Mechanical Engineering Commons^™

Evaluation And Implementation Of Lean Engineering Principles For Improving A University Rocket Team, Alan Garcia

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

In the present day, lean is a tool applied to manufacturing industries trying to reduce wasteand non-value-added work to every process during the supply chain. While implementing lean thinking in the industry has been highly effective, it is less common for academic purposes. However, it can also improve performance if the concept is correctly applied. The purpose of this thesis is to show and analyze the application of Lean Engineering thinking and its six principles to the Sun City Summit Rocket Team from the University of Texas at El Paso which competed in the Intercollegiate Rocket Engineering Competition (IREC) Spaceport …

Fabrication And Characterization Of Germanium Functionalized Porous Nickel Oxide Electrodes For Application In Supercapacitors, Cristina Gonzalez

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Limited fossil fuel, increasing population, pollution, and climate change are motivating society to use renewable and clean energy techniques. However, the intermittent nature of renewable sources hinders their continuous availability and use. Energy storage devices such as supercapacitors and batteries are essential for sustainable development but their high cost limits its bulk use. The cost of energy storage devices mainly depends on materials, synthesis process and device fabrication. Therefore, low cost 3-D mesoporous nickel germanium fictionalize nickel oxides electrode materials has been developed by using facile fabrication techniques for supercapacitor application. 3-D mesoporous nickel provides the high surface area and …

The Qualification Of Sealability And Creep Relaxation Of Additively Manufactured Zytel Gaskets For Pem Fuel Cells, Robert Lazarin

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this thesis is to study the feasibility of low-cost additive manufacturing of gaskets for proton exchange membrane fuel cells exposed to extreme temperature conditions ranging from -55°C to 100°C. With the growing popularity and decreasing costs of additive manufacturing technologies, specifically Material Extrusion (ME), research is being conducted to determine the feasibility of ME components. Thermally cycled PEMFCs may exhibit accelerated gasket deterioration, therefore, the mechanical stability of material extruded gaskets following a harsh thermal cycle must be assessed. The feasibility of the material extruded gaskets will be proven by manufacturing optimization and mechanical testing. The target …

Novel Interlaminar Reinforcement To Enhance The Impact Damage Resistance Of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites, Daisy Haidee Mariscal

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Aerospace, aircraft, marine, and automobile applications are increasingly using composite materials for lighter, higher stiffness, and strength properties. Despite these advantages, composite materials have one major disadvantage. The through-thickness properties are extremely weak when subjected to impact damage. When a composite material is subjected to a low-velocity impact, there is hardly any visible damage on the surface compromising the composite material internally without any external notice. Internal damage may be delamination, which is the most common, matrix cracking, and fiber breakage. A composite material is made up of layers of fiber. The interlaminar region is located in between these layers. …

Cad-Based Aerial Trajectory Generation And 3d Mapping For Close-Quarter Inspection, Angel Guillermo Ortega Castillo

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Robotic technologies for inspection purposes of large-scale structures have grown in interest.Such technologies are encouraged to reduce the risk in which human operators are involved and to reduce costs due to downtime of the equipment. In the Energy sector, high interest is placed on power plant components where their correct operation is paramount. This work is inspired by the synthetic vision systems for aerial vehicles that use three-dimensional space (3D) to provide pilots with clear and intuitive means of understanding their flying environment. This work can be separated into three main sections: Trajectory Generation from Computer-Aided Design (CAD) Models, Crack …

Compact Electrospray Propulsion Systems For Small Form-Factor Satellites: An Orbital Performance Survey & Platform Design, Alberto Meza

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Over the past decades, small form-factor satellites such as CubeSats have remained as one of the most accessible platforms to reach space for universities, research institutions, private and governmental entities to perform a wide range of missions. This paper presents a survey into the design and implementation of an electrospray rail thruster, to be integrated to the CubeSat platform. The design investigated features propellant tanks for each individual thruster embedded inside the rail of a standard 1U CubeSat. The capabilities of utilizing the electrospray thruster as an attitude & determination control system was also investigated in which, a pointing accuracy …

Fabrication Of Solar Absorber Tube With Internal Fin Structure With In718 And Effect Of Boron With In718 For Solar Absorber Tube Using Selective Laser Melting 3d Printing Technology, Naznin Nuria Afrin

Theses and Dissertations

This research aimed to fabricate Solar Absorber Tubes for Solar-Thermal Power Plant with internal fin structures using Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology. In this study, we investigated the effect of B with IN718 in 3D printing using SLM for solar absorber tubes. The objective was to study the material-process-properties relationship with goal to identify and validate the optimal parameters for the SLM process. Material selected for this study was IN718 with 0.5% and 1% B particle mixed using a V-shape mixing machine. The flowability test was conducted using the Angle of Repose (AOR) method. 3D printed samples …

Development Of Vegetable Oil-Based Nano-Lubricants Using Ag, H-Bn And Mgo Nanoparticles As Lubricant Additives, Kollol Sarker Jogesh

Theses and Dissertations

Because of the harmful impact of petroleum-based lubricant on the environment and human body, vegetable oil-based lubricant with eco-friendly nanoparticles has a great potential to be an alternative lubricant if it possesses proper lubricating properties. In this study, thermal conductivity, viscosity and tribological properties (wear scar diameter and coefficient of friction) of vegetable oil-based nanolubricant, developed from soybean oil and sunflower oil, modified with Ag, h-BN and MgO nanoparticles as lubricant additives, were evaluated. For thermal conductivity evaluation, a line heat source method was used with KD2 Pro-Thermal Property Analyzer. For viscosity evaluation, Haake Mars 40-rheometer was used to evaluate …

Dynamic Analysis, Characterization, And Design Of Rigid-Flex Pcb Robotics, John Bell

All Dissertations

The era of space exploration is driven by and fuels large advances in technological progress.
Over the last decade, engineering practices for spacecraft, space structures, robotics, software and
hardware, manufacturing techniques, and the implementation of new and novel materials has been
revolutionized. Space exploration pushes the envelope in terms of technological capabilities and
robotic systems (rovers) become lighter, smaller, and more capable of sustaining damage. This
dissertation aids in the advancement of design knowledge for a class of rovers characterized by
their chassis architecture: rigid-flex printed circuit board (PCB) robotics. These rovers leverage
the printed circuit cards as the structural …

Solar Chimney Power Plants: A Mini Review, Ahmed Reda, Waseem Salah, Ahmed Suwailem, Shehab Eldin Ahmed, Omar Lasheen, Amira Elkodama, Moustafa R. Shousha, Amr Ismaiel, Anas A. Rahman

Future Engineering Journal

The main investigations of a novel solar thermal application known as SCPP are summarized in this paper. It is a method of producing electricity from solar energy that relies on the fact that air rises when it is heated. An adequate position within a tall chimney can be utilized to position a turbine to turn it, creating an updraft that can be used to generate power. This system's specifications, design, construction, and use are all covered in the paper along with experimental and analytical research related to it. It also emphasizes the development and execution of SCPP programs.

Low-Cost, Low-Weight Test Rig Design For A Laboratory-Scale Twin Rotor Wind Turbine, Ahmed Ayoub, Ahmed Elzeedy, Mahmoud Elkordy, Eslam Ayad, Mohamed Waleed, Amira Elkodama, Amr Ismaiel

Future Engineering Journal

Multi-Rotor Wind Turbine (MRWT) has been proven advantageous over Single-Rotor Wind Turbine (SRWT) in many aspects. In order to study the performance of MRWT over SRWT, this work presents a low-cost and low-weight design for a test rig for laboratory-scale wind turbine configurations. The configurations under study are a single-rotor, and a twin-rotor of the same size with a diameter of 30 cm. Aerodynamic loads have been calculated using the Blade Element Momentum (BEM) method, then the loads were used for stress analysis over the test rig proposed. The test rig is designed on Solidworks and the aerodynamic and inertial …

Performance Comparison Of Several Control Algorithms For Tracking Control Of Pantograph Mechanism, Laylaa Mahmoud Eng, Mohamed Shamseldin Dr, Mohamed Sallam Dr, Abdelghany Mohamed Prof

Future Engineering Journal

A sort of parallel manipulator known as a pantograph robot mechanism was created primarily for industrial requests that required high precision and satisfied speed. While tracking a chosen trajectory profile requires a powerful controller. Because it has four active robot links and one robot passive link in place of just two links like the open chain does, it can carry more loads than the open chain robot mechanism while maintaining accuracy and stability. The calculated model for a closed chain pantograph robot mechanism presented in this paper takes into account the boundary conditions. For the purpose of simulating the dynamics …

Relative Rate Observer Self-Tuning Of Fuzzy Pid Virtual Inertia Control For An Islanded Microgrid, Ahmed H. Mohamed, Helmy M. El Zoghby, Mohiy Bahgat, A. M. Abdel Ghany

Future Engineering Journal

Expanding the usage of renewable energy in islanded microgrids leads to a reduction in its total inertia. Low inertia microgrids have difficulties in voltage and frequency control. That affected saving its stability and preventing a blackout. To improve low inertia islanded microgrids' dynamic response and save their stability, this paper presented relative rate observer self-tuning fuzzy PID (RROSTF-PID) based on virtual inertia control (VIC) for an islanded microgrid with a high renewable energy sources (RESs) contribution. RROSTF-PID based on VIC's success in showing remarkable improvement in the microgrid's dynamic response and enhancement of its stability. Moreover, it handles different contingency …

Study On Predictive Maintenance Of V-Belt In Milling Machines Using Machine Learning, Reza Aulia Rahman, Mohammad Faishol Erikyatna, Achmad Fauzan Hery Soegiharto

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Towards industry 4.0, monitoring the degradation of machine tools’ components becomes a key feature so that smooth productivity is achieved. To preserve the functionality and performance of the machine tools, proper maintenance activities must be planned and carried out. V-belt is important component in machine tools that transmits power from the electric motor spindle in order to machine to work and cut desired material properly. The purpose of this research is to develop a predictive maintenance system for v-belt milling machine Krisbow 31N2F using machine learning. The machine learning algorithm models using multiple and simple linear regression algorithm was developed …

True Stress-Strain Behavior Of Al-Based Cast Automotive Alloy Under Different Ageing Conditions And The Effect Of Trace Zr, Mashiur Rahman Shoummo, Akib Abdullah Khan, Mohammad Salim Kaiser

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

A thorough investigation has been carried out on the Al-12Si-1Mg-1Cu-1Ni automotive alloy considering different properties, specially mechanical properties associated with true stress and true strain with Zr addition of trace amount. A commercially available piston is melted to produce the alloy, and trace amount of Zr is added to make another. The base alloy along with the Zr added alloy had been applied to homogenization, solution treatment, quenching, and ageing in order to get the age-hardening response. The alloys have been heat-treated at 25 ºC, 200 ºC, and 300 ºC, respectively, for four hours for attaining the under, peak and …

Effect Of Graphene Addition On Bacterial Cellulose-Based Nanocomposite, Jibril Maulana, Heru Suryanto, Aminnudin Aminnudin

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a widespread, low-cost biopolymer that has generally been produced from plants and biomass waste. A method for improving the range of applications for bacterial cellulose is adding graphene material. It has an outstanding feature that can increase the performance of nanocomposite materials. The research aims to observe the effect of graphene on the surface morphology, crystallinity, chemical bonding, and tensile strength of BC/CuO nanocomposite. For this study's synthesis, BC was synthesized by fermenting pineapple peel extract for 10 to 14 days. The produced BC was crushed, homogenized with a nano homogenizer machine, and filtered. Filtered BC, …

The Effect Of Nozzle Temperature, Infill Geometry, Layer Height And Fan Speed On Roughness Surface In Petg Filament, Doohan Taqdissillah, Aris Zainul Mutaqqin, Mahros Darsin, Dedi Dwilaksana, Nasrul Ilminnafik

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

3D printing is a process of making three-dimensional solid objects from a digital file process created by laying down successive layers of material until the object is created. Many filaments can be used in 3D printing, one of which is PETG (PolyEthylene Terephthalate Glycol). PETG is a modification of PET (PolyEthylene Terephthalate) with added glycol at a molecular level to offer different chemical properties that provide significant chemical resistance, durability, and excellent formability for manufacturing. This study aims to find the most optimal parameter of surface roughness of PETG with different parameters of nozzle temperature, infill geometry, layer height and …

Backpack Effects On Two-Dimensional Gait Spatiotemporal And Kinematic Parameters, Nardo Rizaldy, Alvin Alvin, Wirawan Lingga, Ethan B.W. Goeij, F. Ferryanto

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Loads could affect the body gait in various ways. Backpacks, sling bags, suitcases, and even trolleys could hugely affect human gait without us realizing it. The effects of these loads have been scientifically researched in biomechanics and sports science for the past few years. For instance, the comparison of walking with and without a backpack could easily reveal significant differences in body segments, which could be utilized for therapy and medicine development. The aim of this research is to determine the differences of the spatiotemporal kinematic parameters between a conventional human gait and a backpackloaded gait. Some parameters to be …

Investigate The Potential Renewable Energy Of Microalgae Spirulina Sp Using Proximate Analyzer, Sem-Edx, And Thermogravimetry, Yahya Zakaria, Sukarni Sukarni, Poppy Puspitasari, Nandang Mufti, Samsudin Anis, Anwar Johari

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Microalgae Spirulina sp which has been cultivated by the Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Center, Situbondo Indonesia were tested for their potential energy performance using proximate analyzer, SEMEDX, and thermogravimetry. The proximate analyzer showed volatile matter (VM), fixed carbon (FC), moisture, ash content (AC), total sulfur of microalgae Spirulina sp 68.15, 12.57, 11.22, 8.06, and 0.67 (wt%, ar), respectively, and the gross calorific value (GCV) is 4971 kcal/kg (dry basis). SEM-EDX test showed the morphology and chemical content of Spirulina sp. The content of microalgae Spirulina sp is dominated by carbon (C) and oxygen (O), then followed by chlorine (Cl), sodium (Na), …

Characterization Of Materials Properties In Additively Manufactured Aisi-420 Martensitic Steel Deposited By Laser Engineered Net Shaping, Md Mehadi Hassan

Nanoscience and Microsystems ETDs

Metal additive manufacturing (AM) is a disruptive technology enabling the fabrication of complex and near-net-shaped parts by adding material layer-wise. It offers reduced lead production time. AM processes are finding applications in many industrial sectors such as aerospace, automotive, biomedical, and mold tooling. Despite the tremendous advantages of AM, some challenges still prevent this technology's adoption in high-standard applications. Anisotropy and inhomogeneity in the mechanical properties of the as-built parts and the existence of pores and lack-of-fusion defects are considered the main issues in directed energy deposition (L-DED) parts. Laser-engineered net shaping LENS® offers excellent possibilities to fabricate metal tools …

Machine Learning-Based Classification Of Combustion Events In An Rcci Engine Using Heat Release Rate Shapes, Radhika Sitaraman, Sadaf Batool, Hoseinali Borhan, Javad Mohammadpour Velni, Jeffrey Naber, Mahdi Shahbakhti

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) mode offers high thermal efficiency and low nitrogen oxides (NOx) and soot emissions. However, high cyclic variability at low engine load and high pressure rise rates at high loads limit RCCI operation. Therefore, it is important to control the combustion event in an RCCI engines to prevent abnormal engine combustion. To this end, combustion in RCCI mode was studied by analyzing the heat release rates calculated from the in-cylinder pressure data at 798 different operating conditions. Five distinct heat release shapes are identified. These different heat release traces were characterized based on start of combustion, …

Efects Of Non‑Newtonian Viscosity On Arterial And Venous Fow And Transport, Sabrina Lynch, Nitesh Nama, C Alberto Figueroa

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

It is well known that blood exhibits non-Newtonian viscosity, but it is generally modeled as a Newtonian fluid. However, in situations of low shear rate, the validity of the Newtonian assumption is questionable. In this study, we investigated differences between Newtonian and non-Newtonian hemodynamic metrics such as velocity, vorticity, and wall shear stress. In addition, we investigated cardiovascular transport using two different approaches, Eulerian mass transport and Lagrangian particle tracking. Non-Newtonian solutions revealed important differences in both hemodynamic and transport metrics relative to the Newtonian model. Most notably for the hemodynamic metrics, in-plane velocity and vorticity were consistently larger in …

Prediction Of Curing Time/Shear Strength Of Non-Conductive Adhesives Using A Neural Network Model, Kyung-Eun Min, Jae-Won Jang, Jun-Ki Kim, Sung Yi, Cheolhee Kim

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Electronic packaging has been developed with high resolution and fine interconnection pitches. Non-conductive adhesives (NCAs) have been growing with the increase of I/O pad count and density, along with fine pad bond pitch interconnections. Prediction and optimization of NCA characteristics are inherently complicated due to various and extensive materials composing NCAs. In this study, a framework predicting the curing time and shear strength of an NCA is established by a neural network model. NCA formulations with 4 resins, 3 hardeners, 8 catalysts, and a coupling agent were selected from in-house experiments, and an artificial neural network (ANN) with one dense …

A Focused Review On Structures And Ionic Conduction Mechanisms In Inorganic Solid-State Proton And Hydride Anion Conductors, Shichen Sun, Qiming Tang, Kangkang Zhang, Yeting Wen, Aidan Billings, Kevin Huang

Faculty Publications

Solid-state proton and hydride anion conductors are an important family of materials as electrolytes for solid state electrochemical cells such as fuel cells, batteries, sensors, and gas separation membranes. Searching for new proton and hydride-anion conductors has been an active research area for many decades. The focus of this article is on reviewing the types and mechanisms of each proton/hydride-anion conductor developed and their pros and cons. This review starts off with the most studied and most promising perovskite structured oxides as proton conductors, followed by other types of perovskite-related structures such as the Ruddlesden–Popper phase, pyrochlores and rare earth …

Enhanced Electron Correlation And Significantly Suppressed Thermal Conductivity In Dirac Nodal-Line Metal Nanowires By Chemical Doping, Amanda L. Coughlin, Zhiliang Pan, Jeonghoon Hong, Tongxie Zhang, Xun Zhan, Wenqian Wu, Dongyue Xie, Tian Tong, Thomas Ruch, Jean J. Heremans, Jiming Bao, Herbert A. Fertig, Jian Wang, Jeongwoo Kim, Hanyu Zhu, Deyu Li, Shixiong Zhang

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Enhancing electron correlation in a weakly interacting topological system has great potential to promote correlated topological states of matter with extraordinary quantum properties. Here, the enhancement of electron correlation in a prototypical topological metal, namely iridium dioxide (IrO₂), via doping with 3d transition metal vanadium is demonstrated. Single-crystalline vanadium-doped IrO₂ nanowires are synthesized through chemical vapor deposition where the nanowire yield and morphology are improved by creating rough surfaces on substrates. Vanadium doping leads to a dramatic decrease in Raman intensity without notable peak broadening, signifying the enhancement of electron correlation. The enhanced electron correlation is further …

Bulk Glass As Compressive Reinforcement In Structural Elements, John Cotter

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

All composites are formulations of materials that allow for the improvement of material properties by compositing materials with differing properties. For example, straw, which has a low compression strength and stiffness but relatively high tensile stiffness, composites well with clay, which has a high compression stiffness and low tensile strength, to create a material that utilizes a clay base with straw to greatly improve the strength of clay. In general, the most economical composites are those that combine a low-cost binder, or matrix, with higher strength reinforcing materials.

Contrary to popular knowledge, bulk glass is an exceedingly strong material when …

Exosomes Derived From Differentiated Human Admsc With The Schwann Cell Phenotype Modulate Peripheral Nerve-Related Cellular Functions, Bo Liu, Yunfan Kong, Wen Shi, Mitchell Kuss, Ke Liao, Guoku Hu, Peng Xiao, Jagadesan Sankarasubramanian, Chittibabu Guda, Xinglong Wang, Yuguo Lei, Bin Duan

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Peripheral nerve regeneration remains a significant clinical challenge due to the unsatisfactory functional recovery and public health burden. Exosomes, especially those derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are promising as potential cell-free therapeutics and gene therapy vehicles for promoting neural regeneration. In this study, we reported the differentiation of human adipose derived MSCs (hADMSCs) towards the Schwann cell (SC) phenotype (hADMSC-SCs) and then isolated exosomes from hADMSCs with and without differentiation (i.e., dExo vs uExo). We assessed and compared the effects of uExo and dExo on antioxidative, angiogenic, antiinflammatory, and axon growth promoting properties by using various peripheral nerve-related cells. …

A Novel Voc Breath Tracer Method To Evaluate Indoor Respiratory Exposures In The Near- And Far-Fields; Implications For The Spread Of Respiratory Viruses, Hooman Parhizkar, Mark Fretz, Aurelie Laguerre, Jason Stenson, Richard Corsi, Kevin Van Den Wymelenberg, Elliott T. Gall

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background

Several studies suggest that far-field transmission (>6 ft) explains a significant number of COVID-19 superspreading outbreaks.

Objective

Therefore, quantifying the ratio of near- and far-field exposure to emissions from a source is key to better understanding human-to-human airborne infectious disease transmission and associated risks.

Methods

In this study, we used an environmentally-controlled chamber to measure volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from a healthy participant who consumed breath mints, which contained unique tracer compounds. Tracer measurements were made at 0.76 m (2.5 ft), 1.52 m (5 ft), 2.28 m (7.5 ft) from the participant, as well as in the …

Designing And Cnc Machine Valve Sub-Plates And Quick Mounts For Hydraulic Power Training Systems, Connor Maxam

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Business and Technology at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Connor Maxam on November 22, 2022.

Wind Tunnel Research, Dynamics, And Scaling For Wind Energy, Majid Bastankhah, Raul Bayoan Cal, Nicholas Hamilton

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The interaction of wind turbines with turbulent atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) flows represents a complex multi-scale problem that spans several orders of magnitudes of spatial and temporal scales. These scales range from the interactions of large wind farms with the ABL (on the order of tens of kilometers) to the small length scale of the wind turbine blade boundary layer (order of a millimeter). Detailed studies of multi-scale wind energy aerodynamics are timely and vital to maximize the efficiency of current and future wind energy projects, be they onshore, bottom-fixed offshore, or floating offshore. Among different research modalities, wind tunnel …