Health and Physical Education Commons^™

The Importance Of Leadership: An Investigation Of Effects Of Transformational Leadership On Middle School Students Intrinsic Motivation And Expectancy-Value In Physical Education, Minhyun Kim

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

The leadership practices exhibited by physical education teachers have been found to have a significant impact on promoting students learning. The main purpose of this study was to explore: (a) differences on middle school students' perception regarding expectancy-value and intrinsic motivation according to their grade, gender, and ethnicity, (b) the relationship between physical education teachers' transformational leadership and middle school students' expectancy-value and intrinsic motivation. To conduct this study, three questionnaires were employed: transformational teaching questionnaire (Beauchamp et al., 2010), expectancy-value questionnaire (Duncan & Tammen, 1989), and intrinsic motivation index (Eccles & Wigfield, 1995). A total of 295 middle school …

Nebline, June 2016

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: The Garden Grocery — Food Safety & Selection at Farmers’ Markets

Food & Health

Farm & Acreage

Pests & Wildlife

Horticulture

Early Childhood

4-H & Youth

Extension Calendar

and other extension news and events

Summer Dehydration, Rodney Richmond

Faculty Research ​and Publications

No abstract provided.

Time Changes In The Body Dimensions Of Male Australian Army Personnel Between 1977 And 2012, Grant Tomkinson, Nathan Daniell, Ashley Fulton, Alistair Furnell

Education, Health & Behavior Studies Faculty Publications

The aim of this study was to quantify time changes in the body dimensions of male Australian Army personnel. Following a systematic review, two studies were identified and matched for occupation and age (n = 669) with time changes in 12 absolute and 11 proportional body dimensions assessed between 1977 and 2010–12. Changes in means were expressed as absolute, percent and standardised changes, with changes in variability assessed visually and as the ratio of coefficients of variation (CVs). Time changes in absolute dimensions were typically positive (increases) and moderate in magnitude (median standardised change ± 95%CI: 0.53 ± 0.23), …

International Normative 20 M Shuttle Run Values From 1 142 026 Children And Youth Representing 50 Countries, Grant Tomkinson, Justin J. Lang, Mark S. Tremblay, Michael Dale, Allana G. Leblanc, Kevin Belanger, Francisco B. Ortega, Luc Léger

Education, Health & Behavior Studies Faculty Publications

Objective To develop sex-specific and age-specific international norms for the 20 m shuttle run test (20mSRT) in children and youth (aged 9–17 years), and to estimate the prevalence meeting the FITNESSGRAM criterion-referenced standards for healthy cardiorespiratory endurance (CRE).

Methods A systematic review was undertaken to identify papers explicitly reporting descriptive 20mSRT (with 1 min stages) data on children and youth since 1981. Data were included on apparently healthy (free from known disease/injury) 9–17 years old. Following standardisation to a common metric and for protocol differences, pseudo data were generated using Monte Carlo simulation, with population-weighted sex-specific and age-specific normative centiles …

Increasing Access To Primary Care Using Np’S: The Framework For An Academic Based Nurse-Managed Center In California, Prabjot (Jodie) Sandhu

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

The dynamics of health care delivery and the role of health care providers is a changing canvas in the United States. The implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), sets a goal to increase access to health care. The systems that support the ACA are constantly under scrutiny as failing to provide key answers to provider shortage and health care access issues. Nurse Practitioners (NPs) who are recognized by the ACA as a comprehensive part of this revolution are in a unique place to find opportunities to promote increased access to health and primary care services. While NPs in California …

Predicting Social Responsibility And Belonging In Urban After-School Physical Activity Programs With Underserved Children, Jeffry J. Martin, Brigid Byrd, Alex Garn, Nate Mccaughtry, Noel Kulik, Erin Centeio

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

The purpose of this cross sectional study was to predict feelings of belonging and social responsibility based on the motivational climate perceptions and contingent self-worth of children participating in urban after-school physical activity programs. Three-hundred and four elementary school students from a major Midwestern city participated. Based on multiple regression analyses we predicted 39 % of the variance in feelings of belonging largely due to perceptions of leadership emotional support and task climate and 31 % of the variance in feelings of social responsibility largely due to perceptions of a caring climate. Our findings support the importance of after school …

The Relevance Of Neuroscientific Research For Understanding Clinical Reasoning, Jerome. I. Rotgans, Naomi Low-Beer, Lucy Victoria Rosby

Health Professions Education

The current debate on clinical reasoning revolves primarily around Dual-Process Theory. This theory suggests that there are two distinctively separate cognitive systems underlying thinking and reasoning; commonly referred to as System 1 and System 2.1 System 1 is considered intuitive, fast and reliant on automatic activation of “illness scripts” stored in memory and leading to effortless pattern recognition. System 2 on the other hand is considered analytic, slow, deliberate, and systematic. The clinical reasoning literature is divided; one group of researchers defending System 1 reasoning as the hallmark of expert decision-making, whereas the other camp of researchers considers System 2 …

The Effect Of Patients' Appearance On Doctors’ Diagnostic Decision Making: Do Poor People Get Poorer Medical Care?, Fathia Mohamed, Silvia Mamede, Manahil Mohamedani, Ibrahim Al Alwan, Mohi Eldin M. Magzoub, Henk G. Schmidt

Health Professions Education

Purpose: Health inequalities are of great concern to health providers. Studies on the influence of social class on diagnostic performance are rare and inconclusive. We investigated whether patients’ appearance (poor versus rich) affects physicians thinking and their ability to reach a correct diagnosis. Method: Forty-six internal medicine residents participated in this purposely designed computerized study. Every participant solved four case scenarios with one of two versions of a patient's picture for each scenario. In this study simulated patients’ pictures were used to play the role of poor and dirty patients in one condition and rich and clean in another condition. …

Role Of Suez Canal University, Faculty Of Medicine In Egyptian Medical Education Reform, Somay Hosny, Yasser El Wazir, Mohamed El Kalioby, Ola Farouk, Mona Ghaly

Health Professions Education

There are currently 22 public and 2 private medical schools in Egypt, which graduate around 10,000 physicians annually. While Kasr Al-Eini (Cairo University) is the oldest one; established in 1827, the Suez Canal Faculty of Medicine (FOM/SCU) is the first to adopt an integrated, student centered, problem- and community-based curriculum since its inauguration in 1978. Apart from Port Said medical school, which was established in 2013, the remaining medical schools either generally adopt the conventional teacher-centered and subject-based curricula or starting to introduce changes in their curricula in order to fulfill the National Academic Reference Standards (NARS), published in 2008 …

Big Five Personality Traits And Assertiveness Do Not Affect Mastery Of Communication Skills, Jeroen Kuntze, Henk T. Van Der Molen, Marise Ph. Born

Health Professions Education

Background: Mastering communication skills is often emphasized as an important aspect of job or academic performance. However, research into the relationships between personality factors and these skills is scarce. Purpose: This study investigated whether the big-five personality factors and assertiveness predict mastery of communication skills before and after following communication skills training. Method: The skills level of 143 psychology students was assessed after two communication skills courses, namely a basic and an advanced communication skills training. Personality factors were assessed with the Five Factor Personality Inventory and the Scale for Interpersonal Behavior. Results: Participants showed substantial progress in their mastery …

Experiential Learning, Spatial Visualization And Metacognition: An Exercise With The “Blank Page” Technique For Learning Anatomy, Helen L. Naug, Natalie J. Colson, Daniel Donner

Health Professions Education

Purpose: Undergraduate students in the allied health science disciplines are normally required to complete a human anatomy course in their first year. Such courses, while popular, present challenges in that the content requires students to engage different approaches to learning. Recent literature reflects an increased interest in active, experiential learning activities to improve the learning of anatomy and physiology, but activities that focus on the development of metacognitive skills and visual-spatial thinking have been lacking. To address these inadequacies we developed a plasticine modeling and drawing activity in a tutorial room devoid of resources and visual cues referred to as …

How Biomedical Misconceptions May Arise And Affect Medical Students' Learning: A Review Of Theoretical Perspectives And Empirical Evidence, Elmi Badenhorst, Nadia Hartman, Sílvia Mamede

Health Professions Education

The debate on whether biomedical knowledge contributes significantly to the clinical reasoning process is on-going. Despite this debate, one cannot underestimate that subjects such as anatomy and physiology play a key role in the understanding of the human body. Misconceptions that exist or arise in biomedical subjects, such as physiology and anatomy, can impact on the learning processes of medical students. The present paper presents an overview of research in the field of biomedical misconceptions and consists of two parts. First, the authors draw on three theoretical frameworks, constructivism, concept formation and element interactivity in complex reasoning, to offer insight …

The Effects Of Problem-Based-Learning On The Academic Achievements Of Medical Students In One Japanese Medical School, Over A Twenty-Year Period, Masayuki Niwa, Takuya Saiki, Kazuhiko Fujisaki, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Phillip Evans

Health Professions Education

Purpose: This investigation considered the cognitive outcomes, expressed by the academic achievement scores in basic and clinical sciences and the National Licensing Examination results of medical undergraduates. Method: Cognitive outcomes were compared using the academic achievement scores in basic and clinical science and the National Medical Licensing Examination pass rates, during the two periods pre- and post-PBL. Results: The scores, were significantly higher post-PBL. Scores in clinical science were significantly higher in both male and female students post-PBL. Before PBL, the scores for female students were higher, whereas no difference between males and females was observed post-PBL. Discussion: The results …

Emotionally Difficult Experiences Faced By Medical Students During Training, Telma Kremer, Sílvia Mamede, Jarbas S. Roriz Filho, Álvaro J. Madeiro Leite

Health Professions Education

Purpose: To investigate (1) emotions-triggering situations faced by medical students; (2) their prevalence across training; (3) whether they aroused student's emotions, and (4) whether students' reactions varied across training. Method: A pilot study analysed 60 written reports from 4th-year medical students from the Federal University of Ceará, Brazil, regarding recent emotionally difficult training experiences. Six types of emotions-triggering situations were chosen. A diary of a fictitious student reporting each situation was prepared, with two different endings – either a neutral or an emotional development. In a web-survey, 188 medical students evaluated those diary-entries (3 in a neutral; 3 in an …

Erratum To “Research Advances In Conformity To Peer Pressure: A Negative Side Effect Of Medical Education” [Health Prof. Educ. 2015; 1(1): 19–23], T. N. Beran, J. Crofton

Health Professions Education

The author regrets that the co-author name was missing in the article. The name of the co-author is J. Crofton.

Recreational Participation And Perceived Stress Levels Of College Students And If Leisure Satisfaction Mediates Their Relationship, Andrew Montgomery

Graduate Theses

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between campus recreation participation and perceived stress in college students and if leisure satisfaction mediates their relationship. Participants for this research were 342 college students at a southeastern university. Students completed a survey about their demographics, perceived stress (PSS-10), campus recreation participation and their leisure satisfaction (LSS). Correlations and mediation was then calculated using the statistical analysis program SPSS. Participants of recreational services perceived stress was not significantly correlated with students who do not use recreational services. Leisure satisfaction was inversely correlated with perceived stress in the participants. Out of …

Physical Activity Differences Related To Gender And Grade Level In Middle School Students, Casey Reeves

Graduate Theses

In the last 35 years, the United States youth has experienced a significant rise in obesity levels, and a significant decline in physical activity levels (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2015a; CDC, 2009). A variety of research has been conducted on the implications of decreasing levels of physical activity (PA). However, theories are mixed on when this rapid decline of participation in PA is occurring. The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to identify a significant gap in PA levels between females and males and 2) to identify the age/grade in which the projected discrepancy develops. The …

On-Task Behavior During A Reading Task: Effect Of Quality Physical Education, Courtney Q. Mcelroy-Yeider

Master’s Theses and Projects

No abstract provided.

Flow: Individual V. Team Sport, Andy Worthington

Graduate Theses

Flow is a psychological state that is often described as everything coming together or an effortless performance. A variety of studies have examined the flow state to better understand how to measure flow, to gauge athlete’s experiences with flow, and even to gauge new methods to promote flow. However, few studies look at flow within sportspecific setting. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether differences exist between the flow experiences of team athletes and the flow experiences of individual athletes. Sixty-four NCAA Division I athletes participated in the study. All athletes completed the Flow State Scale, as well …