Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Clostridium Difficile In Asia: Opportunities For One Health Management, Deirdre A. Collins, Thomas V. Riley

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Clostridium difficile is a ubiquitous spore-forming bacterium which causes toxin-mediated diarrhoea and colitis in people whose gut microflora has been depleted by antimicrobial use, so it is a predominantly healthcare-associated disease. However, there are many One Health implications to C. difficile, given high colonisation rates in food production animals, contamination of outdoor environments by use of contaminated animal manure, increasing incidence of community-associated C. difficile infection (CDI), and demonstration of clonal groups of C. difficile shared between human clinical cases and food animals. In Asia, the epidemiology of CDI is not well understood given poor testing practices in many countries. …

Benner's Model And Duchscher's Theory: Providing The Framework For Understanding New Graduate Nurses' Transition To Practice, Melanie Murray, Deborah Sundin, Vicki Cope

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The transition to quality and safety in the new graduate registered nurses' practice remains problematic directly impacting patient outcomes. Effective mentoring during transition serves to enhance experiential learning, allowing the development and establishment of safe, quality nursing practice. Comprehensive understanding of the transition process, including the barriers and effective enablers to transition is the key to effective mentoring. A theoretical framework guided by Duchscher's Stages of Transition Theory and Transition Shock Model and Benner's From novice to expert model can facilitate such understanding. Nurse Theorists play an important part in shaping nurse education and practice and have provided nurse educators …

Suboptimal Health Pregnant Women Are Associated With Increased Oxidative Stress And Unbalanced Pro- And Antiangiogenic Growth Mediators: A Cross-Sectional Study In A Ghanaian Population, Enoch Odame Anto, Peter Roberts, David Anthony Coall, Eric Adua, Cornelius Archer Turpin, Augustine Tawiah, Youxin Wang, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Optimal oxidative stress (OS) is important throughout pregnancy; however, an increased OS may alter placental angiogenesis culminating in an imbalanced of angiogenic growth mediators (AGMs). Suboptimal Health Status (SHS), a physical state between health and disease, may be associated with increased OS and unbalanced AGMs. In this study, we explored the association between SHS, biomarkers of OS (BOS) and AGMs among normotensive pregnant women (NTN-PW) in a Ghanaian Suboptimal Health Cohort Study (GHOACS). This comparative GHOACS recruited 593 NTN-PW from the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana. SHS was measured using a Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaire-25 (SHSQ-25). Along with the subjective …

General Practitioners’ Perceptions Of Their Communication With Australian Aboriginal Patients With Acquired Neurogenic Communication Disorders, Deborah Hersh, Elizabeth Armstrong, Meaghan Mcallister, Natalie Ciccone, Judith Katzenellenbogen, Juli Coffin, Sandra Thompson, Colleen Hayward, Leon Flicker, Deborah Woods

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objective:

Aboriginal people have high rates of stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI), often with residual, chronic communication deficits and multiple co-morbidities. This study examined general practitioners’ (GPs’) perceptions of their communication with Aboriginal patients with acquired communication disorders (ACD) after brain injury. Effective communication underpins good care but no previous research has explored this specific context.

Methods:

A qualitative descriptive approach was employed using interviews and focus groups with 23 GPs from metropolitan Perth and five regional sites in Western Australia. Data were analysed thematically. Results: GPs reported low visibility of Aboriginal patients with ACD in their practices, minimal …

Using Smartwatches For Fitness And Health Monitoring: The Utaut2 Combined With Threat Appraisal As Moderators, Phaik Khee Beh, Yuvaraj Ganesan, Mohammad Iranmanesh, Behzad Foroughi

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Recent advancements in smartwatch technology have led to several applications in continuous fitness and health monitoring. Considering the benefits of smartwatches, their low level of usage for fitness and health monitoring purposes, and the limited understanding of determinants of their usage, this study advances the body of knowledge by developing an innovative and comprehensive research model that integrates the extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) with perceived vulnerability and perceived severity as moderators. The model was tested using partial least squares (PLS), in a quantitative study with data from 271 respondents from Malaysia. The results showed …

Impacts Of Cannabinoid Epigenetics On Human Development: Reflections On Murphy Et. Al. 'Cannabinoid Exposure And Altered Dna Methylation In Rat And Human Sperm' Epigenetics 2018; 13: 1208-1221, Albert Stuart Reece, Gary Kenneth Hulse

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Recent data from the Kollins lab ('Cannabinoid exposure and altered DNA methylation in rat and human sperm' Epigenetics 2018; 13: 1208-1221) indicated epigenetic effects of cannabis use on sperm in man parallel those in rats and showed substantial shifts in both hypo- and hyper-DNA methylation with the latter predominating. This provides one likely mechanism for the transgenerational transmission of epigenomic instability with sperm as the vector. It therefore contributes important pathophysiological insights into the probable mechanisms underlying the epidemiology of prenatal cannabis exposure potentially explaining diverse features of cannabis-related teratology including effects on the neuraxis, cardiovasculature, immune stimulation, secondary genomic …

Pole Dancing For Fitness: The Physiological And Metabolic Demand Of A 60-Minute Class, Joanna C. Nicholas, Kirsty Mcdonald, Peter Peeling, Ben Jackson, James Dimmock, Jacqueline A. Alderson, Cyril J. Donnelly

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Nicholas, JC, McDonald, KA, Peeling, P, Jackson, B, Dimmock, JA, Alderson, JA, and Donnelly, CJ. Pole dancing for fitness: The physiological and metabolic demand of a 60-minute class. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2704–2710, 2019—Little is understood about the acute physiological or metabolic demand of pole dancing classes. As such, the aims of this study were to quantify the demands of a standardized recreational pole dancing class, classifying outcomes according to American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) exercise-intensity guidelines, and to explore differences in physiological and metabolic measures between skill- and routine-based class components. Fourteen advanced-level amateur female pole dancers …

Rumination Selectively Mediates The Association Between Actual-Ideal (But Not Actual-Ought) Self-Discrepancy And Anxious And Depressive Symptoms, Joanne M. Dickson, Nicholas J. Moberly, Christopher D. Huntley

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Actual-ideal and actual-ought self-discrepancies have been theorised to be independently associated with depressive and anxious symptoms respectively. This study tested this prediction and extended it to consider whether rumination mediates these relationships. One hundred and thirty-eight students (48 males, 90 females) listed four adjectives describing how they would ideally hope to be and four adjectives describing how they ought to be. Participants then rated how distant they perceived themselves to be from each of their ideal and ought selves, as well as the importance of each ideal and ought self. Finally, participants self-reported levels of negative rumination, anxious and depressive …

Genetic Characterization Of Early Renal Changes In A Novel Mouse Model Of Diabetic Kidney Disease, Lois A. Balmer, Rhiannon Whiting, Caroline Rudnicka, Linda A. Gallo, Karin A. Jandeleit, Yan Chow, Zenia Chow, Kirsty L. Richardson, Josephine M. Forbes, Grant Morahan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Genetic factors influence susceptibility to diabetic kidney disease. Here we mapped genes mediating renal hypertrophic changes in response to diabetes. A survey of 15 mouse strains identified variation in diabetic kidney hypertrophy. Strains with greater (FVB/N(FVB)) and lesser (C57BL/6 (B6)) responses were crossed and diabetic F2 progeny were characterized. Kidney weights of diabetic F2 mice were broadly distributed. Quantitative trait locus analyses revealed diabetic mice with kidney weights in the upper quartile shared alleles on chromosomes (chr) 6 and 12; these loci were designated as Diabetic kidney hypertrophy (Dkh)-1 and -2. To confirm these loci, reciprocal congenic mice were …

Development And Validation Of The Needs Of Children Questionnaire: An Instrument To Measure Children's Self-Reported Needs In Hospital, Mandie Foster, Lisa Whitehead, Diana Arabiat

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

AIM: To develop and psychometrically test the needs of children questionnaire (NCQ), a new instrument to measure school-aged children's self-reported psychosocial physical and emotional needs in paediatric wards.

DESIGN: This is an instrument development study based on recommendations for developing a reliable and valid questionnaire.

METHOD: The NCQ was developed over three phases between February 2013-April 2017 and included item generation; content adequacy assessment; questionnaire administration; factor analysis; internal consistency assessment and construct validity. Psychometric properties were assessed after 193 school-aged children completed the needs of children's questionnaire in four paediatric areas in Australia and New Zealand.

RESULTS: The development …

Examining The Effects Of Creatine Supplementation In Augmenting Adaptations To Resistance Training In Patients With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial, Ciaran M. Fairman, Kristina L. Kendall, Robert U. Newton, Nicolas H. Hart, Dennis R. Taaffe, Raphael Chee, Colin I. Tang, Daniel A. Galvao

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

INTRODUCTION: Creatine supplementation has consistently been demonstrated to augment adaptations in body composition, muscle strength and physical function in a variety of apparently healthy older adults and clinical populations. The effects of creatine supplementation and resistance training in individuals with cancer have yet to be investigated. This study aims to examine the effects of creatine supplementation in conjunction with resistance training on body composition, muscle strength and physical function in prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial designed to examine the effects of creatine supplementation in addition to resistance training …

Autophagy Modulation As A Treatment Of Amyloid Diseases, Zoe Mputhia, Eugene Hone, Timir Tripathi, Tim Sargeant, Ralph Martins, Prashant Bharadwaj

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Amyloids are fibrous proteins aggregated into toxic forms that are implicated in several chronic disorders. More than 30 diseases show deposition of fibrous amyloid proteins associated with cell loss and degeneration in the affected tissues. Evidence demonstrates that amyloid diseases result from protein aggregation or impaired amyloid clearance, but the connection between amyloid accumulation and tissue degeneration is not clear. Common examples of amyloid diseases are Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and tauopathies, which are the most common forms of neurodegenerative diseases, as well as polyglutamine disorders and certain peripheral metabolic diseases. In these diseases, increased accumulation of toxic …

A "Human Knockout" Model To Investigate The Influence Of The Α-Actinin-3 Protein On Exercise-Induced Mitochondrial Adaptations, I. D. Papadimitriou, N. Eynon, X. Yan, F. Munson, M. Jacques, J. Kuang, S. Voisin, K. N. North, David Bishop

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Research in α-actinin-3 knockout mice suggests a novel role for α-actinin-3 as a mediator of cell signalling. We took advantage of naturally-occurring human "knockouts" (lacking α-actinin-3 protein) to investigate the consequences of α-actinin-3 deficiency on exercise-induced changes in mitochondrial-related genes and proteins, as well as endurance training adaptations. At baseline, we observed a compensatory increase of α-actinin-2 protein in ACTN3 XX (α-actinin-3 deficient; n = 18) vs ACTN3 RR (expressing α-actinin-3; n = 19) participants but no differences between genotypes for markers of aerobic fitness or mitochondrial content and function. There was a main effect of genotype, without an interaction, …

Exercising Choice And Control: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis Of Perspectives Of People With A Spinal Cord Injury, Carolyn M. Murray, Gisela Van Kessel, Michelle Guerin, Susan Hillier, Mandy Stanley

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

OBJECTIVE: To systematically search the literature and construct a meta-synthesis of how choice and control are perceived by people with spinal cord injury (SCI).

DATA SOURCES: Medline, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, HealthSource, ProQuest, PsychInfo, SAGE, and SCOPUS were searched from 1980 until September 2018 including all languages. Reference lists of selected studies were also reviewed.

STUDY SELECTION: Eligible qualitative studies included perspectives about choice of control as reported by people with an SCI. Studies were excluded if they included perspectives from other stakeholder groups. A total of 6706 studies were screened for title and abstract and full text …

Integration Of Suboptimal Health Status Evaluation As A Criterion For Prediction Of Preeclampsia Is Strongly Recommended For Healthcare Management In Pregnancy: A Prospective Cohort Study In A Ghanaian Population, Enoch Odame Anto, Peter Roberts, David Coall, Cornelius Archer Turpin, Eric Adua, Youxin Wang, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Normotensive pregnancy may develop into preeclampsia (PE) and other adverse pregnancy complications (APCs), for which the causes are still unknown. Suboptimal health status (SHS), a physical state between health and disease, might contribute to the development and progression of PE. By integration of a routine health measure in this Ghanaian Suboptimal Health Cohort Study, we explored the usefulness of a 25-question item SHS questionnaire (SHSQ-25) for early screening and prediction of normotensive pregnant women (NTN-PW) likely to develop PE. Methods: We assessed the overall health status among a cohort of 593 NTN-PW at baseline (10–20 weeks gestation) and followed …

Testosterone Replacement For Male Military Personnel - A Potential Countermeasure To Reduce Injury And Improve Performance Under Extreme Conditions, Nicolas H. Hart, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Tactical operators, inclusive of soldiers in the military, are reliant upon their physiological and psychological state in often volatile and extreme life or death situations that require correct decisions and precise actions to ensure operational success with minimal collateral damage. Accordingly, the development of physical and mental resilience are hallmarks of prophylactic and remedial programs designed to ensure military personnel are combat ready, thus optimising their capacity to perform at expert levels, while reducing their risk of injury or the severity of injury sustained...

Weight Management Merits Attention In Women With Infertility: A Cross-Sectional Study On The Association Of Anthropometric Indices With Hormonal Imbalance In A Ghanaian Population, William K. B. A. Owiredu, Peter Ntim Ofori, Cornelius Archer Turpin, Christian Obirikorang, Emmanuel Acheampong, Enoch Odame Anto, Eddie-Williams Owiredu, Evans Asamoah Adu

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

OBJECTIVE: This study determined the association of anthropometric indices with hormonal imbalance among infertile women in a Ghanaian population.

RESULTS: Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels (18.47 vs. 8.67, p-value = 0.002), and luteinizing hormone (LH) (12.43 vs. 8.01, p-value = 0.044) were higher in women with primary infertility compared with women presenting with secondary infertility. Waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) showed significant negative partial correlation with prolactin in both primary and secondary infertile women. Also a significant negative partial correlation was observed between BMI and prolactin in secondary infertile women only. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) showed a positive association …

The Validity And Utility Of Violence Risk Assessment Tools To Predict Patient Violence In Acute Care Settings: An Integrative Literature Review, Manonita Ghosh, Di Twigg, Yvonne Kutzer, Amanda Towell-Barnard, Gideon De Jong, Mary Dodds

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

To examine risk assessment tools to predict patient violence in acute care settings. An integrative review of the literature. Five electronic databases – CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, OVID, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were searched between 2000 and 2018. The reference list of articles was also inspected manually. The PICOS framework was used to refine the inclusion and exclusion of the literature, and the PRISMA statement guided the search strategy to systematically present findings. Forty-one studies were retained for review. Three studies developed or tested tools to measure patient violence in general acute care settings, and two described the primary and …

Whole-Body Cryotherapy Does Not Augment Adaptations To High-Intensity Interval Training, James R. Broatch, Mathilde Poignard, Christophe Hausswirth, David J. Bishop, François Bieuzen

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of regular post-exercise whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) on physiological and performance adaptations to high-intensity interval training (HIT). In a two-group parallel design, twenty-two well-trained males performed four weeks of cycling HIT, with each session immediately followed by 3 min of WBC (−110 °C) or a passive control (CON). To assess the effects of WBC on the adaptive response to HIT, participants performed the following cycling tests before and after the training period; a graded exercise test (GXT), a time-to-exhaustion test (T_max), a 20-km time trial (20_TT), and …

Flavonoid Intake Is Associated With Lower Mortality In The Danish Diet Cancer And Health Cohort, Nicola P. Bondonno, Frederik Dalgaard, Cecilie Kyrø, Kevin Murray, Catherine P. Bondonno, Joshua R. Lewis, Kevin D. Croft, Gunnar Gislason, Augustin Scalbert, Aedin Cassidy, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, Jonathan M. Hodgson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Flavonoids, plant-derived polyphenolic compounds, have been linked with health benefits. However, evidence from observational studies is incomplete; studies on cancer mortality are scarce and moderating effects of lifestyle risk factors for early mortality are unknown. In this prospective cohort study including 56,048 participants of the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort crosslinked with Danish nationwide registries and followed for 23 years, there are 14,083 deaths. A moderate habitual intake of flavonoids is inversely associated with all-cause, cardiovascular- and cancer-related mortality. This strong association plateaus at intakes of approximately 500 mg/day. Furthermore, the inverse associations between total flavonoid intake and mortality …

Safety Attitudes In Hospital Emergency Departments: A Systematic Review, Naif Alzahrani, Russell Jones, Amir Rizwan, Mohamed E. Abdel-Latif

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to perform and report a systematic review of published research on patient safety attitudes of health staff employed in hospital emergency departments (EDs).

DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: An electronic search was conducted of PsychINFO, ProQuest, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and CINAHL databases. The review included all studies that focussed on the safety attitudes of professional hospital staff employed in EDs.

FINDINGS: Overall, the review revealed that the safety attitudes of ED health staff are generally low, especially on teamwork and management support and among nurses when compared to doctors. Conversely, two intervention studies showed the effectiveness of …

Millennial Midwifery: Online Connectivity In Midwifery Education, Sadie Geraghty, Angela Bromley, Angela Bull, Mpho Dube, Cindy Turner

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore graduate midwives’ experiences of completing a Bachelor of Midwifery online theory course and how that experience led to preparation for practice and future employment as a midwife. Methods: This study used a questionnaire, with the core research design having a quantitative component using open-ended questions, via the use of an electronic platform. Results: The main themes emerging from the data that the graduates considered important issues were flexibility, isolation and lack of support. Conclusion: Course completion, experience of online learning/preparation for practice, and recommendations for improvement were identified as areas of …

Newly Defined Atp-Binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 5 Positive Dermal Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Healing Of Chronic Iron-Overload Wounds Via Secretion Of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist, Seppe Vander Beken, Juliane C. De Vries, Barbara Meier-Schiesser, Patrick Meyer, Dongsheng Jiang, Anca Sindrilaru, Filipa F. Ferreira, Adelheid Hainzl, Susanne Schatz, Jana Muschhammer, Natalie J. Scheurmann, Panagiotis Kampilafkos, Andreas M. Seitz, Lutz Dürselen, Anita Ignatius, Mark A. Kluth, Christoph Ganss, Meinhard Wlaschek, Karmveer Singh, Pallab Maity, Natasha Y. Frank, Markus H. Frank, Karin Scharffetter-Kochanek

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

In this study, we report the beneficial effects of a newly identified dermal cell subpopulation expressing the ATP‐binding cassette subfamily B member 5 (ABCB5) for the therapy of nonhealing wounds. Local administration of dermal ABCB5⁺‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) attenuated macrophage‐dominated inflammation and thereby accelerated healing of full‐thickness excisional wounds in the iron‐overload mouse model mimicking the nonhealing state of human venous leg ulcers. The observed beneficial effects were due to interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1RA) secreted by ABCB5⁺‐derived MSCs, which dampened inflammation and shifted the prevalence of unrestrained proinflammatory M1 macrophages toward repair promoting anti‐inflammatory M2 …

Reliability Of Squat Kinetics In Well-Trained Rugby Players: Implications For Monitoring Training, Brendyn B. Appleby, Stuart J. Cormack, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the within-session reliability in kinetic variables of the squat in well-trained athletes during a typical resistance training protocol. Fifteen subjects completed 2 testing sessions. Session 1 was establishment of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) squat, and session 2 involved 2 sets of 2 maximal effort repetitions of the squat at 70, 80, and 90% of 1RM with 3D motion analysis and ground reaction force (GRF) measurement using 2 in-ground triaxial force plates. Reliability was calculated using typical error ± 90% confidence limits, expressed as the coefficient of variation and intraclass correlation coefficient. The …

Association Between Abdominal Aortic Calcification, Bone Mineral Density And Fracture In Older Women, Joshua R. Lewis, Celeste J. Eggermont, John T. Schousboe, Wai H. Lim, Germaine Wong, Ben Khoo, Marc Sim, Mingxiang Yu, Thor Ueland, Jens Bollerslev, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Kun Zhu, Kevin E. Wilson, Douglas P. Kiel, Richard L. Prince

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Although a relationship between vascular disease and osteoporosis has been recognized, its clinical importance for fracture risk evaluation remains uncertain. Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC), a recognized measure of vascular disease detected on single‐energy images performed for vertebral fracture assessment, may also identify increased osteoporosis risk. In a prospective 10‐year study of 1,024 older predominantly Caucasian women (mean age 75.0±2.6 years) from the Perth Longitudinal Study of Aging cohort we evaluated the association between AAC, skeletal structure and fractures. AAC and spine fracture were assessed at the time of hip densitometry and heel quantitative ultrasound. AAC was scored 0 to 24 …

A Mediterranean Diet With Fresh, Lean Pork Improves Processing Speed And Mood: Cognitive Findings From The Medpork Randomised Controlled Trial, Alexandra T. Wade, Courtney R. Davis, Kathryn A. Dyer, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Richard J. Woodman, Hannah A. D. Keage, Karen J. Murphy

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: The Mediterranean diet may be capable of improving cognitive function. However, the red meat restrictions of the diet could impact long-term adherence in Western populations. The current study therefore examined the cognitive effects of a Mediterranean diet with additional red meat. Methods: A 24-week parallel crossover design compared a Mediterranean diet with 2–3 weekly servings of fresh, lean pork (MedPork) and a low-fat (LF) control diet. Thirty-five participants aged between 45 and 80 years and at risk of cardiovascular disease followed each intervention for 8 weeks, separated by an 8-week washout period. Cognitive function was assessed using the Cambridge …

Peer Support For The Maintenance Of Physical Activity And Health In Cancer Survivors: The Peer Trial - A Study Protocol Of A Randomised Controlled Trial, Kirsten N. Adlard, David G. Jenkins, Chloe E. Salisbury, Kate A. Bolam, Sjaan R. Gomersall, Joanne F. Aitken, Suzanne K. Chambers, Jeff C. Dunn, Kerry S. Courneya, Tina L. Skinner

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND: Despite an overwhelming body of evidence showing the benefits of physical activity (PA) and exercise for cancer survivors, few survivors meet the exercise oncology guidelines. Moreover, initiating, let alone maintaining exercise programs with cancer survivors continues to have limited success. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the influence of peer support on moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and various markers of health 12 months following a brief supervised exercise intervention in cancer survivors.

METHODS: Men and women previously diagnosed with histologically-confirmed breast, colorectal or prostate cancer (n = 226), who are >1-month post-treatment, will be invited to participate in …

A Qualitative Analysis Of Problematic And Non-Problematic Alcohol Use After Bariatric Surgery, Danielle L. Reaves, Joanne M. Dickson, Jason C. G. Halford, Paul Christiansen, Charlotte A. Hardman

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

OBJECTIVES: Bariatric surgery is an effective weight loss tool, but an under-communicated side effect may include the increased risk for alcohol problems. Few studies have examined contributors towards alcohol problems following surgery using a qualitative approach. Therefore, the current study aimed to generate insight informed by participants with problematic alcohol use following bariatric surgery, in comparison with participants without.

METHODS: Participants (14; females, n = 9; males, n = 5) completed semi-structured interviews using questions relating to alcohol use, relationship to food, support and surgical experiences. Thematic analysis was conducted to provide insight into the factors which influenced drinking behaviours …

New Graduate Nurses' Understanding And Attitudes About Patient Safety Upon Transition To Practice, Melanie Murray, Deborah Sundin, Vicki Cope

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

AIMS: To explore the transition experiences of newly graduated registered nurses with particular attention to patient safety.

BACKGROUND: New graduate registered nurses' transition is accompanied by a degree of shock which may be in tune with the described theory-practice gap. The limited exposure to clinical settings and experiences leaves these nurses at risk of making errors and not recognising deterioration, prioritising time management and task completion over patient safety and care.

DESIGN: Qualitative descriptive approach using semi-structured interviews.

METHODS: Data were collected during 2017-18 from 11 participants consenting to face-to-face or telephone semi-structured interviews. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and data …

Reducing Aerodynamic Drag By Adopting A Novel Road-Cycling Sprint Position, Paul F. J. Merkes, Paolo Menaspa, Chris R. Abbiss

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose:

To assess the influence of seated, standing, and forward-standing cycling sprint positions on aerodynamic drag (CdA) and the reproducibility of a field test of CdA calculated in these different positions.

Methods:

A total of 11 recreational male road cyclists rode 250 m in 2 directions at around 25, 32, and 40 km·h.

Results:

A main effect of position showed that the average CdA of the 2 d was lower for the forward-standing position (0.295 [0.059]) compared with both the seated (0.363 [0.071], P = .018) and standing positions (0.372 [0.077], P = .037). Seated and standing positions did …