Inflammatory Response Following High-Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Across Different Exercise Modalities: A Pilot Study,
2022
University of Southern California
Inflammatory Response Following High-Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Across Different Exercise Modalities: A Pilot Study, Bailey Mclagan, Jared Moore, George Salem
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Exercise-related muscular contractions produce and release numerous myokines, namely interleukins (IL) 6, 8, and 10. Most studies have focused on longer duration (>60 minutes) exercise and suggest that the IL-6 response to running is greater than that of cycling. However, to date, the effect of 4x4 High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and modality on the inflammatory response to exercise have not been reported. PURPOSE: This pilot investigation characterized the inflammatory biomarker response to HIIT 4x4 running and cycling protocols. METHODS: Five young, recreationally active volunteers (1 female, 4 males; 27.20 ± 3.42 years) completed a heart rate max …
Chronotypical And Habitual Exercise Timing Effects On Physical Activity And Sleep Quality,
2022
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Chronotypical And Habitual Exercise Timing Effects On Physical Activity And Sleep Quality, Elias M. Malek, Michael Dial, Graham Mcginnis 8954626
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
An individual's circadian rhythm and chronotype, or circadian preference, influence physical activity (PA) and sleep patterns during the 24-hour period, with people who prefer later exercise exhibiting poorer sleep patterns and reduced physical activity (PA) levels. Previous work comparing exercise timing’s relationship with chronotype examined single bouts of exercise, indicating the need to examine habitual exercise trends on a longer-term basis. PURPOSE: To analyze the interaction between chronotype and long-term exercise timing preference on physical activity and sleep quality. METHODS: Data were analyzed retrospectively from an open-source data set collected by Cunningham et al. from 05/2020 – 11/2021. Chronotype was …
Individuals Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Respond Differently To Limb Loading Instruction: A Clustering Analysis,
2022
University of Southern California
Individuals Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Respond Differently To Limb Loading Instruction: A Clustering Analysis, Willa Ma, Susan Sigward
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Individuals following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLr) demonstrate altered loading strategies such as shifting mechanical demand away from the surgical knee. Previous work found that individuals can restore limb loading symmetry with instruction to equalize weight distribution between limbs during a squat task. However, when looking at individual responses to these instructions, it appear that not all individual responded similarly. PURPOSE: To use k-means clustering to describe the variation in response to instruction to equalize weight between limbs in individuals 3-4 months post-ACLr. METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of a dataset including two groups: individuals 110.4 days …
Reaction Times Altered By Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear,
2022
Utah State University
Reaction Times Altered By Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear, Bonny H. Lu, Sara A. Harper, David A.E. Bolton, Anne Z. Beethe
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is associated with declined performance upon return to sport, with high rates of reinjury. Despite ACL reconstruction, ACL tears induce neuroplasticity, increasing reliance on vision and preparation time in movement. This increased reliance on vision and time could lead to motor control strategy deficits under sport-specific tasks. PURPOSE: To determine if ACL injury results in slower muscle onsets in a reactive stepping task and if this is affected by preparation. METHODS: Reactive balance was assessed in ACL (N=6) and healthy control (CON; N=12) participants using a lean and release device to initiate …
The Performance Profile Of A Division I Football Team,
2022
Northern Arizona University
The Performance Profile Of A Division I Football Team, Seth B. Long, Tyler Shumate, Dierdra K. Bycura, Scott N. Drum
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Reporting athletic performance characteristics of a Division I collegiate football team may serve to inform coaching personnel and sports performance staff about the most versatile players to utilize for various competitions. Performance data may also help guide developing athletes about benchmarks to achieve for optimal competitiveness. PURPOSE: Our aim was to observe athletic performance characteristics of and differences between designated starters (ST) vs non-starters (NST). METHODS: 44 athletes – ST (n=22) vs NST (n=22) – were selected using a convenience sample and equally distributed between offense and defense positions. Preseason performance data were analyzed related to select power, including …
Firefighter Trainee Fitness, Reasons For Academy Release, And Predictive Capabilities Of Fitness Tests,
2022
California State University, Fullerton
Firefighter Trainee Fitness, Reasons For Academy Release, And Predictive Capabilities Of Fitness Tests, Robert G. Lockie, Fernando Montes, Robin (Rob) Marc Orr, J. Jay Dawes
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Firefighter trainees need a level of fitness to be admitted to and complete a training academy. Fitness could indicate a trainee’s likelihood of graduation. PURPOSE: Determine fitness differences between trainees who graduated (GRAD) or were released due to a) injury (RELI), b) skills test performance failures (RELP), or c) resignation (RELR); and whether fitness predicted graduation or academy release. METHODS: Data from an occupational physical ability test (OPAT) for 686 trainees were analyzed, including: Illinois agility test; push-ups; pull-ups; leg tucks; estimated maximal aerobic capacity (V̇O2max) from the multistage fitness test; backwards overhead 4.54-kg medicine ball …
The Effects Of Acute Beetroot Juice Ingestion On Exercise And Cognitive Performance In Female Athletes,
2022
Pepperdine University
The Effects Of Acute Beetroot Juice Ingestion On Exercise And Cognitive Performance In Female Athletes, Isabella G. Lincoln, Courtney Merrill, Katherine M. Price, Sean T. Karl, Ryan T. Kenney, Alyssa A. Riley, Chandler F. Riley, Maya A. Hammer, Adam Pennell, Rachel Tan
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Nitrate-rich beetroot juice can enhance intense exercise performance which is attributed to enhanced skeletal muscle contractility. However, limited data exist in females and it is unknown whether dietary nitrate has an ergogenic effect in this population. PURPOSE: To investigate the potential effects of acute nitrate ingestion on a battery of exercise performance and cognitive tests before and after fatiguing intermittent running exercise. METHODS: Fifteen female team-sport athletes were assigned in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design to consume nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BR; 12 mmol of nitrate) and nitrate-depleted beetroot juice (PL; 0.10 mmol of nitrate) 2.5 h prior to …
Differences In Arterial Occlusion Pressure Using Two Different Cuff Inflation Protocols,
2022
Brigham Young University, Provo UT
Differences In Arterial Occlusion Pressure Using Two Different Cuff Inflation Protocols, Ryan B. Lacey, Chase Blazzard, Hannah Hart, Nicole Kasper, Daniela Lopez, Shay Richards, Pat R. Vehrs Facsm
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
The occlusion pressure used during blood flow restriction during exercise is based on the arterial occlusion pressure (AOP). Although previous studies have measured AOP using two different cuff inflation protocols, no studies have compared the AOP measured using both protocols. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the superficial femoral artery AOP when measured using two different cuff inflation protocols. METHODS: Ultrasound (GE LOGIQ) was used to detect blood flow through the superficial femoral artery of both legs in 20 males and 20 females. An inflatable cuff was placed on the upper thigh. The superficial femoral artery was …
Bone Mineral Density In Weight-Bearing And Aquatic Athletes,
2022
Loyola Marymount University
Bone Mineral Density In Weight-Bearing And Aquatic Athletes, Elizabeth Krauss, Kayla Stuckenberg, Hawley C. Almstedt
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Bone mineral density (BMD) is a measure of mineral deposit within the bone that can be used as an early-adulthood predictor for onset of osteoporosis. Type of exercise induces a stress-response which builds BMD. PURPOSE: Non-weight-bearing-athletes were compared to weight-bearing-athletes and controls to identify differences in bone health among groups. The participants were compared longitudinally to measure change in BMD overtime. This study was modeled after work by Taaffe et al. (1995) which concluded that female athletes who do not engage in weight-bearing-activities had lower BMD. METHODS: Height, weight, and calcium intake was collected for female students (20.0±1.3 years); 23 …
Altered Cortical Activation Patterns In The Motor Cortex Post Acl Reconstruction Compared To Healthy Control,
2022
Loyola Marymount University
Altered Cortical Activation Patterns In The Motor Cortex Post Acl Reconstruction Compared To Healthy Control, Ryan Kim, Lana Kayali, Abi Rae Stine, Yong Woo An Facsm
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), patients often experience persistent knee dysfunction, such as knee strength deficit, possibly correlated with altered cortical activation in the brain. However, it remains unclear if ACLR patients exhibit different cortical activation patterns in the primary motor cortex (M1) during strength tasks, when compared to healthy control. PURPOSE: To examine electrocortical activation patterns in the M1 during submaximal isometric contraction of the quadriceps between an ACLR patient and a healthy control. METHODS: Both ACLR (female, 21yrs,180.34cm, 77.11kg) and control (female, 39yrs, 160.02cm, 61.23kg) performed isometric extension of the reconstructed or matched knees at …
The Physiological Profile Of A Blind Female Solo Ultra-Endurance Cyclist – A Novel Case Study,
2022
Northern Arizona University
The Physiological Profile Of A Blind Female Solo Ultra-Endurance Cyclist – A Novel Case Study, Jordyn M. Keddy, Scott N. Drum
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Ultra-endurance mountain biking (MTB) greater than 2,450 miles in 51 days with over 150,000 feet of elevation gain is a significant physiological and fear-inducing journey for anyone. This case study showcases the psychophysiology of a blind solo (i.e., single bike) rider (BSR) with history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) who achieved an unparalleled ride of the Tour Divide MTB route with 2 male guides (MG). PURPOSE: The primary purpose of this project was to observe the interplay between fatigue (acute training load, ATL), fitness (chronic training load, CTL), and form (training stress balance, TSB) as part of a performance management …
Higher Alpha/Theta Ratio May Indicate Decreased Brain Function In Older Adults During Cspfp10 Compared To Young Adults,
2022
New Mexico State University
Higher Alpha/Theta Ratio May Indicate Decreased Brain Function In Older Adults During Cspfp10 Compared To Young Adults, Yangmi Kang, Mary A. Berg, Sang-Rok Lee, Jim Kroger, Yong Woo An
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Declined physical ability and brain function observed in elder can affect daily living activities and negatively influence the quality of life (QOL). While the extensive research has explored the changes in cortical activity related to motor control in elder, less is known about how the brain functions during a physical function test. PURPOSE: To examine the electrocortical activation in the older adults’ brain during the Continuous Scale Physical Function Performance-10 (CSPFP-10) compared to young adults. METHODS: Twenty five older adults (OLD; 75.40±7.32 yrs, 70.33±18.23 kg, 162.87±7.55 cm) and twenty five young (YOUNG; 19.88±1.72 yrs, 66.52±14.22 kg, 167.50±10.22 cm) …
The Effects Of Alternate-Day Fasting On Physical Activity,
2022
Brigham Young University
The Effects Of Alternate-Day Fasting On Physical Activity, Gage E. Jensen
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Alternate Day Modified Fasting (ADMF) is an intermittent fasting approach that combines days of normal caloric consumption with days of low caloric consumption (~25% of daily requirements).While research has demonstrated the effects of ADMF on weight loss and metabolic health, research focused on the physical activity of participants has not been thoroughly evaluated. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent that intermittent fasting can alter habitual physical activity patterns. METHODS: Forty two participants (male/female) completed 3 days of baseline testing followed by a two week treatment period where they followed a modified alternate-day fasting …
Creatine Supplementation Improves Performance Without Deleterious Cardiovascular Parameters In Trained Females,
2022
California State University, Monterey Bay
Creatine Supplementation Improves Performance Without Deleterious Cardiovascular Parameters In Trained Females, Citlaly Jauregui, Steven B. Machek, Katia Azevedo, Warleyson Azevedo, Jeffrey Willardson, Marco Machado
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Creatine monohydrate supplementation is broadly substantiated to elicit both favorable ergogenic and health-associated advantages amidst vast demographics. Nevertheless, its impacts on human cardiovascular outcomes are hitherto undescribed in generally healthy populations. Furthermore, females are largely underrepresented in the ergogenic creatine literature and their potentially differential cardiovascular responses are unknown. PURPOSE: to determine whether young, healthy females would glean discernible hypertrophy and enhanced performance, commensurate to favorable post-resistance training cardiovascular parameters and relative to placebo-matched controls across a four week training timeline. METHODS: Twenty-eight resistance trained women (25.5±6.1 years) were randomly assigned to supplement creatine monohydrate (CRE; 5g creatine monohydrate …
Effect Of A University Physical Activity Challenge On Levels Of Anxiety, Depression, Stress, And Perceived Dependency Of Wearing A Physical Activity Tracker,
2022
University of San Francisco
Effect Of A University Physical Activity Challenge On Levels Of Anxiety, Depression, Stress, And Perceived Dependency Of Wearing A Physical Activity Tracker, Emily M. Jackson, Sarah M. Camhi, Stephanie L. Cooper
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Many studies have researched the benefits of physical activity (PA) and well-being, leading many universities to promote PA on campus. There is limited research on how university-based PA promotion impacts mental health, as well as the impact of wearing a physical activity tracker (PAT) and its potential to create dependency on wearing the device. PURPOSE: To understand the effects of a 4-week campus-wide PA challenge on levels of anxiety, depression, and stress in college students, and the potential dependency effects of wearing a PAT. METHODS: For the duration of the 4-week challenge, 44 undergraduate and 6 graduate students …
Impact Of Mask-Wearing During High-Intensity Interval Training On Exercise Hemodynamics,
2022
Grand Canyon University
Impact Of Mask-Wearing During High-Intensity Interval Training On Exercise Hemodynamics, Luke Heikka, Payton Price, Malia Nowlen, Ryan Guenette, Ruthie Larson, Adarius West, Justin Emelife, Sara Burton, Sofia Harman, Tony Acevedo, Zachary Zeigler
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
As the guidelines regarding the COVID-19 pandemic regressed, allowing the re-opening of health centers, many established regulations required mask-wearing during exercise to limit transmission of the virus. Current literature suggests that the impact of a mask during exercise has minimal effects on exercise hemodynamics. However, limited data exists measuring blood pressure, cardiac output, and systemic vascular resistance during high-intensity exercise. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of mask-wearing on exercise hemodynamics. METHODS: Nine total participants aged 18-30 yr were recruited for this experimental cross-over study. This within subject design involved six randomized conditions; …
Sled-Pull Training Protocol Increases Critical Speed In Female Collegiate Soccer Players,
2022
Loyola Marymount University
Sled-Pull Training Protocol Increases Critical Speed In Female Collegiate Soccer Players, Andrew J. Hartz, John A. Brasher, Jenevieve L. Roper, Robert V. Musci
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Critical speed (CS) is the speed one can sustain while maintaining blood lactate, phosphocreatine, and oxygen uptake levels. “Distance capacity beyond CS” (D’) is the reserve an athlete can draw from to run faster than their CS. By increasing CS and D’, athletes can sustain a faster threshold pace (CS) and have a greater sprint capacity (D’). Unlike distance traveled and speed, which do not reflect the metabolic strain of an exercise, CS and D’ assess the relative intensity of an activity to provide individualized inter- and intra-competition insight. PURPOSE: This investigation evaluated CS and D’ among men and women …
Impact Of Latin Ballroom Dancing On Gait Biomechanics,
2022
Utah Valley University
Impact Of Latin Ballroom Dancing On Gait Biomechanics, Grace Hanks, Tyler Standifird
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Purpose: Past research has focused on biomechanical changes, kinematic differences, and injury rates among dancers compared to healthy non-dancers. This research has shown that there are differences biomechanically between dancers and healthy non-dancers which indicates that various forms of dance training has both potential short- and long-term effects on an individual (Yihong et al, 2018, Prochazkova et al, 2014, Tepla et al, 2014, Turner et al 2018). The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Latin ballroom dance training on gait. Methods: 24 participants, (12 Latin dancers, 12 recreationally active non-dancers; 12 males,12 females) between the …
Peripheral And Cerebral Arterial Hemodynamic And Mechanical Responses To A Maximal Oxygen Consumption Exercise Test In Males And Females,
2022
California Lutheran University
Peripheral And Cerebral Arterial Hemodynamic And Mechanical Responses To A Maximal Oxygen Consumption Exercise Test In Males And Females, Octavia Gosnell, Zaria Opara, Michael Diaz, Lavleen Sandhu, Gabriel Hernandez, Louise Kelly, Jie Liu, Allan Knox
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Variations in physiological responses to exercise between males and females have been identified by previous investigations. Maximal oxygen consumption tests (VO2max) are widely used for exercise prescription within the professional and recreational capacity, in addition to providing insight of overall cardiovascular and pulmonary health. However, the specific response of multiple components of the arterial network have yet to be established and compared within males and females. PURPOSE: To determine the hemodynamic and mechanical responses of the brachial artery (BA), the common carotid artery (CCA), and the internal carotid artery (ICA) to VO2max. METHODS: College-aged …
Bilateral Tibial Stress Fracture In An Inexperienced Athlete,
2022
University of California, San Diego
Bilateral Tibial Stress Fracture In An Inexperienced Athlete, Kevin Gilbert, Jennifer Tram Md, Kenneth Vitale Md, Fascm
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
PURPOSE: An abrupt increase in duration, intensity, or frequency of physical activity without adequate periods of rest can make patients susceptible to stress fractures, which are typically unilateral and located in the posteromedial tibia diaphysis. METHODS: We present a unique case report of a bilateral proximal epiphysis stress fracture. RESULTS: Here we present a young female patient presenting with bilateral tibia stress fractures after running in a half marathon that she had not trained for. Initial radiographs did not reveal any acute abnormalities, but subsequent MRI demonstrated incomplete stress fractures of the bilateral medial tibial epiphysis. Conservative management including …
