Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases Commons^™

Feasibility And Efficacy Of Bisphosphonate Use For The Prevention Of Bone And Muscle Loss, Laura E. Flores

Theses & Dissertations

Loss of bone and muscle mass often occurs in tandem, increasing the risk of fragility fractures. Whereas many drugs are approved for the treatment of bone loss, there are few treatments available for the concomitant loss of bone and muscle. Identification of a treatment to mitigate pathologic bone and muscle atrophy has the potential to impact countless populations and influence approaches for healthy aging. Bisphosphonates have emerged as a potential treatment for both bone and muscle loss in cellular, murine, and observational human studies. Our findings of modest weight maintenance in postmenopausal women treated with 12-months of risedronate, relative to …

Evaluation Of Awareness, Knowledge, And Preventive Intervention Of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among Chinese Young Adults, Yi Du

Theses & Dissertations

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among Chinese young adults (CYA) aged 18-25 years ranges from 4.7% to 15.1% and has kept increasing in recent years. Previous studies reported limited awareness and knowledge of NALFD among middle-aged and older Chinese populations, however, they have not investigated awareness in CYA, for which there is no well-validated questionnaire. There is currently no efficacious educational intervention on NAFLD for CYA.

The objectives were 1) to develop and validate a questionnaire which can be used to assess the awareness and knowledge of NAFLD among CYA; 2) to assess the awareness and knowledge …

A Case Of Diabulimia In A 23-Year-Old Woman With Extensive Comorbidities, Stephen Poos, Kaitlin Mcgowan, Ashaki Martin

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Diabulimia is defined as intentionally withholding insulin injections for the purpose of weight loss in the setting of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D).

It is characterized as an eating disorder (ED), although it does not yet have DSM diagnosis status.

Recognition of the condition among medical professionals is limited but growing.

Wernicke’S Encephalopathy Secondary To Hyperemesis Gravidarum, Mohammad Rattu, Alexander Norinsky, James Espinosa, Alan Lucerna, Henry Schuitema

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) is a neurological disorder secondary to thiamine deficiency that is precipitated by administration of glucose-containing fluids prior to thiamine supplementation. Though WE is typically diagnosed among alcoholics (12.5%), the prevalence among nonalcoholics can vary from 0.04-0.13%. Around 30-40% of patients with underlying thiamine deficiency will only experience one of the symptoms from the typical triad, with the complete triad (encephalopathy, oculomotor dysfunction/nystagmus, and ataxia) only evident among 5-16% of the population. Among the non-alcoholic patient population presenting with WE, a history of vomiting is more frequent. While nausea affects around 80% of pregnant women, an extreme form …

Examining The Relationship Between Adolescent Obesity Rates And School Health Programs In Grades 9-12 In The United States, Joseph Melillo, Alison Mancuso

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

- In the United States, it was found that the prevalence of obese adolescents ages 12-19 was 21.2%.1

- According to a study by Ward et. al published in the New England Journal of Health (NEJH), the researchers estimated 88.2% of obese 19-year-olds would still be obese by the age of 35.2

- The purpose of this study was to evaluate school provided health programs and their impact on BMI values of students within these schools.

- This study aimed to compare health outcomes between different schools across the United States and identify aspects of school programming that can be …

Painless Scrotal Ulcers Become Something Unexpected: A Rare Case Of Scrotal Calciphylaxis, Riddhima Issar, Jinisha Patwa, Yvette Wang

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Calciphylaxis is a rare vascular disorder that presents with painful skin necrosis due to calcium accumulation in skin and adipose tissue. Most commonly, cutaneous manifestations of calciphylaxis are seen on the buttocks, thighs and extremities. Very few cases have presented unconventional locations of these calcified eschars and ulcers such as the penis and scrotum. Risk factors for this disease include chronic kidney disease, hyperparathyroidism, long-term hemodialysis and diabetes. This case presents an atypical presentation of painless scrotal ulcers.

A high degree of clinical suspicion in patients with ESRD on HD and T2DM is needed to effectively reach a diagnosis of …

The Effectiveness Of Culturally Relevant Obesity Programs On Decreasing Bmi Of Hispanic Children, Cindy Nativi

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Obesity epidemic a public health concern in the United States

• significantly increases health burden in affected individuals
• linked to increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer
• childhood obesity linked to earlier onset or presence in adulthood of the same diseases
• crucial to address this disease at the preventative level

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports obesity affects 19.3% of children and adolescents in the United States

• affects all ethnicities, but increased burden on minority populations of low socioeconomic status
• 1 in 5 Hispanic children considered obese

Latinos one of the fastest growing minority populations

• comprise approximately 17% of …

The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Pediatric Obesity In School-Aged Children, Amaani Faizal, Maryanna Schweininger, Suzanna Hosein

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

The prevalence of childhood obesity in those aged 2-19 in the United States was 19.3% in 2017-2018. Childhood obesity is a major health concern with growing rates of incidence. Being overweight or obese put children at risk for developing several chronic conditions such as coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and asthma at a younger age. Studies have shown that higher BMI numbers in childhood added an increased risk of being obese as an adult.

The pathophysiology of developing obesity includes several complex factors ranging from nutrition, physical activity, genetic background and lifestyle preferences. Among children, nutrition and …

Trends In Pediatric Obesity Of School-Aged Children During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Maryanna Schweininger, Amaani Faizal, Suzanna Hosein

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, children have been more sedentary due to nationwide school closures resulting in classes being held virtually. Due to restrictions, children could no longer participate in physical education classes and after school activities at the same frequency. The pandemic also placed a disproportionate burden on low-income families thus, potentially amplifying food insecurity. The aim of this study was to identify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on childhood obesity.

Case Report: Thyrotoxic Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis, Kelly Schuitema, Wayne Tamaska, Robin Lahr

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Thyrotoxic crisis, or thyroid storm, is an acute, life threatening event caused by hyperthyroidism with mortality up to 8-25% that can present with multi-system organ involvement. It is a rare, but well studied complication in the emergency department but can lead to further, less common complications. In this study we will discuss a case of thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis. Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis (TPP) most commonly affects Asian men. The key features of the syndrome include acute onset of hypokalemia and paralysis. The hypokalemic aspect of the disorder is secondary to the shift intracellularly by thyroid hormones’ sensitization of Na+/K+-ATPase …

Case Study Of Metformin-Induced Lactic Acidosis, Kajel Patel, Kishan B. Patel

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Metformin induced lactic acidosis is when high levels of metformin cause dangerously high levels of lactic acid. Here is a case report of a 72-year-old female who came in for nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea found to have a high suspicion for metformin induced lactic acidosis. She stabilized in the emergency department, nephrology and ICU was contacted, and she went for emergent dialysis. For many patients the prognosis of metformin induced lactic acidosis is poor. This patient was made comfort care by her family.

Etracellular Vesicles From Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg Protect Against Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury Through Suppression Of Intestinal Mir 194 And Subsequent Activation Of Fxr In Mice., Mengwei Jiang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Numerous studies have reported the efficacy of probiotics for alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). These studies indicate a strong interest among the scientific and medical communities in identifying alternative or adjunctive approaches for ALD, for which there is no effective or widely accepted therapeutic option. However, in-depth molecular knowledge on how probiotics render their effects is lacking. Patients with ALD often have increased hepatic bile acids (BAs), which can be toxic and are an important causative factor in liver injury and hepatocyte death. BAs are released into the intestines and serve not only as a “detergent” to promote fat absorption, but …

Parental Engagement To Influence Child Nutrition Habits, Mariah Van Ardenne

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Brighter Bites Salinas is a non-profit agency whose mission is to create healthy communities through fresh food. They do this by providing nutrition education to children and delivering free, fresh produce to parents. In the United States, obesity and food insecurity are common, intertwined issues among children. The contributing factors to these entangled issues are associated with living in poverty, acculturation of minority groups, and negative parental influence. The consequences of this include increased risk of chronic diseases, high-cost treatments, and mental health issues. This capstone project was created to positively engage parents in nutrition education to influence their children’s …

Plant-Based Diets And Metabolic Syndrome: Evaluating The Influence Of Diet Quality, Lydia Mcgrath

Honors Scholar Theses

Background: Diet plays a critical role in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Plant-based diets (PBDs) have demonstrated a broad range of health benefits, including a protective effect against MetS. Most research on this topic has focused on PBDs as a whole, without considering the influence of diet quality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between plant-based diet quality and biomarkers of MetS.

Methods: Data were obtained from a clinical nutrition study at the University of Connecticut. 29 participants with MetS were included. PBD quality was assessed using 2 measures: healthful PBD index (hPDI) …

Childhood Mortality During And After Acute Illness In Africa And South Asia: A Prospective Cohort Study, Childhood Acute Illness And Nutrition (Chain) Network, Abdoulaye Hama Diallo, Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin Shahid, Ali Fazal Khan, Ali Faisal Saleem, Benson O. Singa, Blaise Siezanga Gnoumou, Caroline Tigoi, Syed Asad Ali, Zaubina Kazi

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Mortality among children with acute illness in low-income and middle-income settings remains unacceptably high and the importance of post-discharge mortality is increasingly recognised. We aimed to explore the epidemiology of deaths among young children with acute illness across sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia to inform the development of interventions and improved guidelines.
Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled children aged 2-23 months with acute illness, stratified by nutritional status defined by anthropometry (ie, no wasting, moderate wasting, or severe wasting or kwashiorkor), who were admitted to one of nine hospitals in six countries across sub-Saharan Africa and …

Emotional Eating Among Final Year Undergraduate Female Students Of Faculty Of Public Health Universitas Indonesia During Covid-19 Pandemic In 2021, Adinda Safira Salsabiela, Wahyu Kurnia Yusrin Putra

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Emotional eating is defined as the tendency to excessively consuming food which often high in sugar, salt, and fat levels in response to negative emotions. Uncontrolled emotional eating will increase the risk of eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and type II diabetes. This study aims to find out about the relationship between perceived stress, anxiety, academic stressors, social media engagement, COVID-19 infection history in respondent and their family members, and mindfulness with emotional eating among 106 final year undergraduate female students of the Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic …

Current Intake And Infection Status Were Not Good Predictive Factors Of Stunting Among Children Aged 6-59 Months In Babakan Madang Sub-District, Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia, Ruth Desinta Purnamasari, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Trini Sudarti

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

This study aims to discover the prevalence of stunting and determine the associations between the history of pulmonary tuberculosis disease with the prevalence of stunting among children under five years of age (6-59 months) in Babakan Madang Sub-District, Bogor District 2019. This study uses a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. The sample in this research was 194 children under five obtained by cluster sampling. Data collection was conducted through May 2019. The data collection process includes anthropometric measurements using calibrated microtoise and digital length board, dietary assessment using 1 x 24-h food recall, and a self-administered questionnaire. Data analyses …

Nutrition Analysis Of Wood Apple (Limonia Acidissima), Yuliana Noor Setiawati Ulvie, Hapsari Sulistya Kusuma, Erma Handarsari

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Wood apple or Limonia acidissima contains fruit acid, vitamins, and minerals. The dry fiber of the fruit contains 15% citric acid, potassium, calcium, and iron salt. The seed and pulp contain fats and protein. The fats consist of palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid, despite palmitoleic and stearic acid traces. β-sitosterol, β-Amirin, lupeol, and stigmasterol are from the unsaponifiable matter of seed oil. It was descriptive research that employed a laboratory experiment approach to determine the composition of total carbohydrate, total protein, total fats, water, ash content, and the crude fiber of wood apple. The research found …

Carbohydrate Intake Is Associated With Learning Concentration Among High School Students In Jember Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia, Nadya Parahita Handini, Triyanti Triyanti, Kusharisupeni Djokosujono

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Low learning concentration will have impact on low academic performance. This study aims to determine the relationship between learning concentration and several factors and to find the most dominant factor in the students of SMAN 1 Jember. In this study, learning concentration was the dependent variable, while breakfast habits, nutrient intake (energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat, iron, zinc, vitamin B12, vitamin C), sleep quality, and physical activity were independent variables. This research is a quantitative study with cross-sectional design. This study conducted in June 2021 at SMAN 1 Jember with a total of 200 respondents who were selected using the quota …

Effect Of Health And Nutrition Education On Blood Pressure, Knowledge And Compliance Among Hypertensive Patients In Bogor District, Indonesia: A Control Quasi-Experiment, Nurul Dina Rahmawati, Hasbullah Thabrany, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

With a high prevalence of hypertension (25.8% in 2013 and 34.1% in 2018), Indonesia currently deals with a tremendous health economic burden with the implementation of National Health Insurance (JKN). Hypertension is known to lead to severe complications and productivity loss. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of health and nutrition education on blood pressure knowledge and compliance among hypertension patients. The study was conducted over a period of 6 months in Bogor District. A total of 179 patients (64%) completed the study (intervention n = 88, control n = 91). Compared to the control group, patients in the …