Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Inter-Rater Reliability, Intra-Rater Reliability And Internal Consistency Of The Brisbane Evidence-Based Language Test, Alexia Rohde, Molly Mccracken, Linda Worrall, Anna Farrell, Robyn O'Halloran, Erin Godecke, Michael David, Suhail A. Doi

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose: To examine the inter-rater reliability, intra-rater reliability, internal consistency and practice effects associated with a new test, the Brisbane Evidence-Based Language Test. Methods: Reliability estimates were obtained in a repeated-measures design through analysis of clinician video ratings of stroke participants completing the Brisbane Evidence-Based Language Test. Inter-rater reliability was determined by comparing 15 independent clinicians’ scores of 15 randomly selected videos. Intra-rater reliability was determined by comparing two clinicians’ scores of 35 videos when re-scored after a two-week interval. Results: Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis demonstrated almost perfect inter-rater reliability (0.995; 95% confidence interval: 0.990–0.998), intra-rater reliability (0.994; 95% …

Development And Diagnostic Validation Of The Brisbane Evidence-Based Language Test, Alexia Rohde, Suhail A. Doi, Linda Worrall, Erin Godecke, Anna Farrell, Robyn O'Halloran, Molly Mccracken, Nadin Lawson, Rebecca Cremer, Andrew Wong

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose:

To describe the development and determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Brisbane Evidence-Based Language Test in detecting aphasia. Methods: Consecutive acute stroke admissions (n = 100; mean = 66.49y) participated in a single (assessor) blinded cross-sectional study. Index assessment was the ∼ 45 min Brisbane Evidence-Based Language Test. The Brisbane Evidence-Based Language Test is further divided into four 15–25 min Short Tests: two Foundation Tests (severe impairment), Standard (moderate) and High Level Test (mild). Independent reference standard included the Language Screening Test, Aphasia Screening Test, Comprehensive Aphasia Test and/or Measure for Cognitive-Linguistic Abilities, treating team diagnosis and aphasia referral …

Developing A Community Rehabilitation And Lifestyle Service For A Remote Indigenous Community, Alice Cairns, Lynore Geia, Sylvia Kris, Elizabeth Armstrong, Amy O’Hara, Danielle Rodda, Robyn Mcdermott, Ruth Barker

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose

Community rehabilitation is an essential health service that is often not available to remote Australians. This paper describes the first cycle of a collaborative project, between local community members, allied health professionals and a university, to co-design a community rehabilitation and lifestyle service to support adults and older people to stay strong and age well in place.

Methods

An action research framework was used to develop the service for adults in two remote communities, one being a discrete Aboriginal community. The first cycle involved planning for, and trialling of a service, with observations, reflections and feedback from clients, community …

Exercise Intervention And Sexual Function In Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Randomised Controlled Trial, Daniel A. Galvão, Dennis R. Taaffe, Suzanne K. Chambers, Ciaran M. Fairman, Nigel Spry, David Joseph, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. Objectives: Treatments for prostate cancer such as androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), surgery and radiation therapy can adversely affect sexual, urinary and bowel function. Preliminary research has demonstrated the efficacy of exercise to preserve sexual function in men with localised prostate cancer receiving ADT, though this has yet to be investigated in a metastatic setting. We examined the effects of a 12-week exercise programme comprising resistance, aerobic and flexibility training on sexual health and function in men with advanced prostate …

Associations Of Fat And Muscle Mass With Overall Survival In Men With Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis, Pedro Lopez, Robert U. Newton, Dennis R. Taaffe, Favil Singh, Laurien M. Buffart, Nigel Spry, Colin Tang, Fred Saad, Daniel A. Galvao

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background

To systematically review and analyse the associations between fat and muscle mass measures with overall survival in men with prostate cancer.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted in CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases from inception to December 2020, while abstracts from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Clinical Oncology Society of Australia (COSA), and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) conferences were searched from 2014 to 2020. Eligible articles examined the association of body composition measures, such as fat mass (e.g., fat mass, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and …

Identifying Key Elements To Assess Patient’S Acceptability Of Neurorehabilitation In Stroke Survivors–A Delphi Method, Manonita Ghosh, Kaoru Nosaka, Lisa Whitehead, Kazunori Nosaka

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose:

Assessing patient acceptability of treatment is a clinical concern. No guidance exists to determine the best way to measure acceptability in stroke neurorehabilitation. This study identifies key elements to measure patient’s acceptance of stroke neurorehabilitation by establishing expert consensus.

Materials and methods:

A four-phase Delphi method with a three-round electronic-based survey was conducted. Experts were considered as stroke survivors or their caregivers and professionals in stroke neurorehabilitation. A twenty-five-item list was sourced from a literature review and discussion with a consumer panel (n = 22). In Round-1 (n = 118) and Round-2 (n = 80), experts …

Independent And Interactive Associations Of Dietary Nitrate And Salt Intake With Blood Pressure And Cognitive Function: A Cross-Sectional Analysis In The Inchianti Study, Andrea M. Mcgrattan, Blossom C. M. Stephan, Oliver M. Shannon, Mohsen Mazidi, Mark Gilchrist, Miranda Smallwood, Paul Winyard, Nicholas Mcmahon, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Devi Mohan, Stefania Bandinelli, Louise Robinson, Luigi Ferrucci, Mario Siervo

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Blood pressure (BP) control is a key target for interventions to reduce cognitive decline. This cross-sectional study explored associations between objective (24-hour urine excretion) and subjective (food frequency questionnaire [FFQ]) measures of dietary sodium and nitrate intakes with cognitive function and resting BP in the InCHIANTI cohort. Baseline data from 989 participants aged >50 years were included. In fully adjusted models, participants with concurrent high nitrate and low sodium (Odds Ratio (OR)=0.49, 95%CI 0.32–0.76, p = 0.001) and high nitrate and high sodium (OR = 0.49, 95%CI 0.32–0.77, p = 0.002) 24-hour urinary concentrations had lower odds of high BP …

The Use Of Complementary Medicine During Childbearing Years: A Multi-Country Study Of Women From The Middle East, Diana Arabiat, Lisa Whitehead, Samia Gaballah, Nazi Nejat, Ebtehal Galal, Eman Abu Sabah, Nazek Smadi, Inas Saadeh, Randa Khlaif

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The prevalence of self-prescribed complementary medicine (CM) use is an area of concern across the Middle East. We conducted a descriptive qualitative study to describe women’s use of CM during their childbearing years in Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and Iran. The study conducted using face to face audio-recorded interviews with 70 participants. Our findings showed that women used several herbal plants to ease pain and discomfort during menstruation and/or during pregnancy and in postpartum care. Acupuncture, meditation, and massage were less likely to be used by women. The impact of CM was often described in relation to perceived usefulness and …

Myokine Expression And Tumor-Suppressive Effect Of Serum Following 12 Weeks Of Exercise In Prostate Cancer Patients On Adt, Jin-Soo Kim, Rebekah Louise Wilson, Dennis Taaffe, Daniel A. Galvao, Elin S. Gray, Robert Newton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose:

Although several mechanisms have been proposed for the tumor-suppressive effect of exercise, little attention has been given to myokines, even though skeletal muscle is heavily recruited during exercise resulting in myokine surges. We measured resting serum myokine levels before and after an exercise-based intervention and the effect of this serum on prostate cancer cell growth.

Methods:

Ten prostate cancer patients undertaking androgen deprivation therapy (age, 73.3 ± 5.6 yr) undertook a 12-wk exercise-based intervention including supervised resistance training, self-directed aerobic exercise, and protein supplementation. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and muscle strength by the one-repetition maximum …

The Association Between An Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index And Inflammation In Rural And Urban Black South Africans, Maylene Ferreira, H. Toinét Cronjé, Tertia Van Zyl, Nicola P. Bondonno, Marlien Pieters

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objective:

To quantify the inflammatory potential of the diet of rural and urban Black South Africans using an adapted energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (AE-DII) and to investigate its relationship with inflammatory and cardio-metabolic disease risk markers. Dietary inflammatory potential has not been investigated in African populations.

Design:

Cross-sectional investigation.

Setting:

Rural and urban sites in the North West province of South Africa.

Participants:

1,885 randomly selected, apparently healthy Black South Africans older than 30 years.

Results:

AE-DII scores ranged from -3.71 to +5.08 with a mean of +0.37. AE-DII scores were significantly higher in men (0.47±1.19) than in women (0.32±1.29), …

Urinary Metabotype Of Severe Asthma Evidences Decreased Carnitine Metabolism Independent Of Oral Corticosteroid Treatment In The U-Biopred Study, Stacey N. Reinke, Shama Naz, Romanas Chaleckis, Hector Gallart-Ayala, Johan Kolmert, Nazanin Z. Kermani, Angelica Tiotiu, David I. Broadhurst, Anders Lundqvist, Henric Olsson, Marika Strom, Asa M. Wheelock, Cristina Gómez, Magnus Ericsson, Ana R. Sousa, John H. Riley, Stewart Bates, James Scholfield, Matthew Loza, Frederic Baribaud, Per S. Bakke, Massimo Caruso, Pascal Chanez, Stephen J. Fowler, Thomas Geiser, Peter Howarth, Ildiko Horvath, Norbert Krug, Paolo Montuschi, Annelie Behndig, Florian Singer, Jacek Musial, Dominick E. Shaw, Barbro Dahlén, Sile Hu, Jessica Lasky-Su, Peter J. Sterk, Kian Fan Chung, Ratko Djukanovic, Sven Erik Dahlé, Ian M. Adcock, Craig E. Wheelock

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction: Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with poorly defined phenotypes. Severe asthmatics often receive multiple treatments including oral corticosteroids (OCS). Treatment may modify the observed metabotype, rendering it challenging to investigate underlying disease mechanisms. Here, we aimed to identify dysregulated metabolic processes in relation to asthma severity and medication. Methods: Baseline urine was collected prospectively from healthy participants (n=100), mild-to-moderate asthmatics (n=87) and severe asthmatics (n=418) in the cross-sectional U-BIOPRED cohort; 12–18-month longitudinal samples were collected from severe asthmatics (n=305). Metabolomics data were acquired using high-resolution mass spectrometry and analysed using univariate and multivariate methods. Results: Ninety metabolites were identified, …

It Cannot Happen, Never: A Qualitative Study Exploring Youth Views On Disclosure Of Hiv Diagnosis To Their Sexual Partners In Southern Malawi, Maggie Zgambo, Diana Arabiat, Deborah M. Ireson Dr

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

With the availability of antiretroviral therapy, more children living with HIV live longer than before and grow into young adulthood. This study examined the concerns of youth about disclosure of an HIV diagnosis to their sexual partners and attempted to gain an understanding of their HIV status disclosure experiences, views, and plans. A focused ethnography was undertaken. Using semi-structured interviews, data were collected from 20 youth between the ages of 15 and 24 years who were attending an HIV clinic. The findings highlight that youth generally struggled to disclose their HIV status to their sexual partners. The most frequent reasons …

Experiences Of Western Australian Rural Nursing Graduates: A Mixed Method Analysis, Amanda C. Graf, Barbara Nattabi, Elisabeth Jacob, Diane Twigg

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Aims and objectives:

To determine whether the current rural graduate programmes in Western Australia adequately support new graduate nurses transitioning into practice.

Background:

Graduate nurse's transition to employment is a time of significant change and challenge, often resulting in periods of transition shock. These challenges are magnified in rural areas where graduates have to relocate to commence their career with limited rural nursing experience. Graduate programmes were developed to smooth the transition for university trained bachelor's degree registered nurses into the workforce. Supportive graduate nursing programmes are essential for enabling transition to practice and reduce attrition rates.

Design:

Longitudinal convergent …

Does Androgen Deprivation Impact Associations Between Cognition And Strength, Fitness And Function In Community-Dwelling Men With Prostate Cancer? A Cross-Sectional Study, Niamh L. Mundell, Patrick J. Owen, Jack Dalla Via, Helen Macpherson, Robin M. Daly, Steve F. Fraser

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objectives:

We investigated whether there were differences in associations between cognition with muscle strength, fitness and function in men with prostate cancer (PCa) treated with, and without androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and non-PCa controls. A secondary aim was to compare differences in the prevalence of cognitive impairment.

Design:

This cross-sectional study compared 70 ADT-treated men with PCa aged 50-85 years to non-ADT-treated men (n=52) and non-PCa controls (n=70).

Setting:

University clinical exercise laboratory.

Interventions:

Nil.

Primary and secondary outcome measures:

Standardised assessments were conducted for cognition (learning, memory, attention, processing speed and executive function), muscle strength (grip strength and leg …

Concurrent Achilles Tendon Vibration And Tibial Nerve Stimulation To Estimate Persistent Inward Current Strength In Motoneurons, Denis César Leite Vieira, Amilton Vieira, Matheus Avelino Dos Santos, Rafael Rodrigues Da Cunha, Victor Lage, Anthony J. Blazevich, Martim Bottaro

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Vibratory (Tvib) and sustained (Tsust) torque responses to concurrent Achilles tendon vibration and neuromuscular electrical stimulation applied over the muscle belly (vib+stim) are used as indicators of motoneuron facilitation and, theoretically, persistent inward current strength. However, neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) applied to the nerve trunk may potentiate motoneuronal excitability more than muscle belly NMES, yet it remains unclear whether NMES applied over the nerve evokes robust Tvib and Tsust responses when used during the vib+stim protocol. This study tested whether a nerve-targeted vib+stim protocol elicits Tvib and Tsust responses in the ankle plantar flexors with acceptable intra- and inter-session reliability. …

The Impact Of Critical Incidents On Nurses And Midwives: A Systematic Review, Melanie Buhlmann, Beverley Ewens, Amineh Rashidi

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Aims: To synthesise the existing literature, which focuses on the impact of critical incidents on nurses and midwives, and to explore their experiences related to the support they received in the current healthcare environment to move on from the event.

Design: Systematic review and qualitative synthesis.

Data sources: The electronic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Embase and Nursing and Allied Health (ProQuest) were systematically searched from 2013–2018, and core authors and journals identified in the literature were manually investigated.

Review methods: Qualitative studies of all research design types written in English were included according to the PRISMA reporting guidelines. The …

Reflecting On Experiences Of Care: An Exploratory Qualitative Descriptive Study Of The Perspectives Of Stroke Survivors, Families And Staff, Caroline Bulsara, Rosemary Saunders, Laura Emery, Christopher Etherton-Beer

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objective:

The aim of this study was to identify barriers and enablers from the perspectives of stroke survivors, carers and staff to understand the experiences of care.

Design:

The study used a qualitative descriptive methodology and employed semistructured interview technique.

Setting:

A metropolitan stroke rehabilitation unit in Western Australia providing rehabilitation services for inpatients and outpatients.

Participants:

Overall, 10 participants (four staff, four stroke survivors and two primary carers) were interviewed. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results:

Experiences of care focused on lack of time, urgency to regain mobility, postshock recovery, uncertainty about the future and the importance of …

Design And Development Of A Mobile Health (Mhealth) Platform For Dementia Prevention In The Prevention Of Dementia By Mobile Phone Applications (Prodemos) Project, Melanie Hafdi, Esmé Eggink, Marieke P. Hoevenaar-Blom, M. Patrick Witvliet, Sandrine Andrieu, Linda Barnes, Carol Brayne, Rachael Brooks, Nicola Coley, Jean Georges, Abraham Van Der Groep, Harm Van Marwijk, Mark Van Der Meijden, Libin Song, Manshu Song, Youxin Wang, Wenzhi Wang, Wei Wang, Anders Wimo, Xiaoyan Ye, Eric P. Moll Van Charante, Edo Richard, Prodemos Consortium

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

Mobile health (mHealth) has the potential to bring preventive healthcare within reach of populations with limited access to preventive services, by delivering personalized support at low cost. Although numerous mHealth interventions are available, very few have been developed following an evidence-based rationale or have been tested for efficacy. This article describes the systematic development of a coach-supported mHealth application to improve healthy lifestyles for the prevention of dementia and cardiovascular disease in the United Kingdom (UK) and China.

Methods:

Development of the Prevention of Dementia by Mobile Phone applications (PRODEMOS) platform built upon the experiences with the Healthy Aging …

Lipocalin-2 Variants And Their Relationship With Cardio-Renal Risk Factors, Dahui Li, Haoyun Li, Carlie Bauer, Yue Hu, Joshua R. Lewis, Aimin Xu, Itamar Levinger, Yu Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objectives:

To investigate the serum, plasma and urine levels of lipocalin-2 (LCN2) variants in healthy humans and their associations with risk factors for cardiometabolic (CMD) and chronic kidney (CKD) diseases.

Methods:

Fifty-nine males and 41 females participated in the study. Blood and urine were collected following an overnight fasting. LCN2 variants were analyzed using validated in-house ELISA kits. Heart rate, blood pressure, lipids profile, glucose, adiponectin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), creatinine, cystatin C, and biomarkers for kidney function were assessed.

Results:

The levels of hLcn2, C87A and R81E in serum and urine, but not plasma, were significantly higher in men …

How Community Participation In Water And Sanitation Interventions Impacts Human Health, Wash Infrastructure And Service Longevity In Low-Income And Middle-Income Countries: A Realist Review, Sarah Nelson, Dorothy Drabarek, Aaron Jenkins, Joel Negin, Seye Abimbola

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objective:

To understand how, and under what circumstances community participation in water and sanitation interventions impacts the availability of safe water and sanitation, a change in health status or behaviour and the longevity of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) resources and services.

Design:

Realist review.

Data sources:

PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were used to identify papers from low-income and middle-income countries from 2010 to 2020.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies:

Criteria were developed for papers to be included. The contribution of each paper was assessed based on its relevance and rigour (eg, can it contribute to context, …

Using Imputation To Provide Harmonized Longitudinal Measures Of Cognition Across Aibl And Adni, Rosita Shishegar, Timothy Cox, David Rolls, Pierrick Bourgeat, Vincent Doré, Fiona Lamb, Joanne Robertson, Simon M. Laws, Tenielle Porter, Jurgen Fripp, Duygu Tosun, Paul Maruff, Greg Savage, Christopher C. Rowe, Colin L. Masters, Michael W. Weiner, Victor L. Villemagne, Samantha C. Burnham

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

To improve understanding of Alzheimer’s disease, large observational studies are needed to increase power for more nuanced analyses. Combining data across existing observational studies represents one solution. However, the disparity of such datasets makes this a non-trivial task. Here, a machine learning approach was applied to impute longitudinal neuropsychological test scores across two observational studies, namely the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle Study (AIBL) and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) providing an overall harmonised dataset. MissForest, a machine learning algorithm, capitalises on the underlying structure and relationships of data to impute test scores not measured in one study aligning …

“Coronavirus Changed The Rules On Everything”: Parent Perspectives On How The Covid‐19 Pandemic Influenced Family Routines, Relationships And Technology Use In Families With Infants, Rebecca Hood, Juliana Zabatiero, Desiree Silva, Stephen R. Zubrick, Leon Straker

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study explores how the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic influenced family routines, relationships and technology use (smartphones and tablet computers) among families with infants. Infancy is known to be an important period for attachment security and future child development, and a time of being susceptible to changes within and outside of the family unit. A qualitative design using convenience sampling was employed. A total of 30 mothers in Perth, Western Australia participated in semi‐structured interviews by audio or video call. All mothers were parents of infants aged 9 to 15 months old. Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed, and …

Higher Habitual Flavonoid Intakes Are Associated With A Lower Risk Of Peripheral Artery Disease Hospitalizations, Nicola P. Bondonno, Kevin Murray, Aedin Cassidy, Catherine P. Bondonno, Joshua Lewis, Kevin D. Croft, Cecilie Kyro, Gunnar Gislason, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Augustin Scalbert, Anne Tjonneland, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Frederik Dalgaard

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background

The role of nutrition in the primary prevention of peripheral artery disease (PAD), the third leading cause of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, is undetermined. Flavonoids may attenuate atherosclerosis and therefore persons who consume flavonoid-rich foods may have a lower risk of developing PAD.

Objectives

We aimed to examine the association between flavonoid intake and PAD hospitalizations and investigate if the association differs according to established risk factors for PAD.

Methods

Baseline data from 55,647 participants of the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study without PAD, recruited from 1993 to 1997, were cross-linked with Danish nationwide registries. Flavonoid intake was calculated …

A Multifaceted Approach Increased Staff Confidence To Develop Outside Of School Hours Care As A Health Promoting Setting, Karen Forde, Leesa Costello, Amanda Devine, Ros Sambell, Ruth Wallace

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

Outside-of-school-hours-care (OSHC) services are well positioned to influence the health behaviours of 489, 800 Australian children, and are an important setting for health promotion given the current rates of childhood overweight and obesity and associated health risks. OSHC Professionals are ideally placed to become positive influencers in this setting, although they may require training and support to confidently perform this role. This study piloted a multifaceted intervention strategy to increase OSHC Professional’s confidence and competencies, to support a health promoting OSHC environment with a nutrition and physical activity focus.

Methods:

A mixed methods approach was used. Nineteen OSHC Professionals …

Abnormal Synergistic Gait Mitigation In Acute Stroke Using An Innovative Ankle–Knee–Hip Interlimb Humanoid Robot: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial, Chanhee Park, Mooyeon Oh-Park, Amy Bialek, Kathleen Friel, Dylan Edwards, Joshua Sung H. You

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Abnormal spasticity and associated synergistic patterns are the most common neuromuscular impairments affecting ankle–knee–hip interlimb coordinated gait kinematics and kinetics in patients with hemiparetic stroke. Although patients with hemiparetic stroke undergo various treatments to improve gait and movement, it remains unknown how spasticity and associated synergistic patterns change after robot-assisted and conventional treatment. We developed an innovative ankle–knee–hip interlimb coordinated humanoid robot (ICT) to mitigate abnormal spasticity and synergistic patterns. The objective of the preliminary clinical trial was to compare the effects of ICT combined with conventional physical therapy (ICT-C) and conventional physical therapy and gait training (CPT-G) on abnormal …

Analysis Of Circulating Tumour Cells In Early-Stage Uveal Melanoma: Evaluation Of Tumour Marker Expression To Increase Capture, Aaron B. Beasley, Timothy W. Isaacs, Tersia Vermeulen, James Freeman, Jean-Louis De Sousa, Riyaz Bhikoo, Doireann Hennessy, Anna Reid, Fred K. Chen, Jacqueline Bentel, Daniel Mckay, R. Max Conway, Michelle R. Pereira, Bob Mirzai, Leslie Calapre, Wendy N. Erber, Melanie R. Ziman, Elin S. Gray

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

The stratification of uveal melanoma (UM) patients into prognostic groups is critical for patient management and for directing patients towards clinical trials. Current classification is based on clinicopathological and molecular features of the tumour. Analysis of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) has been proposed as a tool to avoid invasive biopsy of the primary tumour. However, the clinical utility of such liquid biopsy depends on the detection rate of CTCs.

Methods:

The expression of melanoma, melanocyte, and stem cell markers was tested in a primary tissue microarray (TMA) and UM cell lines. Markers found to be highly expressed in primary …

Host Defence Peptides In Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients With Periodontal Disease. A Systematic Review, Muhammad Saad Shaikh, Muhammad Sohail Zafar, Farhan Saleem, Ahmad Alnazzawi, Mohid Abrar Lone, Syed Jawad Ali Bukhari, Zohaib Khurshid

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The aim of the study was to critically assess and review the latest evidence relating the associations between host defence peptides (HDPs), periodontal diseases (PD) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). To explore studies on HDPs, periodontal disease, and DM2, researchers utilised specific key phrases to search the electronic databases PubMed (National Library of Medicine), Embase (Ovid), Medline (EBSCO), and Dentistry and Oral Sciences (EBSCO). Quality assessment was conducted by means of the Newcastle Ottawa scale and the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) tool. Following a thorough screening process, a total of 12 papers (4 case‐control, 6 …

Multi-Marker Immunofluorescent Staining And Pd-L1 Detection On Circulating Tumour Cells From Ovarian Cancer Patients, Du-Bois Asante, Michael Morici, Ganendra R. K. A. Mohan, Emmanuel Acheampong, Isaac Spencer, Weitao Lin, Paula Van Miert, Samantha Gibson, Aaron B. Beasley, Melanie Ziman, Leslie Calapre, Tarek M. Meniawy, Elin S. Gray

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Detection of ovarian cancer (OC) circulating tumour cells (CTCs) is primarily based on targeting epithelial markers, thus failing to detect mesenchymal tumour cells. More importantly, the immune checkpoint inhibitor marker PD-L1 has not been demonstrated on CTCs from OC patients. An antibody staining protocol was developed and tested using SKOV-3 and OVCA432 OC cell lines. We targeted epithelial (cytokeratin (CK) and EpCAM), mesenchymal (vimentin), and OC-specific (PAX8) markers for detection of CTCs, and CD45/16 and CD31 were used for the exclusion of white blood and vascular endothelial cells, respectively. PD-L1 was used for CTC characterisation. CTCs were enriched using the …

Eccentric-Only Versus Concentric-Only Resistance Training Effects On Biochemical And Physiological Parameters In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Christine Kudiarasu, Wafina Rohadhia, Yoshihiro Katsura, Tomoko Koeda, Favil Singh, Kazunori Nosaka

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

The benefits of resistance training for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are well documented; however, the effects of exercise with different muscle contraction types such as eccentric versus concentric contractions on physiological outcomes for this population are not clear. This study compared eccentric-only (ECC) and concentric-only resistance training (CON) to test the hypothesis that ECC would be superior to CON to improve insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, body composition, muscle strength and physical function of patients with T2D.

Methods:

Adults with T2D (50–79 years) were allocated to the ECC (n = 9) or CON group (n = 9). Resistance …

Nurses’ Perceptions Of Factors Influencing Treatment Engagement Among Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review, Amineh Rashidi, Lisa Whitehead, Prachi Kaistha

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

Nurses are key to the success of patient engagement, yet we know little about nurses’ perceptions on treatment engagement and how they can contribute to treatment engagement. Qualitative evidence to identify factors that influence treatment engagement among patients with CVD from nurse’s perspective is limited.

Methods:

This systematic review of qualitative research was based on the PRISMA reporting guidelines. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist was used to assess quality by two reviewers independently. Data were collected from Medline, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Embase- Non-Medline, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library, were systematically searched from 2001 to …