Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

The Effects Of Artificial Insemination On Beef Cattle In The United States, Allee R. Sweeten, Abigail Shelnut, Madison Dickey

ATU Research Symposium

Artificial insemination (AI) is a reproductive procedure widely used in cattle industries and other livestock to increase pregnancy rates. Breeders must wait until the animals are in the estrus part of their estrous cycle to AI. Estrus synchronization is utilized to manipulate the estrous cycle to go into estrus or standing heat. AI is conducted by loading a semen straw into an inseminating gun, inserting the gun into the vagina of the heifer, and making sure it gets past the cervix by palpating with the other hand. Once past the cervix, the semen can be distributed in the heifer. AI …

The Demographic Shift Of Males And Females In Veterinary Medicine, Dalton Tatum, Eddy Patterson, Mia C. Ratliff

ATU Research Symposium

The workforce in veterinary medicine saw a gender shift from a male dominated field towards women in the present day. This research aimed to determine why this shift occurred through demographic analysis and surveys to different job types in this career path. By using this data, the group determined that one of the biggest impacts of the shift is due to the very component that makes veterinary medicine such a tough field, and it is located at the graduate school entry level . The competitiveness level is intertwined through all of the data and leads to the conclusion that females …

Polydactyly In Cats, Rosa Benson, Cassie Morris, Leaha Mancuso, Bernardo Mesa

Harrisburg University Research Symposium: Highlighting Research, Innovation, & Creativity

Polydactyly is a genetic condition in which a cat is born with more than the typical number of toes. It is a dominant genetic mutation and is fairly common in cats. (Class Project)

Strengthening Information Literacy Through (Online) Conversation, Kelly Weigand, Antonia Jameson Jordan

Georgia International Conference on Information Literacy

There are many controversies surrounding the use of animals for food, and we have observed that veterinary students are interested in deeper consideration of the ethical, moral, and practical implications associated with animal agriculture. Guided by the ACRL Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education, we developed a discussion-based course focused on the complex issue of consuming animal products to provide practice in seeking and critically evaluating sources.

The course met weekly for eight weeks. Prior to each session, students submitted a brief reflection on the assigned readings and videos, and provided citations for additional relevant materials. Class sessions were …

Using Handmade Cloning To Reduce Oocyte Mitochondria In Reconstructed Embryos, Laura Adams

Student Research Symposium

Mitochondrial heteroplasmy, the presence of more than one population of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in one cell, can cause metabolic issues and reduced ATP synthesis, even at relatively low levels. The presence of this condition in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos likely contributes to reduced prenatal and postnatal viability: the majority of the oocyte’s mitochondria is still present at the time of nuclear transfer, as well as through any further embryonic development post-fusion and activation. Though the somatic cell also contributes its mitochondria (which can successfully communicate with its nucleus), the oocyte’s mitochondria compose a greater proportion of the total …

Detecting Dna Oxidation In Sperm, Alexie Zwerdling

Student Research Symposium

Declining body-wide levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) that are present in normal aging men are linked to decreased sperm quality and DNA integrity. When NAD is low, the amount of oxidative stress on the DNA appears to be increased, due to the limited regeneration of the antioxidant glutathione, which is NAD-dependent. We therefore hypothesize that the increased sperm DNA damage in the aging male is caused by an elevated formation of 8-oxoguanine in the DNA, caused by increased oxidative stress when NAD levels are low. To test this hypothesis, a transgenic mouse model (ANDY mouse) was used to create …

Fecal Microbiota Transfer (Fmt) From Tumor-Bearing Mice Fed The Total Western Diet (Twd) Does Not Contribute To A Higher Tumor Burden In Mice Fed A Healthy Diet, Porter Green

Student Research Symposium

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer death in the United States. Diet and gut microbiome have shown to influence the development of colitis associated colorectal cancer (CAC). For this study, the goal was to determine the association between colon inflammation, diet and microbiome in the development of CAC in mice. The primary objective of this study was to determine the contribution of gut microbiota from mice donors who have previously consumed one of two basal diets: 1) the standard AIN93G diet, which is designed to promote rodent health; and 2) the total Western diet (TWD), …

Roles Of Nad In Dna Repair And Response To Oxidative Stress, Micah Forbush

Student Research Symposium

It has become a common trend for people to start their families at a later age, often due to lifestyle choices like achieving career goals first and waiting to achieve financial stability. Along with this trend of increasing parental age comes another, the decrease in fertility. While it is well established that female fertility declines significantly with age, current research is showing that male fertility may be impacted just as much. NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is an important biochemical cofactor in most metabolic reactions, and importantly, is it also essential for DNA repair. As age increases in humans, the amount …

Bolstering Southeast Asia's Livestock Biosecurity And Climate Change Resilience Essential For Global Health, Madelyn Kunzler

Student Research Symposium

A large factor of climate change is its effect on infectious zoonotic diseases. Zoonotic diseases are diseases that can be transferred from animals into humans. Cases of zoonotic diseases have increased as humans have interacted more with animals, and as worldwide travel has become more frequent. It is predicted that 60% of emerging human diseases will be zoonotic. The cases will continue to increase to due climate change. As climate change continues, research has shown that new diseases will emerge from the melting permafrost and ice caps. It is also likely that pre-existing diseases will be able to migrate to …

Roles Of Nad+ In Testicular Aging And Epigenetic Sperm Modifications, Renata Hoskova

Student Research Symposium

Since 1980, the average age of first-time fathers has been increasing. With increased age, sperm chromatin quality and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) levels are reduced. In order to condense around protamines, sperm DNA undergoes breaks, at which time epigenetic reprogramming occurs. In humans, about 2% of DNA stays wound to histones in spermatozoa. Histones carry post-translational modifications that control gene activity and have the potential to transmit epigenetic information to the offspring. Analysis of epigenetic sperm modifications is being conducted within niacin deficient versus niacin replete mice. The experimental plan includes the characterization of histone exchange in elongating spermatids via …

Analysis Of The Osteopathology In A Captive-Born Spectacled Bear, Savannah Vaz

Georgia College Student Research Events

Osseous tissue contains the preserved record of an organism’s diseases and injuries that can be uncovered by examination of the present skeletal abnormalities. This study provides a thorough inspection of osteopathology and its etiology in a modern ursid with a known medical history. The skeletal remains of a captive-born spectacled bear (Tremarctos ornatus) were analysed for gross pathologies that manifested during the life of the animal. All observed osteopathologies were correlated with diseases experienced in the life of the individual, most of which were age-related. However, pythiosis, the grounds for his euthanization, may have contributed to some of the pathologies …

Ksu Veterinary Health Center Joins ‘Everybody Counts’ To Serve Community Pets, Katherine Kukanich

Center for Engagement and Community Development

This poster describes the collaborative efforts of the KSU Veterinary Health Center among many other community groups to provide healthcare services to families in need during the Everybody Counts event in Manhattan. At the 2019 Everybody Counts, we provided free veterinary examination, vaccines, de-worming, pet food, and more to over 80 pets in our community. Students directly benefit from hands-on clinical skills as the event, mentored by experienced clinicians while taking a medical history from pet owners, examining pets, drawing blood, or administering vaccinations. More than clinical experience, students learn about the importance of community engagement, listening to concerns of …

Cannibidiol (Cbd) Supplementation In Horses: A Pilot Study, Kiara Jones, Evan Thomas, Shea Porr

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Cannibidiol (CBD) is sold for various uses in humans and animals. Thus far, CBD has not demonstrated effects similar to delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component of marijuana. While some animal species have demonstrated responses to CBD supplementation, published literature on equines is absent. The lack of FDA approval and studies to support claimed benefits make regulating product quality and recommending dosages difficult. The objectives of this project were to: 1) determine dosages that allowed for CBD detection in equine blood; and 2) evaluate time required for the appearance of maximum concentration and half-life of CBD in equine blood. Two …

Comparison Of Immunohistochemistry Methods For Visualization Of Middle Eastern Respiratory Viral Antigen, Elena Carlos

Kansas State University Undergraduate Research Conference

Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS), caused by MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) first appeared in Saudi Arabia in 2012. Although there have been less than 2,400 cases reported, the case fatality rate is 35%. Dromedary camels are the known host animal for the virus. However, they are difficult to manage experimental animals. In a recent study, alpacas proved to be a suitable experimental animal to further characterize MERS-CoV infection. Our work is part of a wider project focused on studying the efficacy of MERS-CoV antigen and RNA labeling in infected alpaca tissues, when these tissues are preserved in novel modular alcohol fixatives …

30-Day Oral Acetaminophen Tolerance In Adult Horses, Sarah E. Foreman

Celebration of Learning

There are no controlled studies of acetaminophen toxicity in horses. The objective was to test the hypotheses that oral acetaminophen administered at a dosage 25% higher than that sometimes used in horses would result in measurable hepatic toxicity as seen in humans and other species. Six healthy adult horses were administered 25 mg/kg acetaminophen powder in corn syrup twice daily for 30 days. Three other horses served as negative controls receiving only corn syrup. Jugular venous blood samples were obtained on days 7 and 1 before treatment; on treatment days 1, 2, 5, 8, 12, 15, 19, 22, 26 and …

Histomonas Elisa, Jessica L Martinez

EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement

Histomonas meleagridis is a protozoan parasite of avians and is the causative agent in Histomonosis, commonly known as Blackhead Disease. Current methods for diagnosing the presence of H. meleagridis are limited to parasite culture or Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to amplify target DNA. This project aims to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for faster and more sensitive diagnosis of Histomonas infections. Cultures of H. meleagridis parasites were purified, and surface antigens were extracted using a spectrum of chemical solutions. The various antigen solutions were subjected to an ELISA, with serum from birds immunized for H. meleagridis as positive controls. …

Grace Peterson Research Colloquium, Emma Pfeiffer

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Mental illness is commonly under-diagnosed, misdiagnosed, or untreated, particularly in the elderly population. An expected population increase for those 65 years and older, increased in health care expenses coupled with the moral and ethical obligation of health care providers to promote quality of life at all ages makes investigation to alternative treatments in this population is worth investigating. The purpose of this literature review is to synthesize existing studies to clarify the following questions: What are the effects of pet therapy on those experiencing signs and symptoms of depression and anxiety? Why is pet therapy still lagging in validated studies, …

Endocrine And Metabolic Effects Of Consuming Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: Preclinical And Clinical Studies", Peter Havel

Science Seminar Series

Peter J. Havel of the School of Veterinary Medicine at UC Davis will speak on his research on Endocrine and Metabolic Effects of Consuming Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: Preclinical and clinical studies at this Science Seminar Series lecture.

Purification And Characterization Of A Fish Granzymea Involved In Cell-Mediated Immunity, Yuta Matsuura, Takeshi Yabu, Hajime Shiba, Teruyuki Nakanishi

2nd International Conference of Fish & Shellfish Immunology

No abstract provided.

Antigen Uptake In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) At Different Life Stages, Louise Von G Jørgensen

2nd International Conference of Fish & Shellfish Immunology

No abstract provided.

Characterization And Functional Analysis Of Interleukin-12 In Amberjack Seriola Dumarili, Megumi Matsumoto Miss, Kyosuke Araki Dr, Kazuma Hayashi Mr, Hiroaki Suetake Dr, Atsushi Yamamoto Dr

2nd International Conference of Fish & Shellfish Immunology

No abstract provided.

Induction Of Cell-Mediated Immune Responses After Vaccination With Inactivated Oil-Emulsion Nocardia Seriolae In Amberjack Seriola Dumerili, Kyosuke Araki, Megumi Matsumoto, Kazuma Hayashi, Atsushi Yamamoto

2nd International Conference of Fish & Shellfish Immunology

No abstract provided.

Induced Inflammation In The Atlantic Salmon Intestine And Epithelial Responses, Håvard Bjørgen, Erling Olaf Koppang, Magne Kaldhusdal, Torfinn Moldal, Ole-Bendik Dale

2nd International Conference of Fish & Shellfish Immunology

No abstract provided.

Simulation Comparison Of Statistical Methods Used In Assessing Vaccine Efficacy In Veterinary Biologics, Kenny Wakeland, Brian Fergen

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

In veterinary biologics, clinical studies conducted to support the licensure of a vaccine generally include a demonstration of efficacy in the species of interest. Typically, these studies are designed to assess a vaccine’s ability to prevent or mitigate clinical disease. Study designs utilize two or more treatment groups, and often incorporate blocking structure restrictions to accommodate animal housing or litter-related effects. When assessing a vaccine’s ability to prevent clinical disease, the prevented fraction (PF), a function of the group proportions of affected animals, is often utilized. Typically the sample size per treatment group is limited, and each block is represented …

The Relationship Between Canine Nasal Length And Second-Hand Smoke Cotinine Levels, Sierra Wilson, Terry Derting

Scholars Week

Second-hand smoke (SHS) has been associated with respiratory cancers in canines, with the predisposed locations determined by the cephalic ratio (head length / head width). Exposure to SHS is frequently measured by analyzing urine or blood samples for the nicotine by-product cotinine. We investigated the suitability of saliva as an alternative source for cotinine analyses in dogs because obtaining saliva is less invasive and cotinine concentrations from SHS exposure are instantaneously measurable in saliva compared to other collection methods. Specifically, we tested for a quantitative relationship between cephalic ratio and the salivary concentration of cotinine. Our null hypothesis was that …

Animal-Assisted Therapy For Military Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Investigation On The Positive Effects Of Attachment And Affiliation Behaviors, Sara Miele

Scholarly and Creative Works Conference (2015 - 2021)

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops in people who have experienced a traumatic event (nimh.nih.gov, 2016). Because PTSD is a chronic disorder, it is associated with impaired quality of life (Stern et al., 2013). A specific population at high risk for developing PTSD is military veterans. It is estimated over half a million military veterans suffer from PTSD (Stern et al., 2013). Although there are psychological services and treatments for veterans, many do not seek help because fear of the negative stigma associated with mental illness (Lanning & Krenek, 2013). Recently, efforts have been made to implement veteran friendly treatment in …

Rabies Vaccination Protocols And Pitfalls, Zenny Ng

Veterinary Partners Appreciation Conference (V-PAC)

No abstract provided.

Chloramphenicol In Horses, Eva Mcelligot

Veterinary Partners Appreciation Conference (V-PAC)

No abstract provided.

Small Animal Bandaging, Erin Wood

Veterinary Partners Appreciation Conference (V-PAC)

No abstract provided.

Rabies, Dog Bites Prevalence, And Legislation, Zenny Ng

Veterinary Partners Appreciation Conference (V-PAC)

No abstract provided.