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Department Of Veterinary And Biomedical Sciences: 2001 Annual Report, John A. Schmitz

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Information and History

Twenty Departmental students completed their Bachelor of Science in Agricultural Science degrees in 2001, nineteen in the Veterinary Science Major and one in the Veterinary Technologist Major. Twenty-five Nebraska residents were admitted into the College of Veterinary Medicine at Kansas State University, twelve of them having completed all or part of their pre-veterinary studies at UNL. Seven students completed their Master of Science degree in Veterinary Science. Enrollment in the Distance Education MS in Veterinary Science Master of Science, Distance Education Program increased to seven students, with several applications still being processed or expected. Three new Distance Education courses were …

Bovine Tuberculosis In Free-Ranging Carnivores From Michigan, Colleen S. Bruning-Fann, Stephen M. Schmitt, Scott D. Fitzgerald, Jean S. Fierke, Paul D. Friedrich, John B. Kaneene, Kathy A. Clarke, Kelly L. Butler, Janet B. Payeur, Diana L. Whipple, Thomas M. Cooley, Janice M. Miller, Darian P. Muzo

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

During a survey of carnivores and omnivores for bovine tuberculosis conducted in Michigan (USA) since 1996, Mycobacterium bovis was cultured from lymph nodes pooled from six coyotes (Canis latrans) (four adult female, two adult male), two adult male raccoons (Procyon lotor), one adult male red fox (Vulpes vulpes), and one 1.5-yr-old male black bear (Ursus americanus). One adult, male bobcat (Felis rufus) with histologic lesions suggestive of tuberculosis was negative on culture but positive for organisms belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex when tested by polymerase chain reaction. All the …

Bulletin 4474 - Exotic Diseases - Horses, Agriculture Western Australia

Bulletins 4000 -

An exotic disease is a disease that is not present in Australia.

If an exotic disease did occur in Australia it would cause production losses, stock deaths and stop exports of primary production. When export markets are lost they can only be re-established once it is proven the disease is eradicated.

Re-Thinking The Summer Drenching Program, Brown Besier

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The summer drenching program has provided highly effective sheep worm control in Western Australia for many years - but recent research challenges its long term sustainability.

Trial results suggest that in large parts of the State, summer drenching is the main factor leading to the development of drench resistant worms. Alternative programs less likely to lead to drench resistance will require greater monitoring of worm burdens and panning pasture moves.

Molecular Cloning Of An \Alpha-Amylase Gene From Bacillus Subtilis Rskk246 And Its Expression In Escherichia Coli And In Bacillus Subtilis, Numan Özcan, Adem Altinalan, Mehmet Sai̇t Eki̇nci̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Bacillus subtilis RSKK246 was found to produce approximately a 65-kDa \alpha-amylase enzyme. A gene was isolated encoding \alpha-amylase activity that corresponded to this size and was inserted into pUC18 plasmid which was transferred to Escherichia coli. An approximately 1.7kbp fragment, which contains a whole \alpha-amylase gene, was excised and inserted into pUB110 and then transferred into the different B. subtilis strains including RSKK246, RSKK243, RSKK244, YB886 and ORBAM. The a-amylase gene was cloned into the plasmids and expressed with its own promoter, and this promoter sequence seemed to function in the E. coli and in all B. subtilis strains. Specific …

Clenbuterol In The Horse: Confirmation And Quantitation Of Serum Clenbuterol By Lc-Ms-Ms After Oral And Intratracheal Administration, A. F. Lehner, J Daniel Harkins, W. Karpiesiuk, W. E. Woods, N. E. Robinson, L. Dirikolu, M. Fisher, Thomas Tobin

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Clenbuterol is a β₂ agonist/antagonist bronchodilator, and its identification in post-race samples may lead to sanctions. The objective of this study was to develop a specific and highly sensitive serum quantitation method for clenbuterol that would allow effective regulatory control of this agent in horses. Therefore, clenbuterol-d₉ was synthesized for use as an internal standard, an automated solid-phase extraction method was developed, and both were used in conjunction with a multiple reaction monitoring liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) method to allow unequivocal identification and quantitation of clenbuterol in 2 mL of serum at concentrations as low as 10 …

Seroprevalance Of Babesia Ovis In Sheep In Malatya, Müni̇r Aktaş, Ali̇ Düzgün, Cahi̇t Babür

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out in Malatya and vicinity to determine the seroprevalance of Babesia ovis in sheep. A total of 220 sheep sera were tested against B. ovis using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). In addition, peripheral blood smears from these sheep were prepared and examined for B. ovis. The ELISA test showed that 55.9% of sheep were seropositive for B. ovis infection. The infection rate was 49.2% in sheep which were 1-12 months old and 59% in sheep which were older than one year. In the microscopic examination of blood smears, four out of 220 sheep were found …

A Study On The Fattening Performance Of Tushin Lambs Subjected To Intensive Feeding, Mevlüt Karaoğlu, Muhli̇s Maci̇t, Ayhan Aksoy

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Some characteristics related with the fattening performance of Tushin lambs reared in the Research and Application Farm of Ataturk University and subjected to intensive fattening were determined. The inital fattening weight, final fattening weight, and total and daily weight gain during the fattening period were 19.71 kg, 38.07 kg, 18.35 kg and 203.48 g respectively. The feed conversion ratio (kg feed consumed/kg live weight gain) was 5.01. The effect of year on final fattening weight, total weight gain and average daily weight gain was found to be significant (p

Some Microbiological, Chemical And Physical Characteristics Of Pastırma Marketed In Erzurum, Muhammet İrfan Aksu, Mükerrem Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, 48 pastırma samples collected from 6 different retailers were examined. It is concluded that lactic acid bacteria, Micrococcus and Staphylococcus were found to be dominant in the flora. From the microbiologic analyses, Micrococcus/Staphylococcus, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and mould counts were determined as 4.00-7.45 log CFU/g, 3.75-7.89 logCFU/g,

Diagnosis And Treatment Of Intussusception In A Cow, Murat Dabak, Emi̇ne Ünsaldi, Yusuf Gül

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

An 8-year-old cow admitted to the Veterinary Faculty, Internal Medicine Clinic (University of Fırat, Elazığ/TURKEY), was diagnosed with intussusception, and the diagnosis was confirmed by experimental laparotomy. Intussusception was corrected by enterectomy and intestinal anastomosis. Defecation on the day following the operation indicated normal intestinal flow. The animal was kept under observation for ten days after the operation, and had a full recovery.

The Determination Of Ensiled Qualities Of Corn, Alfalfa And Sugar Beet Pulp And The Effects On Food Intake And Nutrient Digestibility When Fed To Lambs In Different Forms, Pinar Tatli, İ. Hali̇l Çerçi̇, Fuat Gürdoğan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted in two stages to determine the ensiled qualities of corn, alfalfa and sugar beet pulp, and the effects on food intake and nutrient digestibility of corn and alfalfa silages used alone, together and with sugar beet pulp silage in lambs. In the first stage, corn, alfalfa and sugar beet pulp were ensiled and silos were opened after 45 days. Silage samples were taken for determination of silage quality and the samples were analysed. Dry matter (DM) levels of corn, alfalfa and sugar beet pulp silages were found to be 28.56 and 31.44, 16.74%, respectively. The pH, …

Seroprevalence Of Toxoplasmosis Gondii In Sheep In Yozgat, Turkey, Cahi̇t Babür, Berri̇n Esen, Gülay Vural

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The sera collected from 152 sheep older than one year old sheep in various parts of Yozgat Province were tested for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using the Sabin- Feldman dye test. Out of the 152 sera examined, 69 (45.4%) were seropositive at different dilutions (34 samples at 1/16, 21 at 1/64, 11 at 1/256 and 3 at 1/1024).

A Study On Direct And Indirect Effects Of Some Factors On Weaning Weight Of A Awassi Lambs, Mehmet Topal, Nuri̇ni̇sa Esenbuğa

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The correlation coefficients divided into direct and indirect effects among ewe weight in the mating period and lambing, birth weight and weaning age of lamb, and weaning weight of Awassi lambs raised in Erzurum conditions were determined in this study. In path analysis, the direct and indirect impact of birth weight and weaning age of lamb on weaning weight were found to be highly significant. Partial correlation and standardized partial regression coefficients among weaning weight, birth weight and weaning age of lamb were also observed to be highly significant.

Bovine Tuberculosis In Brushtail Possums (Trichosurus Vulpecula): Studies On Vaccination, Experimental Infection, And Disease Transmission, L. A. L. Corner

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

The objectives of the research program were to obtain a better understanding of BCG as a tuberculosis vaccine in possums, and assess its potential as a tool for controlling tuberculosis in wild possum populations. A series of vaccination and challenge experiments were conducted, as well as studies on alternative experimental infection procedures. The program included two field studies, one on the epidemiology of tuberculosis in a population of possums regenerating after localised possum eradication, and the other examined the efficacy of BCG vaccine in a wild population in which tuberculosis was endemic.

The first experiments confirmed the earlier published findings …

Movement Patterns And Behavior At Winter-Feeding And Fall Baiting Stations In A Population Of White-Tailed Deer Infected With Bovine Tuberculosis In The Northeastern Lower Peninsula Of Michigan, Mark Stephen Garner

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

In 1994 bovine tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis) was discovered in a single free ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in northeastern Michigan (Deer Management Unit 452 @MU 452)). By the end of the 2000 hunting season, 325+ deer within the DMU 452 had been detected with M. bovis and it was generally believed that the disease had radiated from a single focus of infection. However, the presence of three TB positive deer discovered in 1999 well outside of DMU 452 suggested that M. bovis may be endemic at extremely low levels in Michigan white-tailed deer.

The primary mode …

Tuberculin Skin Testing In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus), Mitchell V. Palmer, Diana L. Whipple, W. Ray Waters

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

The comparative cervical skin test for antemortem diagnosis of tuberculosis was done 169 times on 116 different white-tailed deer of known Mycobacterium bovis infection status. The sensitivity and specificity were 97 and 81%, respectively. The magnitude of change in skin thickness at test sites was not significantly influenced by dosage of inoculum, dissemination of the disease process, or repeated skin testing. However, the magnitude of change in skin thickness was significantly greater in deer infected for less than 109 days than in deer infected for more than 109 days. As used in the present study, the comparative cervical skin test …

Legionella Pneumophila Entry Gene Rtxa Is Involved In Virulence, Suat L. G. Cirillo, Luis E. Bermudez, Sahar H. El-Etr, Gerald Duhamel, Jeffrey D. Cirillo

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Successful parasitism of host cells by intracellular pathogens involves adherence, entry, survival, intracellular replication, and cell-to-cell spread. Our laboratory has been examining the role of early events, adherence and entry, in the pathogenesis of the facultative intracellular pathogen Legionella pneumophila. Currently, the mechanisms used by L. pneumophila to gain access to the intracellular environment are not well understood. We have recently isolated three loci, designated enh1, enh2, and enh3, that are involved in the ability of L. pneumophila to enter host cells. One of the genes present in the enh1 locus, rtxA, is homologous to repeats …

In Vitro Estimation Of The Solubility Of Dry Matter And Crude Protein Of Wet Feed And Dry, Sulhatti̇n Yaşar, John Mike Forbes

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Two experiments were conducted to determine the in vitro solubility of dry matter and crude protein of wet feed and dry feed of a commercial broiler diet. In the first experiment, to two g of feed samples of a commercial broiler pelleted diet was added 0-dry (80 g/kg water content) and 1.5 g water per g of feed (640 g/kg water content), and they were then incubated at one of two different levels of pepsin-HCl solutions, low (48 mg pepsin in 2 ml 0.1M HCl), or high (64 mg pepsin in 3 ml 0.1M HCl) for 0, 15, 30, 60, …

An Investigation On Fishes Of The Turkish Rebuplic Of Northern Cyprus, Hati̇ce Torcu, Zeli̇ha Aka, Aki̇f İşbi̇li̇r

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This investigation was carried out for the determination of fish species living on the coasts of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Of 49 determined species, Pempheris vanicolensis is a new record for Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Some morphometric, meristic and ecological characteristics of this species were examined.

Seasonal Variation In Bovine Luteal Concentrations Of Ss-Carotene, Şevket Arikan, Richard G. Rodway

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

ß-Carotene is present in extremely high concentrations in bovine corpus luteum. The aim of this study was to examine the extent of the seasonal variation in concentrations of luteal ß-carotene in cows. A total of 102 corpora lutea collected throughout all 12 months of the year were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The mean ß-carotene concentration of the luteal tissues was 58.7 ± 4.5 µg/g. Bovine corpora lutea collected in the warmer months (May-Oct.) contained significantly (P

Comparison Of The Pharmacokinetics Of Conventional And Long-Acting Formulations Of Oxytetracycline In Sheep, Sezai̇ Kaya, Ender Yarsan, Emi̇ne Baydan, Rauf Akkaya, Abdurrahman Aksoy

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The pharmacokinetics of conventional and long-acting oxytetracycline (OTC) formulation were evaluated in sheep at a single dosage of 20 mg-kg^{-1} body weight (bw). Conventional formulation was injected by intravenous (IV) route and long-acting formulation of oxytetracycline was administered by intramuscular (IM) route. Then blood samples were taken at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hours. Oxytetracycline analysis was performed by HPLC in plasma. The plasma drug concentration-time profile was characteristic of a two-compartment open model. Following IM administration, time to reach maximal plasma drug concentration was 2 hours and maximal plasma …

Six Different Models For Estimation Of Genetic Parameters And Breeding Values For Pre-Weaning And Post-Weaning Weights In Suckler Cattle, Zafer Ulutaş, Ioan Ap Dewi, Mustafa Saatci

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Estimates of (co)variance components and breeding values for pre-weaning (100-day) and post-weaning (300-day) weights were obtained for a commercial herd of Welsh Black cattle recorded from 1976 to 1996. Estimates were obtained from six animal models ranging from a model with only an additive direct effect to a model that also included an additive maternal effect, a maternal permanent environmental effect and a covariance between additive direct and additive maternal effects. The most appropriate model for 100-day weight, based on a likelihood ratio test, was a model with additive direct and additive maternal effects with no covariance between them, yielding …

The Anaesthetics Effects Of Quinaldine Sulphate And/Or Diazepam On Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus Labrax) Juveniles, Mahmut Yanar, Meti̇n Kumlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the effects of an anaesthetic quinaldine sulphate (QS) and a muscle relaxant, diazepam (D), on sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles (8-9 g) were investigated. When used together with D, the anaesthetic effect of QS was significantly increased. The fish entered light anaesthesia at 15 ppm QS, as compared to 5 ppm QS + 1 ppm diazepam (D). Similarly, a deep anaesthesia level was reached at only 7.5 ppm QS + 1 ppm D as compared to 20 ppm of QS. The use of QS alone at high concentrations (7.5-25 ppm) increased mortality from 10% to 100%. No …

Prevalence Of Rotavirus, Escherichia Coli K99 And O157:H7 In Healthy Dairy Cattle Herds In Van, Turkey, Mehmet Çabalar, Banur Boynukara, Ti̇mur Gülhan, İ. Hakki Eki̇n

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of rotavirus, Escherichia coli K99 and O157:H7 in healthy dairy cattle herds in Van and environs, Turkey. Some of the cattle herds had a history of recurrent neonatal diarrhoea for previous years, and even while sampling was being done, some newborn calves were diarrhoeic. Three hundred and twelve faecal specimens from dairy cattle farms free of clinically apparent diarrhoea were tested both for the presence of rotaviruses by PAGE silver staining and for Escherichia coli K99 and O157:H7 by latex agglutination using specific antisera after the growth of each colony. The enteropathogenic …

The Effects Of Aging Period And Muscle Type On The Textural Quality Characteristics Of Mutton, Mete Yanar, Hasan Yeti̇m

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this research, the effects of aging on some of the textural quality characteristics of Longissimus dorsi (LD) and Semimembranosus (SM) muscles from mutton carcasses were evaluated. The results showed that the aging process significantly (P

The Effect Of Supplemental Dietary Chromium On Performance, Some Blood Parameters And Tissue Chromium Contents Of Rabbits, Kazim Şahi̇n, Nurhan Şahi̇n, Talat Güler, O. Ni̇hat Ertaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of supplemental dietary chromium (Cr) on average daily gain, feed intake, feed efficiency and several serum constituents and tissue chromium contents of pregnant does, newborns and weaned growing rabbits. At the beginning of the study, 36 rabbits were randomly divided into three treatment groups as follows: 0, 200 and 400 ppb. Supplemental chromium was provided by Cr chloride incorporated into a basal diet containing 539.17 ppb Cr. Blood and tissue were collected at the end of study and analyzed for serum glutamic oxalate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase …

Serological Survey Of The Infection Of Parainfluenzavirus Type 3 In Cattle In Malatya, Aykut Özdarendeli̇, Mehmet Kandi̇l

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Cattle serum samples were examined for antibodies to parainfluenza type 3 (PI-3) virus using the hemaglutination-inhibition (HI) test. These sera were taken in autumn 1994 and spring 1995 from clinically healthy cattle in Malatya. Antibodies to PI-3 virus were detected in 897 out of 1000 cattle sera 89.7%. Reciprocal antibody titres to PI-3 virus in cattle ranged from 1:16 to 1:1024. It was determined that the proportion of seropositive sera in the cattle in the spring was higher than in the autumn.

A Survey Of Canine Mammary Tumours From 1973 To 1998 In Ankara, Sevi̇l Atalay Vural, Yilmaz Aydin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this retrospective study, some epidemiologic aspects and histopathologic characteristics of 236 canine mammary tumours diagnosed at the Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, from 1973 to 1998 were evaluated. Forty-eight of 236 dogs with tumours (23.08%) were poodle, 40 (19.23%) were caniche, 30 (14.43%) were terrier, 27 (12.98%) were German shepherd, 15 (7.21%) were pinscher, 48 (23.08%) were 13 different breeds and the breeds of 28 (11.86%) were not known. Most of the animals (96%) were between 5 and 15 years of age. The malignancies obtained in poodle and caniche breeds were more frequent than in …

Effects Of Ascorbic Acid Injection During Incubation On The Hatchability Of Large Broiler Eggs, Okan Eli̇bol, Mesut Türkoğlu, Mehmet Akan, Handan Erol

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of ascorbic acid (AA) injections on broiler hatchability. The aim of the experiment was to determine if the late embriyonic mortality rates could be differed by heat stress. The large eggs (

Milk Production Traits Of Tushin Sheep In Semi-Intensive Conditions, Mevlüt Karaoğlu, Muhli̇s Maci̇t, Ayhan Aksoy

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The purpose of this study was to determine some traits related with milk yield and composition of Tushin sheep reared in semi-intensive conditions. The results showed that the duration of lactation of the ewes, the milk yield, and the averages of daily milk yield, and the percentages of milk fat and dry matter were 136.8 days, 33.09 l, 0.273 l, 6.91 % and 17.2 % respectively. The linear effect of lactatiton duration was highly significant (p