Policy Overview (April, May, 2021),
2021
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Policy Overview (April, May, 2021)
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
No abstract provided.
Automatic Simulating And Monitoring System For Water Balance Of Sandy Areas Of Northern China: Shapotou Lysimeter Group,
2021
Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongwei 755000, China
Automatic Simulating And Monitoring System For Water Balance Of Sandy Areas Of Northern China: Shapotou Lysimeter Group, Zhishan Zhang, Yang Zhao, Yafeng Zhang, Haotian Yang, Bui Hu, Jianqiang Huo, Xinrong Li
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Water balance has always been the key scientific issue facing in vegetation construction in sandy areas of northern China. Lysimeter is regarded as the most reliable tool in studying water balance. The existing problems such as the limited lysimeter sites, the system mismatch and accuracy inconsistency among lysimeters restrict the theoretical innovation of arid ecohydrology. Grouping large intelligent weighable lysimeters is an effective way to break through the aforementioned bottleneck, and conforms to the current interdisciplinary research trend. Funded by the "Key Scientific and Technological Infrastructure Construction Project for the Field Station Network of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)", Shapotou …
Trends Observation: Hot Research Field And Research Trends Of Global Population Health,
2021
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Trends Observation: Hot Research Field And Research Trends Of Global Population Health
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
No abstract provided.
Speed Up Development Of Grass-Based Livestock Husbandry And Walk Into New Era Of Agriculture,
2021
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Speed Up Development Of Grass-Based Livestock Husbandry And Walk Into New Era Of Agriculture
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
No abstract provided.
Current Situation And Prospect Of Forage Breeding In China,
2021
Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Current Situation And Prospect Of Forage Breeding In China, Jingbo Jin, Tai Wang, Youfa Cheng, Lei Wang, Jingyu Zhang, Haichun Jing, Kang Chong
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
High-yield and high-quality forage varieties are the key to sustainable development of grass-based livestock husbandry in China. However, the forage breeding was started late in China, and the progress is very slow, and the forage varieties of independent intellectual property rights are seriously lacked. Forages generally have self-incompatibility, natural allogamy, polysomic inheritance, and marked inbreeding effects. Subsequently, it is difficult to characterize agronomically important complex traits, resulting that the breeding technology is still in the 2.0 era of hybrid breeding. The molecular design-based breeding is a fine strategy to speed up the breeding process, however, there is a lack of …
Thoughts On Problem Oriented Scientific Research,
2021
Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Thoughts On Problem Oriented Scientific Research, Yunji Chen, Wei Li
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
In the past few decades, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has experienced project oriented scientific research and subject oriented scientific research, and has made great contributions to China's scientific and technological development in many fields. Facing a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, a new development idea for scientific research, that is, problem oriented scientific research, is put forward. This paper presents some thoughts on the connotation and management methods of problem oriented scientific research.
Belt And Road Initiative Promote Green Development Of Countries And Regions Along Belt & Road,
2021
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Belt And Road Initiative Promote Green Development Of Countries And Regions Along Belt & Road, Yan Xia, Qingyan Jiang, Cuihong Yang, Shouyang Wang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
With the impact of COVID-19, the global market has greatly enhanced the recognition of sustainable development. Economies along the Belt and Road Initiative (herein after referred as Belt & Road countries and regions) are facing severe challenges of common ecological environment and climate change. Based on the two-way fixed effect panel model and interregional input-output model, this study puts forward a measurement model of the impact of China's outward direct investment on carbon emissions of Belt & Road countries and regions. The results show that China has played a positive role in the green development of Belt & Road countries …
The Causes Of Surface Condensation And Mould, And The Responsibility Of Relevant Parties To Alleviate Them,
2021
Technological University Dublin
The Causes Of Surface Condensation And Mould, And The Responsibility Of Relevant Parties To Alleviate Them, Joseph Little
Reports
All over Ireland large numbers of people live in unsanitary conditions suffering poor indoor air quality, surface condensation and mould. Where the occupants are tenants the cause of the conditions and identification of the parties responsible can cause much stress. Condensation and mould growth on the internal surface of a room are caused by a combination of factors due to specific conditions. In severe cases, one of these factors may lead to surface condensation and/or mould growth, but in general, surface condensation and/or mould growth occurs when two or three of these occur together. Even though multiple causes and shared …
The Public Innovations Explorer: A Geo-Spatial & Linked-Data Visualization Platform For Publicly Funded Innovation Research In The United States,
2021
The Graduate Center, City University of New York
The Public Innovations Explorer: A Geo-Spatial & Linked-Data Visualization Platform For Publicly Funded Innovation Research In The United States, Seth Schimmel
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The Public Innovations Explorer (https://sethsch.github.io/innovations-explorer/app/index.html) is a web-based tool created using Node.js, D3.js and Leaflet.js that can be used for investigating awards made by Federal agencies and departments participating in the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) grant-making programs between 2008 and 2018. By geocoding the publicly available grants data from SBIR.gov, the Public Innovations Explorer allows users to identify companies performing publicly-funded innovative research in each congressional district and obtain dynamic district-level summaries of funding activity by agency and year. Applying spatial clustering techniques on districts' employment levels across major economic sectors provides users …
Entitled To Property: Inheritance Laws, Female Bargaining Power, And Child Health In India,
2021
Harvard Institute for Quantitative Social Science
Entitled To Property: Inheritance Laws, Female Bargaining Power, And Child Health In India, Plamen Nikolov, Shahadath Hossain
Economics Faculty Scholarship
Child height is a significant predictor of human capital and economic status throughout adulthood. Moreover, non-unitary household models of family behavior posit that an increase in women’s bargaining power can influence child health. We study the effects of an inheritance policy change, the Hindu Succession Act (HSA), which conferred enhanced inheritance rights to unmarried women in rural India, on child height. We find robust evidence that the HSA improved the height and weight of children. In addition, we find evidence consistent with a channel that the policy improved the women’s intrahousehold bargaining power within the household, leading to improved parental …
Thoughts On Systematic Layout Of Strengthening National Strategic Scientific And Technological Power,
2021
Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
Thoughts On Systematic Layout Of Strengthening National Strategic Scientific And Technological Power, Guangzu Bai, Xiaoyang Cao
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Strengthening the national strategic science and technology (S&T) power is the key path to achieve China's scientific and technological independence, and to accelerate the construction process of a powerful nation of science and technology. In the global history of science and technology development in the past century, along with the shift of the world's scientific center, major developed countries have recognized and strengthened their S&T power from the national strategic level at different stages of development. Based on a profound understanding of the significance of strengthening the systematic layout of national strategic science and technology forces, this paper discusses the …
Actively Exert Leading And Backbone Role Of National Strategic Scientific And Technological Strength In Scientific And Technological Self-Reliance (Preface),
2021
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Actively Exert Leading And Backbone Role Of National Strategic Scientific And Technological Strength In Scientific And Technological Self-Reliance (Preface), Jianguo Hou
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
No abstract provided.
Protection And Utilization Of Black Land And Making Concerted And Unremitting Efforts For Safeguarding Food Security Promoted By Sci-Tech Innovation—Countermeasures In Conservation And Rational Utilization Of Black Land,
2021
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
Protection And Utilization Of Black Land And Making Concerted And Unremitting Efforts For Safeguarding Food Security Promoted By Sci-Tech Innovation—Countermeasures In Conservation And Rational Utilization Of Black Land, Aizhen Liang, Lujun Li, Hui Zhu
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The protection and reasonable utilization of black land and developing a powerful nation in the grain industry are the cornerstone for safeguarding the national security. This study focuses on the main agricultural sources including soil, water, seed, fertilizer, farm chemicals, etc., and analyzes the key problems in grain production, ecological security, and sustainable development in black land in Northeast China. This study proposes to strengthen the research and development of technology and the relevant equipment for the protection of black land and increasing crop yield; to develop the reduction of soil obstacle factors and stress-tolerant plants planting modes; to build …
Key Scientific And Technical Issues In Earth System Science Towards Achieving Carbon Neutrality In China,
2021
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Key Scientific And Technical Issues In Earth System Science Towards Achieving Carbon Neutrality In China, Zhaonan Cai, Lijing Cheng, Tingting Li, Xunhua Zheng, Lin Wang, Shenghui Han, Kai Wang, Xia Qu, Fei Jiang, Yongyu Zhang, Jianhua Zhu, Shangmin Long, Yang Sun, Binghao Jia, Wenping Yuan, Tianyi Zhang, Qing Zhang, Jinbo Xie, Jiawen Zhu, Zhiqiang Liu, Lin Wu, Dongxu Yang, Ke Wei, Lin Wu, Wen Zhang, Yi Liu, Junji Cao
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The carbon neutrality strategy will be the largest orderly human activity in this century, which requires strong scientific supports. This study introduces some key scientific questions and remaining knowledge gaps in earth system science (i.e. atmosphere, land, ocean science), and also discusses some key techniques and the associated challenges, including Earth System Model, climate metrics, greenhouse gasses monitoring techniques, carbon inventories from regional to global scales. On this basis, this study recommends to construct climate monitoring system and platform in China, better describe and understand the earth system coupling processes and mechanisms. To consolidate the techniques for carbon neutrality, this …
Build New Development Pattern Of “Double Cycle” Of Scientific And Technological Innovation,
2021
Institute of Science of Science and Science & Technology Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Build New Development Pattern Of “Double Cycle” Of Scientific And Technological Innovation, Zhongkai Yang, Jiping Gao, Yongxia Liang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The CPC Central Committee proposed to speed up the formation of a new development pattern of the domestic and international double cycles, with the domestic cycle being the main body of this pattern. Facing a complex international and domestic situation, scientific and technological innovation being the core driving force, it is of urgent need to explore and build a new development pattern of "double cycle" to suit our national needs. Hence, under the guidance of Hsue-shen Tsien's thought on technological sciences and based on the original innovation function, secondary innovation function and potential innovation function of technological sciences, this study …
On Dealing With Openness And Self-Reliance In Development Of Science And Technology,
2021
Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
On Dealing With Openness And Self-Reliance In Development Of Science And Technology, Yungang Bao, Ninghui Sun
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
China leaders have been always emphasizing both openness and self-reliance over the past decades. However, it is challenging for institutes and researchers to properly deal with the two requirements which are considered to be unachievable at the same time. In this study, we propose four openness modes as well as two principles for handling openness and self-reliance in the development of science and technology. This paper presents the case study on how Chinese computer pioneers made strategical decisions on the openness and self-reliance in the very early age of Chinese computer history. We also retrospect the practice of openness in …
From Single Spark To Prairie Ablaze—Exploring New Paradigm To Cultivate Top Innovation Talents,
2021
Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Xinstitute of Shenzhen(in Preparation), Shenzhen 518118, China
From Single Spark To Prairie Ablaze—Exploring New Paradigm To Cultivate Top Innovation Talents, Quanshui Zheng, Luping Xu, Fengshan Bai, Lin Zhang, Minsheng Wang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
At the dawn of the 4th Industrial Revolution, cultivating top innovation talents that innovate "zero-to-one" achievements, and constructing sustainable mechanism for cultivating such talents, is not only a critical task during the China's national rejuvenation in the world experiencing a level of change unseen in a century, but also the key parameter for centenary or even millennium prosperity of Chinese nation. After over ten years of exploration, Tsien Excellence in Education Program of Tsinghua University (hereafter called "Tsien Class") has made a single-point breakthrough in this subject. Based on this, nearly after one year of preparation, "Tsien Class" and Shenzhen …
Young Scientists To Devote Themselves To Planetary Science And Deep Space Exploration: Opportunities And Challenges,
2021
Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Young Scientists To Devote Themselves To Planetary Science And Deep Space Exploration: Opportunities And Challenges, Wei Yang, Xiongyao Li, Yong Wei
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Planetary science and deep space exploration under the background of changes unseen in a century have provided young scientists with a golden opportunity. The frontier scientific issues of planetary science and the critical technical challenges of deep space exploration have yet to be explored by young scientists. However, some factors restrict young scientists from devoting themselves to this area. This paper summarizes opportunities and challenges from the perspective of young scientists. It also proposes corresponding policy recommendations, hoping the dream of a powerful country in planetary science and deep space exploration come true with the promoted participation of young scientists.
Evolution Of Strategic Scientific And Technological Power: The World And China,
2021
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Evolution Of Strategic Scientific And Technological Power: The World And China, Chunliang Fan
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
This study reviews the generation and development of the national strategic scientific & technological (S&T) power at different historical stages around the world from the perspective of historical development of science and technology, and studies the construction and development of China's national strategic S&T power since the founding of new China. It also discusses the role of the Chinese Academy of Sciences as a national strategic S&T power. Based on the above research, this study puts forward the definition and characteristics of the national S&T strategic power. In the end, this study raises several suggestions on strengthening the national strategic …
Microbial Evolution Of Cryosphere And Biosecurity Concerns,
2021
Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Microbial Evolution Of Cryosphere And Biosecurity Concerns, Jingyang Xu, Qianggong Zhang, Yi Shi
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The unique and extreme ecological environment of cryosphere acts as a gigantic reservoir of microorganisms, which preserves precious records of the diversity and evolutionary history of ancient microbes. Climate change and human activities have made significant impacts on the ecological system. Global warming causes melting of the cryosphere that remained frozen for thousands of years and releases microorganisms, some of them are recovered to life and constitute a potential threat to the ecological environment and human health. It is urgent to combine multidisciplinary research forces to investigate the microbial ecology of cryosphere, analyze the microbe pathogenesis and transmission mechanisms, as …
