Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Annotation Of The Protein Coding Regions Of The Equine Genome, Matthew S. Hestand, Theodore S. Kalbfleisch, Stephen J. Coleman, Zheng Zeng, Jinze Liu, Ludovic Orlando, James N. Macleod

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Current gene annotation of the horse genome is largely derived from in silico predictions and cross-species alignments. Only a small number of genes are annotated based on equine EST and mRNA sequences. To expand the number of equine genes annotated from equine experimental evidence, we sequenced mRNA from a pool of forty-three different tissues. From these, we derived the structures of 68,594 transcripts. In addition, we identified 301,829 positions with SNPs or small indels within these transcripts relative to EquCab2. Interestingly, 780 variants extend the open reading frame of the transcript and appear to be small errors in the equine …

In Vitro And In Vivo Evaluation Of Infestation Deterrents Against Lice, Kyong-Sup Yoon, Jennifer K. Ketzis, Samuel W. Andrewes, Christopher S. Wu, Kris Honraet, Dorien Staljanssens, Bart Rossel, J Marshall Clark

SIUE Faculty Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activity

The human head louse is a cosmopolitan ectoparasite and frequently infests many people, particularly school-age children. Due to widespread pyrethroid resistance and the lack of efficient resistance management, there has been a considerable interest in the protection of uninfested people and prevention of reinfestation by disrupting lice transfer. In this study, two nonclinical model systems (in vitro and in vivo) were used to determine the efficacy of the infestation deterrents, Elimax lotion and Elimax shampoo, against human head lice or poultry chewing lice, respectively. With in vitro assessments, female head lice exhibited significantly higher avoidance responses to hair tufts treated …

Animal Health Matters, Russ Daly, Jane Hennings

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

[Page] 1- ADRDL Steps Up in Light of Highly Pathogenic H5N2 Avian Influenza Outbreaks [Page] 2- Director's Message: The SD Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory and Emergency Testing for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza [Page] 3- Pre-Veterinary Students Honored by SDVMA and SDSU Through Stethoscope Ceremony [Page] 4- Clerical Staff Makes Strides in Efficiency and Service [Page] 5- ADRDL Pathologists Team with Veterinarian to Address Cattle Lameness for Livestock Group [Page] 5- Canine Influenza Testing—SDSU ADRDL [Page] 6- ADRDL Hosts Tours for Legislators and State Agency Staff [Page] 6- ADRDL Offers Next Generation Sequencing [Page] 6- ADRDL at the SDVMA …

Secretion Of Heat-Labile Enterotoxin By Porcine-Origin Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli And Relation To Virulence, Prageeth Rukshan Wijemanne

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) is an important virulence factor secreted by some strains of porcine-origin enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (pETEC). The prototypic human-origin strain H10407 secretes LT via a type II secretion system (T2SS), but its presence or importance in pETEC has not been established. Exposure of pETEC to glucose has been shown to result in different secretion levels of LT. Furthermore, the relationship between the level of LT secreted and the virulence potential of the respective pETEC strain has not been established. To determine the relationship between the capacity to secrete LT and virulence in wild-type (WT) pETEC, 16 strains isolated …

Protection Against Mycoplasma Gallisepticum In Layers Immunized With Recombinant Fowl Poxvirus Vaccine Followed By Live F Strain Vaccine, Somsak Pakpinyo, Arithat Limsatanun, Kreangkrai Sangthongdang, Marcelo Paniago, Roberto Soares

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Generally, one administration of either a recombinant fowl poxvirus-Mycoplasma gallisepticum (rFPV-MG) or a live F strain (FMG) vaccine is recommended in layer flocks. This study aimed to assess MG protection when the rFPV-MG and FMG vaccines were given to layers as opposed to a single vaccination with FMG vaccine. One hundred 8-week-old layer chickens were divided into 4 groups as follows: group 1 received FMG at 11 weeks of age, group 2 received rFPV-MG at 8 weeks of age and FMG at 11 weeks of age, groups 3 and 4 served as positive and negative controls, respectively. At 14 weeks …

Fecal Volatile Organic Ccompound Profiles From White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) As Indicators Of Mycobacterium Bovis Exposure Or Mycobacterium Bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin (Bcg) Vaccination, Randal S. Stahl, Christine K. Ellis, Pauline Nol, W. Ray Waters, Kurt C. Vercauteren

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) serve as a reservoir for bovine tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium bovis, and can be a source of infection in cattle. Vaccination with M. bovis Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) is being considered for management of bovine tuberculosis in deer. Presently, no method exists to non-invasively monitor the presence of bovine tuberculosis in deer. In this study, volatile organic compound profiles of BCG-vaccinated and non-vaccinated deer, before and after experimental challenge with M. bovis strain 95–1315, were generated using solid phase microextraction fiber head-space sampling over suspended fecal pellets with analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. …

Use Of Essential Oils For Manipulation Of Rumen Microbial Fermentation Using Batch Culture, Atitthan Nanon, Wisitiporn Suksombat, Zhu Yang Wen

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of various levels of essential oils on feed digestibility, gas production and rumen fermentation. Two batch cultures were designed for screening various doses of each essential oil (EO). Treatments were control (CON), cinnamon oil (CIN), clove oil (CLO), garlic oil (GAR), ginger oil (GIN), and lemongrass oil (LEM). Dosages were 0, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 mg/kg DM in experiment I (1st batch) and 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg DM in experiment II (2nd batch). Digestibility of DM (DMD), neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber was measured at …

Infection Of Thai Influenza A Viruses Subtype H5n1 Using Tracheal Culture, Napawan Bunpapong, Supanat Boonyapisitsopa, Kamol Suwannakarn, Rachod Tantilertchareon, Roongroje Thanawongnuwech, Alongkorn Amonsin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Avian influenza (AI) is caused by influenza A virus subtype H5N1. The virus causes severe disease and death in several avian and mammalian species. This study investigated the ability of swine and chicken tracheal cultures to support highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 (HPAI-H5N1) viral replication. Three Thai HPAI-H5N1 viruses isolated from chicken (A/chicken/Thailand/CU-K2/04), duck (A/duck/Thailand/CU-328/07), and tiger (A/tiger/Thailand /CU-T7/04) were used to infect the swine and chicken tracheal cultures. Our results indicated that the chicken tracheal culture could support virus replication in contrast to the swine tracheal culture, suggesting that pig has low susceptibility to Thai HPAI-H5N1 infection. Immunohistochemical …

Double Dengue Serotypes In Asymptomatic Populations Living In An Area Of Thailand Endemic For Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Veerayuth Kittichai, Methee Sriprapun, Papawin Konklong, Nithita Thonsangin, Jakkrawarn Chompoosri, Apiwat Tawatsin, Usavadee Thavara, Padet Siriyasatien

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Dengue virus infection remains a major health problem worldwide. Understanding dengue infection and characterizing circulating viruses are essential for disease prevention and control as well as vaccine development. In this study, we aimed to identify dengue virus in healthy people living in an area endemic for dengue disease. Blood samples were collected from 52 healthy local subjects living in a dengue-endemic area of Thailand. Viral RNA was detected using a nested reverse transcription polymerase chain (RT-PCR) that amplified the E gene. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method using MEGA6.06. Dengue virus was detected in 5 of 52 samples …

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Efficacy Of Salinomycin, Robenidine And Decoquinate Against Infection With Eimeria Species Field Isolate In A Densely Populated Broiler Farm In Thailand, Morakot Kaewthamasorn, Nataya Charoenvisal, Niwat Chansiripornchai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Avian coccidiosis is caused by intracellular protozoan parasites in the genus Eimeria. It has a significant economic impact on the poultry industry and is highly prevalent in chicken producing countries worldwide. Current control measurements including good animal husbandry, chemoprophylaxis, and vaccination cannot effectively control the disease. It is well understood that parasites repeatedly exposed to the same anticoccidial drug is a major cause of resistance. Therefore, it is critical to monitor parasite response to anticoccidial drugs in different field settings. The aim of this experiment was to investigate responses of a local field isolate of Eimeria species to commonly used …

Cryopreservation Effect On Expression Of Sex Steroid Receptors Of Boar Spermatozoa, Sukanya Manee-In, Panida Chanapiwat, Nawarus Prapaiwan, Kampon Kaeoket, Sayamon Srisuwatanasagul, Atthaporn Roongsitthichai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study aimed to investigate the expressions of estrogen receptor (ER) alpha, ER beta, and progesterone receptor (PR) during semen cryopreservation, to evaluate the correlation among ERa, ERβ, PR, capacitation, acrosome reaction, and semen quality parameters, and to investigate the effect of different concentrations of L-cysteine on the expressions of ERa, ERβ, and PR. Semen samples were collected from 12 boars [Duroc (n = 4), Landrace (n=4), and Large white (n=4)]. The controlled rate-freezing method was used to cryopreserve the semen samples. The samples were collected at different times: fresh semen, after adding ModenaTM, after adding extender II (TE2), after …

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns And Flaa Genotypes Of Campylobacter Jejuni Isolated From Contracted Broiler Farms In Eastern Thailand, Petcharatt Charununtakorn, Sakaoporn Prachantasena, Taradon Luangtongkum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The increasing incidence of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter has become a major public health concern. Since little is known about antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter isolated from contracted broiler farms, the major type of farm that produces chicken meat for domestic consumption in Thailand, the objective of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns and genotypes of Campylobacter isolated from contracted broiler farms where antibiotics were routinely used in their production. Sixty-nine Campylobacter jejuni isolates from cloacal swabs of chickens reared in 2 small contracted broiler farms in eastern Thailand were tested for their susceptibility to 5 antimicrobial agents by …

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Saikaew Sutayatram

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Pcso-524 On Oa Biomarkers And Weight-Bearing Properties In Canine Shoulder And Coxofemeral Osteoarthritis, Kumpanart Soontornvipart, Natwadee Mongkhon, Korakot Nganvongpanit, Prachya Kongtawelert

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study was designed to compare the therapeutic benefits of a compound of omega-3 fatty acids from the New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) (PCSO-524) and omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil on clinical outcomes and osteoarthritis biomarkers (chondroitin sulfate WF6 epitope) in 66 dogs that had osteoarthritis (OA); 39 dogs with OA hip joints, 15 dogs with OA shoulder joints and 12 dogs with OA shoulder and hip joints. The animals were presented at the Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University. The dogs were allocated into two groups randomly. One group received PCSO-524 (n = 33) …

Effects Of Vitamin D3 And Calcium On Productive Performance, Egg Quality And Vitamin D3 Content In Egg Of Second Production Cycle Hens, Hatairat Plaimast, Suwanna Kijparkorn, Punyaphat Ittitanawong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementary vitamin D3 on productive performance, internal egg quality, eggshell quality, apparent calcium digestibility and vitamin D3 content in egg of second production cycle hens fed on different levels of calcium. A total of 140 second cycle brown-egg laying hens, aged 98 weeks, were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 4 replicates. The treatments consisted of diets containing 3.5%Ca and 2,000 IU of vitamin D3/kg of feed (control), 3.5%Ca and 6,000 IU of vitamin D3/kg of feed (treatment 2), 3.75%Ca and 2,000 IU of vitamin D3/kg of feed (treatment 3), 3.75%Ca …

Analysis Of Virulence Genes And Pathogenicity Of Thai Mycoplasma Gallisepticum Isolates, Pacharaporn Khumpim, Rapeewan Tampaisarn, Jiroj Sasipreeyajan, Somsak Pakpinyo

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) causes chronic respiratory disease in poultry. MG organisms consist of several virulence genes which are related to infection. The aim of this study was to analyze the virulence genes and determine the pathogenicity of Thai MG isolates. In this study, there were 3 experiments; nineteen MG isolates; and 2 reference strains, F and S6 strains, analyzed to detect 4 virulence genes (LP, gapA, pvpA and mgc2) by PCR assay (experiment 1). The pathogenicity study of sham negative control group, S6 strain, 3 selected isolates (AHRL 31/46, 54/46 and 58/46) and F strain, respectively, were inoculated into 6 …

Genetic Correlations Among Average Daily Gain, Backfat Thickness And Sow Longevity In Landrace And Yorkshire Sows, Nuttha Wongsakajornkit, Nalinee Imboonta

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The present study aimed to estimate heritabilities as well as genetic correlations of sow longevity with average daily gain and backfat thickness. Removed sows included in the current study were 1,706 Landrace sows and 1,159 Yorkshire sows. They were raised in a Thai swine breeding herd and removed in the 2008-2013 period. Sow longevity was defined as the number of days from first farrowing date to removal date. Genetic parameters were estimated by using the Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) method with a multiple-trait animal model. On average, the sow longevity, average daily gain and backfat thickness were 633 days, 863 …

Effect Of Various Combinations Of Sugar Supplementation In The Extender On Frozen-Thawed Ram Semen Quality And Fertility, Saritvich Panyaboriban, Junpen Suwimonteerabutr, Nawapen Phutikanit, Theerawat Swangchan-Uthai, Theerawat Tharasanit, Mongkol Techakumphu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Semen cryopreservation alters sperm structure and biochemical properties, and subsequently impairs fertilizing ability. A combination of two different sugar molecules revealed an enhanced beneficial effect on frozen-thawed spermatozoa of various species. However, the report in ram has been scarce. The present study investigated the effect of different combinations of sugar supplementation on post-thawed ram semen qualities in a cryopreservative extender in the presence of a single sugar or a combination of sugars. Data showed that a combination of sucrose and trehalose significantly improved cryopreserved sperm motility, viability, longevity and acrosome integrity. Fertility rates following laparoscopic artificial insemination (LAI) using frozen-thawed …

Electrolyte And Ascorbic Acid Supplementation For Heat Exposed Broilers In Thailand, Chackrit Nuengjamnong, Kris Angkanaporn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of ascorbic acid and mixed electrolytes on growth performance, ammonia emission and serum antioxidant enzyme activity in broilers during summer period. Two hundred and ten male and female Arbor Acre broilers during grower-finisher period (22-42 days old) were allocated into 3 groups with different additives in drinking water: 1,000 ppm ascorbic acid (T1); 2,000 ppm mixed electrolytes containing only Na+, K+ and HCO3- (T2) and none (T3 serving as control group). The experiment was conducted in an open broiler house during the summer period between April and May. Results indicated …

Inhibitory Effects Of Aluminosilicates On Lead Acetate Toxicity In Selected Organs Of Broilers, Dejan Prvulović, Danijela Kojić, Milan Popović, Gordana Grubor-Lajšić

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplements of lead acetate and aluminosilicates on oxidative status in brain, kidney and duodenum of broiler chickens. In this regard, activity of antioxidative enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPx), pyrogallol peroxidase (PPx) and lipid peroxidation was determined in examined organs. The experiment was performed with eighty-four broiler chickens of both sexes randomly allotted to four diets including the control group, the Pb group containing 500 mg lead acetate/kg diet, the ATN (Antitoxic nutrient) group with 5 g mixture of aluminosilicates (zeolite and montmorillonite)/kg …

Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Escherichia Coli Isolated From Infected Canines, Parama Hanhaboon, Thachawet Kimprasit, Worrawit Wajjwalku, Patamabhorn Amavisit

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Escherichia coli strains from dogs with different clinical signs were studied for their antimicrobial sensitivity profiles, extended spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes, and virulent genes. The 364 E. coli isolates originated from the skin (32.48%), urinary tract (31.32%), gastrointestinal tract (16.21%), reproductive system (7.69%), ear (6.05%), respiratory tract (4.94%), and other specimens (1.37%). Using the disk diffusion method, the E. coli were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, azithromycin, cephalexin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim at the rates of 84, 36, 41, 57, 38, 66, 73, 70, 64, 47, and 64%, respectively. Ninety-seven E. coli that were resistant to two …

Postparturient Administration Of Prostaglandin F2 Alpha Facilitates Weaning-To-Service Interval In Primiparous Sows, Atthaporn Roongsitthichai, Padet Tummaruk, Nutthee Am-In

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of exogenous prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α) administration on weaning-to-service interval (WSI) in primiparous sows. A total of 149 primiparous sows, 74 control and 75 treatment sows, were included in the study. The latter sows were intramuscularly injected with PGF2α approximately at 24-48 h after parturition. Results revealed that those treated with PGF2α returned to be in estrus significantly faster than those in the control group (2.6±1.1 vs 4.5±2.1 days, p<0.05), while age at first mating, pregnancy rate, and age at first farrowing were not different from each other. In conclusion, PGF2α could shorten WSI in the primiparous sows as it could induce complete luteolysis and promote uterine involution, resulting in declined non-productive days of the commercial breeding herds.

Histopathological And Immunohistochemical Characterization Of Spontaneous Uterine Leiomyomas In Two Captive Asian Elephants, Kidsadagon Pringproa, Hiroo Madarame, Jiraporn Sritun, Pitikarn Bumpenpol, Paninee Pedsri, Chalermchart Somgird, Chatchote Thitaram

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Two captive female Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in Thailand were euthanatized after prolonged recumbency, weakness, and unresponsive treatment. Necropsy revealed multinodular masses of 5-10 cm in diameter which were irregular, large, white and firm in consistency scattered throughout the uterine horns and uteri of both the elephants. Histologically, the tumors displayed mildly pleomorphic, spindle-shaped cells arranged in interlacing pattern interpreted as muscle bundles. The bundles of the muscle cells were interspersed by small amounts of collagen fibers and blood vessels. For immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells showed diffuse positivity for vimentin, desmin, and smooth muscle actin. Based on the pathological results, …

Efficacy Of Autologous Serum As An Adjunct Treatment For A Melting Corneal Ulcer In A Captive Asian Elephant, Thittaya Janyamethakul, Prasit Moleechat, Rinku Gohain, Chalermchat Somgird, Pornsawan Pongsopavijit, Boontarikaan Wititkornkul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This is the first case report on the use of autologous serum as an adjunct to successfully treat a melting corneal ulcer in a captive Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). A 40-year-old female Asian elephant was presented with epiphora of the right eye. It had already received treatment for 3 weeks, but had not responded to conventional treatment with antibiotics and analgesic eye drops. Upon examination, a melting corneal ulcer was found. The elephant received a combined treatment that included autologous serum twice a day for 79 days in addition to antibiotic, antifungal and analgesic drugs administered topically. After just 19 …

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Nan Choisunirachon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

The First Shared Online Curriculum Resources For Veterinary Undergraduate Learning And Teaching In Animal Welfare And Ethics In Australia And New Zealand, Jane Johnson, Teresa Collins, Chris Degeling, Anne Fawcett, Andrew D. Fisher, Rafael Freire, Susan J. Hazel, Jennifer Hood, Jennifer K.F. Lloyd, Clive J.C. Phillips, Kevin J. Stafford

Professional Veterinary Ethics Collection

The need for undergraduate teaching of Animal Welfare and Ethics (AWE) in Australian and New Zealand veterinary courses reflects increasing community concerns and expectations about AWE; global pressures regarding food security and sustainability; the demands of veterinary accreditation; and fears that, unless students encounter AWE as part of their formal education, as veterinarians they will be relatively unaware of the discipline of animal welfare science. To address this need we are developing online resources to ensure Australian and New Zealand veterinary graduates have the knowledge, and the research, communication and critical reasoning skills, to fulfill the AWE role demanded of …

La Souffrance Animale À Distance: Des Vétérinaires Dans L’Action Humanitaire, Frédéric Keck, Miriam Ticktin

Publications and Research

Résumé

Cet article étudie le rôle des vétérinaires dans l’humanitaire à partir de deux types de pratique : la défense des animaux contre la cruauté et la surveillance des animaux touchés par les épidémies. En suivant l’extension de l’action humanitaire aux animaux comme nouvelles figures de victimes innocentes, nous cherchons à dépasser l’approche compassionnelle de l’humanitaire pour étudier les nouvelles formes scientifiques impliquant des non-humains, comme la médecine vétérinaire légale, les neurosciences et l’immunologie. Nous soutenons finalement que ces sciences produisent de nouveaux collectifs d’humains et de non-humains.

Abstract

This article traces the role of veterinarians in humanitarian action, focusing …

A Critical Review Of Postoperative Use Of Metacam In Cats, Naomi S. Leung

Undergraduate University Honors Capstones

Metacam®, or meloxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) known for its suppression of pain and inflammation, was developed in 1993 and approved first for humans and dogs after clinical trials showed minor adverse effects on their kidney functions. NSAIDs in general work by blocking the actions of two enzymes called cyclo-oxygenase-1 (cox-1), responsible for the production of prostaglandins that produces protective gastrointestinal mucus, and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (cox-2), responsible for the production of prostaglandins (lipid compounds) that initiates inflammation and pain in the body. Metacam® blocks one of these enzymes, cox-2, causing the inflammation to decrease subsequently without disturbing gastrointestinal mucus. In …