Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Pranee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

A Scanning Electron Microscope Study On Porcine Zona Pellucida Stored In A Salt Solution For Different Periods Of Time, Adisorn Adirekthaworn, Kriengyot Sajjarengpong, Bangon Wattanaaumpi, Wimon Pothiwong, Mongkol Techakumphu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The scanning electron microscope features of the zona pellucida of immature porcine oocytes, preserved in hypertonic salt solution, for 7, 14, 28 and 56 days, were compared with the features of fresh immature oocytes. The outer zona pellucida layer showed two principal patterns. The first showed a network, with a spongy appearance and containing numerous pores, while the other had a more compact and smooth structure, with fewer pores. The diameter and the number of outer pores within a 100 μm2 area was evaluated. The mean diameters were 0.55±0.40, 0.47±0.32, 0.42±0.26, 0.40±0.26 for the 7D, 14D, 28D and 56D salt-stored …

The Effect Of An Iron Glycine Chelate Supplement On The Haemoglobin And The Haematocrit Values And Reproductive Traits Of Sows, Padet Tummaruk, Rachod Tantilertcharoen, Somchai Pondeenana, Pathompol Buabucha, Prachin Virakul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The present study was performed to investigate, whether or not, iron glycine chelate given to sows, in late pregnancy and lactation, could enhance reproductive traits. A supplement of 62.5 g/ton of iron glycine chelate given in the sows feed for 0 (control), 2, 4, 6 or 8 weeks prior to farrowing was provided. The haemoglobin (Hb) and haematocrit (Hct) values of sows and their piglets, the litter size at birth and at weaning, the birth weight, %stillborn, %mummified fetuses, the growth rate of the suckling piglets, the weaning weight of the piglets and the proportion of anemic sows and piglets …

Production Indicies For Evaluating Production Efficiency Of Cows And Farms In Dairy Herd Health Management Programs, Witaya Suriyasathaporn, Tanu Pinyopummintr, Kwankate Kanistanon, Porntip Prasarnwong, Pitakpong Maneeratanaruangroj, Sunchai Takong, Veerasak Punyapornwittaya, Khwanchai Kreausukon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The goal of this study was to generate production indicies for evaluating cow and farm production efficiency. The milk yields from cows on 10 farms in the Khonkaen province were recorded. The data were transformed into a value depicting standard milk production and subsequently calculated to show the average standard milk production of each farm and an average for all farms. These data were used to calculate 2 production indecies: 1) a cow production index, calculated by dividing the cow standard milk production figure with the average standard milk production for the farm, and 2) a herd production index, calculated …

Recurrence And Metastases Of A Basal Cell Carcinoma In A Variable Squirrel (Callosciurus Finlaysoni Floweri): A Case Report, Sawang Kesdangsakonwut, Anudep Rungsipipat, Nopadon Pirarat, Komkrich Teankum, Wijit Banlunara

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A dead, 9-year-old, female, Variable squirrel, weighing 190 g, had a skin swelling in the left inguinal area. Surgical excision of a similar skin mass in the right inguinal area had taken place 87 days previously. The squirrel had showed signs of severe dyspnea and inappetence for 7 days prior to death. At necropsy, as well as the skin mass in the left inguinal area, metastases were found in the inguinal lymph node and the lung together with a hemothorax. The tumor based on the clinical data, macroscopic and microscopic lesions was diagnosed as a basal cell carcinoma, Immunohistochemistry showed …

Exercise And Dehydration In The Horse, Prawit Butudom

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The intensity and duration of exercise has a major impact on fluid levels, electrolytes and acid-base balance in the horse. The changes range from rapid fluid and electrolyte shifts which accompany high-intensity exercise (VO2 max ≥ 100%) (i.e., racehorse) to substantial fluid and electrolyte depletion during Speed and Endurance Tests as seen at Three-day events. Depletion is also seen during prolonged endurance exercise, in which the horse performs a low-intensity form of exercise (30-60% VO2max). These fluctuations of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis have been implicated in the development of fatigue and can lead to medical problems when exercise is continued …

Immunohistochemical Studies Of The Estrogen Receptor Alpha In The Ovaries And Uteri Of The Domestic Cat At Different Stages Of The Oestrous Cycle, Damri Darawiroj, Kongkiat Srisuwatanasagul, Sinchai Pianchop, Sayamon Sukjumlong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The expression of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) was investigated in domestic cat ovaries and uteri by mean of immunohistochemistry, using monoclonal antibody against ERα. The stages of the oestrous cycle were determined by vaginal cytology and serum steroid levels which were taken before operation. In the uterus, positive staining was found in the nuclei of all uterine cell types in different proportions and staining intensity. During oestrous, the staining intensity and the proportion of positive cells were highest in the epithelium (both the surface epithelium and the glandular epithelium) as well as in the myometrium. At dioestrous, ERα expression …

A Morphological Study And Diagnotic Ultrasonography Of Asian Elephant Kidney, Wimon Pothiwong, Phiwipha Kamonrat, Pawana Uthaichotiwan, Pakorn Prachammuang, Sumolya Kanchanapangka

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Kidneys from a forty year old, female, Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) were subjected to a gross anatomical study (measurements, dissection, parasagittal sections and photography), histological examination, and ultrasonographic images. The kidney had an elliptical to ovoid shape with a size of 32x21x12 centimeters (length, width, and thickness). It was of multilobar or multipyramidal type, composed of 8 lobes, closely placed and separated by interlobar septae, some of which were perforated by minor interruptions. Each lobe had one calyx, connected to its secondary infundibulum which converged into two primary infundibula, one each on end of the renal sinus. The 2 primary …

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Kris Angkanaporn, Suwanakiet Sawangkoon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Basic Hematological And Physiological Data Found In Siamese Tiger Fish (Datnioides Microlepis Bleeker), Thanate Chinvaraporn, Sakol Chantaraaumporn, Aumphon Thongsima, Nantarika Chansue, Theerasak Mataderm, Amornrat Tasanakit, Achariya Sailasuta

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The hematological values of 50 Siamese Tiger Fish, with an average body length of approximately 30 cm were: hematocrit, 24.4±5.6%, RBC, 4.0±0.9x106 cell/μl. and WBC, 32.4±10.3x103 cell/μl. From a thin blood smear, the results of a differential cell count were: lymphocytes, 85.8±4.6%, monocytes, 10.1±4.2% and granulocytes, 4.1±3.2%. Blood chemistry data for Aspatate aminotransferase(AST) averaged, 36.2±10.78 U/L, Alanine aminotransferase(ALT), 10.28±6.53 U/L, Glucose, 41.4±18.25 mg/dl., Blood urea nitrogen(BUN), 10.36±1.64 mg/dl., Total protein, 3.54±0.53 g/dl, Albumin, 0.66±0.73 g/dl and Globulin, 2.88±0.76 g/dl. From the structure of white blood cells studied under a light microscope and an electron microscope 3 types of leukocytes were …

Differences Seen In The Pelvic Bone Parameters Of Male And Female Dogs, Kriengyot Sajjarengpong, Adisorn Adirekthaworn, Kongkiat Srisuwattanasagul, Sayamon Sukjumlong, Damri Darawiroj

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to measure some of the variable parameters of canine pelvic bones and to make a comparision between the sexes. Eighteen variable measurements of pelvic bones from 34 adult dogs (18 female and 16 male) were studied. The results showed that the variable parameters of pelvic bones in the male dogs were higher than those found in females except for four variables which were the conjugate diameter (C), the length of the pubis (LP), the distance between the iliac crests at their most lateral points (IC) and the shortest distance from the middle of the …

Defining The Coefficients For The Calculation Of Standard Milk Production And The Average Daily Milk Production For The Whole Lactation, Witaya Suriyasathaporn, Kwankate Kanistanon, Worawich Kowitayakorn, Weerasak Punyapornwittaya, Khwanchai Kreausukon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to define the coefficients for the calculation of standard milk production and the average daily milk production for the whole lactation, from the milk production measured on one test day. Individual milk production data from a farm, with an average of 45 milking cows, in the Khonkaen province, were collected daily over a period of one year. Data from healthy cows, in lactations 1 to 6, were used. The lactation period was divided into 13 separate periods: days 0-15, 16-30, and every 30-day period after that. Parity was divided into first parity and parities …

First Identification Of Neospora Caninum In Thailand, Than Kyaw, Prachin Virakul, Manop Muangyai, Wijit Banlunara

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

An immunohistochemical examination of aborted bovine tissues, collected from two dairy farms that had a high abortion rate (7%), detected the organism Neospora caninum (NC). Five out of 12 aborting cows (41.7%) were seropositive to NC using a competitive ELISA test. Neospora-tachyzoites were detected in the placenta of a seropositive aborting cow. Neither NC parasites nor cysts were detected in other fetal tissues. The identification of the Neospora-parasite and a high percentage of Neospora seropositive aborting cows, suggested NC as the possible cause of abortion. This is the first identification of the NC parasite in Thailand.

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Induces Rapid Cell Death And Functional Impairment Of Murine Dendritic Cells In Vitro, Clinton J. Jones, M. Fernandez, K. Herc, L. Bosnjak, M. Miranda-Saksena, R. A. Boadle, A. Cunningham

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Dendritic cells (DC) are critical for stimulation of naive T cells. Little is known about the effect of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection on DC structure or function or if the observed effects of HSV-1 on human DC are reproduced in murine DC. Here, we demonstrate that by 12 h postinfection, wild-type (wt) HSV-2 (186) abortively infected murine bone marrow-derived DC and induced early cell death compared to UV-inactivated HSV-2 or mock-infected DC. HSV-2-induced loss of DC viability was more rapid than that induced by HSV-1 and was due, in part, to apoptosis, as shown by TEM, caspase-3 …

The Gene That Encodes The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Latency-Associated Transcript Influences The Accumulation Of Transcripts (Bcl-XL And Bcl-XS) That Encode Apoptotic Regulatory Proteins, Weiping Peng, Gail A. Henderson, Guey-Chuen Perng, Anthony B. Nesburn, Steven L. Wechsler, Clinton J. Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcript (LAT) inhibits apoptosis. We demonstrate here that LAT influences the accumulation of the Bcl-x_L transcript versus the Bcl-x_S transcript in Neuro-2A cells. Bcl-x_L encodes an antiapoptotic protein, whereas Bcl-x_S encodes a proapoptotic protein. Promoting the accumulation of Bcl-x_L in neurons may inhibit apoptosis, thus enhancing the latency-reactivation cycle.

A Diagnostic Strategy To Determine The Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia Coli 0157 Status Of Pens Of Feedlot Cattle, David R. Smith, J.T. Gray, Rodney A. Moxley, S.M. Younts-Dahl, M.P. Blackford, S. Hinkley, L.L. Hungerford, C.T. Milton, Terry J. Klopfenstein

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Although cattle are reservoirs, no validated method exists to monitor Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli 0157 (STEC 0157) on farms. In 29 Midwestern United States feedlot pens we compared culturing feces from the individual cattle to: (1) culturing rope devices that cattle rub or chew; and (2) culturing a composite of fecal pats. Eighty-six per cent (68-96 %) of pens were classified correctly using rope devices to detect pens with at least 16 % of the cattle shedding STEC 0 157 [sensitivity = 82 % (57-96 %); specificity = 92 % (62-100 %)]. Ninety per cent of pens (73-98 %) were …

Comparative Analysis And Expression Of Clul1, A Cone Photoreceptor-Specific Gene, Qi Zhang, William A. Beltran, Zuohua Mao, Kui Li, Jennifer L. Johnson, Gregory M. Acland, Gustavo D. Aguirre

Gustavo D. Aguirre, VMD, PhD

The Evidence For Pain In Fish: The Use Of Morphine As An Analgesic, Lynne U. Sneddon

Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection

This paper discusses the evidence for pain perception in fish and presents new data on morphine analgesia in fish. Recent anatomical and electrophysiological studies have demonstrated that fish are capable of nociception, the simple detection of a noxious, potentially painful stimulus and the reflex response to this. To prove pain perception, it must be demonstrated that an animal’s behaviour is adversely affected by a potentially painful event and this must not be a reflex response. The present study examined the acute effects of administering a noxious chemical to the lips of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to assess what changes occurred …

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Pranee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Inactivation Of Picornaviruses And Caliciviruses; Part 2: Inactivation, Suphachai Nuanualsuwan, Dean O. Cliver

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The prevention of human fecal contamination of food and water is an effective measure to control the transmission of foodborne disease viruses e.g. hepatitis A virus (HAV) and calicivirus found in food chains and water systems. If the prevention of virus contamination is not successful, one of the most common critical control points in the food industry is the inactivation of viruses that contaminate the food or water. The objective of inactivation is to modify the virus or make it abort in the next replicative cycle. The efficiency of inactivating agents is measured by the plots of "logarithmic scale of …

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Kris Angkanaporn, Suwanakiet Sawangkoon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Study Of Gastro-Intestinal Helminthes In Native Chicken And The Efficacy Of Mebendazole Against The Helminth Parasites, Suwanee Nithiuthai, Sudchit Chungpivat, Woraporn Sukumavasi

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

During 1996-1999, two thousand gastrointestinal tracts from native chicken sold in the avian market, Klongtoey, Prakanong, Bangkok were randomly examined for adult helminthes. The worms were identified and classified into 3 groups, according to their taxonomy. Intestinal flukes comprised of Echinostoma (1.0%), Prosthogonimus (0.1%) and Notocotylus (0.1%). Tapeworms were Amoebotaenia (0.5%), Cotugnia (2.1%), Diorchis (0.1%) Hymenolepis (0.9%) and Raillietina (14.5%). The last category was nematodes, which were in 5 genera : Ascaridia (7.2%), Capillaria (1.0%), Gongylonema (4.1%), Heterakis (9.4%), Strongyloides (0.4%) and Tetrameres (1.1%). Concurrent infections with 2 to 7 species of parasites were commonly found. Later in 2001, the …

The Expression Of Oestrogen And Progesterone Receptors In The Gilt Uterus At Different Stages Of The Oestrous Cycle, Sayamon Sukjumlong, Kongkiat Srisuwatanasagul, Adisorn Adirekthaworn, Kriengyot Sajjarengpong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Ovarian steroid hormones are known to be an important modulator in the regulation of reproductive function in the female. The levels of oestrogen and progesterone have been well documented whilst interacting during the entire oestrous cycle but their specific receptors in the target cells are less understood. Therefore, a comparative study of oestrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) at certain oestrous stages should be of help in the prediction of their interaction in specific uterine compartments. Tissue samples were collected at different stages of the oestrous cycle: oestrus (n=3), early dioestrus (n=3) and late dioestrus (n=3). They were fixed in …

Serum Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase Of Dogs With Various Bone Condition, Warapat Prachasilpchai, Tapmanus Bupha-Intr, Marissak Kalpravidh, Meena Sarikaputi, Sumit Durongphongtorn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Serum total and bone alkaline phosphatase (TAP and BAP) including Ca and P were measured in 6 dogs with osteoporotic bone and 10 dogs with less than a week fracture presented to the Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University. The serum chemistry and ulnar radiographs were evaluated in plaster casting 9 normal experimental dogs before and after ulnar osteotomy on weeks 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16, postoperation. The 9 normal experiment dogs had the average (±SE) of 97.7(±19.1) U/L TAP, 23.3(±21.4) U/L BAP, 9.6(±0.4) U/L Ca and 5.4(±0.3) U/L P. Serum TAP, …

The Effect Of Chronic Heat Stress On The Urinary System Pathology Of Broilers, Worapol Aengwanich, Suchint Simaraks

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Thirty six, one day old broiler chicks were obtained from a commercial hatchery. They were brooded for 20 days before being placed in layer cages, with a wire floor, at 26-28oC, for a 7 day adaptation period. On day 28, the broilers were transferred into environmentally controlled housing, at 26-28oC, and were subjected to heat stress for 5 hrs, at a temperature of 33±1oC, each day, for 21 days. Fifteen birds were then randomly killed by cervical dislocation for macroscopic and microscopic examination of the urinary system. The results revealed that the ureters in 9 out of 15 broilers showed …

The Relationship Between Pathological Gastric Changes And Helicobacter Spp. In Dogs, Nopadon Pirarat, Thepsirin Makbunsri, Sirichoke Sukkamon, Suchada Amornchailertrat, Anudep Rungsipipat, Boonmee Sunyasootcharee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A study of canine, gastric, Helicobacter spp. infection was performed. A total of 56 biopsied samples of cardia, fundus, body and pyloric antrum, submitted to the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, during October, 2001 to 2002, were investigated. The objective of this study was to detect Helicobacter spp. infections in the stomach of dogs and to confirm any relationship between the histopathological changes in the stomach with the presence of bacteria. The histopathological results revealed inflammatory cell infiltration 100%(56/56), crypt distortion 69.64%(39/56), lymphoid follicular formation 67.86% (38/56) and epithelial degeneration 28.57%(16/56). The presence of Helicobacter spp. …

The Detection Of Oestrus : A Key Role In Enhancing Mating Efficiency In Pigs, Padet Tummaruk

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This review focuses on oestrous detection, which is a vital factor for mating efficiency in pigs. The content includes information concerning the timing of ovulation, in relation to oestrous behavior, follicular growth and hormonal changes before and during oestrus. Also the factors affecting the oestrous interval, the importance of boar contact, oestrus detection in gilts and the diagnosis and treatment of anoestrus and/or ovarian dysfunction in sows.

The Efficacy Of Ivermectin (Ivomec®) Against Gastrointestinal Nematodes Of Sheep In Thailand, Vanni Chaisanabunthid, Kanchana Kengkoom, Wantanee Ratanasak, Darunee Buripakdi Lawson

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Rectal, faecal samples from 14 sheep were collected 3 times a day (morning, noon and evening) and examined for nematode eggs by the formalin-ether, sedimentation technique and the Brine floatation technique. The faecal egg counts were done by using the Stoll’s dilution, egg counting technique. The sheep were injected with ivermectin (Ivomec®) (0.2 mg/kg) subcutaneously. Three weeks later, faecal samples were collected and examined to determine the outcome of the treatment. It was found that strongyles and Trichuris ovis eggs were absent. It was concluded that Ivomec® showed good efficacy for the treatment of some gastrointestinal nematodes in this study …

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.