Mechanical Engineering Commons^™

Pipeline Risk Analysis Optimization With Monte Carlo Method Using Gamma Distribution, Farhan Rama Digita, Jaka Fajar Fatriansyah, Abdul Rahim Ridzuan, Hanna Ovelia, Imam Abdillah Mas'ud, Irma Hartia Tihara, Baiq Diffa Pakarti Linuwih

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

The inspection process of piping components in the oil and gas industry is one of the most crucial things, given the high risk posed by pipeline system failures, which have a huge impact on losses, both from environmental and financial aspects. Risk-based inspection with the Monte Carlo method is one of the efforts that can be made to minimize failures in piping systems, by involving data distribution to calculate the probability of component failure. Although the normal distribution is commonly used for generating random variables, its use in corrosion rate calculation can lead to overestimation due to negative corrosion rate …

Heat Transfer Enhancement In Nanofluid Flows Augmented By Magnetic Flux, Kozhikkatil Sunil Arjun, Rakesh Kumar

Makara Journal of Technology

Heat transfer enhancement could be realized using magnetohydrodynamics together with nanofluids specifically in flow micro-convection in a microtube, flow past a vertical porous plate, and square duct flow with discrete heat sources numerically. A critical value for the Rayleigh number, a maximum value for the magnetic field strength, a low Reynolds number, and volume concentrations exists for thermal enhancement to simulate nanofluid flow in a microtube. Heat transfer enhancement is observed with a reduction in the magnetic field strength in a flow past a heated porous vertical plate. Alumina nanofluid subjected to Hartmann number 10 can boost 81% enhancement in …

Optimization Of The Building Envelope And Roof Shading To Reduce The Energy Consumption Of College Low-Rise Buildings In Indonesia, Nasruddin Nasruddin, Azimil Gani Alam, Mohammad Imroz Sohel

Makara Journal of Technology

Energy consumption in buildings is a crucial concern globally, prompting researchers to explore innovative solutions to mitigate its impact. This study investigates the optimization of building envelopes and roof shading systems of existing buildings in Indonesia to realize notable energy savings. Multiple scenarios were explored, with modifications to building envelopes and roof shading, highlighting the overall thermal transfer value as a key parameter. Using EnergyPlus simulations, the efficacy of natural ventilation in corridors and roof shading modifications was assessed in reducing energy consumption. The findings revealed that renovating existing buildings by optimization of the building envelope and roof shading by …

Biowall Development For The West Lafayette Public Library, Dhanurja De Silva, Yalin Lu, Siqi He, Ajay Dalal, Bill Hutzel

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

A group of multidisciplinary Purdue students are working together to design, assemble, and install a Biowall in the Children’s section of the West Lafayette Public Library. A Biowall is a plant-based filter that improves Indoor Environmental Quality by cleaning indoor air and adding a natural aesthetic to the building space. Purdue has been developing Biowall technology since 2012, and this project involves redesigning it to fit into the available space at the library. The new Biowall design incorporates a watering mechanism that allows for children to get actively involved in maintaining the Biowall and learning about sustainability. This project also …

The Role Of Interactive Spaces In Enhancing Social Interaction Of Children In Orphanage Institutions, Zainab Khalid Rashad Al Khafaji, Shamael M. W. Al Dabbagh

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The child who moves to an environment outside his family environment, suchas orphanage institutions because of the loss of one or all of his family members, itis obvious that he feels a kind of alienation and isolation from his peers and a loss ofa sense of interaction and communication with society, so it is possible to mitigatethis feeling by promoting diversity in interactive activities within the internal spacesof the orphanage institutions and at the neighborhood level, the research problemwas represented by "the lack of clarity in the nature of knowledge aboutthe role of of interactive spaces in enhancing social interaction …

Environmental Footmark And Its Effects On The Sustainability Of Towns, Ali Abdul Samea Hameed

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The Ecological Footmark (EF) is one of the utmost recent and important criteria for assessing the capacity of the population to uphold a life sustainable way. It tests the extent which the indicators have an influence on the natural resources (NR) of the ecosystem such as forestry, water bodies, agricultural lands, pastures, CO2, and properties for construction purposes. This footmark was utilized to evaluate the use of NR to the capacity of the land for regeneration. This research paper discusses the theoretical conceptual component of the EF framework and plans regarding issues related to the environment. The environmental image (EI) …

The Effects Of Urban Fragmentation / Analysis Of The Causes And Challenges In The City Structure, Seemon Matte Abbo, Inaam Amin Albazzaz

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Fragmentation is a fundamental term in the history of critical urban thought,yet the product of fragmentation is manifested in fragments. Urban fragmentationis used to describe the phenomenon that occurs when the urban environment isbroken up into smaller units or dispersed areas. This means that cities becomefragmented rather than cohesive and integrated. This disintegration can be the resultof various factors such as poor planning, lack of infrastructure, different land uses,and social dispersion. This research addresses the problem of urban fragmentationas one of the challenges facing the urban structure of cities, and clarifies the mostimportant factors affecting the city structure during the …

A Review: Special Types Of Concrete Used In Structures, Reem Hatem Ahmed, Mohammed Mosleh Salman

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The term “special” possesses inherent significance and is utilized in this context to denote the distinctive attributes characteristic of concrete. The term “special” connotes enhanced strength, durability, and solidity in concrete. The production of specialized concrete involves the incorporation of distinct components via specific procedures following specific criteria. Specialized concrete is required to construct unique structures such as power plants, offshore buildings, docks, and airports. Each of these unique structures is essential for survival in harsh conditions, including sulfate, chemical, acid, and chloride attacks, as well as other surface characteristics. Concrete is a versatile material that exhibits good compressive strength …

Développement D’Un Système De Mesure Pour La Caractérisation Des Traitements Absorbants En Laboratoire, Alain Berry, Olivier Robin, Thomas Dupont, Franck Sgard

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Le bruit constitue une préoccupation de plus en plus importante et généralisée dans le monde. Selon l’Organisation mondiale de la Santé, environ une personne sur quatre dans le monde souffrira de déficience auditive à des degrés divers d’ici à 2050. Dans de nombreux pays et régions du globe, le bruit représente le second facteur environnemental provoquant le plus de dommages sanitaires, et ce derrière la pollution atmosphérique. Sur un volet cognitif ou perceptif, le bruit environnemental peut par exemple perturber le sommeil et gêner l’apprentissage en milieu scolaire. Dans un milieu de travail, il peut perturber la bonne compréhension/perception de …

The Role Of Young Architects As Entrepreneurship Generational Units In Shaping The Future Of Architecture, Attaa H. Al Obaidi, Anwar. S. Al-Qaraghuli

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Youth are the pillar of nations and the secret of their renaissance, thebuilders of their civilization and the line of defense, the main participants inbasic planning processes, and the agents of change to build a world that iscompatible with the aspirations of future generations. This applies to the field ofarchitecture in terms of the importance of young architects in shaping it underthe challenges it faces, which impose interaction in a manner commensuratewith the emerging requirements and needs. This research is based on theconsideration that young architects are an integrated phenomenon thatcontributes to shaping architectural production according to the data of …

Using Artificial Intelligence To Diagnose Demented In The Elderly, Ohood Fadil Alwan

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

In addition to possible other symptoms, memory loss and impairment are the hallmarks of Demented or Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Despite the fact that dementia is incurable and has a significant negative impact on patients' lives, an early diagnosis can help start the right treatment and prevent additional brain damage. Over the years, machine learning techniques have been used to classify AD; nevertheless, the efficacy of the results depends on the use of multi-step classifiers and manually created features. Thanks to recent advances in deep learning, patterns may now be classified using neural networks' final stage. In order to diagnose dementia …

Risk Detection Of Gestational Diabetes In Early Pregnancy Depend On Artificial Neural Network, Sanaa Hammad Dhahi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk is particularly important because it may enable more effective interventions and reduce cumulative maternal and fetal injury. The aim of this study is to develop machine learning (ML) models for early prediction of GDM using widely available variables, facilitating early intervention, and enabling the application of prediction models in settings where more complex tests are not accessible. In this paper, an artificial neural network (ANN) was used to detect the risk of gestational diabetes. A global dataset was used to collect clinical and experimental data from pregnant women and people with diabetes …

Impact Of Merging Basalt Fibers With Various Types Of Concrete And The Factors Affecting Them: A Review, Adil M. Jabbar, Lubna S. Dankha

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

This paper reviews effecting of blending basalt fibers into concreteon mechanical properties, ductility, and toughness. Based on concretecomponents, the perfect basalt fiber percentage can differ and is influencedby factors like fiber length, w/c ratio, and age. The beneficial basalt fiberspercentage is lower than that of steel fibers. Even with a low concentrationof basalt fibers, concrete tensile and flexural strength can be improved moreeffectively than a higher amount of steel fibers. As the amount of basaltfiber increases, the mix workability decreases. Additionally, the flow abilitymay drop slightly as the length of the fibers increases. Adding basalt fiber toconcrete can minimize drying …

Stochastic Simulation Of Construction Methods For Multi-Purpose Utility Tunnels, Shayan Jorjam, Mohammed Mawlana, Amin Hammad

College of Architecture and the Built Environment Faculty Papers

The traditional method of installing underground utilities (e.g., water, sewer, gas pipes, electrical cables) by burying them under roads has been used for decades. However, the repeated excavations related to this method cause problems, such as traffic congestion and business disruption, which can significantly increase financial and social costs. Multi-purpose Utility Tunnels (MUTs) are a good alternative for buried utilities. Although the initial cost of MUTs is higher than that of the traditional method, social cost savings make them more feasible, especially in dense urban areas. Different factors, such as the specifications of utilities, the location of the MUTs, and …

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) In Wildfire Smoke Accumulate On Indoor Materials And Create Post-Smoke Event Exposure Pathways, Aurélie Laguerre, Elliott T. Gall

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Wildfire smoke contains PAHs that, after infiltrating indoors, accumulate on indoor materials through particle deposition and partitioning from air. We report the magnitude and persistence of select surface associated PAHs on three common indoor materials: glass, cotton, and mechanical air filter media. Materials were loaded with PAHs through both spiking with standards and exposure to a wildfire smoke proxy. Loaded materials were aged indoors over ~4 months to determine PAH persistence. For materials spiked with standards, total PAH decay rates were 0.010±0.002, 0.025±0.005, and 0.051±0.009 d -1 , for mechanical air filter media, glass, and cotton, respectively. PAH decay on …

Functionalized Thermoplastic Polyurethane Nanofibers: An Innovative Triboelectric Energy Generator, Julia I. Salas, Diego De Leon, Sk Shamim Hasan Abir, Mohammed Jasim Uddin, Karen Lozano

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is one of the most significantly innovative microdevices for built-in energy harvesting with wearable and portable electronics. In this study, the forcespinning technology was used to synthesize a nanofiber (NF) mat-based TENG. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane was used as the negative triboelectric electrode/pole, and chemically designed and functionalized thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was used as the positive electrode/pole for the TENG. The electronic interference, sensitivity, and gate voltage of the synthesized microdevices were investigated using chemically modified bridging of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) with a TPU polymer repeating unit and bare TPU-based positive electrodes. The chemical functionality …

Modeling Of Asphalt Concrete For Cross-Anisotropic Visco-Elasticity And Heterogeneity, Zafrul Hakim Khan

Civil Engineering ETDs

Asphalt Concrete (AC) is a cross-anisotropic viscoelastic material. This study has developed a methodology to backcalculate the cross-anisotropic properties of the AC layer from the Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) sensor and pavement response data from embedded sensors inside a pavement section. This study has also developed a two-way coupled Multiscale Finite Element Model (MsFEM) with Phase Field Fracture (PFF) to study the microstructural heterogeneity and damage of the AC layer based on the actual field loadings. A Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) and Machine learning-based backcalculation algorithm were developed to determine the layer thickness and dielectric constant from air-coupled Ground …

Aerodynamic Dimpling For The Nose Cone Of A High-Power Competition Rocket, Graham Geoffrey Monroe

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

This thesis investigates nose cone dimpling for the reduction of the aerodynamic drag of a Level 3 High-Power amateur rocket. Two rocket launches were conducted. The first used a COTS nose cone with a smooth surface. A dimple distribution was created according to dimensions calculated by Sandia National Laboratories’ proprietary Right- Size Dimple Evaluator. A dimpled nose cone, designed with geometry matching the COTS component, was 3D printed. Axial acceleration and barometric pressure data, recorded by an onboard flight computer, were used to calculate and plot the drag coefficient as a function of the Reynolds number for the smooth and …

Main Effects Screening Study Of Fe/Kclo4 Thermal Battery Heat Pellet Resistive Activation, Bryan T. Steiner

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

Thermal battery iron-potassium perchlorate (Fe/KClO₄) heat pellets are often ignited by explosive igniters or heat paper. An alternative direct electrical ignition method via resistive heating is explored, which could improve thermal battery manufacturability and design flexibility. A main effects screening experiment was performed with the goal of confirming prior observed trends under more realistic test conditions and ranking the importance of design factors, to optimize future experiments and develop knowledge of the performance space. Relevant literature is examined to advance a theoretical understanding of resistive activation. Ignition sensitivity (go/no-go and time to ignition) and ignition energy are primary …

Control Of Fully-Actuated Aerial Manipulators And Omni-Directional Multirotors, Riley M. Mccarthy

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

This thesis details the system modeling, design, control, simulation, construction, and
testing of both a fully-actuated and omni-directional multirotor aerial system created
for the primary purpose of performing active tasks with their environment. This work
verifies the capabilities of both systems through empirical testing, and demonstrates
how through the use of new control methods and physical designs multirotors can
expand their purpose from passive inspection based tasks to active contact based
tasks. These systems take advantage of newly implemented control allocation features present in the PX4 flight control software, version 1.14. The use of which makes designing controllers for such …

Design, Fabrication And Characterization Of Zero Power Sensor/Harvester For Smart Grid Applications, Zeynel Guler

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

This study presents a flexible sensor/harvester device to be used in both electromagnetic sensing and energy harvesting applications for smart grids. When a current passes through a wire, the sensor detects the magnetic field created by that current. The sensor magnet interacts with the wire magnetic field resulting in a transfer of energy through the piezoelectric cantilever. Piezoelectric, conductive, magnetic, and magnetostrictive composite thin films were prepared to fabricate this device.

Initially, the magnet of the cantilever was optimized considering its shape, thickness, length, taper angle etc. via both simulations and experiments. Peak to peak voltage versus cantilever position graph …

Screw Dislocations In A Holed Wedge, Gregory T. Whiteside

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

A numerical code has been designed and implemented to find the stress at any material point in a holed-wedge material due to any number of crystal or real screw dislocations in the wedge. The code implements the image dislocation method together with the collocation point method to find stresses at any material point. We demonstrate that the combined analytical-numerical method (analytical with the image dislocations and numerical with the collocation-point method) is valid in that it produces stress fields giving rise to zero traction on free surfaces as well at an arbitrary number of collocation points on void surfaces. Additionally, …

A Preliminary Study On Floating Flexible Otec Cold Water Pipe, Nai Kuang Liang, Hai Kuan Peng

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) requires a large amount of cold seawater. The traditional rigid pipe, semi-rigidly fixed onto the ship bottom is not easy to install and disassemble, so the Floating Flexible Cold Water Pipe (FFCWP) flexibly connected to the ship is proposed. A small FFCWP was designed, fabricated, and successfully installed and recovered in the sea. The flexible pipe adopts commercially available fire ventilation snake pipe. The pipe wall material strength must be improved in the future. Assuming that the drag coefficient Cd value is 1.5, a numerical calculation is employed to simulate the FFCWP attitude from the …

Machine Learning With Multi-Source Data To Predict And Explain Marine Pilot Occupational Accidents, Gokhan Camliyurt, Youngsoo Park, Daewon Kim, Won Sik Kang, Sangwon Park

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Marine pilot occupational accidents during transfer to/from ships are the primary concern of the International Marine Pilots’ Association (IMPA) and industry professionals. There are multiple transfer methods for marine pilots, with the most common being the pilot boat. To reach the mother ship bridge, the following stages must be safely completed: car transfer, walking on the pier, pier to pilot boat, pilot transfer by boat, cutter to pilot ladder, mother ship freeboard climbing, and ship deck to the bridge. Each stage has its own risk. Previous accident records and expert opinions are commonly used to conduct a risk analysis and …

Evaluation Of Operational Performance Of Wusongkou Cruise Port Through Network Data Envelopment Analysis, Qian-Feng Wang, Guo-Ya Gan, Xin-Liang Ye, Hsuan-Shih Lee

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

As major hubs for cruise berthing and passenger transfers, cruise ports in China were developing rapidly in the years before the COVID-19 pandemic because of an ever-growing regional market. Wusongkou Cruise Port is the most important port for cruise ships in China, and this study evaluated the operational performance of this port during 2011–2020. To this end, two-stage network data envelopment analysis was conducted to evaluate the port’s operation performance; subsequently, the change trajectory of the port’s operational efficiency during 2011–2020 was determined, and the potential reasons for the identified changes are discussed. Finally, suggestions for improving the operational performance …

Air-Jet Bioprinting Of Stem Cell-Encapsulated Alginate Micro-Droplets For Organoid Biomanufacturing, Mirabella B. Stump

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Biomanufactured 3D-organoids show promise for modeling and treating various conditions, particularly insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type-1 diabetes). Pancreatic islet organoids serve as sustainable sources of insulin-producing β-cells, potentially restoring insulin regulation in patients and providing a long-term solution for diabetes. Hydrogel droplet printing is an emerging technique in regenerative medicine due to its advantageous tunability and biocompatibility; however, challenges of consistency, quality control, and scalability persist. To address these issues, we developed a novel air-jetting based droplet bioprinting system for the generation of monodispersed alginate micro-droplets. The objective of this project was to incorporate human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into …

Fabrication And Characterization Of Flexible Microelectrode Arrays On Kapton Polyimide For Implantable Spinal Cord Stimulation Applications, Nabil Jamhour

Theses and Dissertations

Recent advances in spinal cord stimulation (SCS) technology have made a significant impact in the treatment of chronic pain which is a prevalent issue amongst 20% of the population in developed nations. A few medical device manufactures have developed SCS devices that have been studied in clinical environments and reported to be effective and safe for commercial use. However, the current SCS devices available are bulky, rigid, and still present infection, fibrosis, discomfort, pulse delivery challenges and other concerns for patients. In this study, flexible electrodes processed on Kapton® polyimide films by physical vapor and inkjet deposition are fabricated and …

Reconstructing Modis Aerosol Optical Depth And Exploring Dynamic And Influential Factors Of Aod Via Random Forest At The Global Scale, Bin Guo, Zheng Wang, Lin Pei, Xiaowei Zhu, Qiuji Chen, Haojie Wu, Wencai Zhang, Dingming Zhang

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Aerosols pose a significant impact on the atmospheric environment and public health. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) is one of the essential parameters for quantifying aerosols. Currently, existing AOD products suffer from severe pixel value missing issue due to clouds and other interferences globally, which severely affects the accuracy of fine particulate matter estimation and related epidemics researches. At the global scale, this study first adopted population as one of the influencing factors of AOD, and fully considered the effects of humidity, surface pressure, cloud cover, and evapotranspiration on AOD. Meanwhile, the spatiotemporal resolution of meteorological data was promoted to improve …

Modeling Of Frontal Polymerization Of Carbon Fiber And Dicyclopentadiene Woven Composites With Stochastic Material Uncertainty, Ahmadreza Mohammad Sharifi, Dong-Jun Kwon, S. Z. H. Shah, Juhyeong Lee

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

A novel finite element modeling framework is proposed for simulating dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) frontal polymerization in carbon fiber (CF) woven composites. A mesoscale CF/DCPD representative volume element (RVE) model was developed with two triggering directions, resulting in out-of-plane and in-plane DCPD polymerization. The Arrhenius equation coupled with a modified Prout-Tompkins autocatalytic model was used to evaluate the dynamic DCPD polymerization process. The rate and degree of DCPD cure were calculated by the material property uncertainties of DCPD with and without random void inclusions (3% used as a reference in this work). The DCPD frontal polymerization in CF/DCPD composite was strongly influenced …

Floating Wind Farm Experiments Through Scaling For Wake Characterization, Power Extraction, And Turbine Dynamics, Juliaan Bossuyt, OndˇRej FercˇÁk, Zein Sadek, Charles Meneveau, Dennice Gayme, Raúl Bayoán Cal

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this study, wind and water tunnel experiments of turbulent wakes in a scaled floating wind farm are performed. Scaling of a floating wind farm with a scaling ratio of 1:400 is made possible by relaxing geometric scaling of the turbine platform system, such that the dynamic response can be correctly matched, and to allow for relaxing Froude scaling such that the Reynolds number can be kept large enough. Four dimensionless parameters, describing the relative importance of wind and wave loads compared to turbine inertia, are used to guide the scaled floater design. Free decay tests of the pitch and …