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Articles 12211 - 12240 of 255729

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Application Of Crispr/Cas System-Based Biosensors In Detection Of Foodborne Pathogens, Miao Zou, Jingyi Zeng, Dandan Zeng, Yuhan Fu, Xu Zhang, Bo Zhao, Tianlu Mo May 2025

Application Of Crispr/Cas System-Based Biosensors In Detection Of Foodborne Pathogens, Miao Zou, Jingyi Zeng, Dandan Zeng, Yuhan Fu, Xu Zhang, Bo Zhao, Tianlu Mo

Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

The CRISPR/Cas system can recognize foreign DNA,cut the target,and block or silence the expression of the foreign gene.Due to its precise targeting function,the CRISPR/Cas system has been developed as a highly efficient gene editing tool.With high specificity and operability,the CRISPR/Cas system has been combined with biosensors to improve the detection specificity and efficiency of the sensors.This review introduces the characteristics and applications of CRISPR/Cas system,analyzes the latest progress in the application of CRISPR/Cas system-based biosensors in the detection of foodborne pathogens,and summarizes and prospects the application of such biosensors.

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Antibiotic Resistance And Transmission Characteristics Of Enterococcus Faecalis From The Pork Production Chain In Hangzhou, Min Qian, Wei Zhou, Zhijin Zhou, Enbao Zhang, Jianzhong Han, Daofeng Qu May 2025

Antibiotic Resistance And Transmission Characteristics Of Enterococcus Faecalis From The Pork Production Chain In Hangzhou, Min Qian, Wei Zhou, Zhijin Zhou, Enbao Zhang, Jianzhong Han, Daofeng Qu

Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

[Objective ] This study aims to evaluate the antibiotic resistance and transmission risk of Enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis ) in the pork production chain.[Method ] A total of 300 samples were collected from the surface of live pigs,carcasses,and the environment in 2 pig farms,1 slaughterhouse,and 2 markets in Hangzhou,Zhejiang.The strain identification,antibiotic resistance phenotypes,resistance genotypes,and virulence genotypes were performed by 16S rDNA sequences,broth microdilution method (MIC ),and PCR.In addition,multilocus sequencing typing (MLST ) and conjugational transfer tests were conducted.[Result ] The 125 isolates of E.faecalis showed high resistance to antibiotics such as tiamulin,tetracycline,and doxycycline,and the isolates from pig farms showed higher antibiotic …

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Evaluation Of The Clinical Alleviation Effect Of Bacillus Coagulans Ccfm 1041 On Functional Constipation, Huahao Cai, Linlin Wang, Qingwei Yao, Xudan Shen, Xingxing Chen, Shumao Cui May 2025

Evaluation Of The Clinical Alleviation Effect Of Bacillus Coagulans Ccfm 1041 On Functional Constipation, Huahao Cai, Linlin Wang, Qingwei Yao, Xudan Shen, Xingxing Chen, Shumao Cui

Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

[Objective ] Functional constipation is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder caused by multiple factors,with a relatively high and increasing prevalence in China.Previous studies have found that Bacillus coagulans (B.coagulans )CCFM 1041 can alleviate symptoms of functional constipation in mice.[Method ] A double-blind,randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy of CCFM 1041 in relieving functional constipation.A total of 73 participants were observed for changes in constipation-related indicators,serum levels of gastrointestinal regulatory neurotransmitters,and gut microbiota before and after the intervention.[Result ] After taking CCFM 1041,84.2% of participants experienced increased bowel movement frequency,and 94.7% of participants showed improved stool consistency.Compared …

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Changes In Volatile Aldehydes Of Soymilk After Acid-Precipitation And Its Influencing Factors, Mapeizhan Lou, Caimeng Zhang, Xiangzhen Kong, Xingfei Li, Yeming Chen, Xiaoxiao Feng, Yufei Hua May 2025

Changes In Volatile Aldehydes Of Soymilk After Acid-Precipitation And Its Influencing Factors, Mapeizhan Lou, Caimeng Zhang, Xiangzhen Kong, Xingfei Li, Yeming Chen, Xiaoxiao Feng, Yufei Hua

Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

[Objective ] Acid precipitation,a common method in plant protein processing,can efficiently achieve protein enrichment and removal of non-protein components (including off-flavor substances ) on a large scale.This study aims to explore the causes for the abnormal increases in aldehydes of soymilk after acid precipitation.[Method ] Changes in volatile compounds of soymilk before and after acid precipitation were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GS-MS ).Soymilk components were fractionated by centrifugation,and the contributions of different fractions to the increases in aldehydes were investigated.The changes in the molar concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides before and after acid precipitation were determined,and a molar ratio between …

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Identification Of Honey Authenticity By Terahertz Spectroscopy, Luelue Huang, Zhiqi Wang, Miaoling Liu, Bin Li May 2025

Identification Of Honey Authenticity By Terahertz Spectroscopy, Luelue Huang, Zhiqi Wang, Miaoling Liu, Bin Li

Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

[Objective ] This study aims to identify honey authenticity by terahertz (THz) spectroscopy.[Method ] Different honey samples were analyzed by stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS ),and the results served as a reference for terahertz spectroscopy.The sample requirements and analytical conditions of terahertz spectroscopy were verified by comparing the results of these two methods.[Result ] Liquid honey samples exhibited no discernible absorption peaks.However,significant differences in refractive index were observed among samples.The presence of water in liquid honey,particularly at high levels,affected the refractive index,potentially leading to misjudgment.After removal of water from liquid honey via freeze-drying,terahertz attenuated total reflection was employed for …

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Effects Of Lactobacillus Plantarum Fermentation On Flavonoids And Organic Acids In Mango Juice, Ying Yang, Dongdong Yang, Li Li, Xuemei He, Dongqing Ye May 2025

Effects Of Lactobacillus Plantarum Fermentation On Flavonoids And Organic Acids In Mango Juice, Ying Yang, Dongdong Yang, Li Li, Xuemei He, Dongqing Ye

Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

[Objective ] This study aimed to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum (L.plantarum ) fermentation on the metabolism of flavonoids and organic acids in mango juice.[Method ] Six strains of L.plantarum were selected for fermentation of the juice samples from two mango varieties ‘Tainong' and ‘Guiqi'.The mass concentrations of organic acids and flavonoids in the juice samples were determined by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS ).Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis was employed to compare the metabolites in the mango juice samples fermented with different strains.[Result ] L.plantarum fermentation significantly enhanced the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC ) …

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Effects Of Palmitic Acid-Rich Diet On Tumor Growth And Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition In The Mouse Model Of Prostate Cancer, Jiayao Chen, Fengjiao Huang, Bingqian Sun, Yongquan Chen, Xiaoying Wang May 2025

Effects Of Palmitic Acid-Rich Diet On Tumor Growth And Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition In The Mouse Model Of Prostate Cancer, Jiayao Chen, Fengjiao Huang, Bingqian Sun, Yongquan Chen, Xiaoying Wang

Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

[Objective ] This study aims to explore the effect of palmitic acid (PA)-rich diet on prostate cancer (PCa) in mice.[Method ] The TCGA database and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to analyze the differential expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN ) between the PCa tissue and adjacent normal tissue.In addition,twelve nude mice were subcutaneously implanted with LNCaP cells and assigned into two groups.One group was fed a PA-rich diet,while the other group was fed a normal control (NC) diet.Twelve mice overexpressing the C-myc gene (C-mycT) were assigned into two groups and fed the same diets as the nude mice.The growth of …

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Metagenomic Analysis Of Microbial Community Structure And Functional Genes In Horse Milk From Northern Xinjiang, Gaoshaer Kayierhali, Zhiang Fu, Danhua Ouyang, Haini Bayinda, Bakhetgul Manatbay May 2025

Metagenomic Analysis Of Microbial Community Structure And Functional Genes In Horse Milk From Northern Xinjiang, Gaoshaer Kayierhali, Zhiang Fu, Danhua Ouyang, Haini Bayinda, Bakhetgul Manatbay

Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

[Objective ] Horse milk has a high nutritional value and a unique flavor,which are closely related to its complex microbial composition,and different geographical locations and climates will affect the microbial community structure of horse milk.This study aims to explore the effects of different geographical locations on the microbial community structure in horse milk.[Method ] Metagenomic technology was employed to analyze the microbial diversity of 14 batches of horse milk samples from 3 different regions in northern Xinjiang,and the functional genes were excavated.[Result ] A total of 26 species of microorganisms were identified,belonging to 9 phyla,14 classes,25 orders,28 families,and 45 genera.The …

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Effects Of Thermal Treatment On The Binding Ability Of Type I Collagen Toaroma Compounds Of Broth, Xiaolin Luo, Yi Yuan, Xiangyi Chen, Shutao Liu May 2025

Effects Of Thermal Treatment On The Binding Ability Of Type I Collagen Toaroma Compounds Of Broth, Xiaolin Luo, Yi Yuan, Xiangyi Chen, Shutao Liu

Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

[Objective ] This study aims to reveal the interactions between collagen and volatile compounds during the cooking process.[Method ] The relative molecular weight,particle size,solubility,secondary structure,and surface hydrophobicity of collagen and the droplet size of the collagen emulsion were studied.Furthermore,the binding ability of collagen to volatile compounds of the aqueous and emulsion systems of collagen was measured.[Result ] As the heating time was extended,the triple-helix structure of collagen was destroyed and the polypeptide chains were degraded,which were accompanied with the decrease in surface hydrophobicity,increase in solubility,and heat-induced aggregation.The binding ability of collagen to volatile compounds gradually decreased with the extension of …

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A Bitter Brew For Cancer: Egcg’S Impact On Ewing Sarcoma Cells, Lizzeth Holguin, Mary-Esther Leblanc, Mariana Reyes, Terry Jo Shackleford May 2025

A Bitter Brew For Cancer: Egcg’S Impact On Ewing Sarcoma Cells, Lizzeth Holguin, Mary-Esther Leblanc, Mariana Reyes, Terry Jo Shackleford

Cell and Molecular Methods

Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), a powerful antioxidant found in green tea, is an abundant treatment to treat Ewing Sarcoma cells, a pediatric cancer affecting the skeletal system. Given EGCG’s known role in other cancer treatments, these tests aim to investigate its effects as a standalone natural compound on Ewing Sarcoma cells. Focusing on the PI3K/AKT pathway, if the PI3K/AKT pathway is inhibited by EGCG, then it will lead to reduced cell survival and proliferation of EW8 cells. Using cell culture techniques, IncuCyte-based IC50 analysis, caspase 3/7, RNA purification, cDNA synthesis, and qRT-PCR, EGCG’s impact was assessed on cell apoptosis and gene …

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The Effect Of Epigallocatechin Gallate (Egcg) And Alpha L-Mangostin On Tp53, Bax, And Vim Gene Expression And Apoptosis In Ewing Sarcoma Cells, Victoria Valdez, Terry Jo Shackleford May 2025

The Effect Of Epigallocatechin Gallate (Egcg) And Alpha L-Mangostin On Tp53, Bax, And Vim Gene Expression And Apoptosis In Ewing Sarcoma Cells, Victoria Valdez, Terry Jo Shackleford

Cell and Molecular Methods

Ewing Sarcoma (ES) is a malignant pediatric bone tumor driven by chromosomal translocations and fusion oncogenes with limited targeted treatment options. This study investigated the chemopreventive potential of two natural compounds, Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) found in green tea, and Alpha L-Mangostin from mangosteen, on apoptosis and gene expression in ES cells. We hypothesized that EGCG and Alpha L-Mangostin treatment would induce apoptosis and downregulate cancer-promoting genes. To test this, we performed tissue culture, IC50 assays, caspase-based apoptosis detection, RNA purification, cDNA synthesis, and qRT-PCR on ES cell lines treated with a high and low concentration of the two compounds. Our …

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Molecular Crosstalk Of Transcription Factors And Hormones In Drought Tolerance Genes In Plants, Cengi̇z Kaya May 2025

Molecular Crosstalk Of Transcription Factors And Hormones In Drought Tolerance Genes In Plants, Cengi̇z Kaya

Turkish Journal of Botany

Water deficit is a critical challenge to global agricultural productivity and food security, which is exacerbated by climate change and increasing water scarcity. To withstand drought stress, plants employ a variety of molecular strategies driven by complex regulatory networks. This review examines the central role of transcription factors (TFs) as master regulators that activate drought responsive genes, which in turn mediate key adaptive processes such as osmoregulation, antioxidative defense, and membrane stability. A distinctive aspect of this review is its focus on the dynamic interplay between TFs and hormonal signaling pathways, including abscisic acid, ethylene, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid. …

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Natural Microbial Consortium Construction Strategy From Rhizospheric Agricultural Soils To Improve Wheat (Triticum Durum Desf.) Seedling Growth, Ni̇da Arslan, Mi̇ne Gül Şeker, Özlem Akkaya, Yelda Özden Çi̇ftçi̇ May 2025

Natural Microbial Consortium Construction Strategy From Rhizospheric Agricultural Soils To Improve Wheat (Triticum Durum Desf.) Seedling Growth, Ni̇da Arslan, Mi̇ne Gül Şeker, Özlem Akkaya, Yelda Özden Çi̇ftçi̇

Turkish Journal of Botany

Microbial consortia of compatible microorganisms play a key role in enhancing agricultural sustainability by optimizing nutrient uptake by promoting plant growth more effectively. This study aimed to identify local isolates with the most effective plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties and to form a consortium of isolates showing the optimal synergistic effect between plant and bacterial components to improve the growth of wheat plants. For this purpose, 48 isolates identified from 145 isolates were screened for their PGP activities. According to the results, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to identify the six isolates exhibiting the most promising activity. Different consortium groups …

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Taxonomic Revision Of Korean Salix Section Subviminales Based On Comparative Morphology And Complete Plastome Analysis, Young Moon Kim, Shukherdorj Baasanmunkh, Nudkhuu Nyamgerel, Won Seok Lee, Dong Chan Son, In Kyu Park, Bom Bi Jin, Hyo Sig Won, Hyeok Jae Choi May 2025

Taxonomic Revision Of Korean Salix Section Subviminales Based On Comparative Morphology And Complete Plastome Analysis, Young Moon Kim, Shukherdorj Baasanmunkh, Nudkhuu Nyamgerel, Won Seok Lee, Dong Chan Son, In Kyu Park, Bom Bi Jin, Hyo Sig Won, Hyeok Jae Choi

Turkish Journal of Botany

Salix section Subviminales, including only three species, is endemic to East Asia. In this study, we revised three species, S. gracilistyla, S. graciliglans, and S. blinii in Korea based on their plastomes and extensive morphological analyses to provide a comprehensive understanding of their taxonomic relationships. Based on our findings, we identified the morphological characteristics of S. blinii endemic to Korea, including its small size and distinct leaf shapes, which are well distinguished from both S. gracilistyla and S. graciliglans. Most of the morphological characteristics of S. gracilistyla and S. graciliglans overlapped, particularly leaf shape, floral structure, and growth habits. Next, …

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A New Species From Türkiye: Erigeron Akaydinii (Asteraceae), Batikan Günal, Gürkan Semi̇z, Sultan Akyol May 2025

A New Species From Türkiye: Erigeron Akaydinii (Asteraceae), Batikan Günal, Gürkan Semi̇z, Sultan Akyol

Turkish Journal of Botany

Erigeron akaydinii Günal & Semiz sp. nov., belonging to the Trimorpha Cass. (DC) section (Asteraceae), is described as a new species from Uludağ Mountain (Bursa, Türkiye). This study examines the diagnostic traits of E. akaydinii and related species, including morphological, palynological, and molecular analyses. Notes on the ecology, distribution, and conservation status of the new species are also provided, along with a diagnostic key for relevant taxa.

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Using Cutting Immersion To Apply Rooting Hormone For Propagation Of Camellia Japonica., Tanner R. Marlow, Richard L. Harkess May 2025

Using Cutting Immersion To Apply Rooting Hormone For Propagation Of Camellia Japonica., Tanner R. Marlow, Richard L. Harkess

Honors Theses

Few varieties of Camellia japonica have a high success rate in rooting cuttings. Once rooted, the subsequent growth rate is slow and differs by variety. This makes the commercial production of Camellia challenging. Previous research on C. japonica propagation confirms that using a basal cut dip in indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) is effective in rooting C. japonica. However, basal dip applications can be time-consuming. Foliar applications and total cutting immersion are more efficient methods of rooting hormone application, but they have not been thoroughly tested with Camellia. The objective of this research was to determine the effective IBA concentration applied as …

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Ecological Assessment Of Lentic Ecosystems In Ceyhan River Basin Using Phytoplankton Indices, Abuzer Çelekli̇, Emi̇ne Yonca Gümüş, Tolga Çeti̇n May 2025

Ecological Assessment Of Lentic Ecosystems In Ceyhan River Basin Using Phytoplankton Indices, Abuzer Çelekli̇, Emi̇ne Yonca Gümüş, Tolga Çeti̇n

Turkish Journal of Botany

Increasing exploitation of water resources has led to declining water quality in aquatic environments. Freshwater ecosystems face various environmental pressures, such as the impacts of climate change and intensifying land-use practices. This study aimed to assess the ecological preferences of phytoplankton communities and determine the ecological status (ES) of several reservoirs and lakes in Ceyhan River Basin across different seasons. A canonical correspondence analysis was conducted to understand the associations between phytoplankton assemblages and stressors in freshwater ecosystems, revealing a strong correlation of 97%. The factors that most influenced the distribution of phytoplankton species were electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, total …

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Turtle Creek Tree Restoration Project, Rebecca Beneroff, Risa Kanefsky, Max Dicerbo, Pj Newhart, Amanda Mitchell May 2025

Turtle Creek Tree Restoration Project, Rebecca Beneroff, Risa Kanefsky, Max Dicerbo, Pj Newhart, Amanda Mitchell

Final Reports in ENST 411: Environmental Community Projects

Over the course of this project our group members Rebecca, Max, PJ, Amanda, and Risa worked closely with Jim Knight and Brian Auman from Turtle Creek Park to help research, plan, and execute a tree transplanting event that would be efficiently implemented and environmentally sound. This work involved extensive preparatory work in the park including soil testing, bare leaf tree identification, tree and shrub species characterization, and recommendation. The entire process was rooted in the most up to date literature and scientific practices surrounding bare root tree nurseries, existing land management plans, invasive species and public park management, ecological succession, …

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Expanding Anatomy Academy In The Las Vegas Metropolitan Area: A Service Learning Project To Improve Childhood Health Through Supplemental Educational Sessions, Alekzander Hall, Brandon Paige, Marlee Parkin, David Sanchez May 2025

Expanding Anatomy Academy In The Las Vegas Metropolitan Area: A Service Learning Project To Improve Childhood Health Through Supplemental Educational Sessions, Alekzander Hall, Brandon Paige, Marlee Parkin, David Sanchez

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Childhood obesity is a growing epidemic in the United States, with approximately 18.5% of US children presenting with obesity. High levels of obesity are less common in higher income communities, but increasingly more prevalent in lower income communities. Currently in Clark County, Nevada, more specifically in lower socioeconomic communities and Title I schools within the Las Vegas area, there is an opportunity to educate students about the components of a healthier lifestyle to provide children with the tools to improve their health. Anatomy Academy (AA) is an eight-week health education program that was created to teach fourth and fifth grade …

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Genome-Wide Association Of Gene Regions Controlling Selenium And Magnesium Accumulation In Walnuts (Juglans Regia L.), İrem Büyükalgan, Bülent Yağmur, Erdal Orman, Muhammed Bahatti̇n Tanyolaç, Duygu Ateş May 2025

Genome-Wide Association Of Gene Regions Controlling Selenium And Magnesium Accumulation In Walnuts (Juglans Regia L.), İrem Büyükalgan, Bülent Yağmur, Erdal Orman, Muhammed Bahatti̇n Tanyolaç, Duygu Ateş

Turkish Journal of Botany

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is one of the most economically important species. It is of great importance to the food industry due to its nutritional value, and high content of many beneficial components such as macro and microelements. In the current study, the aim was to determine markers of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with the gene(s) controlling the accumulation of Selenium (Se) and Magnesium (Mg) in walnuts. Se and Mg concentrations were measured in 154 genotypes of Juglans regia in 2021 and 2022. A total of 16,473 SNP markers were used for association mapping to analyze the marker-trait associations. …

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A New Coralloid Arecoid Palm Root Mat From The Deccan Intertrappean Beds Of India And Its Significance, Sanchita Kumar, Robert Spicer, Mahasin Ali Khan May 2025

A New Coralloid Arecoid Palm Root Mat From The Deccan Intertrappean Beds Of India And Its Significance, Sanchita Kumar, Robert Spicer, Mahasin Ali Khan

Turkish Journal of Botany

A new fossil-species of coralloid palm root mat under the organ genus Rhizopalmoxylon is reported from the latest Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) to earliest Danian (Early Palaeocene) sediments (c. 66–65Ma) of the Deccan Intertrappean Beds of Madhya Pradesh, Central India. The significant anatomical attributes, specifically an exodermis comprising 2–4 layered parenchymatous cells; a 5–8 layered homogeneous outer cortex, a highly lacunate inner cortex central diffuse layer of aerenchyma with well-developed radially elongated cells arranged in 2–4 rows, and a stele consisting of radial and exarch vascular bundles with proto and metaxylem strands reveal its close resemblance to root mats of extant …

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Complete Genome Analyses Of A Novel Narlivirus Identified In The Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Amanita Vidua, Ilgaz Akata, Eda Kumru, Gülce Edi̇ş, Ertuğrul Kaya, Ergi̇n Şahi̇n May 2025

Complete Genome Analyses Of A Novel Narlivirus Identified In The Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Amanita Vidua, Ilgaz Akata, Eda Kumru, Gülce Edi̇ş, Ertuğrul Kaya, Ergi̇n Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Botany

The widespread utilisation of deep sequencing has dramatically enhanced and revolutionised our understanding of virus diversity, particularly in complex environments such as soil and biological samples. This research explored mycovirus sequence analyses in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Amanita vidua, utilising deep sequencing alongside total double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) extractions. Our investigation unveiled a unique member of the proposed family, Narliviridae, designated as Amanita vidua narlivirus 1 (AvNV1), in an A. vidua specimen. AvNV1, classified under Amabiliviricetes, possesses a distinct genome structure and sequence attributes. T horough analyses indicated that AvNV1 exhibits sequence similarities with other mycoviruses from the proposed family Narliviridae and …

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Unveiling The Physical Interaction Between Gsnor1 And Trx-H Isoforms, Anika Tabassum, Gary J. Loake May 2025

Unveiling The Physical Interaction Between Gsnor1 And Trx-H Isoforms, Anika Tabassum, Gary J. Loake

Turkish Journal of Botany

This study aims to investigate any possible interaction between two highly conserved regulators of cellular SNO levels: S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR1) and thioredoxin (TRX). These two enzymes control global S-nitrosylation levels and thus impact the cellular redox state during immune responses. A mutant line (Δtrx1trx2sfa1) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MaV203 strain was generated to explore this possibility rather than using a classical strain. We identified and characterized the physical interaction between GSNOR1 and Arabidopsis cytosolic h isoforms in a yeast two-hybrid screen. Out of the seven TRX isoforms, AtGSNOR1 displayed a high interaction with AtTRXh3, AtTRXh4, and AtTRXh5 (AtTRXh5>AtTRXh4 & AtTRXh3). …

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Peripheral Neuroimmune Mechanisms Of Chronic Back Pain, Aleyah Esther Goins May 2025

Peripheral Neuroimmune Mechanisms Of Chronic Back Pain, Aleyah Esther Goins

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Chronic back pain (CBP) affects 1 in 10 people worldwide, reducing mobility, productivity, and quality of life. Despite its prevalence, non-addictive treatments remain limited due to an incomplete understanding of chronic pain mechanisms. This dissertation examines peripheral neuroimmune interactions in CBP using a urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)-induced mouse model (uPA-CBP). uPA, a pro-inflammatory serine protease, was injected into the L2/L3 lumbar spinous ligament, inducing prolonged mechanical and cold hypersensitivity. Flow cytometry of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) showed increased CD45+CD11b+ myeloid cells in males and CD45+CD3+CD4+ lymphocytes in females. DRG neurons from male uPA-CBP mice exhibited heightened action potential firing. Pharmacological …

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The Effects Of Sugar Alcohols On The Growth Of Cariogenic Bacteria, Jake Sanders Boone May 2025

The Effects Of Sugar Alcohols On The Growth Of Cariogenic Bacteria, Jake Sanders Boone

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to examine the potential of sugar alcohols, commonly used as sugar substitutes to reduce the activity of dental caries causing bacteria. Specifically, the sugar alcohols xylitol, erythritol, sorbitol, and mannitol were placed into the growth media of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus. The effects on their bacterial growth were observed. 10% xylitol, 10% erythritol, 10% sorbitol, 10% mannitol, 5% xylitol + 5% erythritol, and 3.3% erythritol + 3.3% xylitol + 3.3% sorbitol combinations were compared to the control groups for differences in bacterial growth. S. mutans samples were significantly inhibited by all groups except …

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Targeting The Beiging Of Muscle-Associated Adipose Tissue To Promote Muscle Regeneration, Jacob C. Parson May 2025

Targeting The Beiging Of Muscle-Associated Adipose Tissue To Promote Muscle Regeneration, Jacob C. Parson

WUSM Theses and Dissertations – All Programs

The expansion of intra-muscular adipose tissue (IMAT) between myofibers and epi-muscular adipose tissue (EMAT) outside of the muscle boundary accompanies numerous pathologies including diabetes, muscular dystrophy, and aging. IMAT and EMAT are anatomically juxtaposed to myofibers. Some evidence supports that IMAT and EMAT impede muscle function. This is potentially due to paracrine factors that are secreted by IMAT/EMAT. Different adipose depots can be classified in numerous ways including where they are located anatomically as well as the factors in which they secrete. Unlike classical white fat, adipose depots classified as brown or beige, noted by the marker uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) …

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Quick And Easy Method For The Determination Of Cocaine And Six Metabolites In Postmortem Hair, Samantha C. Mulkeen May 2025

Quick And Easy Method For The Determination Of Cocaine And Six Metabolites In Postmortem Hair, Samantha C. Mulkeen

Student Theses

Hair testing is increasing in popularity in toxicology because of its long window of detection and ease of collection and sample storage. However, it has its limitations largely due to external contamination of drugs. In particular, cocaine (COC) is a common offender of this as it has several routes of consumption. Analyzing metabolites of COC may be the key to distinguishing between consumption and external contamination. The aim of the present study was to develop a quick, easy, and sensitive method for the detection and quantification of COC, benzoylecgonine (BE), norcocaine (NCOC), cocaethylene (CE), anhydroecgonine methyl ester (AEME), meta-hydroxy-cocaine (m-OH-COC), …

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Dna Extraction And Species Determination Of Historic Museum Pelt Samples, Selin Ates May 2025

Dna Extraction And Species Determination Of Historic Museum Pelt Samples, Selin Ates

Student Theses

The identity of the fur covering the sculpture named Object in the Museum of Modern Art has remained a mystery since its creation in 1936 by Meret Oppenheim. DNA testing can possibly provide an answer, but to preserve the integrity of the sculpture, only a very small piece of the fur can be sampled. Prior to testing Object, testing using museum samples was performed to determine whether DNA of a sufficient quantity and quality can be extracted and sequenced. Several DNA extraction and sample washing methods were tested to examine the effects on the DNA of museum pelts aged …

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Microbial Biodiversity Of The James River Rock Pool Ecosystem., Jordan C. Heydt May 2025

Microbial Biodiversity Of The James River Rock Pool Ecosystem., Jordan C. Heydt

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Rock pools are ephemeral aquatic environments that offer a unique opportunity to study complex communities and their responses to environmental changes. The urban James River rock pool system consists of over 700 individual rock pools varying in size and depth. This unique urban freshwater ecosystem has been studied for its invertebrate, plant, and zooplankton populations but not for its microbial community composition. To fill that gap, the microbial community of this system was characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the influence of environmental variables on the community composition was analyzed. Our findings show variation in microbial community composition across …

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The Influence Of Intrinsic Foot Muscles In Modulating Foot Shape Relative To Substrate And The Efficacy Of Different Strengthening Approaches, Luke R. Lotsis May 2025

The Influence Of Intrinsic Foot Muscles In Modulating Foot Shape Relative To Substrate And The Efficacy Of Different Strengthening Approaches, Luke R. Lotsis

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Cross-sloped surfaces create an asymmetrical substrate for foot contact, introducing a slip force within the transverse plane and a gravitational pull within the coronal plane that increases the tendency to topple downslope. To maintain stability, the foot must make structural adjustments across the hindfoot, midfoot, forefoot, and hallux. In chapter 1, I investigated how IFMs respond to varying substrate conditions and balance demands, providing insight into their functional role in maintaining stability and adapting foot structure in static and dynamic locomotor tasks. Twenty-four healthy adults participated in a series of dynamic walking trials on flat, cross-sloped and sandy substrates and …

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