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Full-Text Articles in Aerospace Engineering

Estimation Of Unmeasurable External Disturbances Of A Dynamic Object Based On A Robust Adaptive Kalman Filter, Bunyod Mamurjon Ugli Buronov Oct 2026

Estimation Of Unmeasurable External Disturbances Of A Dynamic Object Based On A Robust Adaptive Kalman Filter, Bunyod Mamurjon Ugli Buronov

Technical science and innovation

This article considers the problem of directly estimating unmeasurable external disturbances acting on a dynamic object under the condition that the state vector of the object is available for measurement. In the considered case, the problem is reduced to the estimation of an unknown input of a dynamic system. It is shown that when the system state is measurable, both a direct inversion scheme based on the object’s dynamic equation and filtering methods that eliminate the need for coarse numerical differentiation can be applied. For slowly varying disturbances, a random walk model with a small process noise covariance is proposed, …


Satellite-Based Detection And Preliminary Flux Estimation Of The 2024 Boysun Methane Blowout Event In Uzbekistan, Shomurod Bakhtiyor Ugli Turaev, Dilbar Shamurodovna Fazilova, Aziz Nigmanovich Kazakov Oct 2026

Satellite-Based Detection And Preliminary Flux Estimation Of The 2024 Boysun Methane Blowout Event In Uzbekistan, Shomurod Bakhtiyor Ugli Turaev, Dilbar Shamurodovna Fazilova, Aziz Nigmanovich Kazakov

Technical science and innovation

Estimating accidental methane emissions from gas fields remains a difficult task, especially in remote mountainous areas where continuous ground-based observations are not available. This study examines the uncontrolled gas blowout that occurred in 2024 at the “Mustaqillikning 25-yilligi” gas-condensate field in Boysun district, Uzbekistan. Changes in methane content were analyzed using Sentinel-5P TROPOMI data for August–November 2024, processed in Google Earth Engine (GEE). The location of the accident site was refined using Sentinel-2 optical imagery, while ERA5 wind speed and direction data were applied for the preliminary calculation of methane flux. Based on the XCH₄ time series, four stages of …


Evaluation Of The Metrological Characteristics Of An Ultrasonic Flowmeter For Water Resources, Makhsud Idrisovich Makhmudov, Uktam Farkhodovich Mamirov, Siroj Sobirovich Nurov Oct 2026

Evaluation Of The Metrological Characteristics Of An Ultrasonic Flowmeter For Water Resources, Makhsud Idrisovich Makhmudov, Uktam Farkhodovich Mamirov, Siroj Sobirovich Nurov

Technical science and innovation

This paper presents the results of evaluating the metrological characteristics of a developed ultrasonic flowmeter intended for measuring water flow in open channels. The study analyzes the main sources of measurement errors and classifies them into methodological, instrumental, additional, systematic, and random components. Experimental investigations were carried out to estimate the random and systematic errors under steady-state flow conditions. Using the least-squares method, the systematic error was separated into additive and multiplicative components, providing a basis for calibration and correction of the measurement results. The reliability of the developed measuring instrument was evaluated using the failure rate method based on …


Mathematical Modelling Of Nitrification And Denitrification Processes Based On Neuro-Fuzzy Bioreactor Models, Mirkhalil Agzamovich Ismailov, Boburbek Zokirjon Ugli Mannobjonov Oct 2026

Mathematical Modelling Of Nitrification And Denitrification Processes Based On Neuro-Fuzzy Bioreactor Models, Mirkhalil Agzamovich Ismailov, Boburbek Zokirjon Ugli Mannobjonov

Technical science and innovation

This paper presents the development and investigation of hybrid neural network and fuzzy models for the mathematical modelling of nitrification and denitrification processes in a biological wastewater treatment bioreactor. A comprehensive approach is proposed, integrating a mechanistic model of the ASM1/ASM2d type with neural networks (LSTM and Gaussian Process Regression), as well as a fuzzy control system based on an extended set of expert rules. A digital twin of the bioreactor was developed to allow for the prediction of the dynamic behavior of key parameters such as NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, dissolved oxygen, etc. within a prediction range of 1 to 12 …


Analysis And Optimization Of Intelligent Control Of The Drying Process Under Uncertainty, Azizbek Nodirbekovich Yusupbekov, Marufjon Kobuljonovich Shodiev, Khusniddin Mamarasul Ugli Esonov Oct 2026

Analysis And Optimization Of Intelligent Control Of The Drying Process Under Uncertainty, Azizbek Nodirbekovich Yusupbekov, Marufjon Kobuljonovich Shodiev, Khusniddin Mamarasul Ugli Esonov

Technical science and innovation

This section proposes a multi-criteria Pareto-optimization algorithm, integrated with Herbert Simon's four-stage decision-making scheme (Intelligence–Design–Choice–Implementation) and an ANFIS-based adaptive controller, for simultaneously optimizing the mutually conflicting quality, energy, and time criteria of the wheat-drying process. The algorithm for constructing the set of Pareto-optimal solutions and selecting the compromise solution closest to the ideal point is presented step by step. The implementation of the ANFIS controller in the MATLAB/Simulink environment is comprehensively verified through a simulation block diagram, the Rule Viewer, the Surface Viewer, the training error-function graph, the RMSE convergence graph, and a learning-curve analysis. Training was carried out on …


Evaluation Of Level Measurement Uncertainty For Three Types Of Laser Level Meters Using The Gum Methodology: Calculated Uncertainty Budgets, Uncertainty Profile, And Hardware Component Requirements, Lazizbek Furkatjanovich Saidoripov, Barat Makhmudovich Akhmedov Oct 2026

Evaluation Of Level Measurement Uncertainty For Three Types Of Laser Level Meters Using The Gum Methodology: Calculated Uncertainty Budgets, Uncertainty Profile, And Hardware Component Requirements, Lazizbek Furkatjanovich Saidoripov, Barat Makhmudovich Akhmedov

Technical science and innovation

A methodology is presented for evaluating the uncertainty of liquid petroleum product level measurements using laser level meters based on different measurands’ informative parameters: propagation time, phase difference, and image coordinates. Based on analytical expressions for error components and a traceability chain to the national length standard, calculated uncertainty budgets are developed in accordance with JCGM 100 for time-of-flight, phase-based, and laser–television level meters. Under the assumed input conditions, the expanded uncertainties (k = 2) are 1.66, 0.73, and 1.02 mm, respectively. For the laser–television level meter budget, the Gaussian approximation is verified using the Monte Carlo method (JCGM 101): …


Development Of An Experimental Stand For The Study Of The Directions Of Movement And Velocity Of Air Flows In The Pneumatic Channel Of The Final Aspiration Of The Muz-16 Air Sieve Separator, Hanna Borisovna Torgan, Zulfiya Kakhramonovna Ergasheva Oct 2026

Development Of An Experimental Stand For The Study Of The Directions Of Movement And Velocity Of Air Flows In The Pneumatic Channel Of The Final Aspiration Of The Muz-16 Air Sieve Separator, Hanna Borisovna Torgan, Zulfiya Kakhramonovna Ergasheva

Technical science and innovation

The article presents the results of experimental studies on the rheological properties of pasta dough obtained from various types of wheat flour (bakery highest grade, as well as durum varieties of Belarusian selection). The regularities of changes in the yield shear stress, plastic viscosity, and shear rate of the semi-finished product were studied depending on the key technological factors of extrusion: moisture content (0.28–0.335 kg/kg), temperature (25–55 °C), and discharge pressure (up to 88 · 10-5 Pa). The operating principle and design features of the modernized pressing unit and die using special converging-diverging (confuser-diffuser) inserts (according to the patents …


Research On The Effectiveness Of Various Methods For Primary Processing Of Silkworm Cocoons, Doston Ishmukhammat Ugli Samandarov Oct 2026

Research On The Effectiveness Of Various Methods For Primary Processing Of Silkworm Cocoons, Doston Ishmukhammat Ugli Samandarov

Technical science and innovation

This article presents the results of experimental studies of the primary processing (killing) of silkworm pupae using existing technological methods, as well as three different combinations of infrared (IR) and ultrasound (US). A series of pilot studies was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Service Technology at Tashkent State Technical University on nine cocoon samples using existing technological equipment and an experimental setup developed under project AL-8724053050 and based on the combined effects of infrared radiation and ultrasound. A comparative evaluation of the studied processing methods was conducted based on the degree of pupal killing, moth hatching, process …


Increasing The Density Value Of Composite Propellant Ap/Htpb/Al For Rocket Performance Using The Sphere Packing Model, Muhammad Iqbal Alfikri, Bayu Prianto, Ariadne Lakshmidevi Juwono Sep 2026

Increasing The Density Value Of Composite Propellant Ap/Htpb/Al For Rocket Performance Using The Sphere Packing Model, Muhammad Iqbal Alfikri, Bayu Prianto, Ariadne Lakshmidevi Juwono

Makara Journal of Science

This research employs the sphere packing volume (SPV) model to optimize the density of composite propellants thereby enhancing rocket performance. We systematically varied the diameters of spherical ammonium perchlorate (AP) particles (50 and 400 µm) and aluminum powder (Al) particles (10 and 30 µm). These particles were incorporated at an ideal AP:Al ratio of 4:1 into a matrix of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene and toluene diisocyanate. By adjusting the AP ratio for each Al particle size and considering theoretical and tap densities, we precisely calculated the SPV value for each composition. The composition with the highest SPV value yielded remarkable results. This …


Notes For The Contributors, Space & Defense Sep 2026

Notes For The Contributors, Space & Defense

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.


The Global Chessboard: Strategic Deterrence In A New Era Of Great Power Competition, The 66th Annual Academy Assembly Sep 2026

The Global Chessboard: Strategic Deterrence In A New Era Of Great Power Competition, The 66th Annual Academy Assembly

Space and Defense

The 66th annual Academy Assembly brought together twenty-seven student delegates from civilian institutions and sister military service academies to discuss urgent issues in national affairs. This national student congress was held during March 3-5, 2026 and produced the following committee reports.


Critical Strategic Deterrence Questions For Today, Keith B. Payne Sep 2026

Critical Strategic Deterrence Questions For Today, Keith B. Payne

Space and Defense

r. Payne visited the U.S. Air Force Academy to offer keynote remarks at a national student congress, the 66th Academy Assembly, held during March 3-5,2026 and dedicated to the topic of the Global Chessboard: Strategic Deterrence in a New Era of Great Power Competition. Dr. Payne is co-founder of the National Institute for Public Policy, former Department Head at the Graduate School of Defense and Strategic Studies, Missouri State University, a former Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense, and former Senior Advisor to the Office of the Secretary of Defense. He has authored or co-authored over 230 published articles and 50 …


Death Of Battlefield Hide-And-Seek, Lily Cheatham Sep 2026

Death Of Battlefield Hide-And-Seek, Lily Cheatham

Space and Defense

For the past twenty years, the stealth regime defined military thinking, prioritizing technologies and tactics designed to evade enemy defense systems. Ensuring radar invisibility and maintaining information dominance have been the keys to survival and strategic advantage. On June 21-22, 2025, the United States conducted "Operation Midnight Hammer" against Iranian nuclear facilities at Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan. The principal strike package included seven B-2 Spirit stealth bombers, whose crews flew approximately 18 hours to reach the target area and roughly 36 hours and 13,000 miles round trip. The B-2s dropped 14 GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrators on Fordow and Natanz, marking …


The Baltic Bear Trap Wargame, Connor Crookham Sep 2026

The Baltic Bear Trap Wargame, Connor Crookham

Space and Defense

Modern military education increasingly relies on experiential tools that allow students to explore the complexity of contemporary conflict in ways that lectures and readings alone cannot achieve. Nowhere is this more evident than in the emerging emphasis on multi-domain operations, integrated deterrence, and the blurred boundaries between competition and armed conflict. The Baltic Bear Trap wargame was developed as a student design project to meet this instructional need, offering a structured environment in which players must think, plan, and act as operational-level decision makers confronting a deteriorating security situation in the Nordic–Baltic region. Built for use at the Swedish Defense …


A Cislunar Economic Forecast Under Public-Private Partnership, Naisha Chirag Naik Sep 2026

A Cislunar Economic Forecast Under Public-Private Partnership, Naisha Chirag Naik

Space and Defense

Cislunar space, spanning Earth’s orbit to the Moon, has emerged as a new frontier due to its strategic, scientific, and economic potential, with growing involvement from global powers, governments, and private entities diversifying the market. Unlike the first lunar space race, which saw a spike in activity amongst two countries followed by “silence,” the current cislunar era is hallmarked by a growing mix of public agencies, private companies, and international actors seeking to gain a foothold in what could be the foundation for a long-term space economy. While cislunar space was historically only an interest for superpowers, recent years have …


Autonomous Navigation In Cislunar Satellites, Heith Johnson Sep 2026

Autonomous Navigation In Cislunar Satellites, Heith Johnson

Space and Defense

Cislunar space—the region between Earth’s geosynchronous orbit (about 36,000 kilometers from Earth) and the Moon (roughly 384,000 kilometers away)—is becoming a critical frontier for future space exploration and commercialization.1 This zone includes the Moon’s orbit, transfer orbits, and the Earth-Moon Lagrange points. Additionally, as more nations and corporations launch lunar missions and establish long-term infrastructure, cislunar space is increasingly becoming a strategic focus for exploration, logistics, and transportation.


Planetary Defense As The Ethico-Legal Gateway For International Space Security, Evie Kendal Sep 2026

Planetary Defense As The Ethico-Legal Gateway For International Space Security, Evie Kendal

Space and Defense

Following the news in late 2024 that there was a city-killer asteroid on a possible collision course with Earth, many members of the public were shocked to learn there was no reliable global plan for managing such asteroidal and cometary impact hazards. While calculations of Asteroid 2024 YR4’s trajectory were further refined to exclude the previously reported 2-3% chance of collision in 2032, this event highlighted a major security threat: the lack of a globally coordinated, appropriately resourced, and politically supported planetary defense strategy (Gibney, 2025). In so doing, it also provided an opportunity for security experts to consider the …


Space-Based Missile Defense With Early Interceptor Launch Strategies, William Priedhorsky, James Wells Sep 2026

Space-Based Missile Defense With Early Interceptor Launch Strategies, William Priedhorsky, James Wells

Space and Defense

There is renewed interest in space-based boost-phase intercept (SBPI) for missile defense against ICBMs of near-peer adversaries. We discuss SBPI in the context of other missile defense approaches, and address one of its challenges, which is the expense of fielding a large enough constellation of interceptors in space to counter even a small number of ICBMs. We develop an early-launch approach that could substantively reduce the required density of interceptors. Because every second matters in boost-phase defense, early launch of interceptors can significantly increase the reach of each interceptor. Early launch would require interceptors that have highly throttleable motors. Our …


Golden Dome: Seeking Space Security, Namrata Goswami Sep 2026

Golden Dome: Seeking Space Security, Namrata Goswami

Space and Defense

The “Golden Dome” initiative [formerly Iron Dome] was announced by President Donald Trump on January 27, 2025, signifying a transformative shift in global space security policy. It fundamentally questions long-standing assumptions about deterrence, national vulnerability to missile attacks, and the role of space in strategic defense. More importantly, it emerges at a moment of acute strategic transition: the erosion of Cold War arms control frameworks, the rapid advancement of hypersonic and orbital delivery systems, and the growing integration of space into warfighting doctrines. Launched via a presidential memorandum in January 2025, Golden Dome calls for a layered missile defense system …


Space & Defense Vol. 17 No. 1 Editor's Note, Damon Coletta Sep 2026

Space & Defense Vol. 17 No. 1 Editor's Note, Damon Coletta

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.


Space & Defense Vol. 17 No. 1 Table Of Contents, Space & Defense Sep 2026

Space & Defense Vol. 17 No. 1 Table Of Contents, Space & Defense

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.


Space & Defense Vol. 17 No. 1 Front Matter, Space & Defense Sep 2026

Space & Defense Vol. 17 No. 1 Front Matter, Space & Defense

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.


Space & Defense Volume 17 Issue 1 Summer 2026 (Whole Issue), Space & Defense Sep 2026

Space & Defense Volume 17 Issue 1 Summer 2026 (Whole Issue), Space & Defense

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.


Payload Selection To Correlate Shielding Performance With Molecular Structure And Elemental Composition For Rosisat: The Radiation Orbital Shielding Investigation Satellite, Chase Patterson, Jacob L. Blanton, Kylie Nager Aug 2026

Payload Selection To Correlate Shielding Performance With Molecular Structure And Elemental Composition For Rosisat: The Radiation Orbital Shielding Investigation Satellite, Chase Patterson, Jacob L. Blanton, Kylie Nager

Beyond: Undergraduate Research Journal

Exposure to space weather in the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) environment poses significant challenges to both the integrity and longevity of orbital hardware, as well as the health of astronauts, driving the necessity for improved means of radiation shielding for future missions. With a 1U CubeSat formfactor, ROSISat is a planned LEO mission that aims to characterize the radiation shielding capabilities of seven candidate materials: ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, boron nitride, carbon nanotubes, boron nitride nanotubes with polyethylene fibers, carbon fiber reinforced composite, and aerographene, as well as two control materials: aluminum 6061 and ep33. By comparing the shielding performance …


Modeling Of Supersonic Wave And Shock Propagation Using The Lattice Boltzmann Method, Timothy P. Schroeder Aug 2026

Modeling Of Supersonic Wave And Shock Propagation Using The Lattice Boltzmann Method, Timothy P. Schroeder

Beyond: Undergraduate Research Journal

The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has emerged as a mesoscopic alternative to traditional Navier-Stokes solvers for modeling fluid dynamics offering advantages in computational efficiency, parallelization, and handling of complex boundaries. Despite these strengths, accurately reproducing compressible, shock-driven phenomena remains challenging. This study investigates the performance of LBM in simulating the Sod shock tube problem, a classical benchmark for compressible flow-using both single and double distribution function formulations across one- and two-dimensional lattice stencils. A MATLAB-based solver was developed to model the flow under isothermal conditions and compared to the analytical solution using the L2 norm error. The one-dimensional models achieved …


Evaluation Of Tactile Cueing Embedded In An Aviation Headset On Pilot Altitude Control, Nicholas D. Wilson, Jessica Van Bree, Matthew Cleveland, Sunny Charakuru, Thomas Petros, Richard Ferraro, Kouhyar Tavakolian Aug 2026

Evaluation Of Tactile Cueing Embedded In An Aviation Headset On Pilot Altitude Control, Nicholas D. Wilson, Jessica Van Bree, Matthew Cleveland, Sunny Charakuru, Thomas Petros, Richard Ferraro, Kouhyar Tavakolian

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

This study evaluated the effectiveness of tactile cueing integrated into a pilot’s headset on pilot altitude control during simulated instrument conditions. Pilots typically rely on visual and auditory inputs to maintain situational awareness, but in high-workload or instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), these channels can become overloaded. One underutilized alternative for alerting is a tactile cueing apparatus. Using an X-Plane simulation of a Piper Archer equipped with a G-1000 avionics suite, 39 FAA-certified pilots flew two precision approaches. The experimental group (n = 20) received haptic cues via ear seal-embedded tactors when deviating from assigned altitude or glideslope. The control group …


Simulations Of Phugoid Motion Of Jal 123, Dereth J J. Drake Scheuermann Aug 2026

Simulations Of Phugoid Motion Of Jal 123, Dereth J J. Drake Scheuermann

Georgia Journal of Science

Airplanes rely on a balance between the four forces of flight: lift, weight, thrust, and drag. If these forces are balanced, the airplane will remain stable. However, if structurally or systematically compromised, the motion can rapidly become unstable. In the aviation industry, mistakes in repairs and aircraft design can lead to accidents causing the loss of life in some cases. In this article, we will be analyzing what happened 70 Japan Airlines flight 123 and how the flight’s motion deteriorated due to a defective repair. More specifically, we will discuss the aerodynamic effects of phugoid motion and how it developed …


Feasibility And Performance Of Aerogravity Assists For Ceres Missions, Divinaa E. Burder Aug 2026

Feasibility And Performance Of Aerogravity Assists For Ceres Missions, Divinaa E. Burder

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

This work investigates the feasibility and performance of aerogravity assist (AGA) maneuvers for missions to Ceres, with emphasis on both interplanetary trajectory design and atmospheric flight dynamics. AGAs provide substantially greater turning capability than pure gravity assists by exploiting aerodynamic lift during atmospheric passes, thereby enabling greater heliocentric energy changes than pure gravity assists. To quantify these benefits, this study integrates a broad interplanetary trajectory search with high-fidelity atmospheric performance modeling. Candidate trajectories for launch years 2030–2050 are generated for multiple inner-planet encounter sequences using vehicles with lift-to-drag ratios (L/D) between 1 and 7. Atmospheric flight segments are simulated using …


Powered Parachute Vehicle For Crew Transportation On Mars, Louis J. Spier Jul 2026

Powered Parachute Vehicle For Crew Transportation On Mars, Louis J. Spier

Beyond: Undergraduate Research Journal

To support possible future human presence on Mars where bases are likely to be spread apart, aerial vehicles could be used to transport crew and cargo between them. Designing and operating such a vehicle is very challenging because of the low atmospheric density on Mars compared to Earth, the logistics involved with transporting it to Mars, and the infrastructure necessary to operate it. This study discusses the problems involved with designing, building, and operating fixed-wing and powered parachute aircraft on Mars and presents a concept involving a powered parachute vehicle utilizing an inflatable parachute wing that can be packed together …


Building China’S Space Station Intellectual Property Protection System: Strategic Demands, International Rule Competition, And Institutional Pathways, Xiao Youdan, Bing Xiao, Yi Zheng, Xianghui Liu Jul 2026

Building China’S Space Station Intellectual Property Protection System: Strategic Demands, International Rule Competition, And Institutional Pathways, Xiao Youdan, Bing Xiao, Yi Zheng, Xianghui Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

As China’s space station transitions into its application and development phase, on-orbit research outputs are entering a period of concentrated yield. The protection of space station intellectual property (IP) has evolved from a theoretical proposition into a pressing institutional demand. For decades, developed economies, notably the United States and European nations, have dominated the development of international space IP rules. Their core approach extends the traditional principle of territoriality through “legal fiction”, establishing jurisdiction based on the “State of registry’s jurisdiction”—that is, treating space objects as extensions of the registering State’s territory, thereby extending the reach of domestic IP law …