Life Sciences Commons^™

Appraisal Of Germination Behavior And Activity In Newly Developed Rice Lines, Muhammad Usman Akbar, Muhammad Aqeel, Maryam M. Alomran, Ijaz Haider, Omar Mahmoud Al-Zoubi, Ali Noman

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Rice is a fundamental food source for more than half of the global population. This study evaluated the germination capacity of four rice lines [Sakh (V1), Campena (V2), Kharamana (V3), and Binicol (V5)] and one local variety, KSK-282 (V5). The findings revealed significant differences in the germination attributes among the rice lines. V1 and V3 showed superior germination performance, while V5 consistently exhibited the lowest values. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) across multiple parameters, including the coefficient of velocity of germination (CVG), germination index, mean germination rate (MGR), and synchronization index. A significant …

Early Survival And Growth Of Haloxylon Ammodendron Seedlings Under Irrigation In Arid Southern Tajikistan, Jieun Ahn, Gaeun Kim, Heejae Jo, Jieun Park, Youngjin Lee, Woo-Kyun Lee, Asia Khamzina, Yowhan Son

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Understanding plant drought responses is crucial for effective afforestation in drylands. This study aimed to investigate the effects of irrigation (31.25 mm seedling–1 every 45 days) on the early survival and growth of 3-month-old Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings at an afforestation site established in Tajikistan in 2021. In July 2022 and June 2023, surveys were conducted to compare seedling survival rates, height, root collar diameter (RCD), stem volume per unit area, and height-to-RCD ratio between irrigation (IR) and nonirrigation (NIR) treatments. The IR treatment increased survival rates in 2022 but not in 2023. By 2023, the IR treatment had increased the …

Digital Image Processing In Determining The Degree Of Turnip Yellows Virus Infection In Oilseed Rape, Alina-Ștefania Stanciu, Teodor Rusu, Alin Cristian Teușdea, Olimpia Smaranda Mintaș, Mihai Marcel Cărbunar, Cristian Oneț

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In agricultural crops, leaves play crucial roles in plant physiology, providing information on both the quantity and quality of future production. They also serve as indicators for diagnosing foliar diseases. Detecting plant diseases through image reading and computer vision in a specific format allows for both quantitative and qualitative studies, which is a key step in diagnosing diseases using images of leaves exhibiting symptoms specific to a pathogen. In this study, we present an approach that integrates digital image processing to assess the extent of turnip yellows virus (genus Polerovirus, family Solemoviridae) infection in oilseed rape. This study focuses on …

Exploring The Impact Of Planting Density And Environmental Variables On Maize Yield Productivity, Bojan Drašković, Bojan Mitrović, Velimir Mladenov, Ivana Mitrović, Milena Janković, Miroslav Zorić, Nenad Đurić

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Our study investigated the performance of various maize hybrids across diverse environments and planting densities, with the aim of understanding the complex interaction between genotypes, environmental conditions, and planting practices. A set of 13 experimental maize hybrids and two commercial check hybrids was tested over a 3-year period at eight different locations and under two distinct plant densities using a split-plot design. The results revealed significant variations in grain yield (GY) among hybrids across different environments, suggesting a substantial genotype-by-environment (G × E) interaction effect, particularly of the crossover type. This variability was attributed to fluctuations in environmental factors such …

Seasonal Dynamics Of Biomass Productivity, Combustion Quality, And Nutrient Translocation In Bulbous Canary Grass (Phalaris Aquatica L.) In A Semiarid Mediterranean Environment, Recep İrfan Nazli, Mi̇hrab Polat, Asi̇ye Sena Çavdar, Veyi̇s Tansi

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In order to achieve sustainable biomass production from perennial grasses, seasonal changes in biomass yield, combustion quality, and nutrient translocation need to be monitored in detail. In this study, the effects of six distinct disruptive harvests (November, January, March, May, July, and September) on the dry biomass yield, ash, moisture, and mineral contents, as well as the composition of the cell walls and the translocation of nutrients in bulbous canary grass, were investigated in a semiarid Mediterranean climate. The September harvest significantly reduced aboveground ash and mineral contents, while their contents in belowground biomass exhibited a significantly increasing trend from …

From Ancient Wisdom To Modern Medicine: The Cultural And Therapeutic Significance Of Ficus Carica L. (Moraceae) Extracts In Colorectal Cancer Treatment, Esra Hacimüftüoğlu, Azizeh Shadidizaji, Kağan Tolga Ci̇ni̇sli̇, Songül Karakaya

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Figs, mentioned in the Torah, the Bible, and the Quran, are of historical and cultural significance and have been used for medical treatment, prompting extensive research. Colorectal cancer (CRC), the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, is expected to significantly increase in terms of mortality rates by 2035, with its progression closely linked to inflammatory processes. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), an enzyme encoded by the Ptgs2 gene, plays a key role in these processes by converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a mediator of inflammation. In the present study, the potential of natural antiinflammatory compounds, specifically fumaric acid and …

Erratum To “Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.) Diversity Analysis: Insights From Germplasm Resources Leading To Crop Improvement”[Turkish Journal Of Agriculture And Forestry 48 (6) 2024 876-887], Amit Baran Sharangi, Solanki Bal, Anirban Maji, Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, Reem Binsuwaidan, Nawaf Alshammari, Nadiyah M. Alabdallah, Adesh Kolapkar, Mohd Saeed

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

We hereby issue this erratum to address a concern regarding the affiliation section in the manuscript titled “Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) diversity analysis: insights from germplasm resources leading to crop improvement.” A correction is issued regarding the affiliation detail in the originally published manuscript. The affiliation number for the ninth author, Mohd SAEED, was listed as 7, whereas it should have been 6. To amend this, the affiliation section in the manuscript has been revised as follows:

Link to the original article: https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/agriculture/vol48/iss6/6/

Yellow Stingray (Urobatis Jamaicensis) Jaw, Marissa Rosas, David Kerstetter

All Scans: Kerstetter Fisheries and Avian Ecology 3D Scan Series

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Cooking Oil And Bitter Gourd On Obesity Development In C57bl/6j Mice, Justin Talmadge Mcguire

Honors Theses

This study examined the use of different oils in the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with bitter gourd incorporated into unhealthy diets to assess its effects. A total of 72 mice were divided into six groups. Two of these groups were gavaged with an aqueous solution of bitter gourd, with one group additionally receiving corn oil and the other receiving lard. The four groups that did not receive bitter gourd were each fed a different diet containing either corn oil, lard, canola oil, or olive oil. Measurements of weight, food intake, water consumption, blood glucose levels, …

Modeling Differential Expression In Scrna-Seq Data With A Difference Of Two Negative Binomial Distributions, Alicia Petrany

Theses and Dissertations

Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a powerful high throughput sequencing technology that quantifies the transcriptome at a single cell resolution. Differential expression (DE) analysis is a key scRNA-seq analysis task that identifies genes with statistically significant expression changes in response to biological stimuli. Existing DE methods inherently attempt to determine whether two sets of negative binomially distributed read counts are significantly different but lack exact testing strategies to do so. This work introduces a novel theoretical distribution, the Difference of Two Negative Binomial Distributions (DOTNB), and implements it within DEGage, an R package for DE analysis. Benchmarking DEGage against …

04.21.2025 Ored Connect, Liz Williamson

ORED Newsletter

ORED Stakeholder Meetings

SEC Travel Grants

Adapting To Climate Change In Semiarid Regions Via Conservation Measures: Climate-Smart Crop Rotations Of Food Legumes In Cool Seasons, Velibor Spalevic, Mohsen Janmohammadi, Naser Sabaghnia, Shuraik Kader

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The high potential of evapotranspiration, unsuitable soil conditions, irregular distribution of rainfall, and ineffective techniques of soil moisture conservation are among the limitations of semiarid regions of Central and West Asia and North Africa (CWANA), and they have intensified during recent decades with climate change. CWANA’s agroecosystems are fragile and highly vulnerable to the consequences of global warming and aggravation of water scarcity, and need to redefine agroclimatic zoning. Winter cereals are the predominant crops in the region of CWANA. The highest amount of cultivation is allocated to societies with dominant rainfed agriculture, which is often not economically profitable. The …

Remote Sensing Estimation Of Forest Ecosystem Service Values, Yu Zhang, Zhichao Guo, Guoshuang Tian, Minghua Lei

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

A precise estimation of the value of forest ecosystem services (FESVs) has become essential due to the growing significance of the influence of global climate change on them. The primary objective of this study was to enhance the precision of forest service value monitoring and evaluation, thereby providing a scientific foundation for the promotion of sustainable forest resource management and ecological civilization construction. The study presented a remote sensing estimation (RSE) technique that combined time series characterization (TSC) and double-logistic regression (DLR) in order to achieve this. Through the integration of TSC analysis and a substantial amount of remote sensing …

Assessment Of Chlorophyll Levels In Navel Oranges Based On Remote Sensing Images Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Hu Li, Shijiang Zhu, Wen Xu, Zhongyong Yang, Xinbo Liu, Weiqi Zhang

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The swift, effective, and noninvasive assessment of citrus chlorophyll levels is important for the timely diagnosis of citrus growth status, and the decision-making of orchard management. In this study, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with multispectral remote sensing imagery were applied to the mandarin orange, through which five vegetation indices [Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index (MTCI), Red-edge Chlorophyll Index (CIre), Nitrogen Reflectance Index (NRI), Red, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)], which better reflect citrus photosynthetic activity and productivity, were screened. The stepwise linear regression (SLR) method, support vector machine (SVM) regression method, and radial basis function neural network …

A Yolov7-Based Robotic Harvesting System For Agaricus Bisporus Using A Depth Camera, Fengwu Zhu, Weijian Zhang, Zhida Li, Tianshi Gao, Qinglai Zhao

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

To achieve accurate detection of button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus), a harvesting method based on the Robot Operating System (ROS) is proposed. This method combines a convolutional neural network named YOLO (You Only Look Once), a depth camera, and a robotic arm working in coordination. The system integrates advanced image recognition capabilities with the robotic arm to improve harvesting efficiency and accuracy. To enhance the model’s detection accuracy while considering the lightweight requirements for mobile deployment, several modules were incorporated into the You Only Look Once (YOLO)v7 network. Experimental results showed that the improved YOLOv7 network increased the average detection accuracy …

Postharvest Application Of 1-Methylcyclopropene And Modified Atmosphere Packaging Extends Shelf Life And Maintains Eating Quality Of Mango Fruit Cv. Sufaid Chaunsa, Hafiz Muhammad Usman, Sajid Hussain, Raheel Anwar, Ahmad Sattar Khan, Aman Ullah Malik, Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Khurram Ziaf, Arooba Abbas

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit is globally relished for its sweet taste, unique aromatic profile, and enriched nutritional value. However, its short postharvest life is a serious challenge for export to long-distance markets. 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) is an ethylene inhibitor known to delay ripening in many fruits, including mango. However, comparative research suggesting an appropriate method to treat mangoes with 1-MCP is limited. In this study, mango fruit cv. Sufaid Chaunsa were fumigated with 0.25 ppm 1-MCP or treated aqueously with 1.2 ppm 1-MCP for 5 min and then packed in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP). The control fruits were not …

Effect Of Eco-Friendly Fertilizers And Edible Coatings On Fatty Acids And Phenolics In Fresh-Cut Melon During Cold Storage, Firat İşlek

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The demand for convenient and ready-to-eat food has increased, including fresh-cut fruit and vegetables. At the same time, people are also becoming more health-conscious and are aware of the positive impact of healthy food choices on their well-being. For this reason, it is important to deliver fruits and vegetables to people’s tables using both environmentally and human-friendly practices, from cultivation to postharvest storage. In the current study, in order to support agricultural sustainability, humic acid, liquid vermi¬compost, and organomineral fertilizers that do not pose a risk to human health or the environment were used in melon. Furthermore, several edible coverings …

The Effect Of Lithium On Intracellular Myo-Inositol Levels In Human Lymphoblasts Of Bipolar Disorder Patients, Ntakirutimana Francine

Honors Theses

Bipolar disorder is a chronic disorder characterized by mood swings of mania and depression. Bipolar I is characterized by intense mania, while bipolar II is characterized by hypomania and depression. Currently, there is no cure for bipolar disorder; however, one mainstay of treatment is lithium, which is hypothesized to alleviate symptoms by reducing myo-inositol.

In this study, the effect of lithium on intracellular myo-inositol was determined in lymphoblasts derived from bipolar disorder patients and compared to that of lymphoblasts from a neurotypical individual. At 1mM lithium, the data showed increased myo-inositol levels across cell lines; however, the results were not …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

Allelic Diversity Of Azerbaijani Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) By Ssr Markers, Javi̇d Ojaghi, Sevi̇nj Nuriyeva, Sami̇ra Salayeva, Mahammad Eldarov, Zeynal Akparov, Jamala Eldarova Mursalova

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The objectives of this research entailed studying genetic variation in 50 Azerbaijani wheat accessions from 6 different botanical varieties using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. On the basis of the seven SSR primers used in this work, 42 different alleles were observed among the wheat accessions studied with an average of six alleles per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.428 to 0.772, revealing the existence of rich genetic diversity in Azerbaijani wheat accessions. The highest PIC values were calculated with the Xgwm190, Xgwm337, and Xgwm261 SSR primers with a mean value of 0.561. Cluster analysis representing the Nei …

Functional Protein Biomarkers Based On Distributions Of Expression Levels In Single-Cell Imaging Data, Misung Yi, Tingting Zhan, Hallgeir Rui, Inna Chervoneva

Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

MOTIVATION: The intra-tumor heterogeneity of protein expression is well recognized and may provide important information for cancer prognosis and predicting treatment responses. Analytic methods that account for spatial heterogeneity remain methodologically complex and computationally demanding for single-cell protein expression. For many functional proteins, single-cell expressions vary independently of spatial localization in a substantial proportion of the tumor tissues, and incorporation of spatial information may not affect the prognostic value of such protein biomarkers.

RESULTS: We developed a new framework for using the distributions of functional single-cell protein expression levels as cancer biomarkers. The quantile functions of single-cell expressions are used …

Lack Of Patient-Centered Care Relative To Evidence-Based Practice In Clinical Diagnosis And Treatment Of Endometriosis In The U.S.: A Review, Piper E. Scoskie

Honors Theses

This scoping review examines the impact of combining Patient-Centered Care (PCC) and Evidence-Based Care (EBC) on clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction in the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis in the United States. In particular, the review aims to (1) examine the body of research from the United States to learn more about the connection between PCC and EBC and their collective impact on patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes in the treatment of endometriosis; (2) identify the gaps in existing research and practice, specifically regarding PCC procedures, varying patient populations, and longitudinal investigations; and (3) provide recommendation for future research and …

Differential Binding Of Host Cell Proteins By Vpr Mutant R77q Compared With Wild Type Vpr, Madison C. Wagley

Theses and Dissertations

HIV Viral protein R (Vpr) is a multifunctional accessory protein which plays a role in nuclear import of the pre-integration complex, transactivation of HIV LTR promoter, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis during HIV infection. R77Q is an HIV Vpr mutant which is associated with long-term non-progressor phenotypes, and which has previously been connected to higher levels of apoptosis compared to wild type Vpr in vitro. There are observable differences in host binding partners with HIV Vpr between wild type and R77Q strains as shown via coimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. In one run R77Q samples showed binding to histone 1.2, 1.3, …

Development Of Raman Spectroscopic Methods To Analyze Chemical, Biological, And Physical Constituents For Food Safety And Quality, Hannah C. Broadbent

Theses and Dissertations

Ensuring food safety and quality is crucial for consumer health, satisfaction, and regulatory compliance. This study aims to develop rapid, reliable methods for detecting food constituents (i.e. lactose), pathogens (i.e. Listeria monocytogenes), and contaminants (i.e. micro- and nano-plastics) using Raman spectroscopy. With advantages like high specificity, minimal sample preparation, and fast analysis, Raman spectroscopy offers a promising alternative to traditional methods. This research explores its application in assessing chemical, biological, and physical properties of food to enhance safety and quality monitoring. Lactose-free products are increasingly popular due to the global prevalence of lactose intolerance, creating a need for effective verification …

Emergence Of Heterogeneity In Bacteria During Antibiotic Exposures, Mirjana Stevanovic

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Bacterial populations exposed to antibiotics often exhibit phenotypic heterogeneity, with individual cells displaying distinct responses with fates ranging from survival to arrest or death. The emergence of this heterogeneity is largely driven by feedback mechanisms mediated by the interactions between antibiotic action, gene regulation, and cellular metabolism. These responses unfold in dynamic environments where conditions such as nutrient availability and drug concentration fluctuate over time and space. Yet, these complex interactions and their role in shaping population-level outcomes during drug responses remain poorly understood. Using tetracycline resistance in E. coli as a model system, this thesis focuses on how these …

Effects Of Pharmacologic And Genetic Manipulation Of Gaba-A Receptors On Network Activity, Peter Michael Lambert

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

GABAA receptors (GABAARs) are the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in the central nervous system. A rich diversity of receptor subtypes are produced by the combination of various GABA receptor subunits into a heteropentameric chloride channel. Inhibitory signaling through GABAARs occurs on timescales ranging from fast synaptic events lasting milliseconds to tonically active receptors providing standing inhibitory tone. GABAARs are modulated by many clinically important drugs including anesthetic, hypnotic, anxiolytic, and antidepressant agents. Of note, GABAARs are modulated by neurosteroids, which have recently been developed as novel therapeutic agents for psychiatric disease. The synchronized activation of GABAARs through coordinated activity of …

Roles Of Cpsa And Slamf1 In The Innate Immune Response To Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Steven Grigsby

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), possesses an arsenal of virulence factors to evade host immunity. Not only is Mtb able to evade innate immunity, but adaptive immunity also often fails to adequately control Mtb infection. A mechanistic understanding of how Mtb establishes infection and evades immunity is critical to the development of a protective vaccine and novel therapeutics. The Mtb protein CpsA protects Mtb against the host NADPH oxidase and LC3-asociated phagocytosis of the innate immune system. Consequently, a ΔcpsA mutant is initially attenuated in vivo but eventually reaches the same bacterial burden in the lungs …

Genetic Regulation Of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis In Flower Color In Gilia, Veronica Mosquera

Theses and Dissertations

Gilia was the model species in this research to study the genetic regulation of flower color. I generated an F2 population from a cross of two closely related leafy-stemmed Gilia: G. capitata with blue and G. yorkii with white flowers, to obtain the fertile F1, which was selfed. The F2 population showed a segregation ratio between pigmented versus white flowers 3:1, suggesting a single locus with a major effect on the regulation of flower color. Then, the G. yorkii genome was assembled and annotated to become the reference genome to genotype-by-sequencing (GBS) 189 F2 individuals. The Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) …

Tel Tanninim, Azriel Sieglman, Shalom Yanklevitz

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.

Late Roman-Period Burial Complexes At Zippori, Adam Druks

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.