Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases Commons^™

Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin And Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio As Indicators Of Nephropathy In Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients In Ghana: A Case-Control Study, Allwell Adofo Ayirebi, Wina Ivy Ofori Boadu, Stephen Twumasi, Samuel Kwarteng, Benedict Sackey, Lilian Antwi Boateng, Joseph Boachie, Samuel Essien-Baidoo, Daniel Nii Martey Antonio, John Agyemang Sah, Afua Marfowaa, Mayfair Adwapa Mpiani, Joachim Baba Domosie, Abiba Khalifah, Emmanuel Ekow Korsah, Ebenezer Senu, Eugene Arele Ansah, Joseph Yorke, Enoch Odame Anto

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (sNGAL), a renal tubular marker, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a hematological inflammatory marker are two biomarkers that have recently received attention, because of their association with kidney disease. This study examined the diagnostic value sNGAL and NLR in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with nephropathy. Materials and Methods: In this hospital-based case-control research, 97 T2DM participants and 70 healthy subjects were included. Participants' information was documented using a structured questionnaire and patient case records. Venous blood was drawn from each participant and early morning midstream urine samples were collected for blood and urine measurements …

Assessing Liver And Iron Markers In Steady State Pediatric Scd Patients To Ascertain The Hepatic Consequences Of Hemotransfusion: A Case-Control Study In Ghana, John Agyemang Sah, Stephen Twumasi, Allwell Adofo Ayirebi, Benedict Sackey, Enoch Odame Anto, Richard Vikpebah Duneeh, Ebenezer Senu, Veronica Barnor, David Boakye, Daniel Nii Martey Antonio, Wina Ivy Ofori Boadu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background and Aims: Between 200,000 and 300,000 children with sickle cell disease (SCD) are born in Africa every year, with 75%–80% of these children living in sub-Saharan Africa. In newborns with SCD, significant iron accumulations may develop because of their increased risk of requiring multiple blood transfusions. This study aimed to assess the hepatic effects of hemotransfusion in pediatric SCD patients in steady state by measuring liver and iron markers. Methods: This case-control research enrolled 120 children with SCD and 60 children without SCD from the Asokwa Children's Hospital Sickle Cell Clinic and Child Welfare Clinic. Participants’ sociodemographic information, history …

Dietary Flavonoid Intake And Psychological Well-Being – A Bidirectional Relationship, Alysha S. Thompson, Nicola P. Bondonno, Yan Lydia Liu, Farah Qureshi, Laura D. Kubzansky, Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald, Julia K. Boehm, Eric B. Rimm, Aedín Cassidy

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background and aim: Higher dietary flavonoid intake has been associated with lower risks of mortality and major chronic disease, yet its relationship with psychological well-being (PWB), a key contributor to health and quality of life, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate bidirectional associations between dietary flavonoid intake and two PWB facets: happiness (positive emotional state) and optimism (generalized expectation of positive outcomes). Specifically, we examined whether (1) overall flavonoid-rich dietary patterns (flavodiet score), (2) intake of specific flavonoid-rich foods, and (3) total flavonoid and subclass intakes were each associated with happiness and optimism over time. Methods: Data were drawn …

A Case Report Of Milk-Alkali Syndrome Secondary To Excessive Antacid Use, Samir Beso, Layla Abubshait

Einstein Health Papers

INTRODUCTION: Milk-alkali syndrome is characterized by the triad of hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis, and acute kidney injury resulting from excessive intake of calcium and absorbable alkali. Despite falling out of prominence with the advent of modern ulcer treatments, milk-alkali syndrome has experienced a resurgence with the widespread availability of over-the-counter calcium preparations, which now account for up to 10% of hypercalcemia cases.

CASE REPORT: A 60-year-old man with multiple comorbidities presented to the emergency department with altered mental status after his scheduled kyphoplasty was canceled due to concerning neurological findings. Laboratory evaluation revealed severe hypercalcemia, marked metabolic alkalosis, and acute kidney …

Clinical Outcomes Of Patients Hospitalized For Conventional Pacemaker Implantation With Protein-Energy Malnutrition, Phuuwadith Wattanachayakul, Pojsakorn Danpanichkul, Chalothorn Wannaphut, Hamza Tahir, John Malin, Thanathip Suenghataiphorn, Kanokphong Suparan, Aman Amanullah

Einstein Health Papers

INTRODUCTION: The impact of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) on patients hospitalized for conventional pacemaker implantation remains poorly understood.

METHODS: We utilized the 2020 U.S. National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database to evaluate the impact of PEM on the in-hospital outcomes of patients who underwent conventional pacemaker implantation. Patients aged 18 and older were identified by ICD-10 CM and PCS codes. Multivariable survey logistic and linear regression analyses were employed to examine in-hospital outcomes, including in-patient mortality, system-based outcomes, and post-procedural complications.

RESULTS: A total of 108 020 patients were identified with 4315 (3.99%) diagnosed with PEM. The mean age of the cohort …

Survival Following Extreme Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis In A Patient With Acute-On-Chronic Kidney Disease Managed With Crrt, Phil Khong, Danielle Sudilovsky, Logan Blackney, Ryan Spilman, Alex Enurah

Continental and Mountain Divisions GME Resarch Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Case Reports: A 66-Year-Old Male With Severe Hypocalcemia In The Setting Of Metastatic Prostate Cancer And Denosumab Use, Danielle Sudilovsky, Marissa Patterson, Sophia Eschelbeck, Madeline Whitney, George Issa

Continental and Mountain Divisions GME Resarch Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis (Eudka) Is A Rare But Serious, Potentially Fatal Complication Of Sglt2 Inhibitors, Praise Ohabor, Alexis Lopez Cruz, Zuhair Ali

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Severe Hypertriglyceridemia (Htg) In Pregnancy, Especially With Nephrotic Syndrome, Alexis Lopez Cruz, Praise Ohabor, Zuhair Ali

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Long Acting Beta2-Adrenergic Receptor Agonists Reverse Diabetic Nephropathy And Liver Steatosis In Murine Models Of Diabetes And Are Associated With Protection In Retrospective Human Studies, Brennan Winkler

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) affects 13.9% of men and 14.3% of women worldwide, a total of approximately 828 million people. Patients with diabetes are at risk of several complications including diabetic nephropathy (DN) and metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). These diseases eventually lead to end stage kidney disease (ESKD) and liver failure requiring dialysis and organ transplantation. In addition, diabetes exacerbates disease severity of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), the most common potentially lethal genetic disease to affect humans with a prevalence of 1 in 500-1000. Therefore, a therapeutic approach that can attenuate organ damage and restore function in patients with DM, …

Decreased Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Capillary Recruitment In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, David Langleben, Stylianos E. Orfanos, Benjamin D. Fox, Michele Giovinazzo, Magali Kaddis, John D. Catravas

Bioelectrics Publications

The human lung normally accommodates exercise-induced cardiac output increases mainly via recruitment of non-concomitantly perfused pulmonary capillaries. Recruitment is detectable by measuring the first-pass transpulmonary metabolism of ³H-benzoyl-Phe-Ala-Pro, providing an estimate of functional capillary surface area (FCSA). Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) results from luminal narrowing of small precapillary arterioles, reducing downstream perfused FCSA. We hypothesized that exercising PAH patients would not be able to recruit FCSA normally. We studied two patients with severe PAH. Despite exercising to maximal dyspnea, neither could recruit FCSA. These limited data are the first direct measurements of FCSA in exercising PAH patients.

Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis In A Young Woman With Mast Cell Activation Syndrome: An Atypical Presentation Associated With An Ultra-Rare Cacna1s Variant, Yasmin Aboutaleb, Ali Moradi, Saba Noreen, Abdullah Sahyouni, Hasin Sharma, Olu Oyesanmi, Ian M. Kahane, Yizhi Lin, Hakan R. Toka

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

When Ckd Isn't What It Seems: A Case Of Lect2 Amyloidosis, Ankita Ojha, Banshi M. Rathi

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Concurrent Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis And Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis In A Patient Without Sglt2 Inhibitor Exposure, Brandon Stevens, Alaa Baqer, Howard Tan, Vikram Shah

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

A Greasy Imposter: A Case Of Profound Hypertriglyceridemia Mimicking Diabetic Ketoacidosis And Severe Hyponatremia, Shania Chishti, Elaheh Boroujeni, Mohammad Hussan Shafiq, Jonathan Xian

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Beyond Clinical Outcomes: The Operational And Financial Benefits Of Insulin Lispro In Hyperkalemia Protocols, Cassandra Van Horn, Kevin Welch, Justin Solomon

MidAmerica Division GME Healthcare Symposium 2026

No abstract provided.

Health Disparities In Cardiovascular Care: The Impact Of Diabetes Education And Post-Discharge Interventions For African American Adults At Risk For And After Myocardial Infarction, Trinity L. Billingsley

Nursing | Senior Theses

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, affecting African American adults at higher rates compared to other racial and ethnic groups. Diabetes as a comorbidity is one of the risk factors of experiencing a myocardial infarction, remaining one of the leading causes of death among individuals with diabetes. Objective: To examine the effectiveness of structured diabetes education tailored to African American adults who are at risk for and after a myocardial infarction. Additionally assessing the complications of a myocardial infarction, the outcomes associated with structured education will be compared to the outcomes of …

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy Findings In Obese Adolescents With Sleep Apnea, Timothy Kearney, Turaj Vazifedan, Cristina M. Baldassari

Department of Otolaryngology (ENT) Faculty Publications

Objective

Data regarding drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) findings in obese adolescents with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are lacking; such information could be used to direct and improve management as there is controversy whether adenotonsillectomy (AT) or positive airway pressure is standard therapy for this population. Our primary objective is to describe DISE findings in obese adolescents.

Study Design

Case-control.

Setting

Tertiary care children's hospital.

Methods

A 10-year retrospective review was conducted of obese adolescents 12 to 21 years old with OSA (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] ≥ 1) that underwent DISE prior to AT. All DISE procedures were scored utilizing a modified …

Metabolism As A Regulator Of Sleep And Cortical Activity In Health And Alzheimer’S Disease, Nicholas J. Constantino

Theses and Dissertations--Neuroscience

Metabolic flexibility is essential for maintaining normal physiological function, enabling an organism to sense, flux, utilize, and switch fuel sources in response to changing energetic availability, demand, and cellular needs. Energetic demands are state-dependent, with wake and sleep exhibiting distinct metabolic profiles. Sleep is highly sensitive to changes in metabolism and requires metabolic flexibility to both transition into and maintain sleep stability. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is increasingly recognized as a disease of altered metabolism yet is often framed as a disease of energetic failure. We instead define AD as a disease of metabolic inflexibility, characterized not by insufficient energy availability, …

A Tale Of Two Serpins: Pathologic And Protective Roles Of Agt And Pai-1 In Metabolic And Cardiovascular Disease, Alex C. Pettey

Theses and Dissertations--Physiology

Metabolic and cardiovascular diseases are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Conditions such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), aortic aneurysm, and cardiac fibrosis have limited pharmacological therapies, underscoring the need for deeper mechanistic investigations. Serine protease inhibitors (serpins) have been implicated in these pathologies and represent potential therapeutic targets. Despite structural homology, serpins regulate diverse physiological processes through both protease inhibition and non-inhibitory mechanisms. This dissertation examines the roles of two serpins, angiotensinogen (AGT) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), in preclinical models of metabolic and cardiovascular disease to identify novel mechanisms that may inform future therapeutic strategies. …