The Relationship Between Hospitalists And Primary Care Physicians,
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
The Relationship Between Hospitalists And Primary Care Physicians, James Robert Burkhart
All ETDs from UAB
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOSPITALISTS AND PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIANS JAMES R. BURKHART EXECUTIVE DOCTOR OF SCIENCE IN ADMINISTRATION-HEALTH SERVICES ABSTRACT A study of the relationship between primary care physicians (PCPs) and hospitalists was conducted by surveying the Florida Academy of Family Physicians (FAFP) membership to determine whether they had an established relationship with a hospitalist or hospitalist group. The survey responses were then matched with Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Florida (BCBSF) administrative claims data to provide two groupings of study respondents with data regarding patients' average length-of-stay, average 30 day readmission rate, and average hospital claims payment. The survey …
A Pilot Study To Determine The Effectiveness Of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis As A Clinical Assessment Tool Of Nutrition Status In Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients (The Beam Study [Bia Effectiveness As Assessment Tool For Gbm Patients]),
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
A Pilot Study To Determine The Effectiveness Of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis As A Clinical Assessment Tool Of Nutrition Status In Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients (The Beam Study [Bia Effectiveness As Assessment Tool For Gbm Patients]), Rebecca V. Barnhill
All ETDs from UAB
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a rare brain tumor, yet accounts for 80% of malignant brain tumors and has a five-year survival rate of < 5%. Few studies have evaluated nutrition recommendations and outcomes of this disease, including caloric needs. The purpose of this study was to find the best predictive equation for resting energy expenditure (REE) for GBM patients and evaluate bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a clinical tool for estimating REE and fat free mass (FFM) of GBM patients. REE was measured with indirect calorimetry. FFM was measured with DXA and estimated with BIA. Published predictive equations for REE were calculated to compare to measured REE. Six equations used variables easily attained in a clinical setting and three used FFM. Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the strength of the relationships between measured and predicted REE. Agreement between methods on the group level was assessed by comparing the group means of measured and predicted REE with paired t-tests. The Bland-Altman approach was used to find agreement between the methods on the individual level. Analysis included fifteen newly diagnosed GBM patients (7 male and 8 female; mean age 57.1±11.6 years) to evaluate equations using clinical variables and a subsample of eight to evaluate predictive equations using FFM. All the predictive equations overestimated measured REE. The Mifflin-St Jeor was the only equation using clinical variables which was not significantly different from measured REE (p=0.054) and had the lowest bias (73 kcal/day) and narrowest limits of agreement. Likewise, Cunningham and Wang equations using FFM from DXA were not significantly different from measured (p=0.261 and p=0.072, respectively). BIA overestimated FFM compared to DXA, 54.1 kg and 49.2 kg, respectively (p<0.001). More visits with both DXA and BIA measurements available are needed before predictive equations with clinical variables and predictive equations with FFM can be compared. Due to the ease of obtaining clinical variables and the low bias and narrow limits of agreement found for the Mifflin equation, at this time it appears to be the best predictive equation for individuals with GBM.
Self-Organizing Biopsychosocial Dynamics And The Patient-Healer Relationship,
2012
Chapman University
Self-Organizing Biopsychosocial Dynamics And The Patient-Healer Relationship, David Pincus
Psychology Faculty Articles and Research
The patient-healer relationship has an increasing area of interest for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) researchers. This focus on the interpersonal context of treatment is not surprising as dismantling studies, clinical trials and other linear research designs continually point toward the critical role of context and the broadband biopsychosocial nature of therapeutic responses to CAM. Unfortunately, the same traditional research models and methods that fail to find simple and specific treatment-outcome relations are similarly failing to find simple and specific mechanisms to explain how interpersonal processes influence patient outcomes. This paper presents an overview of some of the key models …
Contracted Hospitalists And Non-Contracted Hospitalists: Impact On Hospital Cost And Quality Care Outcomes,
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Contracted Hospitalists And Non-Contracted Hospitalists: Impact On Hospital Cost And Quality Care Outcomes, Kathleen L. Adams
All ETDs from UAB
Background Changes in the health care delivery and policy environment are creating increased need for attention to health care costs and efficiency. Hospitals need to develop and implement oversight processes to effectively control costs and provide quality services. It is common for hospitals to contract with physician groups to staff various departments throughout the facility. Hospitalists are the most recent addition to hospital rosters. While some hospitals hire hospitalists directly as employees, others contract with physician groups to provide hospitalist services. The purpose of this study was to compare the potential benefits for hospitals that contracted with a hospitalist group …
Exploring Health Disparities For Children In The City Of Milwaukee,
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Exploring Health Disparities For Children In The City Of Milwaukee, Mark Edwin Anderson
All ETDs from UAB
This study investigated whether school-based oral health programs as a public policy intervention increased dental sealant applications among children from low-income families and minorities in public schools in inner city Milwaukee. By using a difference-in-differences analysis, we examined pre-post time frames, 2001-2003 and 2008-2009, to determine sealant application usage in public schools in nine inner city Milwaukee zip codes after the intervention of a public policy initiative to expand school-based oral health programs with the expressed intent of increasing placement of dental sealants in children at high risk for dental decay and disease. Results of a binary logistic regression revealed …
Influences Of Habitual Diet, Ethnicity, And Age On Circulating Total Ghrelin,
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Influences Of Habitual Diet, Ethnicity, And Age On Circulating Total Ghrelin, Amy Ellis
All ETDs from UAB
Ghrelin is a hormone known to stimulate appetite and food intake. Although certain macronutrients differentially suppress ghrelin on an acute basis, it is unknown whether habitual macronutrient intake affects circulating ghrelin. Thus, the first experimental aim was to determine whether 8-week habituation to diets differing in carbohydrate or fat would affect fasting ghrelin or ghrelin response to a mixed meal. Recent reports also suggest that ghrelin regulation may relate to propensity for obesity. Obesity is more prevalent among AA compared to EA, with the highest rates among AA females. This disparity becomes apparent before puberty, and childhood obesity tends to …
Fat Distribution And Metabolic Health: The Effects Of Macronutrient Manipulation On Fat Distribution, Weight Loss, And Glucose Metabolism,
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Fat Distribution And Metabolic Health: The Effects Of Macronutrient Manipulation On Fat Distribution, Weight Loss, And Glucose Metabolism, Amy Miskimon Goss
All ETDs from UAB
Fat distribution pattern may contribute to risk of development of metabolic diseases such and type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, the precise nature of the relationships between adipose tissue depots and metabolic health remains controversial. Additionally, further research is needed to identify optimal dietary approaches to reduce disease risk and visceral adiposity among overweight and obese individuals, who may already be on a trajectory for development of metabolic disease. Therefore, the goal of this project was to examine relationships of adipose tissue depots with insulin sensitivity, and then to determine if diets differing in CHO and fat content can …
Physical Activity Barriers Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cognitive Mapping Study,
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Physical Activity Barriers Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cognitive Mapping Study, Anna De Joya
All ETDs from UAB
Background: Despite the strong evidence indicating the benefits of regular physical activity (PA) for health and functioning, individuals with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) do not engage in PA at levels consistent with public health recommendations. To eliminate the health disparities and promote PA in this population, the barriers unique to individuals with TBI should be identified by different stakeholders to establish effective health promotion programs that have sustainable outcomes. There is limited evidence to guide the development and delivery of effective PA interventions in the TBI field. Objectives: The specific aims of this study are: 1) to identify the …
Examining Spasticity After Spinal Cord Injury Using A Novel Robotic Assessment,
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Examining Spasticity After Spinal Cord Injury Using A Novel Robotic Assessment, Leslie R. Van Hiel
All ETDs from UAB
This study investigated a novel robotic assessment of spasticity resulting from a spinal cord injury (SCI). Torque data was analyzed to provide a single measure spasticity score. Three participants with motor incomplete SCI and resultant spasticity were compared to three non-injured participants (NI) using three different angular velocities of passive lower extremity movement in the Lokomat gait orthosis. The mean spasticity scores (NI vs. SCI) at120°/s, 180°/s, and 240°/s were: 0.41 ± 0.30 vs. 3.70 ± 2.07; 0.65 ± 0.49 vs. 4.33 ± 3.57; and 1.55 ± 1.16 vs. 5.26 ± 3.99, respectively. Mean surface electrode electromyography measures (NI vs. …
Soy And Breast Cancer,
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Soy And Breast Cancer, Mandeep K. Virk-Baker
All ETDs from UAB
The incidence of breast cancer is lower in Asia as compared to Western countries. However, the breast cancer risk among Asian immigrants living in Western countries reaches nearly as high as the Western country, suggesting environmental factors (e.g. diet and lifestyle) may be important for this geographical disparity. One dietary change of Asian immigrants is a reduction in soy consumption. Soy is rich in isoflavones, which compete with estrogen for receptor (ER) binding, and may protect against breast cancer. S-(-)equol, a metabolite of the soy isoflavone daidzein (DZ) has a higher bioavailability and greater affinity for ER than DZ. The …
An Examination Of The Relationship Between The External Environment And Care Coordination,
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
An Examination Of The Relationship Between The External Environment And Care Coordination, Olena Mazurenko
All ETDs from UAB
This study addressed a gap in the care coordination literature by exploring the factors predictive of care coordination, with particular attention to the external environment. The first paper of this dissertation conducted a systematic review of empirical studies that looked at the predictors of care coordination. Based on the 22 papers that fulfilled the inclusion criteria, the evidence to support the relationships between care coordination and factors that are predictive of care coordination was shown to be weak to moderate depending on the types of factors you look at. This study has revealed a significant inconsistency in how predictors of …
The Effects Of Direct To Consumer Advertising On Healthcare Utilization Among Medicaid Children With Asthma,
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
The Effects Of Direct To Consumer Advertising On Healthcare Utilization Among Medicaid Children With Asthma, Luceta C. Mcroy
All ETDs from UAB
National guidelines recommend treatment of asthma with preventive long term medication, but adherence remains low, resulting in high healthcare utilization among those affected by the chronic disease. The increase in DTCA since the easing of restrictions by the FDA in 1997 has prompted much debate on the effects of the DTCA, with critics arguing that it is harmful while proponents see many benefits such as increased medication adherence. This study examines the impact of DTCA on healthcare utilization and asthma medication use by combining Medicaid administrative data and a national advertising data set on asthma medication from 1999 to 2002. …
A Study Of Early Adopters Of Innovation,
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
A Study Of Early Adopters Of Innovation, John B. Mcwhorter
All ETDs from UAB
This research study focused on identification of environmental and organizational variables that influence the rate of adoption of administrative innovation in organizations, and specifically hospitals that have adopted nurse magnet programs. The study identified both organizational and environmental factors as statistically significant among early adopters of magnet programs in hospitals, with organizational influences stronger than environmental influences in determining the rate of adoption of innovation. Organizational complexity, size, control of domain, presence of a competitor, and available resources were the factors identified as influencing the early adoption of innovation among hospitals.
Diagnostic Classifications For Bipedal Locomotion,
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Diagnostic Classifications For Bipedal Locomotion, Lois Deming Hedman
All ETDs from UAB
Background: Analysis of and intervention for movement dysfunction, especially walking dysfunction, is the central expertise of physical therapists (PTs). PTs are called to establish a diagnosis prior to making patient management decisions yet no valid classification system for walking exists. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine if locomotor experts could arrive at consensus on the validity, mutual exclusivity and understandability of diagnostic classifications for bipedal locomotion. Methods: An electronic mail Delphi survey methodology was utilized. Experts were recruited purposefully through research and clinical leaders in the PT profession. Identified experts were then asked for their recommendations in …
Screening For Medical Referral: Determining Variables That Influence Accuracy,
2012
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Screening For Medical Referral: Determining Variables That Influence Accuracy, Heather Ellis Mount
All ETDs from UAB
SCREENING FOR MEDICAL REFERRAL: DETERMINING VARIABLES THAT INFLUENCE ACCURACY HEATHER E. MOUNT DOCTOR OF SCIENCE IN PHYSICAL THERAPY ABSTRACT Background: Screening for medical referral is essential to autonomous practice; however, no studies have examined the medical screening abilities of physical therapists in various settings. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if physical therapists in various practice settings could appropriately screen for medical referral, given brief clinical vignettes. Methods: A Delphi study was performed to enhance the content validity of the vignettes. After reviewing the vignettes, survey participants determined if they would provide intervention, provide intervention and refer, …
Political Competition, Relative Deprivation, And Perceived Threat: A Research Note On Anti- Christian Violence In India,
2011
Butler University
Political Competition, Relative Deprivation, And Perceived Threat: A Research Note On Anti- Christian Violence In India, Chad Bauman, Tamara Leech
Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works
A preliminary subnational statistical analysis of violence against Christians in contemporary India, this article suggests that whereas the data provide very little support for simple, demographic explanations of this violence, they do more robustly support theories emphasizing the relative status of ethnic and religious minorities (vis-à-vis majorities) and the perception, among Hindus, that Christians (and other minorities) represent a threat to their numerical, political and economic strength.
Guantánamo Bodies: Law, Media, And Biopower,
2011
Montclair State University
Guantánamo Bodies: Law, Media, And Biopower, Cary H. Federman, Dave Holmes
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The idea of the Guantánamo detainee as a Muselmann, the lowest order of concentration camp inmates, contains within it important implications for the new understanding of sovereignty in the era of Guantánamo, in an age of exception. The purpose of this article is to explain the status of those who are detained at Guantánamo Bay. Stated broadly, in assessing that status, we will emphasize the connection between the altered meaning of sovereignty that has accompanied the placing of prisoners in an American penal colony in Cuba and the biopolitical status of the prisoners who reside there. More particularly, we …
Sir William Osler And The Muniments Of The Almshouse At Ewelme,
2011
University of Kentucky
Sir William Osler And The Muniments Of The Almshouse At Ewelme, Charles T. Ambrose
Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Historical Importance Of Transylvania University’S Medical Department (1799-1859), Focusing On The Little Known Secret Kappa Lambda Society Of Hippocrates And The Origin Of The American Medical Association's Principles Of Medical Ethics,
2011
University of Kentucky
The Historical Importance Of Transylvania University’S Medical Department (1799-1859), Focusing On The Little Known Secret Kappa Lambda Society Of Hippocrates And The Origin Of The American Medical Association's Principles Of Medical Ethics, Charles T. Ambrose
Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Tropical Medicine: A Clinical Text, 8th Edition, Revised And Expanded,
2011
Fordham University
Tropical Medicine: A Clinical Text, 8th Edition, Revised And Expanded, Kevin M. Cahill, M.D.
Institute of International Humanitarian Affairs
The history of tropical medicine is as dramatic as the story of humankind. It has its own myths and legends, including tales of epidemics that destroyed whole civilizations. Today, with silent stealth, tropical diseases still claim more lives than all the current wars combined. Having had the privilege of working throughout Africa, Asia, and Latin America, as well as in the great medical centers of Europe and the United States, the author presents the details essential for understanding pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, therapy, and prevention of the major tropical diseases. The text, now in its eighth edition, has been used for …
