Terrorism Studies Commons^™

Strategi Badan Siber Dan Sandi Negara (Bssn) Dalam Menghadapi Ancaman Siber Di Indonesia, Damar Apri Sudarmadi, Arthur Josias Simon Runturambi

Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional

Cybersecurity governance in Indonesia is still partial and sectoral, resulting in the handling of cybersecurity problems not yet integrated. This makes cyber threats even more real, especially when linked to threats to cybersecurity for government and private institutions. Therefore, cybersecurity management must be carried out in an integrated manner to prevent cyber threats in all aspects of national and state life. In 2017, the National Cyber and Crypto Agency (BSSN) was formed based on the Presidential Regulation on BSSN which states that BSSN is tasked with implementing cyber security effectively and efficiently by utilizing, developing and consolidating all parties related …

The Neurocognitive Process Of Digital Radicalization: A Theoretical Model And Analytical Framework, Tiffiany Howard, Brach Poston, Stephen D. Benning

Political Science Faculty Research

Recent studies suggest that empathy induced by narrative messages can effectively facilitate persuasion and reduce psychological reactance. Although limited, emerging research on the etiology of radical political behavior has begun to explore the role of narratives in shaping an individual’s beliefs, attitudes, and intentions that culminate in radicalization. The existing studies focus exclusively on the influence of narrative persuasion on an individual, but they overlook the necessity of empathy and that in the absence of empathy, persuasion is not salient. We argue that terrorist organizations are strategic in cultivating empathetic-persuasive messages using audiovisual materials, and disseminating their message within the …

Stovepiped In Silence: The Growing Threat Of White Supremacy Extremism In The Pacific Northwest, Dacia J. Grayber

CUP Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this practicum proposal is to address the growing threat of White Supremacy Extremism (henceforth referred to as “WSE”) in the Portland Metro region and explore the barriers to identifying WSE and obstacles with information sharing. By understanding current conditions and leaning forward with proactive and holistic approaches to education and information sharing, on a local and regional level we may be able to interrupt the cycle of proliferation and interdict future bias and hate crimes in our communities.

The Regional Disaster Preparedness Organization (RDPO) is one of several local agencies that could potentially serve as a possible …

Tasawuf Healing Sebagai Metode Rehabilitasi Dalam Program Deradikalisasi, Heriansyah Heriansyah

Journal of Terrorism Studies

Artikel ini menawarkan tasawuf healing dari sejumlah tradisi lokal di nusantara sebagai metode deradikalisasi berdasarkan kenyataan bahwa mayoritas teroris di Indonesia berasal dari keluarga dan lingkungan muslim tradisional, yang sangat bernuansa spiritual, sebelum mereka bersentuhan dengan gerakan Islam transnasional. Setiap orang mempunyai naluri kembali ke asal. Karena itu fitrah semua manusia. Asal dari eksistensi manusia adalah Tuhan. Berdasarkan pengamalan empiris penulis dan rekan-rekan penulis yang mengalami deradikalisasi sendiri, praktik-praktik keagamaan menarik mereka kembali kepada pengalaman spiritual yang damai, ramah dan moderat. Tasawuf mengkaji aspek spiritual dalam Islam. Sedangkan healing adalah proses pemulihan secara mandiri dari penyakit psikis. Rencana program ini …

The Transmission Of Global And Regional Extremism In Indonesia, Muhamad Syauqillah, Marella Al Faton

Journal of Terrorism Studies

Salafi Jihadi has been widely accused of being the actor behind terrorist acts in various parts of the world. In Indonesia, acts of terror are generally carried out by parties who have relations with the Salafi movement who have transmissions at the regional and global levels. The Salafi movement literature originating from the Middle East, accompanied by political dynamics and conflict in the Middle East, has become the light of the radical movement in Indonesia. This study uses qualitative methods with a literature study approach and in-depth interviews. Analysis of the transmission of extremism is carried out using transnational theory …

Terrorism In The 2020s: Examining The Global Threat Landscape, Landon W. Swearngin

MSU Graduate Theses

This thesis uses quantitative and qualitative research methods to (1) explore the global trends and trajectories of terrorism, (2) identify emerging strategic challenges, and (3) outline an opportunity analysis for U.S. counterterrorism strategy. Collectively, this project provides a strategic forecast for terrorism in the 2020s, demonstrating that terrorism is becoming increasingly dangerous, dynamic, and difficult to defeat.

Traversing Mass Tragedies: Material Religion Between The 9/11 And Newtown Memorials, Kate Deconinck

Journal of Global Catholicism

In keeping with recent anthropologists and scholars of religion who are re-imagining the phenomenon of pilgrimage as including more than just journeys to traditional “religious” sites, this article focuses on visitation to multiple sites of remembrance associated with mass tragedies. At the same time, my interest lies not only in the human actors who move between different memory sites, but also in the things that journey alongside or independent of them. In this article, I trace the movement of one particular object—an angel statue—that was initially created to memorialize individuals killed in the September 11 attacks and was later gifted …

Risk-Based Approach In The Self-Assessment Of Nuclear Security Culture For Users Of Radioactive Sources, Igor Khripunov

International Journal of Nuclear Security

The current emphasis on the need to protect radioactive sources from being used for malicious purposes makes it imperative to explore and shape an appropriate culture-based response. Promoting a robust security culture is consistent with the international legal instruments and standards including the Code of Conduct for the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources and IAEA guidance publications. This promotion would be dependent upon the successful implementation of relevant self-assessment tools and a series of culture indicators, both of which would serve as benchmarks to take a culture’s measure and identify practical ways to improve security. This approach must adjust …

Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, And Immigration Policy: How 9/11 Transformed The Debate Over Illegal Immigration, Robert Nelsen

War, Diplomacy, and Society (MA) Theses

Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Americans have been at war against some form of terrorism both at home and abroad. This includes abuses of federal immigration laws and policies that relate to legal and illegal immigration with Mexico. It is easily substantiated that thousands of Americans have died at the hands of illegal immigrants from Mexico through criminal activity in the United States or through illegal drug trafficking. This thesis considers whether the immigration policies of Presidents Bill Clinton and George W. Bush were at fault for not properly securing the border prior to these attacks. Specifically, …

Themes In Global Terrorism From 2010 To 2016, Rafael Sholomov

Student Theses

Over the past decade, there has been an increase in the amount of global terrorism incidents. There has also been an increase in the amount of organizations that commit these acts of terror. Specifically, the attacks seem to have increased drastically since 2010 because the year signifies the beginning of the downfall of Osama bin Laden, leader of al-Qaeda at the time. The current study explores and analyzes the pattern of non-U.S. global terrorism between 2010 and 2016. Between the timeframe, the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) began to gain tremendous ground and territory globally and would later …

Syrian Crisis Representation In The Media: The Cnn Effect, Framing, And Tone, Savannah S. Day

Venture: The University of Mississippi Undergraduate Research Journal

Over the past seven years of the Syrian Civil War, Syrian refugees have been painted in a negative light by news media outlets around the world. History of media coverage regarding global humanitarian crises shows that with various tools and processes, media can shape public opinion and policy in whichever direction it desires, and oftentimes policymakers and the public are quick, as well as emotional, to react. In this paper, my objectives are to analyze specific examples of this CNN Effect phenomena within news coverage of the Syrian refugee crisis, as well as generally explain the negatively correlating relationship between …

The Effect Of Foreign Aid On Political Violence: Learning From Case Studies Of Nigeria And Sierra Leone, Charlotte Rohrer

Politics Honors Papers

Policymakers in OECD countries regularly cite reducing political violence as a fundamental purpose of foreign aid. For example, countries such as Pakistan and Iraq have received considerable amounts of aid meant to address the root causes of political violence. This project analyzes quantitative and qualitative evidence to assess whether foreign aid can reduce political violence. The quantitative and qualitative analyses study Boko Haram in Nigeria and the Revolutionary United Front in Sierra Leone to focus on regional and country-wide political violence. The study further focuses on aid projects in Sierra Leone and Nigeria as a means to reduce or curb …

Habeas Corpus In The Age Of Guantánamo, Cary Federman

Cary Federman

The purpose of the article is to examine the meaning of habeas corpus in the age of the war on terror and the detention camps at Guantanamo Bay. Since the war on terror was declared in 2001, the writ has been invoked from quarters not normally considered within the federal courts’ domain. In this article, I set out to do two things: first, I provide an overview of the writ’s history in the United States and explain its connection to federalism and unlawful executive detention. I then set out to bridge the two meanings of habeas corpus. Second, then, I …

Approaching Contemporary Terrorism, Jonathan Marcus

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This paper aims to analyze how governments of the modern era can better engage with contemporary terrorist organizations. It argues that nations and governments must alter their strategy on terrorism in light of its increasing prevalence and lethality in the modern era. Proclamations of non-negotiation, made with false perceptions that terrorists are simply irrational radical actors, are no longer viable if governments truly seek to reduce terrorist violence. In fact, it’s the ambiguity of terrorism and the major differentiation in the practices of various organizations which necessitate a more flexible strategy. Simply, the one-size-fits all solution of unequivocal no-negotiation is …

Political Activists Or Violent Fans? Understanding The Moroccan Ultras Perspective Through Social Media Discourse Analysis, Mamer Alomari

Capstone Collection

This paper examines the origins, traditions, reasons behind rapid numbers expansion, and violent tendencies of organized groups of young football fans called Ultras. It also sheds the light on Al Raja Ultra groups, the first Moroccan Ultras groups and the most violent who started emerging in Casablanca in 2005, and since then thrived and diversified, not only in Casablanca but in Morocco as a whole. It’s unknown where the culture was derived from due to lack of literature on this matter but speculated to be a mimicking of neighboring countries such as Spain, and Tunisia where this phenomenon has been …

A Socio-Demographic Analysis Of Responses To Terrorism, Gabriel Rubin, Christopher Salvatore

Gabriel Rubin

Extensive research has found that there are differences in reported levels of fear of crime and associated protective actions influenced by socio-demographic characteristics such as race and gender. Further studies, the majority of which focused on violent and property crime, have found that specific demographic characteristics influence fear of crime and protective behaviors. However, little research has focused on the influence of socio-demographic characteristics on perceptions, and protective actions in response to the threat of terrorism. Using data from the General Social Survey, this study compared individual-level protective actions and perceptions of the effectiveness of protective responses to the 9/11 …

Balancing Fear: Why Counter-Terror Legislation Was Blocked After The Oklahoma City And London Bombings, Gabriel Rubin

Gabriel Rubin

This article scrutinizes the legislative reactions to the Oklahoma City Bombing and the 2005 London Bombings to try to decipher why counter-terror legislation was substantially blocked after these attacks. It finds that the partisan composition of the government and executive approval ratings are critical to the passage of counter-terror laws. In light of the recent slew of counter-terror legislation passed worldwide, cases, where counter-terror legislation has been blocked, have become critically important. To this end, this article asks, “Why does counter-terror legislation get blocked when it does?” To answer the question, three variables are tested: partisan composition of the government, …

An Exploration Of Transportation Terrorist Stabbing Attacks, Brian Michael Jenkins, Bruce R. Butterworth, Jean-François Clair, Joseph R. Trella Iii

Mineta Transportation Institute Publications

In his August 22, 2018 message to supporters of the Islamic State of Iraq and [greater] Syria (ISIS), Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi implored ISIS fighters in Syria and Iraq as well as those on various jihadist fronts in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia not to be dismayed by military setbacks suffered by the Islamic State, but to continue fighting, confident that Allah would ultimately reward those who remained steadfast with victory. In the same message, he exhorted homegrown jihadists abroad— “the fierce lions in the lands of the Cross—Canada, Europe, and elsewhere” to carry out simple attacks within their limited …

H-Diplo Article Review 831- Field Jr. On D’Haeseleer. “American Civic Action: The National Campaign Plan And The Failure To Win ‘Hearts And Minds’ In El Salvador.”, Thomas Field

Publications

The author - Dr. Thomas Field - reviews Brian D’Haeseleer's article “American Civic Action: The National Campaign Plan and the Failure to Win ‘Hearts and Minds’ in El Salvador.” This article appeared in Diplomacy and Statecraft, issue 26:3 (2015), on pages 494-513. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09592296.2015.1067527.

When Is Terrorism All In The Family?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes putative linkages between family relationships and kinds of terrorism.