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Full-Text Articles in Graphics and Human Computer Interfaces

Deep Learning-Based Breast Cancer Detection And Classification Using Histopathology Images, Ghulam Murtaza Feb 2021

Deep Learning-Based Breast Cancer Detection And Classification Using Histopathology Images, Ghulam Murtaza

Student Works (2020-2029)

Cancer disease is drastically increasing worldwide over the past few years. Among all types of cancers in women, breast cancer (BrC) is the main cause of abnormal deaths. For a confident diagnosis of BrC, histopathology (Hp) images are usually suggested by the doctors. BrC detection is a diagnostic test for benign (non-cancerous) and malignant (cancerous) breast tumors (BrT). Once the BrT is diagnosed, then it needs to be classified for subtypes of benign and malignant to start specific treatment. Several studies developed BrC detection and classification models using Hp images. However, the existing models required high computational resources, long training …


Three-Dimensional (3d) Reconstruction Of Computer Tomography Cardiac Images Using Visualization Toolkit (Vtk), Mohammad Zahid Zamaludin Jan 2021

Three-Dimensional (3d) Reconstruction Of Computer Tomography Cardiac Images Using Visualization Toolkit (Vtk), Mohammad Zahid Zamaludin

Student Works (2020-2029)

Cardiac study proves to be important to diagnose and treat cardiovascular disease that accounts for 20% of death in the world. Three-dimensional (3D) images of the heart are important to understand its real structure, functions and physical abnormalities occurring in the tissue. The objective of this paper is to reconstruct 3D images from 2D CT Scan slices of the cardiac region of interest using Visualisation Toolkit (VTK). The Visualization Toolkit (VTK) is non-propriety software with state-of-the-art tools for 3D rendering that is easily customizable programming. 3D images are reconstructed using surface rendering technique and volume rendering technique. Volume rendering shows …


Fractal And Edge-Based Techniques For Kidney Enhancement And Segmentation On Magnetic Resonance Images (Mri), Alaá Rateb Mahmoud Al-Shamasneh Dec 2020

Fractal And Edge-Based Techniques For Kidney Enhancement And Segmentation On Magnetic Resonance Images (Mri), Alaá Rateb Mahmoud Al-Shamasneh

Student Works (2020-2029)

Recently, many rapid developments in digital medical imaging have made further contributions to healthcare systems. However, the segmentation of regions of interest in medical images plays a vital role in assisting doctors in their medical diagnoses and for the early detection of disease. Since health issues related to the kidneys are increasing exponentially, this thesis focused on developing methods for the segmentation of MRI images of the kidney. Kidney images frequently suffer from low contrast, low resolution and noise, and are blur. Hence, it is necessary to enhance the images in order to improve the segmentation. Therefore, the current thesis …


Energy-Efficient Communications In Wireless Powered Cognitive Radio Networks Based On Game Theory, Fadhil Mukhlif Aswad Al-Obaidy Nov 2020

Energy-Efficient Communications In Wireless Powered Cognitive Radio Networks Based On Game Theory, Fadhil Mukhlif Aswad Al-Obaidy

Student Works (2020-2029)

There are challenging and prevalent problems related to spectrum resources with the interference of battery-based devices in future wireless networks. To address such challenges, this thesis proposes a theoretical framework for designing and analyzing the distributed power control algorithms in modern 5G cognitive networks. Previous experiments have shown that game theory tools can be used as a suitable and efficient technique to build scalable, balanced, and energy efficient for the distributed power control schemes in order to use it practically in battery-based devices in wireless networks. In reality, the power control issue is constructed as a non-cooperative game for which …


Three-Dimensional (3d) Reconstruction Of Ultrasound Foetal Images Using Visualisation Toolkit (Vtk), Henry Dusim Grace Anabela Aug 2020

Three-Dimensional (3d) Reconstruction Of Ultrasound Foetal Images Using Visualisation Toolkit (Vtk), Henry Dusim Grace Anabela

Student Works (2020-2029)

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound images has been used for easier analysing of anatomy related to abnormalities. 3D image reconstruction is required as it helps doctors interpret results and assess any defects quickly. Not only does it improve the accuracy of diagnosis, but it also saves a lot of time. In this thesis, 295 slices of 2D ultrasound images of a foetal are used to do 3D reconstruction using surface rendering, volume rendering, and multiplanar rendering technique. A similar software known as 3D Slicer is also used to reconstruct the ultrasound image for comparison purpose. VTK can easily …


An Improved Bone Age Assessment Using Advanced Image Processing And Deep Learning Approach, Kim Meng Liang Jul 2020

An Improved Bone Age Assessment Using Advanced Image Processing And Deep Learning Approach, Kim Meng Liang

Student Works (2020-2029)

Pediatricians often apply bone age assessment to measure the skeletal maturity of children and to predict the future height. These discrepancies are good indicators for diagnosing growth disorders. Normally, left hand skeletal is employed in this assessment. The low quality of ossification sites of carpals deteriorates the pediatrician’s visibility in inspecting the pertinent radiographic manifestations. This in turn affects the bone age assessment. Therefore, we have to enhance the quality before assessing them. Histogram equalization is one of the contrast enhancement techniques that suit this type of enhancement. Existing histogram equalizations, however, are confronting with problems in preserving the brightness …


A Process Model For Designing Performance Dashboard Using Visualization Techniques, Bahar Muhammad Nasim Jul 2020

A Process Model For Designing Performance Dashboard Using Visualization Techniques, Bahar Muhammad Nasim

Student Works (2020-2029)

Data visualization is the presentation of data in a pictorial or graphical format. It enables decision-makers to see data analysis presented visually, so they can observe difficult concepts or identify new patterns. With interactive visualization, we can take the concept a step further by using technology to drill down into charts and graphs for more detail, interactively changing what data see and how it is processed. With the help of data visualization, it is expected to promote creative data exploration. A performance dashboard is one of the most common use cases for data visualization, and it enables decision-makers such as …


Unsupervised Monocular Depth Estimation With Multi-Scale Structural Similarity Powered Loss Function, Kohan Ali Jul 2020

Unsupervised Monocular Depth Estimation With Multi-Scale Structural Similarity Powered Loss Function, Kohan Ali

Student Works (2020-2029)

Depth Estimation refers to a set of techniques and algorithms that aim to obtain a representation of spatial information of a scene. Nowadays specific hardware such as sensors, radars and multiple-view-recording cameras are being used in order to acquire depth data of a scene. Modern approaches use deep learning to address this task by trying to learn depth information in a supervised manner. However, this approach requires a large amount ground-truth data for a particular scene so that a model can be trained successfully. Also preparing ground-truth data for a range of environments is a challenging and expensive task to …


Design Of Personalised M-Learning Curriculum Implementation Model For Diploma In Hospitality Management, Ramalingam R Moganadass Jun 2020

Design Of Personalised M-Learning Curriculum Implementation Model For Diploma In Hospitality Management, Ramalingam R Moganadass

Student Works (2020-2029)

Personalised m-learning allows learner to create learning experience around his mobile devices by tailoring learning materials according to his demand. This could be possible by incorporating personalised m-learning into formal education to assist students to fulfil their learning needs and learning outcomes. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a personalised m-learning curriculum implementation model for students enrolled in Food and Beverage Service course in their diploma in hospitality programme. This study employed the Design and Development Research (DDR) approach. The Needs Analysis phases is the first phase which aimed to investigate problems and justifications for developing the personalised m-learning …


Vision And Sensor-Based Signer-Independent Framework For Arabic Sign Language Recognition, Al-Shamayleh Ahmad Sami Abd Alkareem Jun 2020

Vision And Sensor-Based Signer-Independent Framework For Arabic Sign Language Recognition, Al-Shamayleh Ahmad Sami Abd Alkareem

Student Works (2020-2029)

Hearing and speech-impairment disability is widespread throughout the world. At present, 15 million people have this disability in the Arab world, and about 86% of them come from low- and middle-income countries. Meanwhile, sign language (SL) can be classified into standard Arabic sign language (ArSL) and local Arabic sign language (LArSL). ArSL is the formal standard and is the more acceptable SL in the Arab world; it is also considered as the medium of instructions for schools and universities as well as television news, shows and programmes. With the absence of usable ArSL recognition (ArSLR) platforms, hearing- and speech-impaired people …


An Intra-Severity Classification And Adaptation Technique To Improve Dysarthric Speech Recognition Accuracy, Al-Qatab Bassam Ali Qasem Jan 2020

An Intra-Severity Classification And Adaptation Technique To Improve Dysarthric Speech Recognition Accuracy, Al-Qatab Bassam Ali Qasem

Student Works (2020-2029)

Dysarthria is a motor speech impairment at the neurological and/or muscular levels that caused difficulty in pronouncing words clearly. Automatic speech recognition (ASR) system is increasingly applied as assistive technology to aid an individual with physical disability particularly the speech impaired community such as dysarthria speakers. However, the development of an effective ASR system is hindered by the data sparsity, either in the coverage of the language or the size of the existing speech databases. The speaker adaptation (SA) technique is one of the solutions to overcome the data sparsity issue of ASR for dysarthric speakers. Our proposed method introduces …


Feature Extraction And Description For Retinal Fundus Image Registration, Ramli Roziana Jan 2020

Feature Extraction And Description For Retinal Fundus Image Registration, Ramli Roziana

Student Works (2020-2029)

Retinal fundus image registration (RIR) is performed to align two or more fundus images. A general framework of a feature-based RIR technique comprises of preprocessing, feature extraction, feature descriptor, matching and estimating geometrical transformation. The RIR is mainly performed for super-resolution, image mosaicking and longitudinal study applications to assist diagnosis and monitoring retinal diseases. Registering image pair from these applications involve a combination of challenges such as overlapping area and rotation between images. The challenges of the overlapping area and rotation can be addressed at feature extraction and feature descriptor stages of the feature-based RIR technique, respectively. To address the …


Sistem Buku Resipi Bermultimedia Smartcook, Mohd Amin Nor Aliza Jan 2002

Sistem Buku Resipi Bermultimedia Smartcook, Mohd Amin Nor Aliza

Student Works (2000-2009)

Sistem SmartCook adalah merupakan projektahun akhir bagi memenuhi keperluan dalam penganugerahan Ijazah Sarjana Muda di Fakulti Sains Komputer. Sistem SmartCook merupakan sistem yang berkonsepkan buku resipi bermultimedia. Di samping melaksanakan kursus latihan ilmiah, ia juga bertujuan dalam menerajui era pembangunan teknologi maklumat yang semakin pesat kini dan sama-sama bersaing dengan perisian yang wujud, namun banyak yang tidak memenuhi kehendak pengguna sepenuhnya seperti antaramuka yang kurang menarik dan sebagainya. SmartCook mempunyai kandungan koleksi berbagai resepi seperti masakan-masakan dari berbagai bangsa, aneka pembasuh mulut dan diselitkan juga koleksi petua berkaitan masakan. Semua maklumat di dalam sistem ini dimanipulasikan dalam interaktif multimedia yang …


Sistem Maklumat Penapis Air, Boon Piew Chew Jan 2002

Sistem Maklumat Penapis Air, Boon Piew Chew

Student Works (2000-2009)

Sistem Maklumat Penapis Air adalah satu sistem maklumat yang berkonsep multimedia dalam bentuk penyampaian maklumat secara maya (virtual) dan jelas dalam laman web. Versi sistem adalah dalam bahasa lnggeris. Maklumat penapis air yang disampaikan adalah penapis air yang berada di pasaran Malaysia. Sistem ini melibatkan enam modul iaitu maklumat am, perbandingan, pencarian, pengiklanan, gambaran maya dan email. Sistem Maklumat Penapis Air dibangunkan untuk mengeksplotasikan keunikan dan keistimewaan penapis air kepada para pengguna melalui unsur-unsur maklumat dan multimedia yang seimbang. Sistem ini mewujudkan suatu suasana maya supaya membolehkan para pengguna mendapat maklumat dan memahami stuktur komponen-komponen di dalam mengenai sesuatu penapis …


Lawatan Maya Ke Fakulti Sains Komputer Dan Teknologi Maklumat, Abu Bakar Siti Dina Jan 2002

Lawatan Maya Ke Fakulti Sains Komputer Dan Teknologi Maklumat, Abu Bakar Siti Dina

Student Works (2000-2009)

Sistem yang akan dibangunkan ini merupakan suatu laman web yang memuatkan Lawatan maya ke FSKTM. Laman web ini membawa pengguna melawat fakulti ini dan meninjau sendiri keadaan di fakulti. Pengguna juga boleh mendapatkan maklumat staf, bilik-bilik kuliah serta maklumat kawasan-kawasan yang dilawati. Di samping itu pengguna juga boleh mencapai laman web lain di dalam Universiti Malaya. Pembinaan sistem ini menggunakan perisian Swift 30 dan 3DMAX yang merupakan perisian grafik 3 dimensi yang masih baru dan mampu menarik pengguna dengan penghasilan teknik animasi yang baik. Sistem lawatan maya ini lebih kepada konsep multimedia interaktif yang mana penggunaan konsep ini sesuai dengan …


Sistem Penjanaan Soal Selidik Secara Atas Talian (Spssat), Mohamed Yahya Nurul Laili Jan 2002

Sistem Penjanaan Soal Selidik Secara Atas Talian (Spssat), Mohamed Yahya Nurul Laili

Student Works (2000-2009)

Sistem Penjanaan Soal Selidik Secara Atas Talian (SPSSAT) ini adalah satu sistem aplikasi yang dapat menjanakan sebarang format dan bentuk soal selidik secara automatik dengan pengoperasiannya dijalankan secara atas talian. Sistem ini juga dapat menjadi satu sistem pemprosesan data dan pengurusan dokumen. Tujuan SPSSAT ini direkabentuk adalah untuk memberikan kemudahan kepada pengguna, penyelidik dan sebarang organisasi tertentu untuk menjalankan aktiviti yang berkaitan dengan soal selidik. Sistem ini berobjektifkan supaya dapat menjadi satu tapak I platform untuk memudahkan pengguna untuk menghasilkan soal selidik secara atas talian. Ia turut membenarkan pengguna untuk merekabentuk pelbagai pilihan format dan bentuk soal selidik yang dapat …


Sistem Map Interaktif-Universiti Malaya, Abdul Rahman Mohammad Ghazali Jan 2002

Sistem Map Interaktif-Universiti Malaya, Abdul Rahman Mohammad Ghazali

Student Works (2000-2009)

Proses pembangunan Sistem Maklumat Berasaskan Komputer telah berubah sejak 20 tahun yang lepas, Peningkatan yang dramatik dalam teknologi perkakasan iaitu dari segi memperbaiki kemampuan dan mengurangkan kos telah diperhebatkan dan meningkatkan keperluan untuk memperbaiki proses pembangunan sistem maklumat. Sistem Map Interaktif yang dibangunkan adalah sistem komputer yang mampu untuk memberi panduan dan maklumat dan dapat dipersembahkan dalam bentuk yang padat serta ringkas. Oleh itu, saya bercadang untuk membangunkan Sistem Map Interaktif dan pengkhususan saya adalah Universiti Malaya (Selatan). Sistem Map Interaktif yang akan dibangunkan ini adalah ditujukan kepada para pelawat serta mahasiswa/i di universiti dan khasnya untuk pelajar tahun pertama …


Network Monopoly, Kean Yeap Tan Jan 2002

Network Monopoly, Kean Yeap Tan

Student Works (2000-2009)

The number of computers in use worldwide, according to the International Data Corporation, is in excss of 100 milion. Moreover, because of the expanding memory anda processing power of these computers, users can put the machine to work on new kinds of applications and functions. Accordingly, the pressure from the users of these systems for ways to communicate among all these machines is irresistible. The demand for connectivity is manifested in many areas. one such area is about the creation of dynamic network entertainment. Multiple-party gaming is a fascinating and multifaced topic to beresearched on. This thesis steps towards developing …


Web-Based Counselling System, Supramaniam Suvarna Jan 2002

Web-Based Counselling System, Supramaniam Suvarna

Student Works (2000-2009)

Web counselling has brought us in a new virtual world of communication and solving problems together. Computer counseling has already evolved before the web has taken its roots. Initially it was more on programs which counsels and acts like educators. When the web evolved, online counselling was introduced where there were many mediums fro communication and counselling available. More people, who know the web, started experimenting on this medium for communication and counselling. Now, since most people who log on the web were there for communication like e-mail, chat and forum rather than finding information, e-mail servers like hotmail and …


Lecturing Materials Generating Tools (Lmagtool): Tools To Support Notes Generating Task, Yong Sein Law Jan 2002

Lecturing Materials Generating Tools (Lmagtool): Tools To Support Notes Generating Task, Yong Sein Law

Student Works (2000-2009)

Education is always a concern of everyone, especially educator like teachers, lecturers and tutors. To ensure their students learn more efficiently, they need a set of good teaching materials. Learning Material Generating Tool (LMaGTool) is a tool that provides various features to help them produce better teaching materials in shorter time. This tool is designed to operate under Microsoft Office applications environment, which is their familiar environment. Teaching programming language is more efficient with materials generated by LMaGTool. Codes can be displayed highlighted, and focused block-by-block, line-byline or word-by-word. A code simulator will help student to understand the code execution …


Pangkalan Data Perintah-Perintah Am Dan Pekeliling Kementerian Pendidikan, Kok Foong Chen Jan 2002

Pangkalan Data Perintah-Perintah Am Dan Pekeliling Kementerian Pendidikan, Kok Foong Chen

Student Works (2000-2009)

Ministry of Education Malaysia's Web Based Circular Information System (MOE's WBCIS) ajms to enhance the level of searching and_ retrieval of government docunents by providing an effective and faster way of locating circulars on education. In an effort to achieve Vision 2020~ MOE's WBCIS takes the initiative from the implementation of to upgrade the quality of document delivery in and efficient and effective manner. The objectives of MO E's WBCIS, among others, are to help the MOE staffs to manage the circular system easily and fast The system provides an interactive and effective search engine that enables users to search …


Creative Wizard On Web, A. Wahab Wahiza Jan 2002

Creative Wizard On Web, A. Wahab Wahiza

Student Works (2000-2009)

Creative Wizard on Web is web site that offer printable and also send via e-mail birthday card. The main idea of this project is to let user make the card themselves, which user is given a blank worksheet and it’s up their creative and imaginative mind to create a birthday card using any images and sentiments provided. The options, either they can start creating the card from scratch or can just select any template they desired. There are few advantages that are crucial to ensure the success of this kind of web site. Most importantly, user can reduce the cost …


Interactive Multimedia Learning Arithmetic And Iq, Kesavan Raja Gopal Jan 2002

Interactive Multimedia Learning Arithmetic And Iq, Kesavan Raja Gopal

Student Works (2000-2009)

One of the most rapidly changing and exiting areas of education today is the development of computer based learning materials, especially interactive multimedia program that run on personal computer. These new technologies offer children, student and other people access to materials as never before Through the condensed storage capabilities of computer, multimedia can deliver large amount of information in the ways that make it manageable, approachable and useful. And by making it possible to access illustration and photographs, sound and video, as well as large amount of text, interactive multimedia program present learning arithmetic and IQ test to children in …


Smart Board Chat System, Chye Ong David Gan Jan 2002

Smart Board Chat System, Chye Ong David Gan

Student Works (2000-2009)

People need to connect with other people and business processes to get their work done. Much like the step between the telegraph to the telephone, the step to Internet technology connects people with a richer flow of information. Collaboration can bring people all over the world together with more efficient use of time and at lower cost, by eliminating the need to travel. The emergence and wide-spread adoption of the World Wide Web (WWW) offers a great deal of potential for the developers of collaborative technologies, both as an enabling infrastructure and a platform for integration with existing end-user environments. …


Kiosk Pintar Haji Dan Umrah, Othman Nor Azlina Jan 2002

Kiosk Pintar Haji Dan Umrah, Othman Nor Azlina

Student Works (2000-2009)

Perkataan kiosk web dan kiosk multimedia mungkin sudah biasa didengari bagi mereka yang sering mengikuti perkembangan tekno1ogi. Wa1au pun kiosk-kiosk tersebut direkabentuk supaya ianya menepati spesifikasi terkini, namun ia tetap dikenali sebagai kiosk biasa kerana kebolehannya hanya terhad untuk memberikan maklumat kepada pengguna. Justeru itu, sejenis lagi kiosk yang menggunakan pendekatan kepintaran buatan bakal diperkenalkan dan ianya diaplikasikan di dalam perlaksanaan ibadat haji dan umrah bagi umat Islam. Bersesuaian dengan pendekatan yang digunakan, sistem ini dinamakan Kiosk Pintar Haji dan Umrah. Kiosk ini menggunakan konsep Case-based Reasoning dan memuatkan pengetahuan yang diwakilkan oleh kes-kes ke dalam sistemnya. Konsep Casebased Reasoning …


Online Chatting System For Online Community System, Boon Hong Lim Jan 2002

Online Chatting System For Online Community System, Boon Hong Lim

Student Works (2000-2009)

Online Community is a web application that provides a complete and efficient communication environment for the online user. Any online user can create a community to connect a group of online users. Therefore, online user can create a private area to share their information and knowledge with other online user in the secure environment. Online community can be divided into 3 main modules Online Information System, Administration System and Online Chatting System. This project is focus on the on the Online Chatting System. Online Chatting System is a java Chat application that based on the Online Community. The main purpose …


Sistem Maklumat Kenderaan Universiti Malaya (Simkum), Idris Kamariah Jan 2002

Sistem Maklumat Kenderaan Universiti Malaya (Simkum), Idris Kamariah

Student Works (2000-2009)

Proses pembangunan Sistem Maklumat Berasaskan Komputer telah berubah sejak 20 tahun yang lepas. Peningkatan yang dramatik dalam teknologi perkakasan iaitu dari segi memperbaiki kemampuan dan mengurangkan kos telah memperhebatkan dan meninggikan keperluan untuk memperbaiki proses. Oleh itu, saya mencadangkan untuk membangunkan Sistem Maklumat Kenderaan Universiti Malaya (SIMKUM). Sistem ini merupakan satu sistem baru yang akan mempercepatkan dan memudahkan pengurusan maklumat dan pendaftaran kenderaan di Universiti Malaya. Sistem ini juga dibangunkan untuk menggantikan sistem pengurusan lama di mana sistem yang sedia ada sekarang adalah secara manual. Di dalam sistem ini terdapat ciri-ciri menarik yang ditawarkan. Antaranya ialah kemudahan pendaftaran, keselamatan, penyemakan …


Sistem Multimedia Bedtime Stories, Mohd Zain Nittihirawati Jan 2002

Sistem Multimedia Bedtime Stories, Mohd Zain Nittihirawati

Student Works (2000-2009)

Sistem multimedia bedtime stories merupakan satu sistem interaktif yang dibangunkan untuk menarik minat kanak-kanak untuk membaca sambil berhibur. Sistem ini dibangunkan untuk menghasilkan satu pendekatan yang lebih praktikal dalam memupuk semangat membaca di kalangan kanak-kanak melalui kombinasi elemen-elemen multimedia yang digunakan. Selain itu, kekurangan pakej ini khususnya dalam pembacaan cerita di pasaran merupakan antara faktor sistem ini dibangunkan. Sistem ini diharap dapat memenuhi kekurangan yang terdapat dalam sistem yang sedia ada dan meningkatkan lagi semangat kanak-kanak untuk membaca dalam persekitaran yang lebih interaktif.


Siri Indeks Al-Quran Surah Al-Ikhlaas, Mohd. Zain Ammar Jan 2002

Siri Indeks Al-Quran Surah Al-Ikhlaas, Mohd. Zain Ammar

Student Works (2000-2009)

Kemajuan teknologi kini yang semakin berkembang pesat mula mendapat perhatian oleh masyarakat terutama dalam penggunaan komputer. Kini ia telah menjadi satu keperluan dalam membantu menyelesaikan masalah-masalah yang kompleks dan juga keperluannya dalam bidang pendidikan sebagai alat tambahan dalam membantu proses pembelajaran. Pakej perisian Siri lndeks AI-Quran merupakan satu aplikasi yang dibangunkan untuk menyebarkan maklumat tentang kitab suci AI-Quran dengan memberi fokus terhadap pencarian makna kalimat-kalimat AI-Quran secara elektronik. Ia mempunyai ciri-ciri sebuah aplikasi e-pembelajaran dengan memuatkan elemen-elemen multimedia seperti teks, audio, grafik dan animasi. lni dapat membantu proses pembelajaran menjadi lebih berkesan dan menarik. Pencarian maklumat dan pembelajaran secara tradisional …


Pakej Pembelajaran Selangkah Ke Dunia Abjad (Seda), Mohamed Kasah Liana Jan 2002

Pakej Pembelajaran Selangkah Ke Dunia Abjad (Seda), Mohamed Kasah Liana

Student Works (2000-2009)

Perkembangan teknologi komputer kini dilihat begitu pesat sekali hinggakan tiada tanda-tanda yang ia akan reda atau berhenti untuk seketika. Berbagai gambaran diberi mengenai rekabentuk dan keupayaan komputer pada masa hadapan. Malaysia tidak ketinggalan dalam menikmati arus pembangunan yang berasaskan komputer ini. Berikutan perkembangan ini maka timbullah idea untuk membangunkan suatu sistem pembelajaran berpakej yang menerapkan pelbagai unsur multimediaa berinteraktif. Pakej yang diberi nama "Pakej SEDA" memberikan pengenalan asas abjad-abjad untuk kanak-kanak usia 3 hinggalah 6 tahun, malah sesuai juga digunakan untuk kanak-kanak berusia kurang daripada lingkungan umur diatas. Alternatif kepada guru-guru di sekolah dalam mempelbagaikan kaedah mengajar kerana peranannya yang …