Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications Commons^™

Are Underprivileged And Less Empowered Women Deprived Of Respectful Maternity Care: Inequities In Childbirth Experiences In Public Health Facilities In Pakistan, Waqas Hameed, Mudassir Uddin, Bilal Iqbal Avan

Community Health Sciences

Background: Attainment of healthcare in respectful and dignified manner is a fundamental right for every woman regardless of the individual status. However, social exclusion, poor psychosocial support, and demeaning care during childbirth at health facilities are common worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. We concurrently examined how women with varying socio-demographic characteristics are treated during childbirth, the effect of women's empowerment on mistreatment, and health services factors that contribute to mistreatment in secondary-level public health facilities in Pakistan.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted during August-November 2016 among 783 women who gave birth in six secondary-care public health facilities …

Serious Adverse Events And 30-Day Hospital Readmission Rate Following Elective Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Costas Papakostidis, Peter V Giannoudis, J. Tracy Watson, Robert Zura, R. Grant Steen

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common surgery which has evolved rapidly. However, there are no recent large systematic reviews of serious adverse event (SAE) rate and 30-day readmission rate (30-dRR) or an indication of whether surgical methods have improved. Methods: To obtain a pooled estimate of SAE rate and 30-dRR following TKA, we searched Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. Data were extracted by two authors following PRISMA guidelines. Eligibility criteria were defined prior to a comprehensive search. Studies were eligible if they were published in 2007 or later, described sequelae of TKA …

Ovarian Seromucinous Tumors: Clinicopathological Features Of 10 Cases With A Detailed Review Of The Literature, Romana Idress, Nasir Ud Din, Sabeehuddin Siddique, Saira Fatima, Jamshid Abdul Ghafar, Zubair Ahmad

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: The 2014 WHO Classification of ovarian neoplasms introduced a new entity of seromucinous tumors associated with endometriosis. These tumors encompassed a spectrum from benign to malignant and included seromucinous cystadenoma/ cystadenofibroma, seromucinous borderline tumor/atypical proliferative seromucinous tumor and seromucinous carcinoma. However, the 2020 WHO Classification of Female Genital Tumours removed seromucinous carcinomas as a distinct entity and recategorized them as Endometrioid carcinomas with mucinous differentiation. Here we describe clinico-morphologic features of seromucinous tumors recategorizing cases originally diagnosed as seromucinous carcinoma in light of 2020 WHO classification and present detailed review of literature.
Methods: Slides of seromucinous tumors were reviewed. …

Pregnancy After Embolization For Arteriovenous Malformation: An Uncommon Successful Outcome, Arshia Javed, Sana Sheikh

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an uncommon but fatal condition and can cause bleeding from abnormal connection between artery and vein. Pregnancy after embolization of uterine AVM is very uncommon, and there are increased risks of spontaneous abortion and growth retardation. We report a case of pregnancy after bilateral uterine artery embolization for AVM and its successful outcome..

Safety Of Daily Low-Dose Aspirin Use During Pregnancy In Low-Income And Middle-Income Countries, Vanessa L. Short, Matthew Hoffman, Mrityunjay Metgud, Avinash Kavi, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Jean Okitawutshu, Antoinette Tshefu, Carl L. Bose, Saleem Jessani, Sarah Saleem

Community Health Sciences

Background: The daily use of low-dose aspirin may be a safe, widely available, and inexpensive intervention for reducing the risk of preterm birth. Data on the potential side effects of low-dose aspirin use during pregnancy in low- and middle-income countries are needed.
Objective: This study aimed to assess differences in unexpected emergency medical visits and potential maternal side effects from a randomized, double-blind, multicountry, placebo-controlled trial of low-dose aspirin use (81 mg daily, from 6 to 36 weeks' gestation).
Study design: This study was a secondary analysis of data from the Aspirin Supplementation for Pregnancy Indicated Risk Reduction In Nulliparas …

Does Delay In The Diagnosis Of Rudimentary Horn Pregnancy In Patients With Unicornuate Uteri Impact Treatment Outcomes?, Victoria Webber, Megan Fee, Damla Gonullu, Jessica Rausch, Omosalewa Itauma, Chidinma Abara, Awoniyi Awonuga

Medical Student Research Symposium

OBJECTIVE: Rudimentary horn pregnancy (RHP) is a very rare form of ectopic pregnancy (EP) that tends to rupture in the second trimester. Similar to other EPs, the treatment of RHPs is excision, hence delay in diagnosis (DID) can be detrimental. Our objective is to determine whether DID of RHP in patients with unicornuate uteri (UCU) impacts the treatment outcome.

DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of published case reports in PubMed database.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A computerized PubMed search of case reports of RHP from 2007 to 2020 was performed using the key words; unicornuate uterus, rudimentary horn, pregnancy, case. Data was …

The Utility Of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy In Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature., Moayed Ibrahim, Kshama Bhyravabhotla, Basil Khalaf, Keith Van Meter, Nakhle S Saba, Hana Safah, Francisco Socola

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: To date, there are only a few case reports of cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) in adult or pediatric allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) patients treated successfully with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO). In all the reported cases, Cy was used as a part of the conditioning regimen, rather than post-transplant for graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. More recently, the risk of HC in allogeneic SCT is further increased by the widespread use of post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) as a highly effective strategy for GVHD prophylaxis. This is the first case reported of PTCy-induced HC successfully treated with HBO to the best of our …

Effectiveness Of Physical Therapy Interventions For Women With Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review, Emily Hammond, Abigail Applegate, Emma Caldwell, Hayley Witmer, Amy Tremback-Ball

Student Research Poster Presentations 2021

Background and aims: Primary dysmenorrhea, or painful menstruation, is common in menstruating females. However, in some, it can cause intense pain, disrupt activities of daily living, and impact quality of life. The treatment of dysmenorrhea does not traditionally include physical therapy. A systematic review was conducted to explore the role of physical therapy in treating dysmenorrhea. Methods: A search was performed in August 2020 and January 2021 using EBSCOhost, Academic Search Ultimate, CINAHL Complete, and MEDLINE. Search terms included exercise or physical activity or fitness AND dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain or painful menstruation. Inclusion criteria were articles that were peer-reviewed, …

Targeting Epigenetic Mechanisms In Endometriosis, Sarah Elizabeth Brunty

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Endometriosis is a complex and elusive gynecological disease in which the inner lining of the uterus grows in locations outside of the uterus and forms lesions. It is known to affect 1 in 9 women of reproductive age worldwide. Symptoms of endometriosis include severe pain, heavy periods, and infertility. While multiple theories of origin exist, none fully encompass all aspects of the disease, although all theories agree that this is an inflammation-driven disease. Due to this, many researchers are turning towards epigenetics to explain the initiation and progression of endometriosis. However, what is causing these epigenetic changes is still a …

Counting Stillbirths And Covid 19-There Has Never Been A More Urgent Time, Caroline S E. Homer, Susannah Hopkins Leisher, Neelam Aggarwa, Joseph Akuze, Delly Babona, Hannah Blencowe, John Bolgna, Richard Chawana, Aliki Christou, Rafat Jan

School of Nursing & Midwifery

No abstract provided.

A Pilot Study Of Oral Health Related Quality Of Life During Gynecologic Cancer Treatment, Stephanie Kushnir

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if oral health education increases oral health related quality of life in gynecologic oncology patients.

Methods: In this pilot study, 23 participants (18 - 70+ years) with a history of gynecologic cancer were recruited to participate in the study. Participants completed an Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire prior to and after given education packet.

Results: At baseline, the mean pre-test OHIP-14 score was 6.7 (SD 8.4) and mean OHIP-14 post-test score was 8.8 (SD 8.4). Pearson Correlation was .90. P (T< = t) one-tail p < .008. Demonstrating statistical significance.

Conclusion: OHIP-14 scores increased after four-weeks, higher scores of …

Impact Of Smoking And Hpv Status On Cervical Cancer Survival In Women Living In Kentucky, 2004-2005 And 2014-2015, Brittany M. Mckinley

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVE: Cervical cancer is the fourth most commonly occurring malignancy in women worldwide, with an estimated 530,000 new cases and 270,000 new deaths each year (Small et al, 2017). While the incidence of cervical cancer has decreased by approximately 1.9% per year between 2007 and 2011, the death rate has remained stable (Bernard et al, 2014). Studies have shown that nearly all cervical cancer cases are associated with the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Many studies support the association of smoking with increased risk of invasive cervical cancer in women with high-risk HPV (Castle et al, 2002; Fang et al, …

Methenamine Prophylaxis For Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections In A Tertiary Referral Center, Cameron A. Wade

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Purpose: Methenamine hippurate (MH) is a urinary antiseptic, indicated for prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) but with only few and limited studies regarding its efficacy. To help address this knowledge gap we reviewed our experience with MH for UTI prophylaxis, focusing on women with recurrent uncomplicated UTIs.

Materials and Methods: The University of Kentucky electronic health record was queried to identify adults who were prescribed MH from the Urology clinic between January 2013 and January 2019. Charts were reviewed to assess patient-reported UTI frequency, demographics and relevant health factors. Treatment success was defined as 0-1 UTI in 6 …

The Efficacy Of Mirnas As A Diagnostic Tool For Endometriosis, Maura Franey

Capstone Showcase

Abstract

Introduction: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory gynecological condition. Laparoscopic abdominopelvic exploration is the gold standard of diagnosis, but is not performed until patients experience severe symptoms. This review analyzes the levels of circulating micro-RNAs (miRNAs) (I) for diagnosis of endometriosis (O) in women diagnosed with endometriosis (P) compared to laparoscopic exploration (C).

Methods: A literature search was conducted through PubMed and Cochrane Library in November 2019. A total of nine articles consisting of case-control or systematic reviews were selected based on publication date, main outcome, and the use of miRNAs or laparoscopy for diagnosis of endometriosis.

Results: The eight …

Efficacy Of Anti-Mullerian Hormone In The Diagnosis Of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Cassidy Prewitt

Capstone Showcase

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex condition that presents with a wide variety of symptoms. The PCOS diagnosis standard is the Rotterdam criteria, which includes hyperandrogenism, oligo-anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM). Transvaginal ultrasounds have traditionally been used to evaluate PCOM, however, they are highly dependent on technician skill. This paper will evaluate research regarding the use of anti-Mullerian (AMH) in PCOS diagnosis as an alternative to transvaginal ultrasound.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Academic Search Ultimate in January 2020. A total of eight articles were selected based on relevance to the research topic …

Health Outcomes And Utilization Associated With Renal Diseases In Patients With Cancer In The United States, Mitisha Dedhia

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Adverse events and impairments associated with cancer and its treatments causes worse outcomes. Increased incidence of renal diseases among cancer patients is of particular concern. Objective: To determine the risk factors for renal disease in cancer patients and compare healthcare costs, utilization and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of cancer patients with a renal disease and cancer patients without renal diseases. Methods: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey files from 2009 – 2018 for cancer patients was used for this study. Multiple logistic regression, generalized linear model, Poisson regression and multiple linear regression for analyses after adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic and …

Association Of Parity With Birthweight And Neonatal Death In Five Sites: The Global Network's Maternal Newborn Health Registry Study, Ana Garces, Wilton Perez, Margo S. Harrison, Kay S. Hwang, Tracy L. Nolen, Robert L. Goldenberg, Archana B. Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Adrien Lokangaka, Sarah Saleem

Community Health Sciences

Background: Nulliparity has been associated with lower birth weight (BW) and other adverse pregnancy outcomes, with most of the data coming from high-income countries. In this study, we examined birth weight for gestational age z-scores and neonatal (28-day) mortality in a large prospective cohort of women dated by first trimester ultrasound from multiple sites in low and middle-income countries.
Methods: Pregnant women were recruited during the first trimester of pregnancy and followed through 6 weeks postpartum from Maternal Newborn Health Registry (MNHR) sites in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Guatemala, Belagavi and Nagpur, India, and Pakistan from 2017 and …

Why Are The Pakistani Maternal, Fetal And Newborn Outcomes So Poor Compared To Other Low And Middle-Income Countries?, Aleha Aziz, Sarah Saleem, Tracy L. Nolen, Nousheen Akber Pradhan, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Saleem Jessani, Ana L. Garces, Patricia L. Hibberd, Janet L. Moore, Sameen Siddiqi

Community Health Sciences

Background: Pakistan has among the poorest pregnancy outcomes worldwide, significantly worse than many other low-resource countries. The reasons for these differences are not clear. In this study, we compared pregnancy outcomes in Pakistan to other low-resource countries and explored factors that might help explain these differences.
Methods: The Global Network (GN) Maternal Newborn Health Registry (MNHR) is a prospective, population-based observational study that includes all pregnant women and their pregnancy outcomes in defined geographic communities in six low-middle income countries (India, Pakistan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guatemala, Kenya, Zambia). Study staff enroll women in early pregnancy and follow-up soon after …

Gender Variations In Neonatal And Early Infant Mortality In India And Pakistan: A Secondary Analysis From The Global Network Maternal Newborn Health Registry, Zubair H. Aghai, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Archana Patel, Sarah Saleem, Sangappa M. Dhaded, Avinash Kavi, Parth Lalakia, Farnaz Naqvi, Patricia L. Hibberd, Elizabeth M. Mcclure

Community Health Sciences

Background: To determine the gender differences in neonatal mortality, stillbirths, and perinatal mortality in south Asia using the Global Network data from the Maternal Newborn Health Registry.
Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of prospectively collected data from the three south Asian sites of the Global Network. The maternal and neonatal demographic, clinical characteristics, rates of stillbirths, early neonatal mortality (1-7 days), late neonatal mortality (8-28 days), mortality between 29-42 days and the number of infants hospitalized after birth were compared between the male and female infants.
Results: Between 2010 and 2018, 297,509 births [154,790 males (52.03%) and 142,719 …

Maternal Mortality In Six Low And Lower-Middle Income Countries From 2010 To 2018: Risk Factors And Trends, Melissa Bauserman, Vanessa R. Thorsten, Tracy L. Nolen, Jackie Patterson, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Archana B. Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Sarah Saleem, Saleem Jessani

Community Health Sciences

Background: Maternal mortality is a public health problem that disproportionately affects low and lower-middle income countries (LMICs). Appropriate data sources are lacking to effectively track maternal mortality and monitor changes in this health indicator over time.
Methods: We analyzed data from women enrolled in the NICHD Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research Maternal Newborn Health Registry (MNHR) from 2010 through 2018. Women delivering within research sites in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Guatemala, India (Nagpur and Belagavi), Kenya, Pakistan, and Zambia are included. We evaluated maternal and delivery characteristics using log-binomial models and multivariable models to obtain relative …