Chronic Stressors, Obesity Pathogenesis, And The Moderating Effect Of Internalized Weight Stigma; A Quantitative, Illinois Study, 2025 National Louis University
Chronic Stressors, Obesity Pathogenesis, And The Moderating Effect Of Internalized Weight Stigma; A Quantitative, Illinois Study, Karyn Byrne
Dissertations
The obesity epidemic is a ‘wicked’ problem with a complex web of determinants and outcomes. While generally higher for minoritized populations, prevalence rates manifest in surprising, nonlinear patterns. There is no consensus regarding treatment protocols or mitigation efforts, except that current efforts remain largely ineffective. Much research evidence that a profusion of determinants of health support obesity pathogenesis through various physiological processes and mechanisms, including the allostatic load, mitochondria functioning, the gut microbiome, and epigenetics. Intervening to support markers of the allostatic load (immunity, inflammation, and metabolic health) may provide a more effective treatment outcomes than traditional approaches, which tend …
Balancing The Medical, Psychiatric, And Ethical Considerations In The Inpatient Treatment Of Extreme Anorexia Nervosa: A Case Report, 2024 University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine
Balancing The Medical, Psychiatric, And Ethical Considerations In The Inpatient Treatment Of Extreme Anorexia Nervosa: A Case Report, Carter A. Schulz, Carolyn A. Kennedy
Aesculapius Journal (Health Sciences & Medicine)
Introduction: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric illness characterized by restricted energy intake, intense fear of gaining weight, and a disturbance in body image. A 2011 meta-analysis estimated the mortality rate for anorexia nervosa to be over 5 times that of the general population, with one-fifth of deaths in AN patients being due to suicide. Treating this disease is notoriously difficult, and treatment is complicated by these patients’ characteristically poor insight.
Case summary: Here we present the case of a 37 year old woman who visited the ED with complaints of nausea and weakness; she was admitted due to hypoglycemia, …
Innovative Virtual Wellness Interventions At An Academic Medical Center: A Pilot Feasibility Study, 2024 Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, Penn State Health
Innovative Virtual Wellness Interventions At An Academic Medical Center: A Pilot Feasibility Study, Ritika Baweja, Michael Hayes, Aditya Joshi, Raman Baweja
Journal of Wellness
Introduction: There is generally a concerning likelihood of burnout in healthcare workers. Given the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers, our institution identified the need for wellness interventions to foster adaptive functioning and mitigate burnout. The purpose of this pilot project was to assess the feasibility of virtual holistic interventions like meditation, art, laughter therapy and dance and their impact on overall well-being of physicians and advanced practice providers (APPs).
Methods: A series of 12 virtual sessions (art therapy, dance therapy, mindfulness-based practices/meditation and laughter therapy) were offered to providers over a 6-month period. Participants completed an online survey reporting …
Efficacy And Safety Of Once-Weekly Insulin Regimes On Glycemic Control For Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review And Network Meta-Analysis, 2024 Thomas Jefferson University
Efficacy And Safety Of Once-Weekly Insulin Regimes On Glycemic Control For Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review And Network Meta-Analysis, Peng Wang, Yu Zhang, Wenhao Xu, Liyuan Peng, Ping Xu, Weelic Chong, Yang Hai, Lu Jia, Fang Fang
Student Papers, Posters & Projects
Background
Randomized controlled trials have found that once-weekly insulin resulted in greater glycemic control compared to once-daily insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, no direct comparisons have been made between different types of once-weekly insulin thus far. This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of the two most advanced once-weekly insulin analogues, namely insulin icodec and insulin Fc, in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
We conducted a thorough search in the databases PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The search included articles published from the beginning to October 10, …
Utility Of Bariatric Surgery In The Remission Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, 2023 James Madison University
Utility Of Bariatric Surgery In The Remission Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Christine Ercoline, Alyssa Bower, Corinne Singh
Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current
Objective: Assess whether bariatric surgery is more effective than lifestyle modification and medication in the long-term reduction of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose among obese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Design: Systematic literature review. Methods: A PubMed search was performed utilizing the terms bariatric surgery, type 2 diabetes and remission. In PubMed the following limits and terms were used: published in the last 10 years, humans, full text, clinical trial, randomized control trial, and English. Results: An analysis of three randomized control trials (RCTs) supports bariatric surgery as a modality to induce the remission of type 2 …
A Literature Review On Thermogenesis As A Prospective Obesity Treatment, 2023 Liberty University
A Literature Review On Thermogenesis As A Prospective Obesity Treatment, Kellyn Sheppard
Senior Honors Theses
The disease of obesity has quickly escalated from an epidemic to a worldwide pandemic in the last few decades, and viable treatment methods are being investigated with urgency. One such treatment method is increased induction of the thermogenesis pathway that is active in brown adipose tissue. This pathway is typically activated in mammals when they are exposed to cold temperatures for extended periods of time but can also be induced exogenously. Thermogenesis is a metabolically inefficient process that occurs in the mitochondria of a cell, meaning it uses substrate energy without generating ATP. The inefficiency of this process allows excess …
Lifestyle And Dietary Modifications For Reducing Psoriatic Disease Activity: A Comprehensive Review, 2023 University of the Pacific
Lifestyle And Dietary Modifications For Reducing Psoriatic Disease Activity: A Comprehensive Review, Andrea Nguyen, Jessica Garner
Pacific Journal of Health
Abstract: Psoriasis is a prevalent, immune-medication disorder affecting millions of individuals in the United States, leading to substantial healthcare costs (Armstrong, 2021; Brenzinski, 2015). Psoriasis has an established correlation with comorbidities such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, obesity, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome (Al-Mutairi, 2010). Due to the substantial socioeconomic burden psoriatic disease poses on modern day society, significant benefit could be derived from identifying nonprescription strategies for patients to adopt in order to reduce disease activity. This comprehensive review includes 33 publications from 2008 to 2023, evaluating non-prescription therapeutic strategies including lifestyle modification and anti-inflammatory dietary changes. The analysis suggests …
Investigating The Effects Of Subchronic Dietary Zinc Supplementation On Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease., 2023 University of Louisville
Investigating The Effects Of Subchronic Dietary Zinc Supplementation On Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease., Oluwanifemi Esther Bolatimi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Zinc deficiency is associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Previous studies show zinc supplementation improves steatosis, but its therapeutic effects in established MASLD remain unclear. We developed a model to characterize the effects of zinc supplementation on high-fat diet (HFD) induced MASLD and hypothesized established MASLD would be attenuated. Mice were fed control diet or HFD for 12 weeks and then grouped into normal or zinc-supplemented diets for 8 additional weeks. At euthanasia, plasma and liver tissues were collected for phenotypic analysis. Twelve weeks of HFD altered glucose clearance and body composition. Eight weeks of subsequent zinc supplementation …
Improving Effective Care In Obese Patients In A Primary Care Clinic, 2023 University of Louisiana at Monroe
Improving Effective Care In Obese Patients In A Primary Care Clinic, Amy Miller
Journal of Interprofessional Practice and Collaboration
Background: Obesity is a preventable epidemic and costs the United States $200 billion annually. The leading causes of death are linked to obesity.
Local Problem: In a chart review, 53% of patients at a northeast Louisiana primary care clinic were obese. However, none were offered comprehensive lifestyle intervention. The aim was to increase the percentage of patients with BMI < 30 kg/m2 to 60% over 8 weeks.
Methods: A rapid-cycle quality improvement initiative was implemented using four Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles over 8 weeks. Each cycle produced tests of change related to screening, patient and team engagement, and assessing effective care. Run charts and aggregate tables were used to analyze …
Perceptions Of Diabetes Distress And Counseling During The Pandemic - Rural Provider Perspectives, 2023 West Virginia University School of Public Health
Perceptions Of Diabetes Distress And Counseling During The Pandemic - Rural Provider Perspectives, Ranjita Misra, Brenna O. Kirk, William D. Lewis
Marshall Journal of Medicine
Introduction
West Virginia is an Appalachian rural state that ranks highest in the nation in the prevalence of diabetes (16.2%). The COVID-19 pandemic impacted routine diabetes care. As a result, individuals experienced diabetes distress over the physical and psychological burdens of diabetes management. In rural and medically underserved counties (71%), diabetes care is often provided by primary care physicians. However, healthcare providers’ perspectives on diabetes distress and related counseling to address them are unclear. This cross-sectional study’s objective was to explore healthcare providers’ (HCP) perspectives regarding their patient’s diabetes distress and how it guided their counseling for diabetes self-care during …
Putting The Dietary Guidelines For Americans Into Action Through The National Strategy On Hunger, Nutrition, And Health, 2023 Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health, Department of Health and Human Services
Putting The Dietary Guidelines For Americans Into Action Through The National Strategy On Hunger, Nutrition, And Health, Rachel Fischer, Katrina L. Piercy, Janet M. De Jesus, Paul Reed, Rachel L. Levine
Journal of Food Law & Policy
The United States is facing a crisis of widespread food insecurity and exceedingly high rates of diet-related diseases like diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. To address this challenge and set a course for improved nutrition and food access nationwide, the Biden-Harris Administration hosted the first White House Conference on Hunger, Nutrition, and Health in over 50 years on September 28, 2022. In the National Strategy, released in conjunction with the Conference, the Administration identified a set of actions that the federal government will take to help achieve its goal of ending hunger and increasing healthy eating and physical activity by 2030, …
Special Issue: Hunger, Nutrition, And Health, 2023 Former Domestic Policy Advisor
Special Issue: Hunger, Nutrition, And Health, Susan Rice
Journal of Food Law & Policy
Everyday millions of Americans face barriers to accessing food, housing, and other supports–––making the impossible decision of whether to put food on the table or cover other essential needs. Food insecurity and diet-related diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes, affect people of all ages and in all communities. It was for this reason that the Biden-Harris Administration hosted the White House Conference on Hunger, Nutrition, and Health in September 2022. As the President said at the Conference, “No child should go to bed hungry. No parent should die of a disease that can be prevented.” It will require all …
Gene By Environment Interaction And Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease In Mexican American Patients With Depression, 2023 The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Gene By Environment Interaction And Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease In Mexican American Patients With Depression, Khalid Sheikh, Vincent P. Diego, Sandra L. Laston, Eron G. Manusov, Sarah Williams-Blangero, John Blangero
Research Colloquium
Knowledge of genetic and environmental (G x E) interaction effects on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of G x E interaction effects on MAFLD in Mexican Americans in the Rio Grande Valley (RGV). The environment examined was depression as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). We examined potential G x E interaction in the phenotypic expression of MAFLD, including hepatic steatosis and hepatic fibrosis, using variance component models and likelihood-based statistical inference. Significant G x E interactions were identified for hepatic fibrosis x BDI-II. These findings provide …
Fat Distribution And Differential Effects On Metabolic Liver Fat Infiltration In Young Mexicans In Reynosa, Mexico: A Collaborative Study Across The U.S.-Mexico Border, 2023 Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas
Fat Distribution And Differential Effects On Metabolic Liver Fat Infiltration In Young Mexicans In Reynosa, Mexico: A Collaborative Study Across The U.S.-Mexico Border, Esperanza Milagros Garcia-Oropesa, Adriana Leticia Perales-Torres, Estrella Martinez-Lopez, Claudia Munguia-Cisneros, Edna Nava-Gonzalez, Monserrat Perez-Navarro, Marisol Rosas-Diaz, Neyla Baltazar, Alvaro Diaz-Badillo, Octelina Castillo-Ruiz, Joselin Hernandez-Ruiz, Srinivas Mummidi, Laura Yanneth Ramirez-Quintanilla, Carlos Ramirez-Pfeiffer, Juan Carlos Lopez-Alvarenga
Research Symposium
Introduction: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a descriptive term for NAFLD (Non-alcoholic) physiopathology associated with obesity. The age of onset linked to body fat distribution is poorly studied. Therefore, we aimed to assess the body fat effect on liver fat infiltration and stiffness (LSt) mediated by insulin resistance (IR).
Methods: After obtaining informed consent, five hundred freshmen from two universities in Reynosa, Mexico (UMAN & UAT) were enrolled in the study. They completed a questionnaire focused on familial cardiometabolic risk and provided anthropometric measurements. In a subset of N=200, we obtained blood samples for biochemical measurements, body fat percentage …
Vitamin D Deficiency Among Children And Adolescents Living In Sunny South Texas, 2023 Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
Vitamin D Deficiency Among Children And Adolescents Living In Sunny South Texas, Yoscelina E. Martinez-Lopez, Margarita Faz, Beatriz Tapia, Juan C. Lopez-Alvarenga, Francisco J. Cervantes
Research Symposium
Background: Exposure to sunlight is essential to produce Vitamin D (ViD). Recent studies suggest obesity is associated with low ViD concentration. Living in South Texas with 220 sunny days a year should be enough to maintain adequate ViD levels. We aimed to analyze ViD levels and obesity in children and adolescents.
Methods: We included 1239 pediatric (1.5 to 18.8 years old) participants (primary care clinic from Laredo) with registered CDC percentiles of BMI (pBMI) and serum concentrations of ViD (Atellica™). Data are described as median (p25, p75), Loess correlation between pBMI and ViD, ANCOVA to adjust by age, sex, and …
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages And Artificially Sweetened Beverages Consumption And The Risk Of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver (Nafld) And Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (Nash), 2023 LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages And Artificially Sweetened Beverages Consumption And The Risk Of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver (Nafld) And Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (Nash), Tung Sung Tseng, Wei Ting Lin, Peng Sheng Ting, Chiung Kuei Huang, Po Hung Chen, Gabrielle V. Gonzalez, Hui Yi Lin
School of Public Health Faculty Publications
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are fast becoming the most common chronic liver disease and are often preventable with healthy dietary habits and weight management. Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is associated with obesity and NAFLD. However, the impact of different types of SSBs, including artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), is not clear after controlling for total sugar intake and total caloric intake. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the consumption of different SSBs and the risk of NAFLD and NASH in US adults. The representativeness of 3739 US adults aged ≥20 years …
An Examination Of The Relationships Between The Neighborhood Social Environment, Adiposity, And Cardiometabolic Disease Risk In Adolescence: A Cross-Sectional Study, 2023 LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans
An Examination Of The Relationships Between The Neighborhood Social Environment, Adiposity, And Cardiometabolic Disease Risk In Adolescence: A Cross-Sectional Study, Kara D. Denstel, Robbie A. Beyl, Denise M. Danos, Maura M. Kepper, Amanda E. Staiano, Katherine T. Theall, Tung Sung Tseng, Stephanie T. Broyles
School of Public Health Faculty Publications
Background: Disadvantaged neighborhood environments are a source of chronic stress which undermines optimal adolescent health. This study investigated relationships between the neighborhood social environment, specifically, chronic stress exposures, adiposity, and cardiometabolic disease risk factors among 288 Louisiana adolescents aged 10 to 16 years. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized baseline data from the Translational Investigation of Growth and Everyday Routines in Kids (TIGER Kids) study. Adolescent data were obtained using self-reported questionnaires (demographics and perceived neighborhood disorder), anthropometry, body imaging, and a blood draw while objective neighborhood data for the concentrated disadvantage index were acquired from the 2016 American Community Survey …
Adherence To A Gluten-Free Diet And Depression, And Nutrient Distribution In Participants With Celiac Disease, 2023 Mississippi State University
Adherence To A Gluten-Free Diet And Depression, And Nutrient Distribution In Participants With Celiac Disease, Mohammad K. Shushari
Theses and Dissertations
Celiac disease (CD), an autoimmune disorder affecting millions of Americans, poses significant obstacles leading to a normal life. With no known cure, adherence to a strict glutenfree diet (GFD) is essential. However, the cost and limited availability of gluten-free alternatives can burden individuals with CD. Additionally, factors such as socioeconomic status, nutrient deficiencies, and the nature of the disease may contribute to mental health issues. This study aimed to investigate the influence of adherence to a GFD on depression in CD patients. The prevalence of depression among individuals with CD from diverse backgrounds was examined, along with the analysis of …
Effectiveness Of Intervention Studies Based On Diet And/Or Physical Activity In Treatment, Prevention, And Management Of Diabetes Among South Asians: A Systematic Review, 2023 Mississippi State University
Effectiveness Of Intervention Studies Based On Diet And/Or Physical Activity In Treatment, Prevention, And Management Of Diabetes Among South Asians: A Systematic Review, Ishaan Arora
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to describe diet and/or physical activity-based interventions and their control in cardiometabolic risk factors of diabetes for the South Asian (SA) population. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Seventeen randomized control trials meeting the inclusion criteria were included for analysis. Interventions with type-2 diabetic SA showed significant improvements in HbA1c% (4/5 studies), fasting blood glucose (3/4 studies), and postprandial glucose (2/2 studies). Interventions with at-risk/prediabetic and non-diabetic SA showed a modest change in overall outcomes, with significant change reported for post-prandial insulin (3/4 studies), BMI and weight (2/4 studies), …
Dietary Intake During A Pragmatic Cluster-Randomized Weight Loss Trial In An Underserved Population In Primary Care, 2023 Pennington Biomedical Research Center
Dietary Intake During A Pragmatic Cluster-Randomized Weight Loss Trial In An Underserved Population In Primary Care, John W. Apolzan, Corby K. Martin, Robert L. Newton, Candice A. Myers, Connie L. Arnold, Terry C. Davis, William D. Johnson, Dachuan Zhang, Christoph Höchsmann, Vivian A. Fonseca, Kara D. Denstel, Emily F. Mire, Benjamin F. Springgate, Carl J. Lavie, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Phillip Brantley, Ronald Horswell, Tina K. Thethi, Jonathan Gugel, Eboni Price-Haywood, Kathleen B. Kennedy, Daniel F. Sarpong
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Background: Currently there are limited data as to whether dietary intake can be improved during pragmatic weight loss interventions in primary care in underserved individuals. Methods: Patients with obesity were recruited into the PROPEL trial, which randomized 18 clinics to either an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) or usual care (UC). At baseline and months 6, 12, and 24, fruit and vegetable (F/V) intake and fat intake was determined. Outcomes were analyzed by repeated-measures linear mixed-effects multilevel models and regression models, which included random cluster (clinic) effects. Secondary analyses examined the effects of race, sex, age, and food security status. Results: …