Geological Engineering Commons^™

Wetting-Driven Formation Of Present-Day Loess Structure, Yanrong Li, Weiwei Zhang, Shengdi He, Adnan Aydin

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 The Authors Present-day loess, especially Malan loess formed in Later Quaternary, has a characteristic structure composed of vertically aligned strong units and weak segments. Hypotheses describing how this structure forms inside original loess deposits commonly relate it to wetting-drying process. We tested this causal relationship by conducting unique experiments on synthetic samples of initial loess deposits fabricated by free-fall of loess particles. These samples were subjected to a wetting-drying cycle, and their structural evolutions were documented by close-up photography and CT scanning. Analysis of these records revealed three key stages of structural evolution: initiation (evenly distributed cracks appear …

Design And Development Of A Machine Vision System Using Artificial Neural Network-Based Algorithm For Automated Coal Characterization, Amit Kumar Gorai, Simit Raval, Ashok Kumar Patel, Snehamoy Chatterjee, Tarini Gautam

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Coal is heterogeneous in nature, and thus the characterization of coal is essential before its use for a specific purpose. Thus, the current study aims to develop a machine vision system for automated coal characterizations. The model was calibrated using 80 image samples that are captured for different coal samples in different angles. All the images were captured in RGB color space and converted into five other color spaces (HSI, CMYK, Lab, xyz, Gray) for feature extraction. The intensity component image of HSI color space was further transformed into four frequency components (discrete cosine transform, discrete wavelet transform, discrete Fourier …

Global Aeolian Dust Variations And Trends: A Revisit Of Dust Event And Visibility Observations From Surface Weather Stations, Xin Xi

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

This study revisits the use of horizontal visibility and manually reported present weather (ww) records from the NOAA Integrated Surface Database (ISD) for characterizing the aeolian dust variability and recent trends over the globe and three largest source regions (North Africa, Middle East, and East Asia). Due to its qualitative nature, ww is combined with visibility to derive a new variable, VI, which has higher correlations with the dust emission and burden from satellite observations and global aerosol reanalyses than does the dust event frequency (FR) derived from ww only. Both FR and VI capture …

Utilizing Hyperspectral Remote Sensing For Soil Gradation, Jordan Ewing, T. Oommen, Paramsothy Jayakumar, Russell Alger

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Soil gradation is an important characteristic for soil mechanics. Traditionally soil gradation is performed by sieve analysis using a sample from the field. In this research, we are interested in the application of hyperspectral remote sensing to characterize soil gradation. The specific objective of this work is to explore the application of hyperspectral remote sensing to be used as an alternative to traditional soil gradation estimation. The advantage of such an approach is that it would provide the soil gradation without having to obtain a field sample. This work will examine five different soil types from the Keweenaw Research Center …

A Mathematical Framework For Estimating Risk Of Airborne Transmission Of Covid-19 With Application To Face Mask Use And Social Distancing, Rajat Mittal, Charles Meneveau, Wen Wu

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 Author(s). A mathematical model for estimating the risk of airborne transmission of a respiratory infection such as COVID-19 is presented. The model employs basic concepts from fluid dynamics and incorporates the known scope of factors involved in the airborne transmission of such diseases. Simplicity in the mathematical form of the model is by design so that it can serve not only as a common basis for scientific inquiry across disciplinary boundaries but it can also be understandable by a broad audience outside science and academia. The caveats and limitations of the model are discussed in detail. The model …

Phytoremediation Of Mining Contaminated Soil And Groundwater By Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) And Locally Adapted Native Plants, Nathan Carpenter

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Phytoremediation is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective method of using plants to remediate soils and groundwater by extracting and accumulating contaminants in their tissues. Using locally adapted native plants is preferable to non-native species due to native species being accustomed to the environmental conditions allowing for increased plant growth and fitness. It is typical to use hyperaccumulator plant species since they will grow in soils with very high concentrations of metals and metalloids and show efficient ability to recover (phytoextraction potential) and accumulate (bioconcentration factor) the contaminants in its tissues.

This study focuses on using thirteen locally adapted native plant …

Practical Measurement Of Size Distribution Of Blasted Rocks Using Lidar Scan Data, Irfan C. Engin, Norbert H. Maerz, Kenneth J. Boyko, Robert Reals

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Majority of the world's mine production is made by surface mining facilities for various reasons. Use of explosives is the most economical way in loosening of the main rock where hard rock formations exist. The degree of fragmentation affects the subsequent excavation and loading operations as well as indicates the success of the blasting process. Although the most preferred method for the measurement of fragment size of blasted rock is digital image analysis, the method also includes some limitations and errors. In this study, size distribution of the blasted rock was measured directly using laser scanning-LiDAR technology and a new …

Improving Methods Of Energy- Efficient Operation Of Drilling Equipment Using Vortex Tubes When Drilling Wells With Air Purging, R.U. Djuraev, J.B. Toshov, D.N. Khatamova

Technical science and innovation

The practice of drilling has proven that the use of compressed air as a cleaning agent provides a significant increase in ROP (mechanical drilling speed) and reduces the time spent on eliminating geological complications, which sharply increases the productivity and economy of drilling operations.

However, air has a low heat capacity compared to liquid flushing solutions, this affects the operation of rock cutting tools through high contact temperatures with irreversible consequences such as deformation of matrices, destruction of diamonds, grinding, reduction of diamond hardness and tool burns. To prevent these problems, there is a need to develop technical means and …

The Necessity Of Utilizing Internal Blading At Steep-Falling Deposits, R.Sh. Naimova, S.J. Djuraev, K.Y. Norova, В. N. Sytenkov

Technical science and innovation

The article discusses the necessity to form internal blades in deep steep falling deposits. The experience of formation and the scheme of blading of internal blades in open-cast mines with different mining and geological conditions is summarized. The prospective solution of formation of internal blades for deep quarry Muruntau is given and their prerequisites are defined

Laboratory Study Of Parameters Of Contour Blasting In The Formation Of Slopes Of The Sides Of The Career, Sh.Sh. Zairov, Sh.R. Urinov, A.B. Tukhtashev, Y.A. Borovkov

Technical science and innovation

Explored theoretically the interaction of explosive charges in the preliminary gap formation in quarries. A methodology has been developed for conducting experimental studies of blast well contour explosions on models, which allows one to investigate crack formation on volumetric models and wave interaction using high-speed video recording of the explosion process in transparent models, as well as determine the parameters of explosion stress waves in samples of real rocks. Theoretical and laboratory researches have established that only the creation of a screening gap for the entire height of the non-working ledge allows you to get a virtually undisturbed array with …

Research Of The Influence Of Technological Factors On The State Of The Sides Of Deep Quarries, D.R. Mahmudov, V.R. Kadirov, Sh.V. Karimov, Y.R. Hamraev

Technical science and innovation

The article considers the influencing technological factors of mining operations on the state of the quarry sides. In technological processes, the stability of the sides of rock and semi-rock rocks and the value of the angle of inclination of the sides is most affected by drilling and blasting operations. It is determined that effective technological schemes in the zone of residual deformations should be carried out taking into account the geological structure of the contour array. Changing the opening scheme is associated with the development system and mining mode. To ensure the safety of the sides of deep quarries, several …

Research Of The Stress-Strain State Of The Rock In Contact With The Elements Of The Drill Bit During Drilling, L.G. Toshniyozov, J.B. Toshov, Liu Songyong

Technical science and innovation

Research of the interaction of rock-cutting tools with rock with various approaches is presented in the article. In contrast to analytical and experimental methods with their limited and costly applicability, it is proposed to use numerical modeling to better represent the mechanics of rock destruction, to visualize the stages of destruction in a short time and in a cheaper way. This article allows to get an idea that using the finite element method can get mathematical modeling of plastic deformation, assess the stress-strain state of the bit and optimize the structural elements and working conditions of the rock cutting tool, …

An Algorithm For Controlling A Traction Asynchronous Drive That Minimizes Electrical Power Losses, A.M. Burhanhodjaev, U.T. Berdiev, E.V. Iksar, C.N. Kayumov

Technical science and innovation

Abstract: The article discusses the improvement of traction and energy performance main-line locomotives due to more complete use of possibilities of flexible microprocessor control and efficient algorithm that provides reduction of electrical losses in the traction asynchronous drive over the entire range working capacity. In the best way for a promising loco is tract with using a traction asynchronous drive. Such kind of tract drives allow completely use of the coupling mass of loco compares with collector track drive, due to the absence of a collector it is possible to increase the active length of the rotor and high reliability …

Quantitative Analysis Of The Relationship Between The Size And Location Of Oil And Gas Fields With Gravitational Anomalies Of The Fergana Depression, R. A. Umurzakov, S. A. Rabbimkulov

Technical science and innovation

Based on the analysis of published materials, it is noted that the degree of connection between the indicators of the anomalies of the gravitational field and oil and gas content remains unclear. The aim of the research was to study the nature of the dependence and assess the degree of connection between the size and location of oil and gas fields with gravitational anomalies using the example of the Fergana oil and gas region. To solve this problem, the published material on the geological structure and data on the sizes (effective volume) of deposits, as well as data on deep …

Self-Heating And Spontaneous Combustion Angren Brown Coal, M.A. Israilov, T.G. Akbarov, Y.T. Nurboboyev

Technical science and innovation

The article presents the issues of prevention and prevention of processes related to ensuring safe and comfortable working conditions in the development of coal deposits, namely the study of spontaneous combustion of coal Angren deposit. Chemical activity of coals at low temperatures contributing to spontaneous combustion is emphasized, as well as the influence of hot climate in the region on the increase in chemical activity of coals. In this connection, climatic conditions of the region have been studied, i.e., increased temperature (from +250 to +500C) gives a sharp increase in the chemical activity of Angren coal. The main parameter that …

Conditions Of Formation Of Sulfide Waters In Paragenesis With Evaporite And Oil And Gas-Based Formations In The Artesian Pools Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, M. R. Juraev, G.A. Bimurzaev, B. H. Razykov, B. Kh. Khaidarov

Technical science and innovation

The lithological-facies factor is considered with the aim of studying the natural and geological conditions in which hydrogen sulfide waters are formed in gas and oil fields in the artesian basins of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The distribution of hydrogen sulfide waters is closely related to the areas of joint development of halogen rocks and oil and gas complexes. Since the term “paragenesis” refers to the joint finding of minerals or chemical elements genetically related, this map is a map of the paragenesis of hydrogen sulfide waters with evaporites and oil and gas complexes. In the absence of one of …

Automated Interactive 3d Geospatial Data Assimilation, Formatting And Visualization System For Development Of Subsurface Conceptual Site Models, Aaron Cattley, Gavin Hudgeons, Bruce Lee

SMU Data Science Review

The natural evolution of the collection and storage of sub- surface data in Texas has resulted in the current state where data for certain resources, such as water resources, have not been assimilated with state oil and gas and injection data in a meaningful way that allows for rapid understanding and data analysis for a physical land site. The consequences that result due to data from different spheres not being in sync are often duplication of work being performed but not in a consistent manner. However, the reality is that the infrastructure and impacts of these sectors are deeply intertwined. …

Service Life Of Prestressed High-Strength Concrete Pile In Marine Environment Considering Effects Of Concrete Stratification And Temperature, Lin Li, Weibing Gong, Jingpei Li

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Prestressed high-strength concrete (PHC) piles have advantages of light weight and high load carrying capacity, which have been widely applied in coastal and offshore engineering. However, PHC piles serving in the coastal or offshore regions have already undergone severe durability problem. This paper presents a comprehensive method for predicting the service life of PHC piles in the marine environment, which reasonably takes the temperature effects and the concrete stratification caused by centrifugation of PHC piles into account. The pile service life is divided into the diffusion and corrosion periods. The service life of the diffusion period is predicted by solving …

A Comparison Study Using Particle Swarm Optimization Inversion Algorithm For Gravity Anomaly Interpretation Due To A 2d Vertical Fault Structure, Neil Lennart Anderson, Khalid S. Essa, Mahmoud Elhussein

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A new approach to the inversion of gravity data utilizing the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to model 2D vertical faults. The PSO algorithm is stochastic in nature; its development was motivated by the communal in-flight performance of birds looking for food. The birds are represented by particles (or models). Individual particles have a location and a velocity vector. The location vectors represent the parameter value. PSO is adjusted with random particles (models) and searches for targets by updating generations. Herein, the PSO algorithm is applied to three synthetic data sets (residual only with and without noise, residual …

Effects Of Clay Creep On Long-Term Load-Carrying Behaviors Of Bored Piles: Aiming At Reusing Existing Bored Piles, Lin Li, Weibing Gong, Jingpei Li, Jingpei Li

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An analytical procedure is presented for assessing the long-term load-carrying behavior of bored piles in clay, where the plastic volumetric strain of surrounding clay caused by creep is estimated by an advanced elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model. Two key soil parameters, the undrained shear strength and the shear modulus, which govern the load-carrying behavior of bored piles in clay, are determined from the definition of the quasi-over consolidation ratio and the concept of the critical state theory-based Cam-clay model. The long-term load-carrying capacity of bored piles is evaluated based on the total stress method. Hyperbolic load-transfer models are developed with proper incorporation …