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Articles 2191 - 2220 of 2362

Full-Text Articles in Graphics and Human Computer Interfaces

Automatic Video Summarization By Graph Modeling, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yu-Fei Ma, Hong-Jiang Zhang Oct 2003

Automatic Video Summarization By Graph Modeling, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yu-Fei Ma, Hong-Jiang Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We propose a unified approach for summarization based on the analysis of video structures and video highlights. Our approach emphasizes both the content balance and perceptual quality of a summary. Normalized cut algorithm is employed to globally and optimally partition a video into clusters. A motion attention model based on human perception is employed to compute the perceptual quality of shots and clusters. The clusters, together with the computed attention values, form a temporal graph similar to Markov chain that inherently describes the evolution and perceptual importance of video clusters. In our application, the flow of a temporal graph is …

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Trifocal Morphing, Angus M. K. Siu, Ada S. K. Wan, Rynson W. H. Lau, Chong-Wah Ngo Jul 2003

Trifocal Morphing, Angus M. K. Siu, Ada S. K. Wan, Rynson W. H. Lau, Chong-Wah Ngo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Image morphing allows smooth transition between 2D images. However, one of the limitations of existing image morphing techniques is the lack of interaction - the viewpoints of the interpolated images are restrained to the line joining the optical centers of the source and the destination images. Another limitation of existing image morphing techniques is that shape warping often causes distortion due to barycentric mapping. In this paper, we present our trifocal morphing technique to address these problems. The new technique allows a user to change the viewpoint of the output images, i.e., increasing the degrees of freedom of interaction, and …

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Detection Of Documentary Scene Changes By Audio-Visual Fusion, Atulya Velivelli, Chong-Wah Ngo, Thomas S. Huang Jul 2003

Detection Of Documentary Scene Changes By Audio-Visual Fusion, Atulya Velivelli, Chong-Wah Ngo, Thomas S. Huang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The concept of a documentary scene was inferred from the audio-visual characteristics of certain documentary videos. It was observed that the amount of information from the visual component alone was not enough to convey a semantic context to most portions of these videos, but a joint observation of the visual component and the audio component conveyed a better semantic context. From the observations that we made on the video data, we generated an audio score and a visual score. We later generated a weighted audio-visual score within an interval and adaptively expanded or shrunk this interval until we found a …

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Video Clip Retrieval By Maximal Matching And Optimal Matching In Graph Theory, Yu-Xin Peng, Chong-Wah Ngo, Qing-Jie Dong, Zong-Ming Guo, Jian-Guo Xiao Jul 2003

Video Clip Retrieval By Maximal Matching And Optimal Matching In Graph Theory, Yu-Xin Peng, Chong-Wah Ngo, Qing-Jie Dong, Zong-Ming Guo, Jian-Guo Xiao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, a novel approach for automatic matching, ranking and retrieval of video clips is proposed. Motivated by the maximal and optimal matching theories in graph analysis, a new similarity measure of video clips is defined based on the representation and modeling of bipartite graph. Four different factors: visual similarity, granularity, interference and temporal order of shots are taken into consideration for similarity ranking. These factors are progressively analyzed in the proposed approach. Maximal matching utilizes the granularity factor to efficiently filter false matches, while optimal matching takes into account the visual, granularity and interference factors for similarity measure. …

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Ladar-Based Detection And Tracking Of Moving Objects From A Ground Vehicle At High Speeds, Chieh-Chih Wang, Charles Thorpe, Arne Suppe Jun 2003

Ladar-Based Detection And Tracking Of Moving Objects From A Ground Vehicle At High Speeds, Chieh-Chih Wang, Charles Thorpe, Arne Suppe

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Detection and tracking of moving objects (DATMO) in crowded urban areas from a ground vehicle at high speeds is difficult because of a wide variety of targets and uncertain pose estimation from odometry and GPS/DGPS. In this paper we present a solution of the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) with DATMO problem to accomplish this task using ladar sensors and odometry. With a precise pose estimate and a surrounding map from SLAM, moving objects are detected without a priori knowledge of the targets. The interacting multiple model (IMM) estimation algorithm is used for modeling the motion of a moving object …

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Creating Enterprise Simulations Using High Level Architecture, Anton R. Lidums Apr 2003

Creating Enterprise Simulations Using High Level Architecture, Anton R. Lidums

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Despite an established need, there are two remaining roadblocks to building distributed simulations and enterprise simulation systems. First, commercial simulation packages and engineering modeling tools are not readily distributable across multiple computers and have traditionally had very little impetus for utilizing a distributable format. Second, although HLA simulations have been built and there are tools to facilitate those efforts, very little has been done or written that specifically describes a "non-standard" integration implementation in sufficient detail to make the process reusable or repeatable. This thesis introduces a proof of concept prototype that was developed to integrate simulations. The paper presents …

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Text Manipulation Judgment Accuracy: An Exploratory Study, Randy S. Wardak Mar 2003

Text Manipulation Judgment Accuracy: An Exploratory Study, Randy S. Wardak

Theses and Dissertations

Deception aims to affect a decision-making process in a way that somehow benefits the deceiver. More knowledge is desired in the area of purely text-based scenarios. Thirty-seven graduate students at the Air Force Institute of Technology participated in an experiment in order to gain an initial understanding of how people determine whether text has been manipulated, and to identify specific areas that may be more closely investigated in future research. Excerpts were drawn from editions of a current-events newsletter that the participants receive on a weekly basis as part of their enrollment in the graduate program. Some of the excerpts …

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Motion Analysis And Segmentation Through Spatio-Temporal Slices Processing, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong, Hong-Jiang Zhang Mar 2003

Motion Analysis And Segmentation Through Spatio-Temporal Slices Processing, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong, Hong-Jiang Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper presents new approaches in characterizing and segmenting the content of video. These approaches are developed based upon the pattern analysis of spatio-temporal slices. While traditional approaches to motion sequence analysis tend to formulate computational methodologies on two or three adjacent frames, spatio-temporal slices provide rich visual patterns along a larger temporal scale. In this paper, we first describe a motion computation method based on a structure tensor formulation. This method encodes visual patterns of spatio-temporal slices in a tensor histogram, on one hand, characterizing the temporal changes of motion over time, on the other hand, describing the motion …

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Antecedents And Outcomes Of End User Computing Competence, David A. Case Mar 2003

Antecedents And Outcomes Of End User Computing Competence, David A. Case

Theses and Dissertations

The tremendous proliferation of end user computing (EUC) in the workplace over the past few decades is cause for concern in public and private organizations. Computer use has moved from individuals working with "dumb" terminals in centralized networks to individuals operating personal computers, just as powerful as yesterday's mainframe. The end user has had to evolve and will continue evolving as well; from someone with low level technical skills to someone with a high level of technical knowledge and information managerial skills. Because EUC continues growing more sophisticated, end users must not only maintain a level of competence, but prepare …

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The Effect Of Interactivity And Instructional Exposure On Learning Effectiveness And Knowledge Retention: A Comparative Study Of Two U.S. Air Force Computer-Based Training (Cbt) Courses For Network User Licensing, Matthew J. Imperial Mar 2003

The Effect Of Interactivity And Instructional Exposure On Learning Effectiveness And Knowledge Retention: A Comparative Study Of Two U.S. Air Force Computer-Based Training (Cbt) Courses For Network User Licensing, Matthew J. Imperial

Theses and Dissertations

The United States Air Force (USAF) currently employs the use of computer-based training (CET) across a host of requirements. One such requirement is in the Information Assurance (IA) arena and involves the training/licensing of over one-million computer network end-users. USAF use of CETs has been shown to possess a potential for substantial fiscal savings. However, studies investigating the learning outcomes of learning effectiveness (initial learning) and knowledge retention (sustained learning) associated with USAF CETs are lacking.

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The Staging Transformation Approach To Mixing Initiative, Robert Capra, Michael Narayan, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan, Manuel A. Pérez-Quiñones Jan 2003

The Staging Transformation Approach To Mixing Initiative, Robert Capra, Michael Narayan, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan, Manuel A. Pérez-Quiñones

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Mixed-initiative interaction is an important facet of many conversational interfaces, flexible planning architectures, intelligent tutoring systems, and interactive information retrieval systems. Software systems for mixed-initiative interaction must enable us to both operationalize the mixing of initiative (i.e., support the creation of practical dialogs) and to reason in real-time about how a flexible mode of interaction can be supported (e.g., from a meta-dialog standpoint). In this paper, we present the staging transformation approach to mixing initiative, where a dialog script captures the structure of the dialog and dialog control processes are realized through generous use of program transformation techniques (e.g., partial …

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Personalizing Interactions With Information Systems, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan Jan 2003

Personalizing Interactions With Information Systems, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Personalization constitutes the mechanisms and technologies necessary to customize information access to the end-user. It can be defined as the automatic adjustment of information content, structure, and presentation tailored to the individual. In this chapter, we study personalization from the viewpoint of personalizing interaction. The survey covers mechanisms for information-finding on the web, advanced information retrieval systems, dialog-based applications, and mobile access paradigms. Specific emphasis is placed on studying how users interact with an information system and how the system can encourage and foster interaction. This helps bring out the role of the personalization system as a facilitator which reconciles …

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A Linux-Based Graphical User Interface For The Creation And Reading Of The Frame Format: Version 2.4, Muhammed Aoun Jan 2003

A Linux-Based Graphical User Interface For The Creation And Reading Of The Frame Format: Version 2.4, Muhammed Aoun

Theses : Honours

To gain further knowledge of how the universe began, a new international co-operated project wishes not only to "see" stars exploding, but also to "hear" the explosion. It is theorised that the ability to "listen" to an explosion is possible by detecting gravitational waves. Gravitational waves are omitted when a star explodes, travelling through the cosmos at an exceptional speed. It is estimated that a gravity wave takes only 40 milliseconds to pass through the earth. Thus the aim of this international collaboration is to detect a gravitational wave. To accurately detect such waves, there needs to be several global …

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Interactive Multimedia In The Teaching Of The Irish Language In Primary School : Design, Implementation And Development., Máire Lynch Jan 2003

Interactive Multimedia In The Teaching Of The Irish Language In Primary School : Design, Implementation And Development., Máire Lynch

Theses

This thesis focuses on interactive multimedia use specifically in the area of vocabulary acquisition in a second language. It addresses the language learning requirements of third class (nine year olds) language learners, in Primary school. The study is based on existing second language acquisition research, computer - assisted language learning and the design and development of educational multimedia and it delivers an interactive application based on them. The study is firmly rooted in the foundations of the Revised Curriculum for Irish Primary Schools most especially in the language teaching methods it recommends and its emphasis on the use of information …

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Crafting A Research Paper, Ronan Fitzpatrick, Kevin O'Donnell Jan 2003

Crafting A Research Paper, Ronan Fitzpatrick, Kevin O'Donnell

Conference papers

Writing research papers presents numerous different challenges, which vary from how to layout the various pages and format the text to what to include in the different sections that make up the paper. In order to clarify these issues this paper sets out guidelines and best practice approaches and demonstrates their use in the style of this paper.

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Analyzing Erp Implementation At A Public University Using The Innovation Strategy Model, Keng Siau, J. Messersmith Jan 2003

Analyzing Erp Implementation At A Public University Using The Innovation Strategy Model, Keng Siau, J. Messersmith

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems have revolutionized the way companies are using information technology in their businesses. ERP was created in an effort to streamline business processes and has proven to be successful in many operations. Unfortunately, not all ERP implementations have met expectations. One way that businesses may be able to increase success rates is to embrace creativity and innovation in their ERP implementations. For businesses to do this, they must first understand how creativity originates and how that creativity can be integrated into business solutions. This article presents a case study that examines the ERP implementation at a …

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On Clustering And Retrieval Of Video Shots Through Temporal Slices Analysis, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong, Hong-Jiang Zhang Dec 2002

On Clustering And Retrieval Of Video Shots Through Temporal Slices Analysis, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong, Hong-Jiang Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Based on the analysis of temporal slices, we propose novel approaches for clustering and retrieval of video shots. Temporal slices are a set of two-dimensional (2-D) images extracted along the time dimension of an image volume. They encode rich set of visual patterns for similarity measure. In this paper, we first demonstrate that tensor histogram features extracted from temporal slices are suitable for motion retrieval. Subsequently, we integrate both tensor and color histograms for constructing a two-level hierarchical clustering structure. Each cluster in the top level contains shots with similar color while each cluster in bottom level consists of shots …

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Motion Retrieval By Temporal Slices Analysis, Chong-Wah Ngo, Chong-Wah Ngo, Hong-Jiang Zhang Dec 2002

Motion Retrieval By Temporal Slices Analysis, Chong-Wah Ngo, Chong-Wah Ngo, Hong-Jiang Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this papel; we investigate video shots retrieval based on the analysis of temporal slice images. Temporal slices are a set of2D images extracted along the time dimension of image sequences. They encode rich set of motion clues for shot similarity measure. Because motion is depicted as texture orientation in temporal slices, we utilize various texture features such as tensor histogram, Gabor feature, and the statistical feature of co-occurrence matrix extracted directly from slices for motion description and retrieval. In this way, motion retrieval can be treated in a similar way as texture retrieval problem. Experimental results indicate that the …

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Motion-Based Video Representation For Scene Change Detection, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong, Hong-Jiang Zhang Nov 2002

Motion-Based Video Representation For Scene Change Detection, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong, Hong-Jiang Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we present a new framework to automatically group similar shots into one scene, where a scene is generally referred to as a group of shots taken place in the same site. Two major components in this framework are based on the motion characterization and background segmentation. The former component leads to an effective video representation scheme by adaptively selecting and forming keyframes. The later is considered novel in that background reconstruction is incorporated into the detection of scene change. These two components, combined with the color histogram intersection, establish our basic concept on assessing the similarity of …

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Trends. War On Personality And Personality And War: Comments On Nass And Lee (2002), Ibpp Editor Sep 2002

Trends. War On Personality And Personality And War: Comments On Nass And Lee (2002), Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This Trends article discusses another article – Identity and deconstruction, by Clifford Nass and Kwan Min Yee – published in volume 3 (2002) of Archives of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy in which the authors demonstrate that people reliably attribute personality characteristics to computer-synthesized speech, exploring the ramifications in a political psychological context.

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Safe Robot Driving, Chuck Thorpe, Romuald Aufrere, Justin David Carlson, David Duggins, Terrence W. Fong, Jay Gowdy, John Kozar, Robert Maclachlan, Colin Mccabe, Christoph Mertz, Arne Suppe, Chieh Chih Wang, Teruko Yata Sep 2002

Safe Robot Driving, Chuck Thorpe, Romuald Aufrere, Justin David Carlson, David Duggins, Terrence W. Fong, Jay Gowdy, John Kozar, Robert Maclachlan, Colin Mccabe, Christoph Mertz, Arne Suppe, Chieh Chih Wang, Teruko Yata

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The Navlab group at Carnegie Mellon University has a long history of development of automated vehicles and intelligent systems for driver assistance. The earlier work of the group concentrated on road following, cross-country driving, and obstacle detection. The new focus is on short-range sensing, to look all around the vehicle for safe driving. The current system uses video sensing, laser rangefinders, a novel light-stripe rangefinder, software to process each sensor individually, and a map-based fusion system. The complete system has been demonstrated on the Navlab 11 vehicle for monitoring the environment of a vehicle driving through a cluttered urban environment, …

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Detection Of Slide Transition For Topic Indexing, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong, Thomas S. Huang Aug 2002

Detection Of Slide Transition For Topic Indexing, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong, Thomas S. Huang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper presents an automatic and novel approach in detecting the transitions of slides for video sequences of technical lectures. Our approach adopts a foreground vs background segmentation algorithm to separate a presenter from the projected electronic slides. Once a background template is generated, text captions are detected and analyzed. The segmented caption regions as well as background templates together provide salient visual cues to decide whether a slide is flipped and replaced. The partitioning of videos according to slide changes not only structure the content of video according to topics, but also facilitate the synchronization of video, audio and …

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Hci Research Issues In Electronic Commerce, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Sid Davis Aug 2002

Hci Research Issues In Electronic Commerce, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Sid Davis

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This article outlines a number of important research issues in human-computer interaction in the e-commerce environment. It highlights some of the challenges faced by users in browsing Web sites and conducting searches for information, and suggests several areas of research for promoting ease of navigation and search. Also, it discusses the importance of trust in the online environment, describing some of the antecedents and consequences of trust, and provides guidelines for integrating trust into Web site design. The issues discussed in this article are presented under three broad categories of human-computer interaction – Web usability, interface design, and trust – …

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Design And Implementation Of An Online Database Panel, Frenny Thomas Jul 2002

Design And Implementation Of An Online Database Panel, Frenny Thomas

Theses and Dissertations

There is a growing need for administrative panels such as the one described in this project. More and more website administrators wish to make changes to their online business without having to directly modify the database file. This project provides the perfect solution for this scenario by placing all database access on the World Wide Web. Administrators can now use this software to add, edit, and delete tables, fields, and records. Additionally, users will be able to generate queries without knowledge of Structured Query Language. This project acts as a summary of my computer science education at this university by …

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Factors Influencing Adoption Of Mobile Computing, Wenli Zhu, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Fan Zhao May 2002

Factors Influencing Adoption Of Mobile Computing, Wenli Zhu, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Fan Zhao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The emergence of mobile computing combined with the increased popularity of the Internet is changing our daily lives. The increasing use of small portable computers, wireless networks and satellites un folds the new technology of mobile computing, which allows transmis sion of data to computers that are not physically linked to a network. As a result, people can communicate on the move. Mobile devices with new input and output methods and form factors are dramatically different from traditional desktop computers (Rodden et al., 1998). These technological changes make increasing demands on both the quality of user interface and the functionality …

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Association Of 3d Visualization With Discrete Event Simulation, Krishna Chaitanya Kunam Apr 2002

Association Of 3d Visualization With Discrete Event Simulation, Krishna Chaitanya Kunam

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Three-dimensional visualization provides simulation users with imagery that is closely related to their direct human experience. 3D visualization of simulations therefore has several advantages: it assists the developer in verifying and debugging the simulation; it often aids the analyst in gaining a better understanding of system performance; and it is especially important in explaining simulation results to the customer. This work presents a method of associating 3D visualizations to discrete event simulations for process simulations. A software system called 3DGen is developed that automates the process of generating a 3D visualization for a discrete event simulation. The 3DGen system is …

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An Interactive Decision Support System For Scheduling Fighter Pilot Training, Cuong T. Nguyen Mar 2002

An Interactive Decision Support System For Scheduling Fighter Pilot Training, Cuong T. Nguyen

Theses and Dissertations

The U.S. Air Force is developing Modular Aircraft Support System (MASS) program to replace the current Aerospace Ground Equipment (AGE). AGE supplies electricity, nitrogen, hydraulics and other support equipment to maintenance activities at the flight line. Current AGE makes up one-third of the deployment footprint. AGE is also mostly aircraft specific, and has reliability problems. The MASS alternative focuses on modularity based on a plug-and-play approach. The technological improvements and possible reduction in the footprint make MASS a good alternative. The AF has to determine now, whether MASS can supply similar functionality and decrease the deployment footprint to theater, while …

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Portable High-Performance Indexing For Vector Product Format Spatial Databases, Engin Colak Mar 2002

Portable High-Performance Indexing For Vector Product Format Spatial Databases, Engin Colak

Theses and Dissertations

Geo-spatial databases have an overall performance problem because of their complexity and large size. For this reason, many researchers seek new ways to improve the overall performance of geo-spatial databases. Typically, these research efforts are focused on complex indexing structures and query processing methods to capture the relationships between the individual features of fully-functional geo-spatial databases. Visualization applications, such as combat simulators and mission planning tools, suffer from the general performance problems associated with geo-spatial databases. This research focuses on building a high-performance geo-spatial database for visualization applications. The main approach is to simplify the complex data model and to …

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A Method For The Perceptual Optimization Of Complex Visualizations, Donald H. House, Colin Ware Jan 2002

A Method For The Perceptual Optimization Of Complex Visualizations, Donald H. House, Colin Ware

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

A common problem in visualization applications is the display of one surface overlying another. Unfortunately, it is extremely difficult to do this clearly and effectively. Stereoscopic viewing can help, but in order for us to be able to see both surfaces simultaneously, they must be textured, and the top surface must be made partially transparent. There is also abundant evidence that all textures are not equal in helping to reveal surface shape, but there are no general guidelines describing the best set of textures to be used in this way. What makes the problem difficult to perceptually optimize is that …

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My Library At Virginia Commonwealth University: Third Year Evaluation, Jimmy Ghaphery Jan 2002

My Library At Virginia Commonwealth University: Third Year Evaluation, Jimmy Ghaphery

VCU Libraries Faculty and Staff Publications

My Library is a personalization tool that allows the library user to consolidate frequently used library resources and services. Since 1998, My Library has been available as a web page to users of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries. An evaluation of My Library use at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) was completed and published in 2000. This article reports on a follow up study that took place between March 2000 and December 2001. The article also discusses the value of My Library as a teaching tool at VCU.

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