Cardiovascular Diseases Commons^™

Multi-Community Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Education By Medical Students, Kenton L Anderson, Kian Niknam, Larry Laufman, Stefanie S Sebok-Syer, Sara Andrabi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction One purpose of the hands-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (HOCPR) program is to simplify CPR instruction to encourage more bystanders to take action during cardiac arrest. Although the program has been successfully implemented in traditional classroom settings, the utility of large-scale training events has not been well-explored. We hypothesized that CPR knowledge and comfort levels would increase through a large-scale, multi-community HOCPR training event. We also explored what effect this training event had on perceived barriers to bystander-performed CPR. Methods A convenience sample participated in HOCPR training on a single day across 10 Texas cities. A sub-sample completed training questionnaires, including …

Temporal Trends In Percutaneous Coronary Intervention And Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Insights From The Washington Cardiac Care Outcomes Assessment Program, Akash Kataruka, Charles C. Maynard, Kathleen E. Kearney, Ahmed Mahmoud, Sean Bell, Jacob A. Doll, James M. Mccabe, Chistopher Bryson, Hitinder S. Gurm, Salim S. Virani

Office of the Provost

Background: Patient selection and outcomes for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) have changed over the past decade. However, there is limited information on outcomes for both revascularization strategies in the same population. The study evaluated temporal changes in risk profile, procedural characteristics, and clinical outcomes for PCI‐ and CABG‐treated patients.
Methods and Results: We analyzed all PCI and isolated CABG between 2005 and 2017 in nonfederal hospitals in Washington State. Descriptive analysis was performed to evaluate temporal changes in risk profile and, risk‐adjusted in‐hospital mortality. Over the study period, 178 474 PCI and 36 592 …

Bedside Point Of Care Ultrasound Diagnosing Bilateral Valve Involvement In Infective Endocarditis, Corey Cole, Alfredo Tirado, Jonathan Schwadron

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2020

Endocarditis is a well known complication of intravenous drug abuse which classically affects the tricuspid valve. It is usually diagnosed by formal echocardiogram and positive blood cultures. Vegetations involving both the mitral and tricuspid valves are rare, occurring in less than 5% of all cases of infective endocarditis. 1 Here we report a case of a patient with vegetations on both valves which was discovered by point of care ultrasound.

End The Glow!, Roli Kushwaha, Anthony Furiato, Justin Mcnamee

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2020

Aortic dissection (AD) is part of a group of acute aortic syndromes consisting of intramural aortic hematoma, penetrating aortic ulcer, and aortic rupture. On its own, the incidence is ~3 to 8 cases per 100,000 per year, and up to 25% of cases are missed. The in-hospital mortality when treated is 27%, and with a 2% increase in mortality/hour. Imaging modalities like CT angiography, TEE, and MRA have made improved diagnosis of the disease, but are costly, potentially harmful, time consuming, and require patient stability when in use (1). The key question we have as emergency department providers is if …

Associations Of Outdoor Fine Particulate Air Pollution And Cardiovascular Disease In 157 436 Individuals From 21 High-Income, Middle-Income, And Low-Income Countries (Pure): A Prospective Cohort Study, Perry Hystad, Andrew Larkin, Sumathy Rangarajan, Khalid F. Alhabib, Álvaro Avezum, Kevser Burcu Tumerdem Calik, Jephat Chifamba, Antonio Dans, Rafael Diaz, Romaina Iqbal

Community Health Sciences

Background: Most studies of long-term exposure to outdoor fine particulate matter (PM2·5) and cardiovascular disease are from high-income countries with relatively low PM2·5 concentrations. It is unclear whether risks are similar in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and how outdoor PM2·5 contributes to the global burden of cardiovascular disease. In our analysis of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study, we aimed to investigate the association between long-term exposure to PM2·5 concentrations and cardiovascular disease in a large cohort of adults from 21 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries.
Methods: In this multinational, prospective cohort study, we studied 157 436 …

Kounis Syndrome, Charles Doerner, Mark Sawh, Tamer A. Amer, Konstantinos Marmagkiolis

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2020

Kounis syndrome, also known as allergic vasospastic angina, is a type of acute coronary syndrome caused by an allergic reaction or immune response to a substance.[1] It is essentially an “allergic angina” which is believed to be caused by mast cell activation and release of cytokines and histamine causing spasm of the artery leading to acute coronary syndrome and acute myocardial infarction. Stress cardiomyopathy (Takotsubo syndrome), which predominantly affects post-menopausal women, may also occur in anaphylaxis where transient ventricular dysfunction associated with regional ventricular wall abnormalities extending beyond the regions of coronary blood supply ensues.[2] The suspected prevalence of Kounis …

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome: De Novo Variants And Evidence For Mutational Burden In Genes Associated With Atrial Fibrillation, Zeynep H Coban-Akdemir, Wu-Lin Charng, Mahshid Azamian, Ingrid S Paine, Jaya Punetha, Christopher M Grochowski, Tomasz Gambin, Santiago O Valdes, Bryan Cannon, Gladys Zapata, Patricia P Hernandez, Shalini Jhangiani, Harsha Doddapaneni, Jianhong Hu, Fatima Boricha, Donna M Muzny, Eric Boerwinkle, Yaping Yang, Richard A Gibbs, Jennifer E Posey, Xander H T Wehrens, John W Belmont, Jeffrey J Kim, Christina Y Miyake, James R Lupski, Seema R Lalani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is a relatively common arrhythmia affecting ~1-3/1,000 individuals. Mutations in PRKAG2 have been described in rare patients in association with cardiomyopathy. However, the genetic basis of WPW in individuals with a structurally normal heart remains poorly understood. Sudden death due to atrial fibrillation (AF) can also occur in these individuals. Several studies have indicated that despite ablation of an accessory pathway, the risk of AF remains high in patients compared to general population.

METHODS: We applied exome sequencing in 305 subjects, including 65 trios, 80 singletons, and 6 multiple affected families. We used de novo analysis, …

Our Duty Of Care In Pandemic Times, Perryn Ng

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Incidental Cannulation Of Left Ventricular Thebesian Vein, Kalyan Chakravarthy Potu, Jay N Patel, Majd Ibrahim, Sujitha Sree Ketineni, Sudhir Mungee

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Surgical Endoepicardial Linear Ablation For Ventricular Tachycardia With Postinfarction Left Ventricular Aneurysm, Changcheng Liu, Zhaoping Su, Liangshan Wang, Bo Li, Jin Wang, Yang Yu, Chengxiong Gu

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

This retrospective study evaluated the feasibility of surgical endoepicardial linear ablation for ventricular tachycardia in patients with postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm. Sixty-four patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and left ventricular aneurysm but no mural thrombosis of the aneurysm or valve disease were treated at our institution from March 2012 through July 2015. All underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and left ventricular aneurysm repair by linear plication. Twenty-three patients (35.9%) had ventricular tachycardia and underwent surgical endoepicardial linear ablation on the beating heart guided by epicardial substrate mapping with the Carto 3 system. The remaining 41 patients (64.1%) composed …

Altered Mental Status And Hyponatremia After 20 Hours Of Amiodarone Therapy, Andrea Qi, John C Moscona, Justin Reed, Thierry H Le Jemtel

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

A 66-year-old woman with no relevant medical history presented at the emergency department with new-onset atrial fibrillation. We initiated intravenous amiodarone therapy. At 20 hours, the patient experienced severe neurologic symptoms, hyponatremia, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. We discontinued amiodarone, infused saline solution, and restricted the patient's fluid intake. She recovered in 3 days. This case illustrates that amiodarone-induced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone with hyponatremia can occur far earlier than expected during acute amiodarone therapy.

Cardiac Involvement By Burkitt Lymphoma In A 49-Year-Old Man, Kainat Khalid, Nadeen Faza, Nasser M Lakkis, Rashed Tabbaa

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Malignant metastases are among the most common cardiac masses. We report a rare case of cardiac involvement by Burkitt lymphoma in a 49-year-old man who presented with a 2-month history of dyspnea and palpitations. A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed 2 intracardiac masses in the right atrium (one of which partially encased the tricuspid valve), myocardial infiltration, and pericardial disease. Results of pleural fluid cytology and flow cytometry confirmed involvement by Burkitt lymphoma. Subsequent chemotherapy markedly reduced the intracardiac tumor burden and resolved the patient's presenting symptoms. Our case highlights the importance of cardiac imaging in diagnosing systemic illness, initiating early and …

Optimizing P2 Neochordal Length And Stability In Mitral Valve Repair With Use Of A Polypropylene Loop, Anil Ozen, Ertekin Utku Unal, Hamdi Mehmet Ozbek, Gorkem Yigit, Hakki Zafer Iscan

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Determining the optimal length of artificial chordae tendineae and then effectively securing them is a major challenge in mitral valve repair. Our technique for measuring and stabilizing neochordae involves tying a polypropylene suture loop onto the annuloplasty ring. We used this method in 4 patients who had moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation from degenerative posterior leaflet (P2) prolapse and flail chordae. Results of intraoperative saline tests and postoperative transesophageal echocardiography revealed only mild insufficiency. One month postoperatively, echocardiograms showed trivial regurgitation in all 4 patients. We think that this simple, precise method for adjusting and stabilizing artificial chordae will be advantageous in …

Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery For The Treatment Of Cardiovascular Diseases, Rajasekharreddy Pala, Vt Anju, Madhu Dyavaiah, Siddhardha Busi, Surya M. Nauli

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the foremost causes of high morbidity and mortality globally. Preventive, diagnostic, and treatment measures available for CVDs are not very useful, which demands promising alternative methods. Nanoscience and nanotechnology open a new window in the area of CVDs with an opportunity to achieve effective treatment, better prognosis, and less adverse effects on non-target tissues. The application of nanoparticles and nanocarriers in the area of cardiology has gathered much attention due to the properties such as passive and active targeting to the cardiac tissues, improved target specificity, and sensitivity. It has reported that more than …

Mild Acute Inflammation Does Not Impair Maintenance Of Blood Pressure During A Hypotensive Stimulus, Elizabeth C. Schroeder, Thessa I.M. Hilgenkamp, Wesley K. Lefferts, Bo Fernhall

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

Severe acute inflammation, such as sepsis, disrupts autonomic nervous system function and jeopardizes blood pressure regulation [1]. Acute hypotension under normal conditions stimulates baroreceptors to restore blood pressure by activating the sympathetic nervous system to increase heart rate and vasoconstrict peripheral vasculature. Severe acute experimental inflammation (endotoxin) blunts baroreflex-mediated increases in muscle sympathetic nerve activity during reductions in blood pressure and uncouples baroreflex control of heart rate [2]. Whether mild acute inflammation alters the ability to maintain blood pressure during a hypotensive challenge is less clear.

Cumulative Burden Of Financial Hardship From Medical Bills Across The Spectrum Of Diabetes Mellitus And Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Among Non-Elderly Adults In The United States, Reed Mszar, Gowtham R. Grandhi, Javier Valero-Elizondo, César Caraballo, Rohan Khera, Nihar Desai, Salim S. Virani, Ron Blankstein, Michael J. Blaha, Khurram Nasir

Office of the Provost

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has a strong association with diabetes mellitus (DM), accounting for approximately two thirds of deaths in this patient population. Many individuals with ASCVD and DM are vulnerable to financial hardship associated with treatment‐related expenses. Therefore, we examined the burden of financial hardship from medical bills across the spectrum of ASCVD status with and without DM.
Methods and Results: Using data from the National Health Interview Survey from 2013 to 2017, we used logistic regression analysis to examine the association of ASCVD and DM status with financial hardship and an inability to pay medical bills from …

Ethical Analysis Of Scandals In Congenital Heart Surgery Programs, Ian D. Wolfe

Research Days

No abstract provided.

Isolated Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia: An Unusual Presentation Of Acute Myocarditis, Natalie S. Shwaish

Research Days

No abstract provided.

Heart Rate Recovery Following Exercise Testing In Pediatric Patients With Acyanotic Repaired Congenital Heart Disease, Natalie S. Shwaish

Research Days

No abstract provided.

Angiopoietin 1 Protects Against Lps-Induced Acute Lung Injury And Alveolar Remodeling In Neonatal Mice, Umar Salimi

Research Days

No abstract provided.