Aerospace Engineering Commons^™

Process Monitoring Of Glass Reinforced Polypropylene Laminates Using Fiber Bragg Gratings, M. Mulle, H. Wafai, A. Yudhanto, G. Lubineau, R. Yaldiz, W. Schijve, N. Verghese

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Hot-press molding of glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene (GFPP) laminates was monitored using longitudinally and transversely embedded fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) at different locations in unidirectional laminates. The optical sensors proved to efficiently characterize some material properties; for example, strain variations could be related physical change of the laminate, revealing key transition points such as the onset of melt or solidification. These results were confirmed through some comparison with traditional techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry. After the GFPP plate was released from the mold, residual strains were estimated. Because cooling rate is an important process parameter in thermoplastics, affecting crystallinity and ultimately …

Tu-Pod: Deployment Mechanism & Antenna Mounting, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Tu-POD: Deployment Mechanism & Antenna Mounting" from February 8, 2016.

Off The Lip Conference - Transdisciplinary Approaches To Cognitive Innovation. Conference Proceedings, Sue Denham, Michael Punt, Edith Doove, Martha Blassnigg, Raluca Briazu, Kathryn Francis, Agi Haynes, Guy Edmonds, Adam Benjamin, Matthew Emmett, Iris Garrelfs, Christopher B. Germann, Joanna Griffin, Diane Humphrey, Bryanna Lucyk, Christie Purchase, Rachel Sansone, Emily Baxter, Amy Ione, Frank Loesche, Abigail Jackson, Alexis Kirke, Eduardo Miranda, Luke Rendell, Simon Ingram, Yutaka Nakamura, Gi Taek Ryoo, Eugenia Stamboliev, Michael Straeubig, Chun-Wei Hsu, Pinar Oztop, Mihaela Taranu, Sundar Sarukkai, James Sweeting, Minami Hirayama

Off the Lip Conference - Transdisciplinary Approaches to Cognitive Innovation

The promise of cognitive innovation as a collaborative project in the sciences, arts and humanities is that we can approach creativity as a bootstrapping cognitive process in which the energies that shape the poem are necessarily indistinguishable from those that shape the poet. For the purposes of this conference the exploration of the idea of cognitive innovation concerns an understanding of creativity that is not exclusively concerned with conscious human thought and action but also as intrinsic to our cognitive development. As a consequence, we see the possibility for cognitive innovation to provide a theoretical and practical platform from which …

Dynamic Transverse Debondong Of A Single S-2 Fiber, Stephen E. Levine

Open Access Theses

Fiber reinforced composites are becoming increasingly common due to their high strength to weight ratios as compared to more conventional materials. Along with this increased used comes the need to have a higher level of understanding of the material characteristics. Specifically, the interface between the fiber and matrix is of particular interest. Loss of adhesion at this interface, known as debonding, can greatly decrease material strength. There has been significant research into debdonding phenomena at low strain rates. However, there is still a need for further insight at higher strain rates. In addition, given the opacity of many epoxy resins, …

Error-Compensation Method For Inclination Measurement Under The Influence Of The Dynamic Interference, Yanshun Zhang, Yajing Guo, Kui Li, Chaoying Pei, Ming Li

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

To deal with the problem of the inclination measurement errors caused by the dynamic motions, such as rotational and accelerated rectilinear components, this paper puts forward an effective inclination measurement scheme and the corresponding error-compensation method based on one accelerometer and two gyroscopes. In addition, the principal prototype of the dynamic inclination measurement apparatus is set up to conduct experiments of turntable rotation test, trolley test, and the turntable sway test at different inclined angles, thus verifying the feasibility of the error-compensation method under the effects of the rotational motion, accelerated rectilinear motion or both motions at the same time. …

Tu-Pod: Safety Review, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Tu-POD: Safety Review" from February of 2016.

Lift & Drag Reductions On Iced Wings During Take Off And Landing With Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Ian R. Mcandrew

Publications

This research paper addresses an novel problem that has not been addressed in detail for many decades. Ice formation on aircraft has procedures and protocols to deal with expected and actual problems. Complex modern aircraft are equipped with a variety of techniques to remove Ice formation on an aircraft, especially the wings. The introduction of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles has added an old problem, that of low speed and the lack of power to overcome losses in lift through ice formation. In this research the different types of Ice formation, how they combine and affect Lift and Drag are also addresses …

Growth Control Of Oxygen Stoichiometry In Homoepitaxial Srtio3 Films By Pulsed Laser Epitaxy In High Vacuum, Ho Nyung Lee, Sung S. Ambrose Seo, Woo Seok Choi, Christopher M. Rouleau

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

In many transition metal oxides, oxygen stoichiometry is one of the most critical parameters that plays a key role in determining the structural, physical, optical, and electrochemical properties of the material. However, controlling the growth to obtain high quality single crystal films having the right oxygen stoichiometry, especially in a high vacuum environment, has been viewed as a challenge. In this work, we show that, through proper control of the plume kinetic energy, stoichiometric crystalline films can be synthesized without generating oxygen defects even in high vacuum. We use a model homoepitaxial system of SrTiO₃ (STO) thin films on …

Determining The Runway Point-Of-No-Return For Landing Roll Go-Around In Transport Category Airplanes, Nihad E. Daidzic

Aviation Department Publications

No abstract provided.

Early Afternoon Concurrent Panel Sessions: Commercial Space Industry Snapshot: Presentation: Small Catapult-Assisted Horizontal-Launch Reusable Rbcc Ssto Spaceplane For Economical Short-Duration Leo Access, Nihad E. Daidzic,

Aviation / Aeronautics / Aerospace International Research Conference

This article discusses the conceptual design, flight trajectory calculations, and utilization of the possible future horizontally-launched reusable Single-Stage-to-Orbit (SSTO) spaceplane for small payload short-duration manned/unmanned access to Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO). The 10,000 lb spaceplane would use 5,000 ft catapult-assist horizontal-launch facility and conduct powered approach and landing on conventional horizontal paved runways following the gliding atmospheric re-entry. To increase the economy of operation, the launch facility located at high elevations (4,000+ ft) equatorial region is required, such as, the plateaus in Kenya and Tanzania in Africa and/or Ecuador in South America. A 500-lb payload, including pilot-commander, is envisioned. The propulsion cycle …

Apollo 13: The Longest Hour, Sy Libergot

ERAU Prescott Aviation History Program

The epic story of Apollo 13 is well known, but hear the inside details from the NASA flight controller who was on duty when the unthinkable happened. Author of Apollo EECOM, Journey of a Lifetime, Sy Libergot’s space experience began in 1966 and spanned the entire Apollo Lunar Program; Skylab; the Apollo-Soyuz project; early Shuttle and even the International Space Station, but Apollo 13 would become the unwelcome highlight of his flight controller career. Don’t miss this exciting talk by the man who was at the console when it all happened.

Design And Development Of The Sunswift Eve Solar Vehicle: World's Fastest Long-Range Electric Car, Sam Paterson, Pujith Vijayaratnam, Charith Perera, Graham Doig

Aerospace Engineering

The Sunswift project of the University of New South Wales, Australia, exists to provide university students with a multi-disciplinary engineering challenge, enhancing the true educational value of their degree with a unique hands-on real-world experience of creating solar–electric hybrid vehicles. The design and development of the low-drag ‘solar supercar’ Sunswift eVe car are described here, detailing the student-led process from initial concept sketches to the completed performance vehicle. eVe was designed to demonstrate the potential of effective solar integration into a practical passenger-carrying vehicle. It is a two-seater vehicle with an on-body solar array area of 4 m² and …

Interactions Of Shock Tube Exhaust Flows With Laminar And Turbulent Flames, Joel E.C. Chan, Paul M. Giannuzzi, Kaveh R. Kabir, Michael J. Hargather, Graham Doig

Aerospace Engineering

The interactions of flow features emitting from open-ended shock tubes with free-standing propane flames have been investigated using high-speed schlieren imaging and high-frequency pressure measurements, with additional data from validated numerical modeling. Both compressed air-driven interactions with non-pre-mixed laminar diffusion flames (small-scale) and explosively-driven interactions with turbulent non-pre-mixed turbulent flames (large-scale) were tested for various flame locations and shock tube stagnation pressures (and therefore Mach numbers). In the small-scale tests it was observed that the flames were not significantly influenced by the passage of either the initial shock if placed close to the tube exit, or the weaker pressure waves …

A New Type Of Wind Tunnel For The Evaluation Of Curved Motion, James Keogh, Tracie Barber, Sammy Diasinos, Graham Doig

Aerospace Engineering

While aerodynamic analysis of the flow conditions during cornering can be an important design parameter for applications such as automobiles, vessels, and highly maneuverable aircraft, it can be difficult to simulate. This type of motion requires controlled and repeatable flow curvature, relative to the model. A new design to allow experimental testing for this condition has been developed, and by testing in a non-inertial reference frame, flow curvature is achieved in the absence of a static pressure gradient. Initial results have demonstrated the ability of the concept to produce the correct flowfield and the new design offers potential for new …

Effect Of Spalled Particles Thermal Degradation On A Hypersonic Flow Field Environment, Raghava S. C. Davuluri, Huaibao Zhang, Alexandre Martin

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Two-way coupling is performed between a spallation code and a hypersonic aerothermodynamics CFD solver to evaluate the effect of spalled particles on the flow field. Time accurate solutions are computed in argon and air flow fields. A single particle simulations and multiple particles simulations are performed and studied. The results show that the carbon vapor released by spalled particles tend to change the composition of the flow field, particularly the upstream region of the shock.

Informative Spectral Bands For Remote Green Lai Estimation In C3 And C4 Crops, Oz Kira, Anthony L. Nguy-Robertson, Timothy J. Arkebauer, Raphael Linker, Anatoly A. Gitelson

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Green leaf area index (LAI) provides insight into the productivity, physiological and phenological status of vegetation. Measurement of spectral reflectance offers a fast and nondestructive estimation of green LAI. A number of methods have been used for the estimation of green LAI; however, the specific spectral bands employed varied widely among the methods and data used. Our objectives were (i) to find informative spectral bands retained in three types of methods, neural network (NN), partial least squares (PLS) regression and vegetation indices (VI), for estimating green LAI in maize (a C4 species) and soybean (a C3 species); (ii) to assess …

General Solution Of The Wind Triangle Problem And The Critical Tailwind Angle, Nihad E. Daidzic

Aviation Department Publications

A general analytical solution of the navigational wind-triangle problem and the calculation of the critical tailwind angle are presented in this study among other findings. Any crosswind component will effectively create a headwind component on fixed course tracks. The meaning of a route track is lost with excessive crosswinds representing the bifurcation point between the possible and the impossible navigational solutions. Any wind of constant direction and speed will effectively reduce groundspeed and increase time-of-flight on closed-loop multi-segment flights. Effective wind track component consists, in general, of true and induced components. The average groundspeed of multiple-leg flights is a harmonic …

Drone Journalism Lab Operations Manual, Matt Waite, Ben Kreimer

College of Journalism and Mass Communications: Faculty Publications

This text is a guide for safely conducting drone journalism field work. It takes into account America's current drone regulations, our understanding of the public's acceptance of drones, the state of drone technologies, and our own experiences. The number one goal of any drone journalism operation is safety. At no time should safety be compromised. If there is any doubt, return the drone, also known as an unmanned aerial system (UAS), to the landing zone and terminate the flight. Ethical journalism is responsible journalism, and flying a drone means taking responsibility for the safety of those near you, on the …

Development Of Cloud-Based Uav Monitoring And Management System, Mason Itkin, Mihui Kim, Younghee Park

Faculty Publications

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are an emerging technology with the potential to revolutionize commercial industries and the public domain outside of the military. UAVs would be able to speed up rescue and recovery operations from natural disasters and can be used for autonomous delivery systems (e.g., Amazon Prime Air). An increase in the number of active UAV systems in dense urban areas is attributed to an influx of UAV hobbyists and commercial multi-UAV systems. As airspace for UAV flight becomes more limited, it is important to monitor and manage many UAV systems using modern collision avoidance techniques. In this paper, …

Aerodynamic Modeling Of Nrel 5-Mw Wind Turbine For Nonlinear Control System Design: A Case Study Based On Real-Time Nonlinear Receding Horizon Control, Pedro A. Galvani, Fei Sun, Kamran Turkoglu

Faculty Publications

The work presented in this paper has two major aspects: (i) investigation of a simple, yet efficient model of the NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) 5-MW reference wind turbine; (ii) nonlinear control system development through a real-time nonlinear receding horizon control methodology with application to wind turbine control dynamics. In this paper, the results of our simple wind turbine model and a real-time nonlinear control system implementation are shown in comparison with conventional control methods. For this purpose, the wind turbine control problem is converted into an optimization problem and is directly solved by the nonlinear backwards sweep Riccati method …

A Comprehensive Methodology For Design Of A Circulation Control Small-Scale Unmanned Aircraft, Konstantinos Kanistras

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become increasingly prevalent and important for a wide spectrum of civilian and military operations. When focusing on small-scale fixed-wing UAVs, payload, power and energy requirements limit considerably their utilization and flexibility allowing them to complete only those specific missions they are designed for. Circulation Control (CC) is an active flow control method used to produce increased lift over the traditional systems (flaps, slats, etc...) currently in use. This dissertation focuses on the foundations of a comprehensive methodology from design to implementation and experimental testing of Coanda-based Circulation Control Wings (CCW) for unmanned aircraft. The …

Mechanical And Aerospace Engineering, 2015-2016, College Of Engineering And Applied Sciences

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering News

• Letter from the Department Chair
• New Faculty
• Student Success
• University NanoSatellite Program P-Spec Mission
• WALI Student Opportunities
• Study of Blind Cane Vibration

Use Of A Small Unmanned Aerial System For The Sr-530 Mudslide Incident Near Oso, Washington, Robin Murphy, Brittany Duncan, Tyler Collins, Justin Kendrick, Patrick Lohman, Tamara Palmer, Frank Sanborn

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

The Center for Robot-Assisted Search and Rescue deployed three commercially available small unmanned aerial systems (SUASs)—an AirRobot AR100B quadrotor, an Insitu Scan Eagle, and a PrecisionHawk Lancaster—to the 2014 SR-530 Washington State mudslides. The purpose of the flights was to allow geologists and hydrologists to assess the eminent risk of loss of life to responders from further slides and flooding, as well as to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the event. The AirRobot AR100B in conjunction with PrecisionHawk postprocessing software created two-dimensional (2D) and 3D reconstructions of the inaccessible “moonscape” region of the slide and provided engineers with a …

Shield: Shotgun Interdiction Of Enemy Low-Flying Drones, Space Dynamics Laboratory

Space Dynamics Laboratory Publications

When conventional disruption and neutralization methods fail, it’s time to choose a kinetic solution. SHIELD is a preliminary concept for an automatic, state-of-the art kinetic defense system. Drones can be eliminated at ranges up to 100 meters. The SHIELD weapon system design consists of an ultra-reliable, high-capacity, semiautomatic shotgun with tungsten shot. This weapon system is coupled with precision pointing, target tracking, and real-time ballistics, ensuring high first-round hit probability. Battle-network capable, SHIELD can perform slew-to-cue operations and cue other networked systems.

Celis: Compact Eyesafe Lidar System, Space Dynamics Laboratory

Space Dynamics Laboratory Publications

SDL has developed a novel Compact Eyesafe Lidar System (CELiS) designed to monitor airborne particulate matter (PM) emissions. It uses a 1.57 µm wavelength commercial laser, an 8 inch off-axis parabolic mirror, and a 200 µm diameter InGaAs avalanche photodetector (APD). The laser, mirror, and APD are mounted on a carbon fiber breadboard and housed in an environmentally-sealed housing. CELiS can operate over an 80°C temperature range with an optical path change of only 100 µm.

Rdg: Remote Door Gunner, Space Dynamics Laboratory

Space Dynamics Laboratory Publications

Leveraging decades of experience in precision optical and spacecraft pointing systems, SDL developed the Remote Door Gunner (RDG) system, a M240/M134 door gunner station. RDG was designed for operation inside a UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter.

Calibration Considerations For A Reduced-Timeline Optimized Approach For Vnir Earth-Orbiting Satellites, Zachary Bergen, Joe Tansock

Space Dynamics Laboratory Publications

With the increasing number of commercial satellite constellations launching, the need for calibration remains as relevant as ever. Some of these instruments are built with COTS optical components and, given the number and need for timely calibration, a flexible, dynamic, and streamlined approach is necessary for reproducibility, regression testing, adaptability, and high-quality image data. We present a use case for a commercial VNIR payload and demonstrate techniques and a storyboard of our experience. We ran a calibration campaign on a 100” focal length telescope assembled in a payload of approximate 50kg containing a commercial Bayer pattern camera of medium resolution …

Design And Use Of The Ionospheric Connection Explorer Payload Mockup, Burt Lamborn, John Elwell, Andy Little, William Craig, Rich Rynders, Eric Moulton

Space Dynamics Laboratory Publications

The Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) satellite contains six science instruments that are integrated into a small volume on a single payload interface plate (PIP). Integrating these six instruments onto a single deck was challenging and complex in part due to their different physical configurations. After investigating various methods of reducing integration schedule and risk, an innovative approach of creating a high-fidelity full-scale mockup using 3D printed parts was chosen to address these concerns. This mockup included all instruments, the PIP, and associated harnessing, plumbing, and blanketing components. While the mockup integration effort yielded invaluable information for the flight payload integration, …

Di2e: Defense Intelligence Information Enterprise, Space Dynamics Laboratory

Space Dynamics Laboratory Publications

The rising demand for rapid intelligence software solutions combined with limited Government funding has highlighted the need for an organized process to use resources more efficiently. The solution needed to leverage existing capabilities to meet mission needs and ensure that defense intelligence information flows seamlessly across enterprise boundaries. In response, as a Government initiative, the NRO and AFRL developed the Defense Intelligence Information Enterprise (DI2E) framework as a solution to promote intelligence software asset reuse where possible.

Geolocation Of Diseased Leaves In Strawberry Orchards For A Custom-Designed Octorotor, Christian Garcia

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, technological advances have shown a strive for more automated processes in agriculture, as seem with the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with onboard sensors in many applications, including disease detection and yield prediction. In this thesis, an octorotor UAV is presented that was designed, built, and flight tested, with features that are custom-designed for strawberry orchard disease detection. To further automate the disease scouting operation, geolocation, or the process of determining global position coordinates of identified diseased regions based on images taken, is investigated. A Kalman filter is designed, based on a linear measurement model derived …