Health and Physical Education Commons^™

Effect Of Repeated/Spaced Formative Assessments On Medical School Final Exam Performance, Edward K. Chang, Paul F. Wimmers

Health Professions Education

Formative assessments, especially if spaced, encourage effective study habits such as retesting. The individual and combined effect of weekly formative assessments and cumulative assessments on final exam performance was studied. Methods: Students were placed into 6 groups by weekly formative assessment performance and practice exam utilization/ performance. Students who scored below the median on weekly assessments comprised groups 1/3/5. Groups 2/4/6 scored above the median. Groups 1/2 did not use the practice exam. Groups 3/4 scored below the median on the practice exam while Groups 5/6 scored above. Multiple comparisons were made using ANCOVA. Results: Adjusted analysis showed weekly assessment …

A Model To Predict Student Failure In The First Year Of The Undergraduate Medical Curriculum, Gerard J.A. Baars, Theo Stijnen, Ted A.W. Splinter

Health Professions Education

Purpose: To develop a model for the early and reliable prediction of students who fail to pass the first year of the undergraduate medical curriculum within two years after the start. Method: 1819 medical students of five consecutive cohorts were included. By logistic regression analyses, predictions for failure in the first-year curriculum were made at 0, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months. Predictive variables included pre-admission variables such as age, gender, pre-university education GPA, the way students were selected, and post-admission variables such as number of credits obtained, degree of participation in exams, and exam success rate. Variables were …

What We Think We Know About The Tutor In Problem-Based Learning, Judith C. Williams, Deborah J. Paltridge

Health Professions Education

This purpose of this brief paper is to provide those new to problem-based learning with a summary of the key findings of research conducted into the beliefs and practices of tutors who facilitator this approach to learning. Although findings from the research do differ there are many areas of agreement. There is general consensus that effective problem-based learning tutors know their subject content and are able to communicate their knowledge in ways that students can comprehend; that they are able to judge when and to what extent to intervene in student learning; and enter the learning environment with an intent …

Reflection In Medical Diagnosis: A Literature Review, Silvia Mamede, Henk G. Schmidt

Health Professions Education

Purpose: Reflection in medical diagnosis has been said to prevent errors by minimizing flaws in clinical reasoning. This claim, however, has been much disputed. While some studies show reflective reasoning to improve diagnostic performance, others find it to add nothing. This paper presents a narrative review of the literature on reflection in medical diagnosis aimed at addressing two questions: (1) how reflective reasoning has been conceived in this literature; and (2) what is the effect of different forms of reflective reasoning on diagnostic performance. Method: We searched PubMed and Web of Science for papers published until June 2016 and identified …

Clinical Capability Self-Appraisal As Indicative Of Preparedness For Future Medical Practice. A Graduates' Perspective, Afsheen Zafar, Ahmed Rehman

Health Professions Education

Purpose: Pakistan is experiencing a wave of change in the undergraduate medical curriculum. The changes have led to emergence of an outcomes-based curriculum. However the extent to which an outcomes-based curriculum prepares the medical graduates for clinical practice has not been well studied. The aim of the present study was therefore to identify perception of the medical graduates of the extent to which an outcomes-based curriculum in Pakistan has prepared them for hospital practice. Methods: In September 2015, recent graduates of Islamic International Medical College in Pakistan were asked to fill in the modified Clinical Capability Questionnaire to assess their …

Development And Validation Of The Motivation For Tutoring Questionnaire In Problem-Based Learning Programs, Salah Eldin Kassab, Nahla Hassan, Shimaa El-Araby, Abdel Halim Salem, Saleh Ali Alrebish, Ahmed S. Al-Amro, Hani A. Al-Shobaili, Hossam Hamdy

Health Professions Education

Purpose: There are no published instruments, which measure tutor motivation for conducting small group tutorials in problembased learning programs. Therefore, we aimed to develop a motivation for tutoring questionnaire in problem-based learning (MTQ-PBL) and evaluate its construct validity.

Methods: The questionnaire included 28 items representing four constructs: tutoring self-efficacy (15 items), tutoring interest (6 items), tutoring value (4 items), and tutoring effort (3 items). Tutors (n¼158) from three problem-based medical schools in Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Bahrain rated their perceptions for each item on a 7-point Likert scale. Statistical analyses included examining the factor structure of the questionnaire, the differences …

Peer-Assisted Learning Associated With Team-Based Learning In Dental Education, Sausan Al Kawas, Hossam Hamdy

Health Professions Education

Its value could be enhanced if combined with a student centered learning strategy such as team-based learning. Purpose: The aim of this pilot study is to evaluate the impact of peer-assisted learning associated with team-based learning on the learning experience of dental students. Method: Forty-two dental students participated in peer-assisted learning associated with team-based learning activities and 6 of them took the role of tutors in the team-based learning sessions. A structured on-line questionnaire was sent to 42 students to evaluate their perception regarding the impact of peer-assisted learning associated with team-based learning on their learning experience. Thirty-eight (90.5%) participants …

The Arrival Of Neuroscience To Diagnostic Reasoning: Four Issues To Keep In Mind, Jerome I. Rotgans, Lucy V. Rosby, Naomi Low-Beer

Health Professions Education

With the rapidly increasing access to brain imaging facilities, we are potentially at the dawn of a new era for understanding diagnostic reasoning. Although, this may sound bold, and appears to echo the many claims made in other disciplines, we will highlight in this paper why neuroscience can be a useful tool for advancing diagnostic reasoning research. But first some cautionary notes. Fact is that all too often the high expectations of neuroscience are not met, such as the expectation in “educational neuroscience” that the insights of the brain will transform classroom teaching and learning.1 There is currently no compelling …

No Effect Of A Whey Growth Factor Extract During Resistance Training On Strength, Body Composition, Or Hypertrophic Gene Expression In Resistance-Trained Young Men, Michael J. Dale, Alison M. Coates, Peter R.C. Howe, Grant Tomkinson, Matthew T. Haren, Andrew Brown, Marissa Caldow, David Cameron-Smith, Jonathan D. Buckley

Education, Health & Behavior Studies Faculty Publications

Growth factors can be isolated from bovine milk to form a whey growth factor extract (WGFE). This study examined whether WGFE promoted activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway enabling increased lean tissue mass and strength in resistance trained men. Forty six men with >6 months of resistance training (RT) experience performed 12 weeks of RT. Participants consumed 20 g/day of whey protein and were randomised to receive either 1.6 g WGFE/day (WGFE; n = 22) or 1.6 g cellulose/day (control, CONT; n = 24). The primary outcome was leg press one-repetition maximum (LP1-RM) which was assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 …

Implementing Comprehensive School Physical Activity Programs: A Wayne State University Case Study, Erin E. Centeio, Nate Mccaughtry

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

Comprehensive school physical activity programs (CSPAPs) have been highlighted by numerous public health and education agencies for their potential to improve the health and academic achievement of American youth. A CSPAP integrates physical activity throughout the school environment before, during and after school by engaging educators, children, families and community organizations. As the design, implementation and evaluation of effective CSPAP programs has inched forward, so has the call for physical education teacher education (PETE) programs to prepare the next generation of physical educators with the skills and knowledge needed to one day lead CSPAP efforts in K-12 schools. The purpose …

Purposeful Movement: The Integration Of Physical Activity Into A Mathematics Unit, Kailey Snyder, Danae M. Dinkel, Connie Schaffer, Seth Hively, Amanda Colpitts

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Classroom physical activity (PA) has been linked to a multitude of health andacademic benefits. However, due to barriers such as lack of time and resourcesmany teachers are not implementing classroom PA to the degree they would liketo. One innovative solution is to integrate classroom PA into academic concepts.Based on self-determination theory, this pilot study evaluated the effectivenessof a teacher-developed purposeful movement teaching strategy on PA, on-taskbehavior and academic achievement. Two third grade classrooms participated inthis pilot study, one acting as the comparison and the other working with theschool Physical Education teacher to develop the active lessons. The evaluationconsisted of accelerometers, …

The Influence Of Physical Activity On International Graduate Students’ Cross-Cultural Adjustment: A Qualitative Longitudinal Study, Shuang Li, Sam Zizzi

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

International students face multiple challenges due to cross-cultural transition. Physical activity plays a significant role in maintaining health and well-being for college students. Little research has explored how international students’ physical activity interacts with their acculturation. Using a longitudinal qualitative approach with individual interviews and non-participant observation, the current study examined how physical activity interacted with new international students’ transition in the United States. Nine first-year international students who engaged in weekly physical activity were enrolled. Each individual was interviewed twice,in the middle (i.e., Jan and Feb) and at the end of their first academic year (i.e., May and June). …

Nebline, January 2017

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Extension 2016 Highlights

Food & Health

Farm & Acreage

Horticulture

Pests & Wildlife

4-H & Youth

Early Childhood

and other extension news and events

Cardiorespiratory Responses And Gender Differences Between Exercising On The Simply Fit Board And The Ab Rocket Twister, Karen Barrientos, Samantha Butterbaugh, Nicholas Chambers, Jamie Vandewerker, Jessica White

Undergraduate Research Posters 2017

One of the biggest problems in fitness is finding a workout method that is effective yet enjoyable. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare the Simply Fit Board and Ab Rocket Twister across genders and ultimately to determine which product is more enjoyable. METHODS: Heart rate, Rate of Perceived Exertion, ventilation, oxygen consumption, and total kilocalories were all measured on 21 males and 20 females while using the Simply Fit Board and Ab Rocket Twister for 10 minutes at 75% of their age predicted maximal heart rates. At post-testing, each subject completed the Perception of Exercise Experience questionnaire. …

An Investigation Into The Effectiveness Of Brief Guided Meditation, Karen Barrientos, Samantha Butterbaugh, Nicholas Chambers, Jamie Vandewerker, Jessica White

Undergraduate Research Posters 2017

Meditation has many benefits for reducing stress and anxiety, by inducing a relaxation response. It is unclear how guided meditation compares to other forms of relaxation. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine if a guided meditation mp3 is as effective as other methods of relaxation. METHODS: Skin conductance and breaths per minute were measured on 30 male and female adults while reading, meditating, and watching a video, each on three different occasions. Prior to the study each participant rated their psychological state of being using questionnaire styled scales. A repeated measures ANOVA and a related measure nonparametric …

Go Skate!: The Physiological Responses And Perception Of Training On Inline Skates, Karen Barrientos, Samantha Butterbaugh, Nicholas Chambers, Jamie Vandewerker, Jessica White

Undergraduate Research Posters 2017

It is unclear how inline skate training affects the performance and enjoyment of other modes of exercises. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine if inline skating is an effective and enjoyable alternative method of exercise when compared to running and using the elliptical. METHODS: Each participant's functional movement, body composition, and efficiency in running, skating, and using the elliptical was assessed before and after the skate training program at 80% of each participant's age-predicted heart rate. The skate training program consisted of three 45-minute training sessions for 6 weeks. After all training and testing was completed each …

A Qualitative Exploration Of Former College Student-Athletes’ Wellness, Shane Warehime, Danae Dinkel, Abby Bjornson-Ramig, Ashley J. Blount

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

College student-athletes (SAs) may experience difficulties while transitioning from college, which could reduce their overall wellness. However, it is essential to understand positive transition experiences and outcomes, as this can guide future research and intervention efforts. The purpose of this study was to explore the factors that led to higher levels of wellness in former SAs. Semi-structured interviews guided by the Indivisible Self Model were completed with former SAs (n = 12). Overall, participants displayed high levels of wellness - most prominently in terms of work and exercise. Many SAs perceived their current wellness was equal, if not better compared …

Analysis Of Factors Influencing The College Choice Decisions Of Ncaa Division Ii Elite Track And Field Athletes, Jon Lin, Lisa Paulson, Bryan Romsa, Hal J. Walker, Katelyn Romsa

Counseling and Human Development Faculty Publications

The student-athlete college selection process is a major decision impacting their future academic and athletic success. A better understanding of factors influencing this selection process will aid intercollegiate athletic programs in recruiting and retaining the highest caliber athletes possible. This study examined the factors influencing the college choice decisions of NCAA Division II elite track and field athletes across the United States. The participants were 320 athletes who represented 78 NCAA Division II institutions located in eight regions across the United States. This article discusses the most important factors involved in the college selection process of NCAA Division II elite …

Leveling The Playing Field: Assessment Of Gross Motor Skills In Low Socioeconomic Children To Their Higher Socioeconomic Counterparts, Megan M. Adkins, Matthew Bice, Danae Dinkel, John P. Rech

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Background: Fundamental movements (FM) of children influence the willingness to engage in physical activity (PA). Thus, proper FM skills are the foundation for a lifespan of PA. Objective: This study examined what factors may affect children’s PA in relation to FM pattern capabilities. Methods: The study examined the influence of SES when three low-income schools were provided additional PA opportunities on days PE was not taught. FM patterns in relation to object control (OC) and locomotor skill (LC) development were evaluated on K (n = 871), 1st (n = 893), and 2nd graders (n = 829) using the Test of …

Clinical Measures And Their Contribution To Dysfunction In Individuals With Patellar Tendinopathy, Hyunjae Jeon, Melanie L. Mcgrath, Neal Grandgenett, Adam B. Rosen

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Context: Patellar tendinopathy is prevalent in physically active populations and it affects their quality of living, performance of activity, and may contribute to the early cessation of their athletic careers. A number of previous studies have identified contributing factors for patellar tendinopathy however their contributions to self-reported dysfunction remain unclear.
Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to determine if strength, flexibility, and various lower extremity static alignments contributed to self-reported function and influence the severity of patellar tendinopathy.
Design: Cross sectional research design.
Setting: University Laboratory.
Participants: 30 participants with patellar tendinopathy volunteered for this study (age: 23.4±3.6 years, …