Bioethics and Medical Ethics Commons^™

A Bioethics Critique Of The Healthcare System In Nigeria: Personal Dignity And Human Solidarity, Cyprian Duru

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Life is a sacred gift, an indivisible good with an inherent dignity and value. Despite its uniqueness, fragility, vulnerability, and limitations, it remains the most interesting, attractive, and exciting thing one can possess. These attributes invoke a deep sense of respect to life. Recently, science and biotechnology have astonished the world, as they continue to disorient human consciousness on new set of ethical issues. In effect, life is seriously exposed to the perspectives of modern science and technology. Thus, President George W. Bush warns that the powers of science are morally neutral, capable for good and bad purposes. In …

Narrative Authority: A Narrative-Based Multicultural Ethics To Overcome Western Biases In The Current Models Of Care, Fahmida Hossain

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Technological advances and globalization are transforming healthcare dramatically. But unfortunately, current medical practices remain blind to their multicultural patients’ varied worldviews and norms, especially in the West. As a result, patients often find themselves isolated, anxious, and resentful.

All the humanistic models in the current literature view the individual as a unique and autonomous being and, in turn, provide practices to access and recognize the patient’s personhood. These models—Narrative Medicine, Narrative Ethics, and Ethics of Care—attempt to catch sight of the individual, the person’s situation, and some semblance of the person’s story before diagnosing or offering prescriptions. However, all these …

The Contribution Of Ethical Governance Of Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning In Healthcare, Tina Nguyen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

With the Internet Age and technology progressively advancing every year, the usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) along with Machine Learning (ML) algorithms has only increased since its introduction to society. Specifically, in the healthcare field, AI/ML has proven to its end-users how beneficial its assistance has been. However, despite its effectiveness and efficiencies, AI/ML has also been under scrutiny due to its unethical outcomes. As a result of this, two polarizing views are typically debated when discussing AI/ML. One side believes that AI/ML usage should continue regardless of its unsureness, while the other side argues that this technology is too …

Undergraduate Holocaust Education And Biomedical Ethics: What's The Connection?, Tatiana Thompson

Psychology Department Student Scholarship

This poster represents the research results of two studies used to examine Holocaust education in undergraduate colleges and universities.

Everyday Ethics And Equity At The Bedside, Shika Kalevor, Angie Knackstedt

Research Days

Background: Traditional bioethics training, although important, may not be completely suited to the nursing role. In contrast to traditional clinical ethics, which focuses on healthcare dilemmas, everyday ethics focuses on routine clinical encounters between clinicians, patients, and families and may be better suited to help nurses address issues such as bias and racism at the bedside.

Objectives/Goal: This study aims to provide a data-backed approach to ethics education for nurses as it pertains to improvements in the understanding of Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion (DEI) efforts in healthcare. This study also provides an opportunity for the field of bioethics to provide …

Pre-Medical Student Concerns Regarding Applying To Medical School During Covid-19 Pandemic, Rachel Connell

Posters

INTRODUCTION
Over the last two years, the COVID-19 pandemic has altered the system processes of medical education. The primary goal of this study is to identify themes regarding the concerns of pre-medical students in the 2020-2021 application cycle through qualitative analysis of www.studentdoctor.net medical school admission forum posts in order to contribute to the limited literature available on this relatively novel topic.

Death Exposure Influence On Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward End-Of-Life Care, Sara J. Barlow, Nelia Alfonso, Jason A. Wasserman

Posters

INTRODUCTION
Advance directives help guide individuals and their families in making end-of-life decisions that physicians must respect and carry out on behalf of patients to provide optimal care that aligns with their wishes. The facilitation of end-of-life care and the application of advance directives are impacted by physicians’ attitudes and knowledge regarding this topic. Current studies focus on the perspective that practicing physicians have toward advance directives. Our goal is to examine the end-of-life preferences of medical students at Oakland University William Beaumont (OUWB) School of Medicine before and after clinical exposure to better appreciate how and when opinions regarding …

Understanding The State Of Lgbtqia+ Healthcare And Support In Camden County, Sayan Basu, Sana Farhat, Cindy Capps, Ali Harb

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

4.5% of American adults identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual and about 1.4 million adults identify as transgender.

This demographic is impacted by many social determinants of health and health disparities, particularly for transgender patients.

33% of LGBTQIA+ patients ranging from a pool of 28,000 surveyed patients have had a negative experience with their health providers, and 8% of them had to educate their physicians about their needs due to physicians’ lack of knowledge about this demographic.

Research suggests that there is a reluctance to access mental health services in the LGBTQIA+ community due to homophobia,, difficulties disclosing sexual and …

Literature Review: Incidentalomas In Emergency Medicine - How Often Are They Reported And Are Patients Informed?, Mohammad Rattu, James Espinosa, Alan Lucerna, James Lee

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

The purpose of this proposed study is to look at the rate of incidental findings on CT scan in a community hospital setting, as well as to look at the rate of documentation of communication of the findings to the patient and referral for follow-up to primary care or to a specialty follow-up.

The Influence Of Blm And The Death Of George Floyd On Medical And Pre-Med Students And Their Views On Institutional Racism, Asia Susko, Jason A. Wasserman

Posters

INTRODUCTION
Racial inequalities present in medical education in a multitude of ways, including basing disease prevalence on majority populations and using images that disproportionately represent white patients. George Floyd’s death was not only a sentinel event of police violence, but underscored broader systemic racism, including medicine’s potential for complicity. This study highlights the perspectives of premedical and medical students in light of George Floyd’s death and the Black Lives Matter movement. Their views help elaborate ways to better support students and staff of color in medical education.

Emergency Department Recidivism Due To Skin Lesions Among The Homeless Population, Kylee Jb Kus, Jason A. Wasserman

Posters

INTRODUCTION
Ample research supports the correlation between homelessness and poor health generally. Individuals experiencing homelessness face a higher risk of dermatological health problems due to exposure and sanitation concerns and comprise a disproportionately large share of emergency department (ED) visits. This study assesses whether and how the interaction between homelessness and dermatological health contributes to ED recidivism.

The Divergence Of Medical Ethics And State Laws Regarding Life Sustaining Treatment, Hannah Vandusen, Jason A. Wasserman

Posters

INTRODUCTION
Research reveals that cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rarely leads to prolonged survival in patients with chronic illnesses in whom death is expected in the relative near-term. There is strong ethical consensus favoring a physician’s right to refuse to provide CPR when it is physiologically futile or medically inappropriate. State laws governing medical treatment, however, sometimes diverge from this guidance. This study examines laws related to life sustaining treatment, analyzing both physician and surrogate authority in decision making about resuscitation orders in the national context.

Gauging The Impact Of Interactions With Autistic Children Early In Medical Education, Emily W. Yuen, Helen E. Huetterman, Jessica Korneder, Jason A. Wasserman, Mary O. Dereski

Posters

INTRODUCTION
One in fifty-nine children in the United States are currently diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Despite this high prevalence, medical students receive little training on this unique population. This project aims to determine the impact on first-year medical students’ attitudes toward treatment of children diagnosed with ASD following small group interactions in an Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) clinic.

Islamic Bioethics: National Regulations And Guidelines Of Human Stem Cell Research In The Muslim World, Azza Mahmoud

International Studies (MA) Theses

The utilization of human stem cells emerged recently in the Muslim world as one of the essential valuable areas of medicine for their vital role in developing regenerative medicine and treating chronic and incurable diseases. Existing studies indicate that most human stem cell researchers rely on varying schools of thought in Islamic law or on an individual base to define legitimate practices. From a policy perspective, the different Islamic religious decrees do not constitute a unified legal framework to promote essential international collaborations. The existing literature exhibits a limitation in comprehensive studies on human stem cell research (HSCR) in the …

Narrative Capacity, James Toomey

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The doctrine of capacity is a fundamental threshold to the protections of private law. The law only recognizes private decision-making—from exercising the right to transfer or bequeath property and entering into a contract to getting married or divorced—made with the level of cognitive functioning that the capacity doctrine demands. When the doctrine goes wrong, it denies individuals, particularly older adults, access to basic private-law rights on the one hand and ratifies decision-making that may tear apart families and tarnish legacies on the other.

The capacity doctrine in private law is built on a fundamental philosophical mismatch. It is grounded in …

The Ethics Of Masking During A Pandemic, Mason Bennett

Philosophy Undergraduate Honors Theses

The COVID-19 pandemic has been disastrous, approaching a million deaths in the United States alone, and has demonstrated the world’s lack of preparation for a severe airborne virus. Countermeasures to infection are important to implement in order to lessen loss of life, but also must be justified and shown to be ethical. A countermeasure which is especially viable is wearing masks because of their high efficacy in preventing disease transmission compared to their relatively low restriction of liberty; studies have shown that mask wearing effectively impairs the spread of airborne pathogens and creates little physical or social harm. I argue …

Preimplantation Genetic Testing: A Fundamental Right, Julianna S. Swann

William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice

Unlike many European countries of similar economic, social, scientific, and political advancement, there is virtually no regulation of preimplantation genetic testing in the United States. This Note will explore preimplantation genetic testing and demonstrate that potential parents in the United States have a right to conduct said testing under the umbrella of the fundamental right to privacy. This Note will demonstrate the need for the regulation for preimplantation genetic testing that will comply with the Undue Burden Test set out in Planned Parenthood v. Casey, while acknowledging and supporting the fundamental right of potential parents to conduct testing. This …

Medical Ethics: From The Perspective Of Undergraduate Pre-Health Students, Hannah Im

Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects

The burden of ethical decision-making is a significant contributor to compassion fatigue in healthcare professionals. Due to the impact of moral conflicts, it may be beneficial to reassess the effectiveness of current ethics education and training. While previous studies have surveyed a range of medical professionals and students, it remains unclear if exposure to ethics topics during undergraduate education could better prepare future healthcare workers. Thus, there is a need to identify the necessity of introducing ethics courses into the required pre-health curriculum. The following study took the first step to gauge this by surveying undergraduate pre-health students on their …

Transplantability In Burdened Populations: A Regional Analysis Of The Robotic-Assisted Kidney Transplant Impact On Access Given Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors, Earnest James Davis Jr.

Dissertations

Introduction/Background

The social contract of health (SCOH) in America that governs healthcare interactions has listed toward provider organizations and away from the patient. End stage renal disease treatment provides an explicatory case to examine an unbalanced SCOH. The study evaluates whether the robot-assisted kidney transplantation (RAKT) technique allows for patients with higher body mass indices and of burdened socioeconomic and sociodemographic status improved access to transplant compared to traditional open kidney transplant (OKT).

Methods

The study set combined extant data for patients transplanted at Chicago from two data sets. Investigators used independent t-tests, chi-squared tests, survival analysis, analysis of frequencies, …

Peer Review/Ethics: How Can Our Office Be More Inclusive Of Transgender Patients?, Debra Peters Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

In this professional ethics article, Dr. Debra Peters of the ADA’s Council on Ethics, Bylaws and Judicial Affairs addresses the need for dental teams to be more inclusive of transgender patients, emphasizing the challenges faced by transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) individuals in accessing dental care. The article recommends providing training and resources for dental teams, highlighting the importance of first impressions and effective communication during patient interactions. Practical suggestions include incorporating affirmed name and gender options in registration forms, ensuring appropriate language in interactions, and addressing insurance claim discrepancies. The column promotes creating a respectful environment and cites the …