Landslide Forecast In Taiwan Based On Machine Learning In The Gis Field,
2023
Northern Illinois University
Landslide Forecast In Taiwan Based On Machine Learning In The Gis Field, Yi Shen
Honors Capstones
Landslides can pose a significant risk to life, property, and infrastructure in mountainous regions, and can be triggered by various factors, including intense rainfall, earthquakes, and water level changes. Machine learning is commonly used to forecast landslides, based on statistical relationships between past landslides and multiple variables to create a general forecasting model. However, these models often require large amounts of data to achieve accurate results. This project aims to use only a few variables but take advantage of both their spatial distribution and temporal trends to improve the accuracy of landslide forecasts. This approach is tested in Taiwan, a …
Bulk Hydrogen Isotopes In Ordinary Chondrites,
2023
University of New Mexico
Bulk Hydrogen Isotopes In Ordinary Chondrites, Michael J. Cato
Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs
Bulk hydrogen isotopes in nominally anhydrous meteorites are a key component in our understanding of the distribution of hydrogen in our solar system, including the provenance of water on the Earth. Here, we develop a step-heated continuous-flow method to measure the bulk hydrogen isotopes in nominally anhydrous rocks and use this method to significantly increase the dataset of bulk hydrogen isotopes in ordinary chondrites, nearly doubling the number of equilibrated members. We found that as thermal alteration increases from petrologic type 3.0 to 4, there is a correlated decrease in both hydrogen content and isotope ratio, followed by no significant …
Evaluating The Relationship Between Methane Seeps And Seafloor Geomorphology On The Northern Us Atlantic Margin,
2023
Mississippi State University
Evaluating The Relationship Between Methane Seeps And Seafloor Geomorphology On The Northern Us Atlantic Margin, Gabriel Hernandez
Theses and Dissertations
Methane seeps are a transport pathway for carbon from seafloor sediments to the marine environment with important implications for global biogeochemical cycling. Accordingly, there is substantial interest in better understanding the processes that control seep location and predicting the distribution of seeps with existing seafloor datasets. Visual evaluation of methane seeps, in multibeam sonar water column data, suggests a spatial relationship between seeps and specific seafloor morphologic features such as ridge crests. In this thesis, seafloor geomorphology at 1996 seep detection sites on the US Atlantic margin was quantitatively characterized by geomorphologic phonotype, bathymetric position index, slope, rugosity, and aspect …
Estimating Snow Accumulation And Ablation With L-Band Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (Insar),
2023
University of Nevada, Reno
Estimating Snow Accumulation And Ablation With L-Band Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (Insar), Jack Tarricone, Ryan W. Webb, Hans-Peter Marshall, Anne W. Nolin, Franz J. Meyer
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Snow is a critical water resource for the western United States and many regions across the globe. However, our ability to accurately measure and monitor changes in snow mass from satellite remote sensing, specifically its water equivalent, remains a challenge. To confront these challenges, NASA initiated the SnowEx program, a multiyear effort to address knowledge gaps in snow remote sensing. During SnowEx 2020, the Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) team acquired an L-band interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data time series to evaluate the capabilities and limitations of repeat-pass L-band InSAR for tracking changes in snow water equivalent …
Rapidly Changing Range Limits In A Warming World: Critical Data Limitations And Knowledge Gaps For Advancing Understanding Of Mangrove Range Dynamics In The Southeastern Usa,
2023
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Rapidly Changing Range Limits In A Warming World: Critical Data Limitations And Knowledge Gaps For Advancing Understanding Of Mangrove Range Dynamics In The Southeastern Usa, Rémi Bardou, Michael J. Osland, Steven Scyphers, Christine Shepard, Karen E. Aerni, Jahson B. Alemu I, Robert Crimian, Richard H. Day, Nicholas M. Enwright, Christopher A. Gabler
School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Climate change is altering species’ range limits and transforming ecosystems. For example, warming temperatures are leading to the range expansion of tropical, cold-sensitive species at the expense of their cold-tolerant counterparts. In some temperate and subtropical coastal wetlands, warming winters are enabling mangrove forest encroachment into salt marsh, which is a major regime shift that has significant ecological and societal ramifications. Here, we synthesized existing data and expert knowledge to assess the distribution of mangroves near rapidly changing range limits in the southeastern USA. We used expert elicitation to identify data limitations and highlight knowledge gaps for advancing understanding of …
Paleotemperature Estimates From Diatom Morphometrics In The Amundsen Sea For Marine Isotope Stage 5,
2023
Northern Illinois University
Paleotemperature Estimates From Diatom Morphometrics In The Amundsen Sea For Marine Isotope Stage 5, Cesar Lopez
Honors Capstones
Because of ever rising temperatures driven by anthropogenic climate change, much attention has been given to the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) by the scientific community. This is due to its sensitivity to global climate change and vulnerability for collapse as evidenced by Pleistocene interglacial events. Paleotemperature estimates from the Amundsen Sea are crucial for understanding how global temperature changes impacted WAIS throughout the Pleistocene. Marine Isotope Stage 5 (MIS 5) is of particular interest as it contains different substages and intervals of fluctuating temperatures. This period also is estimated to have had temperatures equal to, or slightly higher than …
Small Community Water Systems Have The Highest Prevalence Of Mn In Drinking Water In California, Usa,
2023
Chapman University
Small Community Water Systems Have The Highest Prevalence Of Mn In Drinking Water In California, Usa, Miranda Aiken, Samantha C. Ying
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Manganese (Mn) is currently regulated as a secondary contaminant in California, USA; however, recent revisions of the World Health Organization drinking water guidelines have increased regulatory attention of Mn in drinking water due to increasing reports of neurotoxic effects in infants and children. In this study, Mn concentrations reported to California’s Safe Drinking Water Information System were used to estimate the potentially exposed population within California based on system size. We estimate that between 2011 and 2021, over 525,000 users in areas with reported Mn data are potentially exposed to Mn concentrations exceeding the WHO health-based guideline (80 μg L …
Investigation Of The Sheep Creek Carbonatites, Ravalli County, Montana,
2023
Montana Tech
Investigation Of The Sheep Creek Carbonatites, Ravalli County, Montana, Sarah Risedorf
Graduate Theses & Non-Theses
Carbonatite-related REE-Nb mineralization in southern Ravalli County, Montana was first discovered in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Over 30 discontinuous carbonatite bodies occur in a ~ 10 km2 area centered on Sheep Creek, a tributary to the headwaters of the West Fork of the Bitterroot River (WFBR). The deposits are contained in a belt that extends to the southeast into the Mineral Hill district of Lemhi County, Idaho. Country rocks include a deformed and metamorphosed bimodal igneous suite of diabase and A-type granite, both dated to 1.37 Ga by previous workers. These rocks are locally metamorphosed to amphibolite …
The Dynamics Of Sedimentary Chlorophyll Α At A High-Energy Beach,
2023
Coastal Carolina University
The Dynamics Of Sedimentary Chlorophyll Α At A High-Energy Beach, Sarah (Gray) Abel
Honors Theses
Productive sandy beaches are one of the most crucial areas serving our ecosystem today. While often overlooked in scientific research, productive beaches have many essential functions that lead to the preservation and protection of many different species as well as ecological wellness and stability. A key factor that is linked to this productivity is the presence of chlorophyll in the sediments. Piston cores of the sediments at the low-tide mark at Waties Island, South Carolina, were collected across multiple years and subsequently analyzed for chlorophyll concentrations through fluorometry after acetone extraction and acidification. Each core profile was processed to calculate …
Suboxic And Anaerobic Respiration Across A Sandy-Shore-To-Estuarine Gradient,
2023
Coastal Carolina University
Suboxic And Anaerobic Respiration Across A Sandy-Shore-To-Estuarine Gradient, Jacey Ballard
Honors Theses
Sulfate is an inorganic ion that is one of the major ions of seawater. Sulfate is also an essential reactant in microbially mediated anaerobic respiration that produces sulfide, an energy source during chemosynthesis. Sulfide is widely found in sediment, and water rich in decaying organic material, as well as hydrothermal vents. While sulfate reduction occurs extensively in muds, such as those of marshes, it is not expected to occur in sand which is much better aerated. Recent research in our group documented extensive sub aerobic respiration in coastal sands which suggests that sulfate reduction may have also been happening. This …
Improving The Cotton Simulation
Model, Gossym, For Soil,
Photosynthesis, And Transpiration
Processes,
2023
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USDA-ARS
Improving The Cotton Simulation Model, Gossym, For Soil, Photosynthesis, And Transpiration Processes, Sahila Beegum, Dennis Timlin, Kambham Raja Reddy, Vangimalla Reddy, Wenguang Sun, Zhuangji Wang, David Fleisher, Chittaranjan Ray
Nebraska Water Center: Faculty Publications
GOSSYM, a mechanistic, process-level cotton crop simulation model, has a two-dimensional (2D) gridded soil model called Rhizos that simulates the below-ground processes daily. Water movement is based on gradients of water content and not hydraulic heads. In GOSSYM, photosynthesis is calculated using a daily empirical light response function that requires calibration for response to elevated carbon dioxide ( CO2). This report discusses improvements made to the GOSSYM model for soil, photosynthesis, and transpiration processes. GOSSYM’s predictions of below-ground processes using Rhizos are improved by replacing it with 2DSOIL, a mechanistic 2D finite element soil process model. The photosynthesis …
Investigation Of A Possible Switch Of Benthic Photosynthetic Organisms And Phytoplanktonic Organisms In White Point Swash, South Carolina,
2023
Coastal Carolina University
Investigation Of A Possible Switch Of Benthic Photosynthetic Organisms And Phytoplanktonic Organisms In White Point Swash, South Carolina, Nathan Easterling
Honors Theses
This research study examined the possible switch from benthic photosynthetic organisms to phytoplankton in the water column at White Point Swash, Long Bay, South Carolina, and what is causing this switch to occur. During Dr. Hannides’ and his group’s studies at this and other swashes in the past, they noticed this phenomenon of the benthic photosynthetic organisms taking over during a certain time and then the phytoplankton in the water column taking over during a different time. In this study, I measured the relative benthic macroalgal area coverage and sedimentary chlorophyll a concentration as measures of the abundance of benthic …
Improvements To Isru For Rocket Fuel Generation,
2023
James Madison University
Improvements To Isru For Rocket Fuel Generation, Justin Sharp
James Madison Undergraduate Research Journal (JMURJ)
The development of efficient in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) technologies is crucial for the establishment of an extraterrestrial, self-sustaining colony. The generation of rocket fuel at potential colony locations is necessary to provide the transportation of people and cargo to and from these locations.Three processes are discussed for the improvement of ISRU methods to generate rocket fuel: electrolysis and electrochemical improvements to the process of crude fuel production, physical and chemical methods for separation of gaseous H2 and O2, and materials and cryogenics engineering for storage and transportation of liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquid oxygen (LOX). Storage and transportation of cryogenics …
Hymenachne Amplexicaluis [(Rudge) Nees] Genetic Resources Collection In México, A Suitable Grass For Flood Plains In Tropical Areas,
2023
INIFAP, Mexico
Hymenachne Amplexicaluis [(Rudge) Nees] Genetic Resources Collection In México, A Suitable Grass For Flood Plains In Tropical Areas, J. F. Enriquez-Quiroz, A. R. Quero-Carrillo, J. Perez-Perez, A. Hernandez-Garay, E. Garcia-Moya
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Hymenachne amplexicaluis [( Rudge ) Nees; 2n= 2x= 24; Azuche, West Indian marsh grass] is a native Central and South America C3 grass that grows well under intermittent flooding conditions. It produces good seed set and stolons to thrive on new areas assuring its survival, combined with an efficient N metabolism to promote vigorous new growing leaves and tillers (Antel et al., 1998). Azuche is a dual attribute species when introduced to new areas; it has valuable forage attributes but also is a potential weed (Hill, 2000). As Azuche is a native species, one must deal with in …
Critical Analysis Of Tropical Forage Breeding In Brazil,
2023
Campinas Agronomic Institute, Brazil
Critical Analysis Of Tropical Forage Breeding In Brazil, J. A. Usberti Jr., P. B. Alcantara
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Forage grasses account for 90% of the Brazilian forage seed market while the genera Brachiaria, Panicum and others are responsible for 85, 10 and 5% of the traded grass seeds, respectively. Most of the forage grass and legume cultivars available for sowing in Brazil were selected in germplasm banks during the last 20 years, while few of them were derived from artificial crossings, followed by selection for desirable forage traits. The selection of new genetic materials in germplasm banks (exploitation of naturally-occurring genetic variability) is still feasible but the chances of success are decreasing through time. From now on, …
Occurrence Of Radionuclides And Hazardous Elements In The
Transboundary River Basin Kyrgyzstan–Kazakhstan,
2023
Institute of Nuclear Physics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Occurrence Of Radionuclides And Hazardous Elements In The Transboundary River Basin Kyrgyzstan–Kazakhstan, Mariya A. Severinenko, Vladimir P. Solodukhin, Bekmamat M. Djenbaev, The National Academy Of Science Of The Kyrgyz Republic G. Lennik, Baktiyar T. Zholboldiev, Daniel D. Snow
Nebraska Water Center: Faculty Publications
Important for irrigation, the transboundary river basin between Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan is vulnerable to geochemical and anthropogenic sources of pollution. The use of water use indices, together with measurements of the elemental and radionuclide composition of the water and bottom sediments, provides a means for evaluating the continued use of the water from this region. Recent monitoring shows the highest concentrations of hazardous contaminants include lead and thorium contained in the bottom and banks of the Kichi-Kemin River. These contaminants are likely remnants of an accidental spill at the Aktyuz tailing dump in 1964. The specific activity of the Th-232 …
New Insights Into The Paleovegetation Of The Ancient Underwater Forest Located In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico,
2023
The University of Southern Mississippi
New Insights Into The Paleovegetation Of The Ancient Underwater Forest Located In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Karla Lizarraga Garcia
Master's Theses
A well-preserved remnant of an ancient bald cypress forest (hereafter, Underwater Forest) constitutes the only known archive of a glacial refuge on the once exposed continental shelf of the Northern Gulf of Mexico. This forest existed around 41-72 yBP (MIS 3-5) according to the existing dating methods applied on previous studies. As the climate conditions and sea levels changed, the vegetation of this glacial refuge shifted from bald cypress forests to open marshes, altering the vegetation dynamics. The present research analyzed four new cores (21DF-5A, 21DF-5B, 15DF-6, and 16DF-3A), which provided additional insights into the vegetation that once existed in …
Impact Of Lithological Variation And Topology On The Connectivity And Intensity Of Fracture Networks In Carbonates,
2023
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Impact Of Lithological Variation And Topology On The Connectivity And Intensity Of Fracture Networks In Carbonates, Fahad Qassim
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Assessing fracture network connectivity in reservoirs remains a challenging task because of the complex nature of fracture networks at various length scales, which significantly impacts fluid flow behavior. Outcrop studies are essential for understanding subsurface fracture networks because intersecting fracture sheets' length, orientation, height distribution, and, therefore, network connectivity and intensity are difficult to measure from wellbores and are typically below seismic resolution. Nevertheless, fracture network connectivity is a crucial parameter and a critical factor in understanding, evaluating, and predicting fluid flow behavior in hydrocarbon reservoirs, aquifers, hazardous waste and CO2 storage systems, and geothermal energy exploitation. Moreover, fracture …
Fault Influence On Castle Mesa Fracture Node Pattern,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Fault Influence On Castle Mesa Fracture Node Pattern, Kaitlin Steinauer
Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects
Fracture nodes are useful in determining the connectivity of a fracture pattern which is important when considering hydrogeological and mechanical behavior of a rock. Four node types are used to describe the pattern, including isolated (I), perpendicular abutting (T), low-angle abutting (Y), and cross-cutting (X). Faults can affect a fracture pattern by creating a highly fractured zone in their vicinity. I investigate the Moab Tongue Member of the Entrada Formation at Castle Mesa in Moab, Utah to determine a) how the percentage of different node types changes with distance from the fault, b) any difference in node type proportions between …
The Impact Of Glacial Proximity On The Elemental Composition Of Leachate Derived From Sediment Weathering,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
The Impact Of Glacial Proximity On The Elemental Composition Of Leachate Derived From Sediment Weathering, Karoline Ford
Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects
This study assesses chemical weathering trends as they relate to glacial retreat. The chemical environment of surfaces exposed to the atmosphere differs significantly from beneath a glacier. As a glacier melts, changes to the biogeochemical processes generate environmental gradients. This study analyzed chemical weathering signals at different distances from a glacial front by comparing the elemental composition of leachate derived from sediments in southeastern Greenland. Samples from proglacial, nonglacial, and moraine locations were weathered in a laboratory setting, and ion chromatography was used to determine the elemental composition of the products. Divergent trends in leachate composition were observed as distance …
