Salt-Tolerant Forages For Irrigated Saline Land In Central Iraq,
2020
Ministry of Agriculture, Iraq
Salt-Tolerant Forages For Irrigated Saline Land In Central Iraq, Iman S. Salman, Edward G. Barrett-Lennard, Kareem Kadhim, Shoaib Ismail, Hayley C. Norman
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Salinity is a major problem in the irrigated zones of central and southern Iraq. We investigated biomass production from five salt-tolerant forage species, represented by 15 introduced accessions and 3 local accessions, during two successive summer growing seasons. Species included pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), sorghum (Sorghum bicolour), guar (Cluster bean; Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and sesbania (Sesbania aculeata and S. sesban). The research site was located in the Al-Dujaila irrigation project area in Wasit. The soil had a silty clay texture with moderate salinity (ECe 10-20 dS/m). The site was …
Improving Grassland Quality In Communal Arable Lands In The Eastern Cape Province, South Africa,
2020
EC DRAR, South Africa
Improving Grassland Quality In Communal Arable Lands In The Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, Theunis L. Morgenthal, Pieter W. Conradie, Gideon Jordaan, Unathi Gulwa, Neil Ballard, John Howieson
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Overgrazing and shifting cultivation practise have severely degraded communal lands in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. Methods need to be developed to improve forage quality of grazing land, especially previously cultivated lands. The aim of the study was to investigate legume species to rehabilitate arable lands abandoned from cropping, to enhance their forage quality, productivity and ecological integrity. The study was conducted in seven communities within the Eastern Cape Province. This study showed that within the communal lands studied extensive areas have been cultivated and the majority of this land is now poorly utilised. Natural grasslands ploughed for cropping …
Identifying And Addressing Sustainable Pasture And Grazing Management Options For A Major Economic Sector–The North Australian Beef Industry,
2020
CSIRO, Australia
Identifying And Addressing Sustainable Pasture And Grazing Management Options For A Major Economic Sector–The North Australian Beef Industry, Neil D. Macleod, Joe C. Scanlan, Lester I. Pahl, Giselle L. Whish, Robyn A. Crowley
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Sustainable use of the northern grazing lands is a long-standing issue for management and policy, heightened by projections of increased climatic variability, uncertainty on forage supplies, vegetation complexes, and weeds and diseases. Meat and Livestock Australia has supported a large study to explore sustainable grazing management strategies and increase the capacity of the sector to address climate change. Potential options were explored by bio-economic modeling of ‘representative’ beef enterprises defined by pastoralists and supported by regional research and extension specialists. Typical options include diversification, infrastructure, flexible stocking rates, wet season resting, and prescribed fire. Concurrent activities by another team included …
Grassland Rehabilitation Through Re-Designing Livestock Management Systems,
2020
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, China
Grassland Rehabilitation Through Re-Designing Livestock Management Systems, Guodong Han, Zhongwu Wang, Zhiguo Li, Mengli Zhao, David R. Kemp, David L. Michalk, Kris M. Havstad
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Grasslands are one of the most important land types supplying critical ecosystem services including feed for livestock grazing. They occupy ~54% of the world’s ice-free land surface. China contains the third largest area of grassland in the world, ~400 M ha, ~40% of China’s land surface. Chinese grasslands are severely degraded primarily due to overgrazing, which contributes to local poverty because of poor livestock production. To both recover the degraded grassland and to enhance the local herders’ income, a large farm-scale experiment was conducted in a desert steppe of Inner Mongolia, China from 2007 to 2012. We used a baseline …
Incidence And Control Of Worm Burdens In Bali Bulls Fed Forage Tree Legumes In West Nusa Tenggara,
2020
Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, Indonesia
Incidence And Control Of Worm Burdens In Bali Bulls Fed Forage Tree Legumes In West Nusa Tenggara, Luh Gde Sri Astiti, Baiq Tutik Yuliana, Muhammad Fauzan, Tanda Panjaitan
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Bali cattle are the predominant domestic cattle raised in smallholder systems in eastern Indonesia. They are characterised by low growth rates partly due to genetic factors but largely due to insufficient and/or poor quality feed and management. Internal parasites can have severe impacts on animal production and are a common problem in eastern Indonesia due to poor hygiene and management practices. Prevalence, or the ratio of number of worm infestation occurrences, in the cattle population is high in West Nusa Tenggara. Astiti et al. (2011) reported prevalence levels of 81% in some area of Sumbawa Island and Astiti and …
The Occurrence Of Alfalfa Weevil And Its Major Parasitoid Bathyplectes Curculionis Across Saskatchewan, Canada,
2020
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada
The Occurrence Of Alfalfa Weevil And Its Major Parasitoid Bathyplectes Curculionis Across Saskatchewan, Canada, Juliana J. Soroka
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The alfalfa weevil Hypera postica (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is one of the most destructive insect pests of alfalfa herbage in North America. Palearctic in origin, the weevil was first found in North America near Salt Lake City, Utah, in 1902 (Titus 1911), with the first Canadian record in southeast Alberta and southwest Saskatchewan in 1954 (Hobbs et al. 1959; Beirne 1971). Alfalfa weevil became an economic pest on the Canadian prairies only in the area of first location, and its distribution remained below the 51st parallel North latitude for about 40 years. In the mid-1990s, however, the weevil expanded …
Environment Impact Of Moxidectin In Sheep Faeces Upon Dung Diptera In South Of Brazil,
2020
Federal University of Paraná, Brazil
Environment Impact Of Moxidectin In Sheep Faeces Upon Dung Diptera In South Of Brazil, Alda L. G. Monteiro, Susana Gilaverte, Maria Angela M. Fernandes, Alessandre P. Colavite, Paulo Guimarães, Mylena T. P. Peres, Cláudio J. A. Da Silva
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Dung Diptera can be beneficial to the environment because the adults feed on, deposit eggs in, and the larval nutrition depends on the feaces of animals which significantly im-proves nutrient cycling. However, anthelmintics which are used to control internal parasites have long persistence with a long half-life in faeces. This is harmful to the coprofauna and may adversely affect the diversity of this environmen-tal system. In this study we evaluated the toxicity of moxidectin anthelmintic on the dung Diptera population in pastures of South of Brazil.
An Ecological Monitoring Of The Plateau Pika And Its Impact On Grassland–An Experiment In The Yushu District, Qinghai Province Of China,
2020
University of Miyazaki, Japan
An Ecological Monitoring Of The Plateau Pika And Its Impact On Grassland–An Experiment In The Yushu District, Qinghai Province Of China, Masahiro Tasumi, Nobumi Hasegawa, Akira Fukuda, Rende Song, Guomei Li, Jiahua Yang, Manabu Tobisa, Sachiko Idota
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae; see Fig.1 for photo) is a small mammal that lives in the alpine grasslands of the Tibetan Plateau. There are several uncertainties existing in the ecological behavior of the plateau pika and its impact on the alpine grasslands, and this impact has long been a subject under discussion. The mammal will have created both positive and negative impacts to the plateau environment and the alpine ecology. In China the plateau pika is regarded as a pest and has been a target of control or extermination because it is a competitor with livestock for …
Soil Fertility Under Grassland Compared To Other Land Uses In Acid Soil Of Himachal Pradesh, India,
2020
Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, India
Soil Fertility Under Grassland Compared To Other Land Uses In Acid Soil Of Himachal Pradesh, India, Sharmistha Pal, Pankaj Panwar, D. R. Bhardwaj
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
In the last decades severe changes in land use occurred in tropical countries, due to increasing population and their demand for food resources. Forest land is rapidly converted into agriculture or pastureland which may cause significant changes in soil fertility. Land-use exerts significant effect on nutrient availability and may also influence secondary succession and biomass production (Lu et al., 2002). Nutrient cycling in agroforestry is in between natural forest ecosystems of the tropics and most of the agricultural systems with are ‘‘leaky’’ having higher nutrient losses. Research indicated that decline of soil organic matter may occur due to conversion …
Mix Cropping Of Smooth Vetch And Barley Under Cold Rainfed Conditions,
2020
Islamic Azad University, Iran
Mix Cropping Of Smooth Vetch And Barley Under Cold Rainfed Conditions, Mahmoud Pouryousef, Khoshnood Alizadeh
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Drylands are mainly used for wheat and food legumes production and there is increasing demand to forage crops in these areas. About 2-3 million hectares of arable lands across Iran are left as fallow every year (Alizadeh, 2010) which could be used to suitable forage crops. Considerable variation has been reported in herbage and grain yields of improved vetches (Vicia spp.) under Iranian rainfed conditions. Introduction of annual feed legumes in dryland cropping systems that are dominated by cereals would reduce pest and disease risk and increase sustainable productivity. However, vetch species as monocultures produce low forage yield under …
Nitrate Accumulation And Utilization In Fodder Oats Varieties As Affected By Different Nitrogen Levels,
2020
Punjab Agricultural University, India
Nitrate Accumulation And Utilization In Fodder Oats Varieties As Affected By Different Nitrogen Levels, Gurjeet Kaur, Meenakshi Goyal, Pritpal Singh
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Importance of fodder crops in agriculture needs no emphasis because of the fact that regular fodder availability is basic requirement for livestock production. The area under fodder in Punjab is 2.03 million hectares with total production of 45 million tons, which is not sufficient to meet the maintenance requirements of livestock. To improve the quality of milk production it is important that animals are fed with good quality of fodder. Nitrogen is an essential primary nutrient for plant growth and plays an important role in productivity of forage crops. The application of N at various growth stages is one of …
Quality Of Grass Fodder Cowpea Mixtures As Influenced By Row Ratio,
2020
Kerala Agricultural University, India
Quality Of Grass Fodder Cowpea Mixtures As Influenced By Row Ratio, S. Lakshmi, M. R. Anita
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
A serious drawback of sustainable livestock production system in Kerala is the inadequate seasonal distribution of fodder production. The quantity and quality of herbage available in the lean dry months from January to May is very low. Therefore it is imperative to develop a fodder production system that increases the availability and improves the quality of herbage in the dry summer months. Intensive fodder production systems based on grasses are increasingly becoming important to the dairy farmers of Kerala. Development of compatible persistent grass legume mixtures could alleviate acute seasonal livestock feed deficiency in dry seasons (Njarui et al., 2004). …
Ethical Use Of Cereal Legume Intercrop Forages For Feeding Of Sheep And Pasture Development,
2020
Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, India
Ethical Use Of Cereal Legume Intercrop Forages For Feeding Of Sheep And Pasture Development, S. B. Maity, K. K. Singh, G. Prabhu, N. Das
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Cereal forages are important in the feeding of livestock for their high energy and dry matter content. However, they are low in protein content and inferior in other nutritional quality than the legume forages. Ruminants required protein as well as energy to maintain their production. Supplementation of protein through concentrates is cost effective in livestock production. Besides, ruminant is unique in having the potential for cycling forage materials, poor quality protein and non protein nitrogen sources into human food supply as meat and milk (Eskandary et al., 2009). Thus, management of forages for livestock feeding either in feedlot or in …
Forage Legumes Intercropping And Nitrogen Management Effects On Performance Of Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum) Varieties In Bundelkhand Region Of India,
2020
Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, India
Forage Legumes Intercropping And Nitrogen Management Effects On Performance Of Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum) Varieties In Bundelkhand Region Of India, Mukesh Choudhary, G. Prabhu
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Guinea grass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) is one of the important forage grass of the tropics with good yield potential, palatability, persistence and quality fodder (Sukhchain, 2010). The low crude protein productivity of guinea grass can be enhanced through its intercropping with forage legumes to sustain ruminant animals throughout the year. The intercropping of legumes with guinea grass will also optimize forage production per unit area, especially during rabi season. Further, its productivity can also be increased through N management as it is heavy feeder due to perennial and multi-cut nature.
Estimating Δ15n And Δ13c In Barley And Pea Mixtures Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy With Genetic Algorithm Based Partial Least Squares Regression,
2020
Korean National Open University, South Korea
Estimating Δ15n And Δ13c In Barley And Pea Mixtures Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy With Genetic Algorithm Based Partial Least Squares Regression, Hyo-Won Lee, Hyo-Jin Lee, Han-Jong Ko, Chang Yoon
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Stable isotope measurements have been increasingly used as a method to obtain information on relationships between plants and their environment (Dawson et al., 2002). Stable isotopes are seen as a powerful tool for advancing our knowledge on stock cycling and, nitrogen and carbon isotopic compositions have provided key insights into biogeochemical interactions between plants, soils and the atmosphere (Robinson, 2001). For the stable isotope measurements, the δ13C isotopic signature has been used successfully to disentangle physiological, ecological and biogeochemical processes and, δ15N studies have significantly improved our knowledge on nitrogen cycling pathways and nitrogen acquisition by …
Nitrogen Use Efficiency Of Late Fall-Applied Urea And Pig Slurry For Regrowth Of Perennial Ryegrass Sward,
2020
Chonnam National University, South Korea
Nitrogen Use Efficiency Of Late Fall-Applied Urea And Pig Slurry For Regrowth Of Perennial Ryegrass Sward, Sang-Hyun Park, Tae-Hwan Kim, Bok-Rye Lee, Se-Jong Oh
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Pig slurry is the most important organic resource in Korea, as estimated to be more than 15% of recycled animal manure. The use of pig slurry as an alternative organic fertilizer is the most viable recycling option as it is produced in large amount on pig farms that has usually less or not surface for cultivation of forage crops in Korea. Perennial grasses in grassland system regrow successively after harvests by cutting or grazing. The regrowth yield at each harvest would be a crucial determinant for the productivity of sward. During vegetative regrowth, soil mineral N and N reserves meet …
Productivity Of White Clover-Grass Mixed Swards,
2020
Latvia University of Agriculture, Latvia
Productivity Of White Clover-Grass Mixed Swards, Aleksandrs Adamovics, Olga Adamovica
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Dairy farming is a major branch of agriculture in Latvia. Therefore, providing livestock with high quality grass forage over the whole grazing season is of great importance. However, the cost of obtaining high quality grass forage should not be too high. Perennial forage legume-grass stands meets the required demands best of all. Inclusion of white clover in legume-grass stands contributes to the production of high quality herbage swards (Frame and Newbould, 1986; Laidlaw et al., 1995; Orr et al., 1990; Van Bockstaele, 1985). The nutritive value of white clover depends on the favorable leaf: stem ratio in total …
Cenchrus Ciliaris And Stylosanthes Seabrana For Grassland Development In Semi-Arid Areas Of Maharashtra,
2020
Nimbkar Agricultural Research Institute, India
Cenchrus Ciliaris And Stylosanthes Seabrana For Grassland Development In Semi-Arid Areas Of Maharashtra, Nandini Nimbkar, B. V. Nimbkar
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
A high proportion of grazing lands on the semi-arid Deccan plateau of Maharashtra, India are severely degraded and have experienced considerable loss of perennial vegetation and soil due to erosion. Consequently, these grazing lands have very low levels of pasture and animal productivity, water use efficiency is low and in combination these factors are threatening grazing systems of the local shepherd community. In Maharashtra 42% of the land is either covered with forest or scrub vegetation or left as culturable wasteland. Much of the efforts in land management have been directed towards forestry land with little attention given to private …
Yield And N Recovery By Grass Species In Response To Long Term Applications Of Manure And Mineral Fertilizer In A Cool Maritime Climate,
2020
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada
Yield And N Recovery By Grass Species In Response To Long Term Applications Of Manure And Mineral Fertilizer In A Cool Maritime Climate, Shabtai Bittman, Derek Hunt
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Liquid manure is an important source of nutrients on many modern dairy farms. Nitrogen (N) use efficiency of slurry is usually less than chemical fertilizer, but the difference is less when tested in trials lasting at least 7 years than in short term trials (Schröder et al., 2007). The efficiency of slurry manure N can be improved by minimizing loss of ammonia after application using low emission applicators. In grass stands where injection is impractical, mitigation methods often involve spreading the slurry in narrow bands directly on the soil surface. Losses of N as ammonia, nitrous oxide and leaching have …
Traditional Wisdom For Sustainable Agri And Livestock Production: An Opportunity For Better Animal, Human And Environment Health,
2020
Ayurvet Limited, India
Traditional Wisdom For Sustainable Agri And Livestock Production: An Opportunity For Better Animal, Human And Environment Health, M. J. Saxena, Anup Kalra
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Animal production is poised to make a generous leap in the years to come because of the multiplicity of the related events that are taking place around the globe. Increased demand of the livestock products, ease of market accessibility, and opportunity of global trade, increased cash flow in urban and rural societies, application of science and application of new technologies in production, feeding & processing may be some of the key factors responsible for the anticipated increase in livestock production. However, at the same time it is high time that we address some areas of quality assurance of feed & …
