Challenges And Opportunities For Clinical Translation, Zachary S Morris, Sandra Demaria, Arta M Monjazeb, Silvia C Formenti, Ralph R Weichselbaum, James Welsh, Heiko Enderling, Jonathan D Schoenfeld, Joshua D Brody, Heather M Mcgee, Michele Mondini, Michael S Kent, Kristina H Young, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Sana D Karam, Willemijn S M E Theelen, Joe Y Chang, Mai Anh Huynh, Adi Daib, Sean Pitroda, Caroline Chung, Raphael Serre, Clemens Grassberger, Jie Deng, Quaovi H Sodji, Anthony T Nguyen, Ravi B Patel, Simone Krebs, Anusha Kalbasi, Caroline Kerr, Claire Vanpouille-Box, Logan Vick, Todd A Aguilera, Irene M Ong, Fernanda Herrera, Hari Menon, Deedee Smart, Jalal Ahmed, Robyn D Gartrell, Christina L Roland, Fatemeh Fekrmandi, Binita Chakraborty, Eric H Bent, Tracy J Berg, Alan Hutson, Samir Khleif, Andrew G Sikora, Lawrence Fong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Radiotherapy both promotes and antagonises tumour immune recognition. Some clinical studies show improved patient outcomes when immunotherapies are integrated with radiotherapy. Safe, greater than additive, clinical response to the combination is limited to a subset of patients, however, and how radiotherapy can best be combined with immunotherapies remains unclear. The National Cancer Institute-Immuno-Oncology Translational Network-Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer-American Association of Immunology Workshop on Combining Immunotherapy with Radiotherapy was convened to identify and prioritise opportunities and challenges for radiotherapy and immunotherapy combinations. Sessions examined the immune effects of radiation, barriers to anti-tumour immune response, previous clinical trial data, immunological and …

Development And Characterization Of Orthotopic Patient-Derived Xenograft Models Of Peritoneal Metastatic Mucinous Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma, Ichiaki Ito, Vinay K Pattalachinti, Abdelrahman Mg Yousef, Saikat Chowdhury, Mohammad M Fanaeian, Emaan Haque, Betul Beyza Gunes, Mahmoud Yousef, Emma R Salle, Mohammad A Zeineddine, Shuangxi Ji, Ruonan Li, Wenyi Wang, Beth A Helmink, Melissa W Taggart, Michael G White, Keith F Fournier, Natalie W Fowlkes, John Paul Shen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Appendiceal adenocarcinomas (AAs) are a rare and heterogeneous group of tumors for which few preclinical models exist. The lack of preclinical models of AA has hindered drug development and is a major factor in why AA remains without a single FDA-approved systemic treatment.

Materials and methods: Tumors from 16 patients with appendiceal neoplasms (15 AA and one HAMN) were implanted into flank and peritoneal cavity of immunodeficient mice leading to the successful establishment of 3 AAPDX models. Histological, immunohistochemical, genetic, and transcriptomic comparison of patient and PDX tumors were performed.

Results: Higher tumor grade, peritoneal implantation, and RAS/RAF mutation …

Impact Of Postprogression Therapies On Overall Survival: Recommendations From The 2023 Kidney Cancer Association Think Tank Meeting, Stephanie A Berg, Salvatore La Rosa, Tian Zhang, Phillip M Pierorazio, Laurence Albiges, Kathryn E Beckermann, Matthew T Campbell, Maria I Carlo, Katie Coleman, Daniel J George, Daniel M Geynisman, Ritchie Johnson, Eric Jonasch, Jodi K Maranchie, Bradley A Mcgregor, Daniel D Shapiro, Eric A Singer, Brian M Shuch, Walter M Stadler, Nizar M Tannir, Yousef Zakharia, Ulka N Vaishampayan, Peter F Thall, Pavlos Msaouel

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Modern advances in systemic and localized therapies for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have significantly improved patients' outcomes. If disease progression occurs after initial treatment, clinicians often have multiple options for a first salvage therapy. Because salvage and initial treatments both may affect overall survival time, and they may interact in unanticipated ways, there is a growing need to determine sequences of initial therapy and first salvage therapy that maximize overall survival while maintaining quality of life. The complexity of this problem grows if a second salvage therapy must be chosen for patients with treatment-resistant disease or a second …

American Association Of Physicists In Medicine (Aapm) Chapter Climate Check: Mixed Methods Analysis Of Survey Responses, Ashley J Cetnar, Ghada Aldosary, Meghan C Koo, Holly Lincoln, Angélica Pérez-Andújar, Surendra Prajapati, Samantha J Simiele, Kristi R G Hendrickson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) recently shared results and recommendations from its first Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI) Climate Survey, which was designed to assess the climate at the workplace, the AAPM organization, and the AAPM regional chapter level. This work further explores the status of EDI at the regional chapter level.

Methods: AAPM's EDI Survey was distributed to 5500 members and had a response rate of 25%. In the survey, three open-ended comment boxes were provided for feedback, including one for regional AAPM members. Sixty-four percent of respondents indicated they were part of a regional …

Psychometric Evaluation Of The Scleroderma Skin Questionnaire: A Novel Patient-Reported Outcome For Skin Disease In Patients With Systemic Sclerosis, Jeong Min Yu, John M Vanburen, Angela Child, Jessica S Alvey, Lisa A Mandl, Laura C Pinheiro, Shervin Assassi, Elana J Bernstein, Flavia V Castelino, Lorinda Chung, Luke Evnin, Tracy M Frech, Faye N Hant, Laura K Hummers, Dinesh Khanna, Kimberly S Lakin, Dorota Lebiedz-Odrobina, Yiming Luo, Ashima Makol, Jerry A Molitor, Duncan F Moore, Carrie Richardson, Nora Sandorfi, Ami A Shah, Ankoor Shah, Victoria K Shanmugam, Brian Skaug, Virginia D Steen, Elizabeth R Volkmann, Jessica K Gordon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Scleroderma Skin Questionnaire (SSQ), a novel patient-reported outcome (PRO) to assess systemic sclerosis (SSc)-related skin symptoms.

Methods: Participants were recruited from the SSc Collaborative National Quality and Efficacy Registry (CONQUER). Internal consistency was determined using Cronbach α and McDonald ω total (ωt). The correlation of the SSQ was assessed with the modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS), physician global assessment (PGA), Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire, 29-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS-29), and patient global assessment to assess criterion, convergent, and divergent validity. Correlations were also assessed between patients' self-reported recall …

Resolving Tissue Complexity By Multimodal Spatial Omics Modeling With Miso, Kyle Coleman, Amelia Schroeder, Melanie Loth, Daiwei Zhang, Jeong Hwan Park, Ji-Youn Sung, Niklas Blank, Alexis J Cowan, Xuyu Qian, Jianfeng Chen, Jiahui Jiang, Hanying Yan, Laith Z Samarah, Jean R Clemenceau, Inyeop Jang, Minji Kim, Isabel Barnfather, Joshua D Rabinowitz, Yanxiang Deng, Edward B Lee, Alexander Lazar, Jianjun Gao, Emma E Furth, Tae Hyun Hwang, Linghua Wang, Christoph A Thaiss, Jian Hu, Mingyao Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Spatial molecular profiling has provided biomedical researchers valuable opportunities to better understand the relationship between cellular localization and tissue function. Effectively modeling multi-modal spatial omics data is crucial for understanding tissue complexity and underlying biology. Furthermore, improvements in spatial resolution have led to the advent of technologies that can generate spatial molecular data with sub-cellular resolution, requiring the development of computationally efficient methods that can handle the resulting large-scale datasets. MISO (MultI-modal Spatial Omics) is a versatile algorithm for feature extraction and clustering, capable of integrating multiple modalities from diverse spatial omics experiments with high spatial resolution. Its effectiveness is …

An Inducible Foxl2-Dependent Mouse Model Of Ovarian Adult Type Granulosa Cell Tumor, Jian Li, Thomas Welte, Katherine Calzoncinth, Veena K Vuttaradhi, Allison L Brodsky, Kwong-Kwok Wong, Manu M Sebastian, Barrett Lawson, Charles V Kingsley, R Tyler Hillman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Adult-type granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs) are rare ovarian sex cord/stromal tumors with near-universal hotspot mutations in FOXL2 (c.C402G; p.Cys134Trp). Progress in the treatment of relapsed AGCT has been hindered by the lack of high-fidelity FOXL2-based mouse models. To address this critical unmet need, we created and validated a genetically engineered inducible mouse model of the human FOXL2 mutation that recapitulates the key features of the human disease.

Methods: Gene targeting in embryonic stem cells was used to introduce a Cre-inducible Foxl2C130W allele (mouse equivalent of the human oncogenic mutation) into the endogenous mouse Foxl2 locus. Animals with the Foxl2C130W-FLEx …

Loncastuximab In High-Risk And Heavily Pretreated Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Realworld Analysis From 21 Us Centers, Viktoriya Zelikson, Ashwath Gurumurthi, Yazeed Sawalha, Kaitlin Annunzio, Aditi Saha, Ning Dong, David Qualls, Behzad Amoozgar, Brad Kahl, John Baird, Pavan Challa, Scott F Huntington, Jennifer Santos, Steven Bair, Mayur Narkhede, Shuning Li, Zachary Frosch, Carrie Ho, Stephen D Smith, Allison Winter, Daniel Landsburg, Fateeha Furqan, Mehdi Hamadani, Katelin Baird, Jason Romancik, Hanan Alharthy, Jennie Law, Leyla Bojanini, Ranjana Advani, Boyu Hu, Patrick Connor Johnson, Natalie S Grover, Mwanasha Merril, Jennifer L Crombie, Nazila Shafagati, Cole Sterling, Loretta J Nastoupil, Narendranath Epperla, Emily C Ayers

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Outcomes in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are poor. Loncastuximab- teserine (Lonca) is an antibody-drug conjugate which was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with R/R DLBCL who have received at least two prior lines of therapy, based on the results of the LOTIS-2 trial. However, there are limited data regarding its efficacy in the real-world setting. This retrospective study included 21 US centers and evaluated outcomes of patients with R/R DLBCL treated with Lonca. Our analysis comprises 187 patients with notably higher-risk baseline features compared to those of the …

Molecular Testing For The World Health Organization Classification Of Central Nervous System Tumors: A Review, Craig Horbinski, David A Solomon, Rimas V Lukas, Roger J Packer, Priscilla Brastianos, Patrick Y Wen, Matija Snuderl, Mitchel S Berger, Susan Chang, Maryam Fouladi, Joanna J Phillips, Burt Nabors, Daniel J Brat, Jason T Huse, Kenneth Aldape, Jann N Sarkaria, Matthias Holdhoff, Terry C Burns, Katherine B Peters, Ingo K Mellinghoff, David Arons, Evanthia Galanis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Molecular techniques, including next-generation sequencing, genomic copy number profiling, fusion transcript detection, and genomic DNA methylation arrays, are now indispensable tools for the workup of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Yet there remains a great deal of heterogeneity in using such biomarker testing across institutions and hospital systems. This is in large part because there is a persistent reluctance among third-party payers to cover molecular testing. The objective of this Review is to describe why comprehensive molecular biomarker testing is now required for the accurate diagnosis and grading and prognostication of CNS tumors and, in so doing, to justify …

Encorafenib, Cetuximab And Chemotherapy In Braf-Mutant Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Phase 3 Trial, Scott Kopetz, Takayuki Yoshino, Eric Van Cutsem, Cathy Eng, Tae Won Kim, Harpreet Singh Wasan, Jayesh Desai, Fortunato Ciardiello, Rona Yaeger, Timothy S Maughan, Elena Beyzarov, Xiaoxi Zhang, Graham Ferrier, Xiaosong Zhang, Josep Tabernero

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Encorafenib + cetuximab (EC) is approved for previously treated BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) based on the BEACON phase 3 study. Historically, first-line treatment of BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC with chemotherapy regimens has had limited efficacy. The phase 3 BREAKWATER study investigated EC+mFOLFOX6 versus standard of care (SOC) in patients with previously untreated BRAF V600E mCRC. The dual primary endpoint of progression-free survival is event driven; data were not mature at data cutoff. BREAKWATER met the other dual primary endpoint of objective response rate, demonstrating significant and clinically relevant improvement in objective response rate (EC+mFOLFOX6: 60.9%; SOC: 40.0%; odds ratio, …

Modified Atmosphere Packaging And Melatonin Application Alleviates Chilling Injury In ‘Fuyu’ Persimmon Fruit By Reducing Ethylene Production, Mitigating Ros Accumulation, And Maintaining Antioxidant System, Mahmood Ul Hasan, Zora Singh, Hafiz Muhammad Shoaib Shah, Andrew Woodward, Eben Afrifa- Yamoah

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Sweet persimmon ‘Fuyu’ is highly sensitive to chilling injury (CI), which shortens its storage life. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of melatonin (MLT) dip treatment (100 µmol L−1), modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), and combined application of MLT and MAP on reduction of CI in ‘Fuyu’ persimmon fruit at 0 ± 1 °C up to 60 days. An untreated group of ‘Fuyu’ persimmon fruit was used as a control. The combined application of MLT and MAP significantly reduced CI incidence and index on both peel and flesh of persimmon fruit. This treatment also resulted in lower …

Widespread Detection Of Second Generation Anticoagulant Rodenticides In Australian Native Marsupial Carnivores, Michael T. Lohr, Cheryl Anne Lohr, Judy Dunlop, Melissa Snape, Stephanie Pulsford, Evan Webb, Robert A. Davis

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) have been detected in non-target wildlife species worldwide but information on exposure in Australian mammals is extremely limited. To address this, we analysed liver tissue from the five largest sized species of native Australian carnivorous and scavenging mammals for all SGARs currently used in Australia. A total of 52 individual animals from five dasyurid species were tested for exposure to ARs with 26 individuals (50 %) testing positive. Eleven individuals (21 %) tested positive for more than one AR compound, and two individuals tested positive for three types of AR. This study is the first to document …

Beyond Nutrition: Exploring Immune Proteins, Bioactive Peptides, And Allergens In Cow And Arabian Camel Milk, Manujaya W. Jayamanna Mohottige, Angéla Juhász, Mitchell G. Nye-Wood, Katherine A. Farquharson, Utpal Bose, Michelle L. Colgrave

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Bovine milk has dominated the dairy segment, yet alternative milk sources are gaining attention due to perceived superior health benefits, with immune proteins and bioactive peptides (BPs) contributing to these benefits. Fractionation affects protein recovery and composition. Here, the cream fraction resulted in the highest yield of proteins, identifying 1143 camel and 851 cow proteins. The cream fraction contained a significantly higher concentration of immune system-related proteins. Straightforward filtration and protein precipitation methods achieved average BP detections of 170 and 177, compared to 31 by a solvent-solvent extraction method. Considering potentially allergenic proteins, 53 (camel) and 52 (cow) were identified. …

Applying Image Processing And Computer Vision For Damage Detection In Photovoltaic Panels, Montaser Abdelsattar, Ahmed Abdelmoety, Ahmed Emad-Eldeen

Mansoura Engineering Journal

As the use of Photovoltaic (PV) panels as a sustainable energy source grows, there is a need for effective and precise techniques to monitor and manage these systems. Conventional techniques for identifying faults in PV panels, such as manual inspections, require a significant amount of effort and are susceptible to mistakes made by humans. This study introduces an innovative automated method that utilizes image processing techniques implemented using the OpenCV library to identify panel faults, namely hotspots, which are important indications of possible failures. The study approach combines grayscale conversion, histogram analysis, and adaptive thresholding to accurately detect and evaluate …

Predation Of The Scorpion Hottentotta Saulcyi (Scorpiones: Buthidae) By The Long-Eared Hedgehog (Hemiechinus Auritus) (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Erinaceidae) In Şırnak Province, Türkiye, Rıdvan Kurt, Ersen A. Yağmur, Tarkan Yorulmaz

Euscorpius

In this study, we report the predation of Hottentotta saulcyi (Simon, 1880) by the insectivorous mammal Hemiechinus auritus (Gmelin, 1770) in Şırnak Province, southeastern Türkiye. During a nighttime field trip, we observed a long-eared hedgehog biting a H. saulcyi individual on its prosoma. This observation confirms that long-eared hedgehogs feed on and prey upon scorpions.

Edge Feathering Across Forest-Meadow Ecotones Increases Light Heterogeneity And Understory Plant Diversity, Aruni Kadawatha, Jean H. Burns

Faculty Scholarship

Ecotones, the transitional zones between distinct habitats, are vital for ecosystem functioning and habitat diversity. Traditional management practices frequently create abrupt boundaries, leading to stressful conditions for organisms. To address this challenge, an underutilized land management technique called “edge feathering”, which involves gradual thinning of the canopy along the forest edge, has been introduced. This study, con- ducted at Holden Arboretum in Kirtland, Ohio, investigated the effects of edge feathering on light availability and understory plant diversity in edge feathered and control treatments. We calculated the coefficient of variation in light availability as light heterogeneity and plant diversity indices at …

Overview Of Mechanisms Related To Citrulline Malate Supplementation And Different Methods Of High-Intensity Interval Training On Sports Performance: A Narrative Review, Hadi Nobari, Laya Samadian, Saber Saedmocheshi, Pablo Prieto-González, Christopher Macdonald

Kinesiology

Regular exercise is a practical non-pharmacological approach to maintaining physical and mental health through rehabilitation and prevention of chronic diseases due to its cardiovascular, cardiorespiratory, neurological, and neuromuscular benefits. Despite awareness of the benefits of exercise, a “lack of time” has proven to be the most common impediment to regular activity. Thus, a time-efficient and potentially enjoyable training modality with growing popularity is high-intensity interval training (HIIT). HIIT incorporates intermittent bouts of work and recovery intervals performed at an intensity close to maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). HIIT is considered to have equivalent or superior benefits compared to moderate-intensity continuous training …

Too Much Of A Good Thing: Lessons From Compromised Rootworm Bt Maize In The Us Corn Belt, Ziwei Ye, Christina Difonzo, David A. Hennessy, Jinhua Zhao, Felicia Wu, Shawn P. Conley, Aaron J. Gassmann, Erin W. Hodgson, Bryan Jensen, Janet J. Knodel, Bradley Mcmanus, Lance J. Meinke, Andrew Michel, Bruce Potter, Nicholas J. Seiter, Jocelyn L. Smith, Joseph L. Spencer, Kelley J. Tilmon, Robert J. Wright, Christian H. Krupke

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Widespread use of genetically engineered maize targeting the corn rootworm complex (Diabrotica species) has raised concerns about insect resistance. Twelve years of university field trial and farm survey data from ten United States Corn Belt states indicate that maize hybrids expressing toxins derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt maize) exhibited declining protection from rootworm feeding with increased planting while pest pressures simultaneously decreased. The analysis revealed a tendency to overplant Bt maize, leading to substantial economic losses; this was particularly striking in eastern Corn Belt states. Our findings highlight the need to go beyond the “tragedy of the …

Exploring Managed Retreat Pathways To Community-Led Resilience 1-31-2025, Roger Williams University School Of Law, Marine Affairs Institute

School of Law Conferences, Lectures & Events

No abstract provided.

New Onset Diabetes Predicts Clinical Outcomes In Patients With Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Chirayu Mohindroo, Paul S Dy, Suraj P Hande, Christopher R D'Adamo, Arun Mavanur, Asha Thomas, Florencia Mcallister, Ana De Jesus-Acosta

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: One percent of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients are diagnosed with new onset diabetes (NOD) over the age of 50 years within 3 years. Therefore, NOD is a major factor for early diagnosis of PDAC. Research has focused on understanding the differences between NOD and type 2 diabetes, particularly in relation to PDAC. However, conflicting data exists regarding their impact on survival outcomes in PDAC patients. We performed this multi-center study to assess the prevalence and influence of NOD on clinical outcomes in patients with PDAC within a community-based hospital system.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 138 …

Muscle-Specific Errγ Activation Mitigates Muscle Atrophy After Acl Injury, Aiping Lu, Katie J Sikes, Ping Guo, Matthieu Huard, Shelbi Green, Kelly Santangelo, Jacob Singer, Ashley Groesbeck, Scott Tashman, Vihang A Narkar, Johnny Huard

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury adversely affects skeletal muscle, leading to muscle atrophy and weakness, significantly impacting clinical outcomes. This study aimed to determine if estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) overexpression in skeletal muscle could mitigate muscle atrophy after ACL injury. An animal model with selective overexpression of ERRγ in skeletal muscle (ERR-gamma transgenic mice, TG) and WT control mice were used for this study. All the mice received a mechanical ACL rupture and were euthanized at 4- and 8-week post-injury. Muscle histology, atrophy, and function were evaluated and compared between the TG and WT mice. Muscle-specific ERRγ activation in TG …

Steering Conservation Biocontrol At The Frontlines: A Fuzzy Logic Approach Unleashing Potentials Of Climate-Smart Intercropping As A Component Within The Integrated Management Of Fall Armyworm In Africa, Komi Mensah Agboka, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Emily Kimathi, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, John Odindi, Onisimo Mutanga, Saliou Niassy

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

This study introduces a computational index that employs fuzzy sets theory to identify potential deployment sites for push-pull as a component in the integrated management of Fall Armyworm (FAW) in Africa. The index, validated through known push-pull testing sites and informed by insights from field data and practical observations, is primarily based on companion plants (Desmodium intortum and Brachiaria brizantha), livestock, and maize as covariates. The study developed a set of rules linking each selected covariate to the output as membership functions, which are later combined using an algebraic operator. It identifies extensive maize farms across Africa potentially suitable for …

Current Challenges And Preliminary Morphological Reassessment Of The Genus Chaerilus Simon, 1877 In China (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae), Victoria Tang

Euscorpius

The genus Chaerilus Simon, 1877 in China is preliminarily revised on a morphological basis, derived from the available literature and newly examined specimens. The robustness of several commonly applied species-level diagnostic criteria are evaluated. Ten species are provisionally recognized for China, including one new morphospecies, Chaerilus herta sp. n., described from 9 females, 40 males, and 2 juvenile females collected in Mêdog County. The current study only reveals and resolves several most elementary issues in the taxonomy of Chinese Chaerilus. Further molecular investigations are warranted until topotypes of certain species become available.

Distal Femur Fractures: The Use Of A Fibular Strut Allograft With Dual Locking Plates Allows For Early Weight Bearing, Brian Rui Kye Chee, Chenghan Wu, Abhjeet Ashok Salunke, Yongsheng Chen

BioMedicine

Introduction: Distal femur fractures result in high morbidity and mortality - comparable to that of hip fractures. The commonly used surgical fixation techniques today, locked plating and intramedullary nailing, have shown high postoperative complication rates. Thus, many surgeons temporarily keep patients non-weight bearing in the early post-operative stage. Increased time to ambulation after surgery is known to increase systemic complications in patients. We aim to investigate if an augmented fixation technique involving the use of a fibular strut allograft with dual locking plates helps to allow early mobilization postoperatively without adverse outcomes.

Methods: Five geriatric patients (four female, one male) …

Acute Phantosmia As The First Manifestaton Of Brain Metastases In A Patient With Breast Cancer. Case Report, Georgios I. Papageorgiou, Nikolaos Skouteris

BioMedicine

Phantosmia belongs to the group of olfactory dysfunctions. It is more commonly described in psychiatric conditions and some cases of viral infections, but it has been also rarely described in cancer patients who develop primary or metastatic central nervous system tumors; the early identification of this symptom in this population is crucial, as it could lead to timely diagnosis and treatment through a multidisciplinary approach.

With the current report we present the case of a 60-year-old lady with metastatic breast cancer and without known preexisting brain metastases, who developed acute phantosmia without other neurological deficits; computed tomography of the brain …