Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Tissue Restricted Splice Junctions Originate Not Only From Tissue-Specific Gene Loci, But Gene Loci With A Broad Pattern Of Expression, Matthew S. Hestand, Zheng Zeng, Stephen J. Coleman, Jinze Liu, James N. Macleod

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Cellular mechanisms that achieve protein diversity in eukaryotes are multifaceted, including transcriptional components such as RNA splicing. Through alternative splicing, a single protein-coding gene can generate multiple mRNA transcripts and protein isoforms, some of which are tissue-specific. We have conducted qualitative and quantitative analyses of the Bodymap 2.0 messenger RNA-sequencing data from 16 human tissue samples and identified 209,363 splice junctions. Of these, 22,231 (10.6%) were not previously annotated and 21,650 (10.3%) were expressed in a tissue-restricted pattern. Tissue-restricted alternative splicing was found to be widespread, with approximately 65% of expressed multi-exon genes containing at least one tissue-specific splice junction. …

Summer-Long Grazing Of High Vs. Low Endophyte (Neotyphodium Coenophialum)-Infected Tall Fescue By Growing Beef Steers Results In Distinct Temporal Blood Analyte Response Patterns, With Poor Correlation To Serum Prolactin Levels, Joshua J. Jackson, Merlin D. Lindemann, James A. Boling, James C. Matthews

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Previously, we reported the effects of fescue toxicosis on developing Angus-cross steer growth, carcass, hepatic mRNA, and protein expression profiles of selected serum proteins, and blood clinical and chemical profiles, after summer-long grazing (85 days) of high endophyte (HE)- vs. low endophyte (LE)-infected fescue pastures. We now report the temporal development of acute, intermediate, and chronic responses of biochemical and clinical blood analytes determined at specified time intervals (period 1, day 0–36; period 2, day 37–58; and period 3, day 59–85). Throughout the trial, the alkaloid concentrations of the HE forage was consistently 19–25 times greater (P ≤ 0.002) …

Autonomic Nervous System Reactivity In A Free-Ranging Mammal: Effects Of Dominance Rank And Personality, Elodie F. Briefer, James A. Oxley, Alan G. Mcelligott

Ethology Collection

Modulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity allows animals to effectively respond to internal and external stimuli in everyday challenges via changes in, for example, heart and respiration rate. Various factors, ranging from social such as dominance rank to internal such as personality or affective states can impact animal physiology. Our knowledge of the combinatory effects of social and internal factors on ANS basal activity and reactivity, and of the importance that each factor has in determining physiological parameters, is limited, particularly in nonhuman, free-ranging animals. In this study, we tested the effects of dominance rank and personality (assessed …

Prevalence Of Tick-Borne Pathogens In Small Mammals And White-Tailed Deer In Southeast Nebraska, Tim M. Hotaling

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The prevalence of tick-borne diseases has been increasing in the United States for the past couple decades. Studies have been conducted throughout the US identifying tick-borne disease pathogens as well as their hosts and prevalence. Research was conducted in Nebraska to determine the presence of some tick-borne disease pathogens, their vectors, and their hosts, with emphasis made on Borrelia spp., Rickettsia rickettsii, and Ehrlichia chaffeensis.

Small rodents in southeast Nebraska were trapped and sampled at eight study sites using live capture traps. Captured rodents were assessed for active parasitism by ticks which were collected and placed in alcohol. …

Molecular Prevalence Of Zoonotic Pathogens In Pet And Stray Dogs In Southern Taiwan, Tsung-Hung Feng, Chi-Chung Chou, Tsung-Ming Yeh, Yao-Chi Su, Yi-Ping Lu, Wen-Ling Shih, Chiang-Hua Chiang, Ching-Dong Chang, Shyh-Shyan Liu, Hung-Yi Wu, Han Hsiang Huang, Ming-Hui Liao

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The prevalence of important zoonotic diseases including Lyme disease, Q fever, heartworm disease, leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis in pet and stray dogs in southern Taiwan (Kaohsiung City and Pingtung County) was assessed using nested, semi-nested or traditional polymerase chain reaction. The correlations between the prevalence and regional demiographic data were also analyzed. Blood samples were randomly collected from pet and stray dogs monthly from September 2009 to August 2011. The PCR sensitivity for Borrelia burgdorferi was 10 pg, 100 fg for Coxiella burnetii, 1 pg for Dirofilaria immitis, 100 pg for Leptospira spp. and 10 fg for Toxoplasma gondii, respectively, in …

Characterization Of Internal Transcribed Spacer Of Nuclear Ribosomal Dna Of Trichuris Ovis From Goat In Hunan Province, China, Fen Li, Yi Liu, Wen-Cheng Chen, Tao Hu, Liu-Chun Duan, Wei Liu, Tian-Yin Cheng

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Trichuris ovis parasitizes the caeca and colon of hosts, causing trichuriasis. Despite this parasite being of animal health significance, causing considerable socio-economic losses globally, little is known of the molecular characteristics of T. ovis. In the present study, the entire first and second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1 and ITS-2) regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of T. ovis from goats in Hunan province, China were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the representative amplicons were subjected to sequencing in order to estimate sequence variation. The ITS rDNA sequences for the T. ovis samples were 1289-1303 bp in length. Sequence …

Effect Of Serum Il-1beta Of Pcso-524 And Firocoxib In Dogs Undergoing Medial Patellar Luxation Repair, Sararat Kongwut, Kumpanart Soontornvipart, Meena Sarikaphuti, Pussadee Makoom, Korakot Nganvongpanit

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Thirty client-owned Pomeranians, between one and seven years old that had grade-three medial patellar luxation, were enrolled in this experiment. The dogs did not have other diseases. All the dogs received the same physical and clinical orthopaedic examinations, as well as the peak vertical force gait analysis, radiographic examination for assessment of bone deformities. Then, blood was collected from each dog for evaluation of complete blood counts (CBCs), blood chemistry and biomarker assays (IL-1β) before surgery. After surgery to correct their medial patellar luxations, they were divided into three groups by random sampling. The first group received only Firocoxib (5 …

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Nan Choisunirachon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Neurobiology Of Circadian Rhythms, Patricia J. Sollars, Gary E. Pickard

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Daily rhythms in nature, such as the opening and closing of flowers or our patterns of sleep and wakefulness and their association with the perpetual alteration of night and day, were recognized in antiquity although their origins were not questioned until the eighteenth century. The French Astronomer Jean-Jacques d’Ortous de Mairan conducted an investigation into whether the leaves of the Mimosa plant opened in response to light.¹ While de Mairan’s experiments were the first to question the origin of such daily rhythms, Augustin Pyramus de Candolle is credited with the first suggestion that they arose through an internal timekeeping …

A Synthetic Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Strain Confers Unprecedented Levels Of Heterologous Protection, Hiep Vu, Fangrui Ma, William W. Laegreid, Asit K. Pattnaik, David Steffen, Alan R. Doster, Fernando Osorio

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Current vaccines do not provide sufficient levels of protection against divergent porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strains circulating in the field, mainly due to the substantial variation of the viral genome. We describe here a novel approach to generate a PRRSV vaccine candidate that could confer unprecedented levels of heterologous protection against divergent PRRSV isolates. By using a set of 59 nonredundant, full-genome sequences of type 2 PRRSVs, a consensus genome (designated PRRSV-CON) was generated by aligning these 59 PRRSV full-genome sequences, followed by selecting the most common nucleotide found at each position of the alignment. Next, the …

Efficiency Of Energy Utilization And Fecal Mineral Excretion In Holstein And Jersey Dairy Cows, Gabriel Garcia Gomez

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Eight multiparous Holstein and 8 Jersey dairy cows were used to complete energy balance trials designed to determine the effect of breed on the production and energy efficiency of milk, and energy partitioning. A repeated switchback design was used to compare the effect of cow breed. Diets consisted of 24.5% corn silage, 18.4% alfalfa hay, 6.9% grass hay, with either 22.9% rolled corn and 14.8% soybean meal (CON) or 8.95% rolled corn and 28.8% reduced fat distillers grains (RFDDGS) DM-basis. Diets were offered ad libitum for a 28 d adaptation period and 95% ad libitum for a 4 d collection …

Reproductive Effects Of Pg600 In Female Pigs, Narathon Innamma, Attaporn Roongsitthichai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

PG600 is a synthetic gonadotropin comprising 400 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and 200 IU human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Major responsibilities of PG600 were to stimulate follicle growth and induce ovulation. In replacement gilts, a number of large follicles were found after PG600 treatment. Nevertheless, the number of good quality follicles was not different between treatment and control gilts. In primiparous sows, the number of those returning to estrus within 10 days after weaning from PG600 were higher than those in control group. In addition, the administration of PG600 enhanced the number of piglets born alive per litter in the …

Construction Of Pooled Oocyte Expression Profiles Of Rhesus Monkey And Mouse For Concurrent Meta-Analyses, Kaj Chokeshaiusaha, Denis Puthier, Catherine Nguyen, Thanida Sananmuang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Concurrent gene expression profiling meta-analysis of in vitro and in vivo matured oocytes among mammals can provide crucial knowledge to assist reproductive technologies. Due to the lack of methodology to prepare oocyte datasets for such analysis, we illustrated the procedures to merge in vitro and in vivo matured oocyte expression profiling datasets of rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) and mouse (Mus musculus). Datasets acquired from both species were pooled together based on types of their orthologous genes. To determine the feasibility of constructed pooled data, top orthologous genes differentially expressed between in vitro and in vivo oocytes were identified by Linear …

Genetic Parameters For Residual Feed Intake, Feed Efficiency And Average Daily Gain In Landrace Pigs, Thivakorn Sirichokchatchawan, Nalinee Imboonta

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Residual feed intake (RFI) is the difference between the actual feed intake (AFI) and the expected feed intake (EFI). RFI has become an increasingly important trait and is being considered as a more practical approach to evaluate feed efficiency (FE) in livestock. Data from 479 purebred Landrace pigs involved in a performance test were used in this study. Pigs were housed in an individual pen and fed ad libitum the same formula diet consisting of 2,950 kcal/kg of ME and 16% crude protein. Clean water was available to the pigs at all time. Pigs were weighed at the beginning and …

Immunohistochemical Detection Of Estrogen And Progesterone Receptors In The Uterine And Oviductal Tissues Of Culling Gilts With Ovarian Cysts, Paisan Tienthai, Padet Tummaruk

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The most important removal cause of replacement gilts that occurred in the swine herds is the reproductive failure. The widespread causes of reproductive problem are induced by various factors and ovarian cysts were frequently found among these. The objective of this study was to scrutinize the impact of ovarian cysts on the expression of female steroid receptors in the uterine horns and oviducts of culling gilts. The genital organs were collected from culled replacement gilts which were categorized into three groups: gilts with single large cyst, multiple large cysts and normal ovary at follicular phase (control). The historical data were …

Effect Of Physical Therapy Program After Surgical Correction Of Medial Patellar Luxation In Small Breed Dogs, Anchalida Wiputhanuphongs, Kumpanart Soontornvipart, Prawit Janwantanakul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Physical therapy, especially after surgery, is very important to improve or maintain the quality of patient’s life. Nowadays, it still have limited knowledge about physical therapy, especially post-surgical correction of patellar luxation which common seen in small breed dogs. This study aimed to compare the effects of physical therapy program in small breed dogs after surgical correction of patellar luxation. 20-MPL-Chihuahua (n=15) and Pomeranian (n=5) dogs were enrolled in this study with both genders, age 1 to 7 years old and body condition score of 3/5. Post-operative period the patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups. Ten animals were in …

Ns Gene Of Influenza Virus A/Swine/Ia/15/30 Increases The Replication Rate Of A/Puerto Rico/8/34 In Mdck And Vero Cells, Challika Kaewborisuth, Nattarat Tungtumniyom, Nantawan Phecharat, Chalermpol Lekcharoensuk, Porntippa Lekcharoensuk

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The reverse genetics (rg) technique has become an alternative approach to produce influenza virus vaccine strains in mammalian cells. The most frequently used genetic backbone for rg–derived viruses is from A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) (PR8) virus which is currently approved for vaccine production. Previously, we reported that reassortant viruses with 6 internal genes from A/swine/IA/15/1930 (H1N1) (IA30) and HA and NA from A/chicken/Thailand/KU14/2004 (H5N1) replicated at higher titers than the corresponding PR8 reassortant. In this study, we aim to examine the IA30 genes that can enhance PR8 virus replication. Growth kinetics of PR8 viruses encoding PB2, PB1, PA, NP or NS …

Treatment Of Microsporum Canis Infection In A Cat Using A Fungal Vaccine, Piyarat Chansiripornchai, Nipattra Suanpairintr

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Successful treatment of Microsporum canis infection in a 8 - year – old, male Thai - mixed breed cat using a fungal vaccine containing inactivated M. canis by 3 subcutaneously injection 14 days apart was reported. A reduction of the lesions and hair regrowth had improved by day 14 after the first injection. There were no adverse effects in the cat during the entire treatment. The results of this study indicate that an inactivated M. canis vaccine may be effective therapy for M. canis infection.

General Anesthesia, Utilizing Etorphine Hydrochloride And Azaperone With Supplementary Isoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia, For Gastro-Esophageal Endoscopy In A Domesticated Asian Elephant (Elephas Maximus): A Case Report, Nikorn Thongtip, Aumaporn Maikaew, Wanlaya Tipkantha, Daraka Thongthainan, Nicharee Income, Benjapol Lorsunyaluck, Pornchai Sunyathitiseree, Boripat Siriaroonrat, Sumate Kamolnoranarth

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A 30-year-old female domestic Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) was referred to Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for investigation of an esophageal obstruction. “Vomiting” had been noted for several days before admission. Initial sedation was achieved by azaperone (80 mg), delivered intramuscularly (IM). Once sedated supporting straps and a sling were fitted, and weight-bearing support was provided by a crane. General anesthesia was induced using 2 mg etorphine hydrochloride (0.00066 mg/kg) by intravenous (IV) injection. Using the crane, she was lowered onto a thickly bedded area on the floor and placed in right lateral recumbency. Oxygen was initially provided via the …

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Saikaew Sutayatram, Nawat Sannamwong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Bacillus Spp Candidates For Aflatoxin B1 Biodegradation In Broiler Chickens, Rosario Galarza Seeber

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Poultry health has been traditionally maintained by hygenic measures, vaccinations, and the use of antibiotics. Modern husbandry management considers the use of probiotics as a natural way to protect birds against many everyday pathogens. Different strains of Bacillus spp. have proved to have beneficial effects in poultry production. However, the most used bacterium in commercial probiotics is Lactobacillus, a vegetative cell. In contrast, Bacillus spp are bacterial spores, highly resistant to harsh conditions, which makes them preferable, in some cases, to Lactobacillus because of shelf life and storage conditions. There is published information regarding mycotoxin detoxification by bacteria. Mycotoxins are …

Induction Of Parturition In Sows, Roy N. Kirkwood

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

When levels of neonatal mortality are considered too high or there is a need for relatively high levels of cross fostering, a protocol of induced farrowing should be implemented to facilitate farrowing supervision. Before implementing an induction protocol the normal gestation length for the farm should be established and sows not induced more than 2 days in advance. Earlier injections will result in low birthweight pigs with potentially compromised lung development. For optimal induction, inject prostaglandin or an analogue into the vulva at the label or 50% dose in the morning and again 6 to 8 hours later. Do not …

Development Of Elisa And Serum Plate Agglutination For Detecting Antibodies Of Mycoplasma Gallisepticum Using Strain Of Thai Isolate, Wisanu Wanasawaeng, Supawadee Chaichote, Niwat Chansiripornchai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of the present study was to develop enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and serum plate agglutination (SPA) for detecting antibodies of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), using a Thai isolated field strain. MG isolation and identification was performed using conventional culture method, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The growth characteristics of each strain were analyzed to determine the most appropriate conditions for the cultivation of MG. The results indicated that the Thai isolated field strain gave the highest growth rate of MG yield with a peak concentration of 1.4 X …

Factors Affecting Treatment Outcome Of Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor: A Retrospective Study, Pansawut Sudjaidee, Suppawiwat Ponglowhapan, Padet Tummaruk, Kaywalee Chatdarong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Canine transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a contagious neoplastic disease commonly seen in tropical and subtropical areas in the countries where the control of stray dog population is poor. This study aimed to summarize the current disease status and evaluate factors affecting treatment outcome to vincristine sulfate, which is the chemotherapeutic drug of choice. Studied factors were divided into three categories; general background (i.e. age, gender, breed), specific descriptions (i.e. tumor diameter, tumor site, season of the year), and treatment details (number of vincristine shots, meteorological parameters). One hundred and fifty-seven medical records were included with 100 achieved complete treatments …

Quantitative Method For Detecting Listeria Species Using The Bio-Theta Doxtm System, Shouichi Tanno, Naoki Fukui, Yukihiro Utaka, Saburo Ohkawa, Yukio Morita, Sumalee Boonmar

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

We developed a quantitative method for detecting Listeria species in food using the DOXTM system. The system could detect low concentrations (10 cfu/ml) of Listeria monocytogenes, L. innocua, and L. welshimeri, and could not detect medium concentrations (103 cfu/ml) of the 29 non-Listeria organisms examined in this study. The relationship between detection time and bacterial count of the 3 Listeria species had a good linear calibration curve. We carried out a recovery examination by inoculating 15 food samples with L. monocytogenes, and each sample was examined 5 times. L. monocytogenes was detected in 68 of the 75 samples inoculated with …

Effects Of Varying Levels Of Liquid Dl-Methionine Hydroxy Analog Free Acid In Drinking Water On Production Performance And Gastrointestinal Tract Of Broiler Chickens At 42 Days Of Age, Kanokkarn Poosuwan, Chaiyapoom Bunchasak, Jumroen Thiengtham, Kanchana Markvichitr, Somchai Chansawarng, Apassara Chutesa

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding liquid DL-methionine hydroxyl analog free acid (LMA) to drinking water on the growth performance and gastrointestinal tract in broiler chicks during 1-42 days of age. The chicks were divided into 5 groups as follows, Group 1 (negative control); chicks received a methionine (Met) deficient diet without LMA supplementation in drinking water. Group 2, 3, 4 and 5 were diets supplemented with DL-methionine (DLM) that meet total sulfur amino acids (TSAA) requirement, then each group was graded level with LMA in drinking water at 0%, 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.1%, respectively. Average …

Intervention Technique Using Transvenous Patent Ductus Arteriosus (Pda) Occluder In A Dog, Chollada Buranakarl, Anusak Kijtawornrat, Wasan Udayachalerm, Sirilak Disatian Surachetpong, Saikaew Sutayatram, Pasakorn Briksawan, Suwicha Chuthathep, Rampaipat Tungjitpeanpong, Nardtiwa Chaivoravitsakul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The first case interventional technique of Patent Ductus Arterious (PDA) correction was conducted in a 2 years old Golden Retriever. The dog was presented with continuous murmur with a marked left-side heart enlargement, insufficiency of pulmonic, mitral, and aortic valves. The definitive diagnosis for PDA was performed by echocardiography. The dog received PDA correction with interventional PDA occluding device consisting of nitinol wire mesh under fluoroscope at the Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University with collaboration by medical expertise from Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University. The procedure was successful as measured by complete occlusion of PDA …

The Use Of Omega-3 Concentrate To Relieve Coxofemoral Osteoarthritic Pain In Dogs, Amornrate Sastravaha, Nirut Suwanna, Chayakrit Sinthusingha, Jatuporn Noosud, Em-On Olanratmanee, Atthaporn Roongsitthichai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The current study aimed to assess the effect of using omega-3 concentrate to relieve coxofemoral osteoarthritic pain in dogs. In total, ten dogs with coxofemoral OA were orthopedically evaluated at the coxofemoral joints in order to grade the pain severity. Pain scores were assessed from lameness at walk and trot (1-6), pain on manipulation (1-3), and range of motion (1-4). All dogs orally received omega-3 concentrate (Omacor®, Banner Pharmacaps Europe BV, the Netherlands) for successively four weeks. During the study, they were evaluated for pain scores on a weekly basis. The results revealed that mean body weight of the patients …

Molecular Detection Of Blood Protozoa In Ticks Collected From Cattle In The Buffer Zone Of Sai Yok National Park, Thailand, Satawat Poolkhetkit, Worrapon Chowattanapon, Sivapong Sungpradit, Tanasak Changbunjong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Ixodid ticks transmit many pathogens to both animals and humans. This study was carried out to detect tick-borne protozoa (Theileria and Babesia) in ticks collected from cattle in the buffer zone of Sai Yok National Park, Thailand. A total of 30 cattle were examined for tick infestation. Of these, 10 (33.3%) were infested with ticks. A total of 85 ticks were collected and identified as Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. The collected ticks were separated into 50 tick pools by sex and life stage. These pools were examined for Theileria and Babesia species by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification of a …